تأوَّينىbeset me همُّa sorrow كثيرٌnumerous بلابلُهits torments
تأوَّينى همُّ كثيرٌ بلابلُه
طروقاcoming by night فغَالso robbed النَّومَsleep عَنِّيfrom me غَوَائِلُهits ravages
طروقا فغَال النَّومَ عَنِّي غَوَائِلُه
A sorrow beset me, its torments many,
coming by night; its ravages robbed me of sleep.
فويحِيalas for me منbecause of الموتdeath الذيwhich هوit واقعٌcertain to come
فويحِي من الموت الذي هو واقعٌ
ولِلمَوتِand death has بابٌa gate أنتyou لابُدَّinevitably داخِلُهentering it
ولِلمَوتِ بابٌ أنت لابُدَّ داخِلُه
Alas for me, for death is sure to come!
And death has a gate that you must enter.
أيَأمَنُdoes he feel safe from رَيبَthe vicissitudes of الدهرِTime ياO نَفسُsoul واهِنa frail man
أيَأمَنُ رَيبَ الدهرِ يا نَفسُ واهِن
تَجيشُseethe لهfor him بالمُفظِعَاتِwith horrors مَراجِلُهits cauldrons
تَجيشُ له بالمُفظِعَاتِ مَراجِلُه
Can a frail man feel safe from Time's treacheries, O soul,
while its cauldrons seethe with horrors for him?
فلمbut did not أرَI see فيin الدنياthis world وذوwhile one possessed of الجَهلِignorance غافلٌheedless
فلم أرَ في الدنيا وذو الجَهلِ غافلٌ
أسِيراًa captive يخافُfears القتلَexecution واللهوُwhile amusement شاغِلُهengrosses him
أسِيراً يخافُ القتلَ واللهوُ شاغِلُه
Never in this world have I seen—though the ignorant are heedless—
a captive fearing execution while amusement engrosses him.
فَمَاso what بالُهis his state يَفديransoms منfrom الموتdeath نَفسَهُhimself
فَمَا بالُه يَفدي من الموت نَفسَهُ
ويأمنُand feels safe from سَيفَthe sword of الدهرِTime والدهرُwhile Time قاتِلُهhis killer
ويأمنُ سَيفَ الدهرِ والدهرُ قاتِلُه
What ails him, that he ransoms himself from death,
yet feels safe from Time's sword, though Time will kill him,
ولاand does not يفتدِيransom himself منfrom موقفan ordeal لَوif رَمَىstruck الردَىdeath
ولا يفتدِي من موقف لَو رَمَى الردَى
بهwith it جَبَلاa mountain أضحتbecame سَرَاباa mirage جَنَادِلُهits boulders
به جَبَلا أضحت سَرَابا جَنَادِلُه
and does not ransom himself from an ordeal that, were Death to strike
a mountain with it, its boulders would become a mirage?
وَبَعدَand after دُخُولِentering القَبرِthe grave ياO نفسُsoul كُربَةٌanguish
وَبَعدَ دُخُولِ القَبرِ يا نفسُ كُربَةٌ
وهَولٌand terror تُشِيبُmake gray-haired المُرضِعِينَnursing infants زلازِلُهits convulsions
وهَولٌ تُشِيبُ المُرضِعِينَ زلازِلُه
After entering the grave, O soul, comes anguish,
and a terror whose convulsions turn nursing infants gray.
إذاwhen الأرضُthe earth خَفَّتgrew light بعدafter نَقلٍmoving جِبَالُهاits mountains
إذا الأرضُ خَفَّت بعد نَقلٍ جِبَالُها
وَخَلَّىand released سَبيلَthe course of البَحرِthe sea ياO نفسُsoul ساحِلُهits shore
وَخَلَّى سَبيلَ البَحرِ يا نفسُ ساحِلُه
When the earth grows light after its mountains are moved,
and the shore, O soul, lets the sea run free.
فلاthen not يَرتَجِيhopes for عَوناhelp علىin حَملِcarrying وِزرِهhis burden of sin
فلا يَرتَجِي عَونا على حَملِ وِزرِه
مُسِيءٌa wrongdoer وأولَىand most deserving الناسِof people بالوِزرof the burden حامِلُهits bearer
مُسِيءٌ وأولَى الناسِ بالوِزر حامِلُه
Then no help in carrying his burden can be hoped for
by a wrongdoer; none deserves the burden more than its bearer.
إِذاwhen الجَسدُthe body المَعمُورُinhabited زايلَparted from رُوحَهits spirit
إِذا الجَسدُ المَعمُورُ زايلَ رُوحَه
خَوَىlay empty وجَمالُand the beauty of البيتِthe house ياO نفسُsoul آهِلُهits dweller
خَوَى وجَمالُ البيتِ يا نفسُ آهِلُه
When the inhabited body parts from its spirit,
it lies empty; a house's beauty, O soul, is its dweller.
وقدand indeed كانwas فيهwithin it الروحُthe spirit حِيناfor a time يزينهُadorns it
وقد كان فيه الروحُ حِينا يزينهُ
وماand what is الغِمدُthe scabbard لولاwere it not for نَصلُهits blade وحمائِلُهand its sword-straps
وما الغِمدُ لولا نَصلُه وحمائِلُه
Indeed, the spirit was within it for a time, adorning it;
and what is a scabbard without its blade and sword-straps?
يُزَايلُنيleaves me ماليmy wealth إذاwhen النفسُthe soul حَشرَجَتgave a death-rattle
يُزَايلُني مالي إذا النفسُ حَشرَجَت
وأهلِيand my family وكَدحِيand my toil لازميclinging to me لاnot أُزَايِلُهI part from it
وأهلِي وكَدحِي لازمي لا أُزَايِلُه
My wealth leaves me when my soul gives its death-rattle,
and my family too; my toil clings to me, and I never leave it.
إذاwhen كَلَّfalters عندunder الجُهدِthe strain ياO نفسُsoul مَنطِقيmy speech
إذا كَلَّ عند الجُهدِ يا نفسُ مَنطِقي
وعايَنتُand I beheld عندat المَوتdeath ماwhat لاnot أُحاوِلُهI seek it
وعايَنتُ عند المَوت ما لا أُحاوِلُه
When, O soul, my speech falters under the strain,
and at death I behold what I never sought.
ويَغسِلُand washes away ماwhat بالجلدis on the skin منof ظاهِرِoutward الأذَىfilth
ويَغسِلُ ما بالجلد من ظاهِرِ الأذَى
ولاbut does not يَغسِلwash away الذَّنبَthe sin المُخَالِفَtransgressive غاسِلُهhis washer
ولا يَغسِل الذَّنبَ المُخَالِفَ غاسِلُه
The outward filth upon the skin is washed away,
but his washer cannot wash away the sin of disobedience.
ومنand whoever تُفلِتِlet escape الأمراضُillnesses يوماone day فإنّهthen indeed he
ومن تُفلِتِ الأمراضُ يوما فإنّه
سَيُوشِكُwill soon يوماone day أنthat تُصَابbe struck مَقاتِلُهhis vital parts
سَيُوشِكُ يوما أن تُصَاب مَقاتِلُه
And anyone whom illnesses let escape one day
will soon, one day, be struck in his vital parts.
وقدand sometimes تُفلِتُlet escape الوَحشَwild beasts الحِبالُthe snares وربَّماand sometimes
وقد تُفلِتُ الوَحشَ الحِبالُ وربَّما
تقبَّضَتِseized الوحشيَّthe wild creature يوماًone day حَبائِلُهits snares
تقبَّضَتِ الوحشيَّ يوماً حَبائِلُه
Snares may let wild beasts escape, yet sometimes
a wild creature is caught one day by the snares set for it.
إذاif العِلمُknowledge لمnot تَعمَلyou act بهupon it صارbecomes حُجَّةًevidence
إذا العِلمُ لم تَعمَل به صار حُجَّةً
عليكagainst you ولمand not تُعذَرyou are excused بماfor what أنتyou جاهِلُهignorant of it
عليك ولم تُعذَر بما أنت جاهِلُه
If you do not act upon knowledge, it becomes evidence
against you; nor are you excused for what you do not know.
وقدand indeed يُنعِشُrevives الذِّكرُremembrance القُلوبَhearts وإنّماand only
وقد يُنعِشُ الذِّكرُ القُلوبَ وإنّما
تكونُis حياةُthe life of العودِthe bough فيin الماءِwater وابِلُهits downpour
تكونُ حياةُ العودِ في الماءِ وابِلُه
Remembrance may revive hearts; indeed,
a bough's life lies only in abundant rainwater.
أرَىI see الغُصنَthe branch لاnot يَنمِيgrows إذاwhen جفَّdried up أصلُهits root
أرَى الغُصنَ لا يَنمِي إذا جفَّ أصلُه
وليسand is not بباقٍenduring مَنone who أُبِيحَتwere laid open أوائِلُهhis foundations
وليس بباقٍ مَن أُبِيحَت أوائِلُه
I see that a branch does not grow when its root dries up;
nor can anyone endure whose foundations lie exposed.
فإنso if كنتَyou were قدalready أبصَرتَyou perceived هذاthis فإنّماthen only
فإن كنتَ قد أبصَرتَ هذا فإنّما
يُصَدِّقُconfirms قَولَthe words of المَرءِa man ماwhat هوhe فاعِلُهdoing it
يُصَدِّقُ قَولَ المَرءِ ما هو فاعِلُه
If you have perceived this, then it is only
what a man does that bears out his words.
ولاand not يَستَقيمُgoes straight الدَّهرَever سهمٌan arrow لِوَجهِهِtoward its mark
ولا يَستَقيمُ الدَّهرَ سهمٌ لِوَجهِهِ
بهin it مَيلٌa bend حتىuntil يُقَوَّمَis straightened مائِلُهits crooked part
به مَيلٌ حتى يُقَوَّمَ مائِلُه
An arrow will never fly straight toward its mark
while bent, until its crooked part is straightened.
وفيكَand within you إِلىtoward الدُّنياthis world اعتِراضٌa turning aside وإنَّماand only
وفيكَ إِلى الدُّنيا اعتِراضٌ وإنَّما
تُكالُyou are measured لَدىat الميزانِthe scales ماwhat أنتَyou كائِلُهmeasuring it
تُكالُ لَدى الميزانِ ما أنتَ كائِلُه
Within you is an inclination toward this world; yet
at the scales, you receive only the measure you give.
فَلاso do not تَنتَكِثturn back بعدَafter الهَوَىdesire عنfrom بَصيرَةٍclear insight
فَلا تَنتَكِث بعدَ الهَوَى عن بَصيرَةٍ
كَماjust as نَكَثَunraveled الحَبلَthe rope المُضاعَفَdoubled فاتِلُهthe one who twisted it
كَما نَكَثَ الحَبلَ المُضاعَفَ فاتِلُه
So do not, in desire's wake, turn back from clear insight,
as a doubled rope is unraveled by the one who twisted it.
وتطلبُand you seek فيin الدُّنياthis world المَنازِلَhigh stations والعُلاand eminence
وتطلبُ في الدُّنيا المَنازِلَ والعُلا
وتَنسَىand you forget نَعيماbliss دائِماeverlasting لاnot تُزَأيِلُهyou part from it
وتَنسَى نَعيما دائِما لا تُزَأيِلُه
You seek high stations and eminence in this world,
yet forget everlasting bliss from which you would never part.
كَمَنlike one whom غَرَّهdeceived him لمعُthe gleam of السَّحابِclouds بِقيعَةٍon a barren plain
كَمَن غَرَّه لمعُ السَّحابِ بِقيعَةٍ
فقصَّرَand so fell short عَنof وِردٍa water-source تَجِيشُsurge مَنَاهِلُهits watering pools
فقصَّرَ عَن وِردٍ تَجِيشُ مَنَاهِلُه
Like one deceived by the gleam of clouds on a barren plain,
who thus misses a water-source whose pools surge.
وقدand indeed خانتِbetrayed الدنياthis world قُروناgenerations تتابعواthey followed one another
وقد خانتِ الدنيا قُرونا تتابعوا
كماjust as خَانَbetrayed أعلىthe upper part of البيتِthe house يوماًone day أسَافِلُهits lower parts
كما خَانَ أعلى البيتِ يوماً أسَافِلُه
This world has betrayed generations that followed one another,
as a house's foundations one day betray its upper storey.
وتُصبِحُand you wake فيهاin it آمناsecure ثمthen لمnot تَكُنyou were
وتُصبِحُ فيها آمنا ثم لم تَكُن
لِتَأمنَfor you to feel safe فيin وادٍa valley بهin it الخوفُfear نازِلُهdwelling in it
لِتَأمنَ في وادٍ به الخوفُ نازِلُه
You wake secure within it, though you could never
be safe in a valley where fear has made its home.
وقَدand indeed خَتَلَتنَاit deceived us باللَّطِيفِwith the subtleties مِنَof الهَوَىdesire
وقَد خَتَلَتنَا باللَّطِيفِ مِنَ الهَوَى
كَماjust as يَختِلُdeceives الوحشيَّthe wild creature بالشيءwith something خاتِلُهits deceiver
كَما يَختِلُ الوحشيَّ بالشيء خاتِلُه
It has deceived us with the subtleties of desire,
as a hunter tricks a wild beast with a lure.
رَضيناwe were content بماwith what فيهاis in it سَفَاهاfoolishly ولمand not يكنwas
رَضينا بما فيها سَفَاها ولم يكن
يَبيعُsells سمينَthe fat اللحمmeat بالغَثِّfor the lean آكِلُهits eater
يَبيعُ سمينَ اللحم بالغَثِّ آكِلُه
Foolishly we accepted what it holds, though no
meat-eater would trade fat flesh for lean.
وعاقِبةُand the aftermath of اللَّذاتِpleasures تُخشَىis feared وإنَّماand only
وعاقِبةُ اللَّذاتِ تُخشَى وإنَّما
يُكَدِّرُclouds يوماone day عاجلَthe present of الأمرِthe matter آجِلُهits future
يُكَدِّرُ يوما عاجلَ الأمرِ آجِلُه
The aftermath of pleasures is feared, for it is
a matter's future that will one day cloud its present.
وإنand though فَرحَتrejoiced بالمرءin a man يوماone day حلائلٌwives
وإن فَرحَت بالمرء يوما حلائلٌ
فلاthen no بدescape يوماone day أنthat تُرِنَّwail حلائِلُهhis wives
فلا بد يوما أن تُرِنَّ حلائِلُه
Though wives may rejoice in a man one day,
one day his wives must surely wail.
فكَمfor how many منa فَتَىyouth قدindeed كانwas فيin شِرَّةِthe wild ardor of الصِّبَاyouth
فكَم من فَتَى قد كان في شِرَّةِ الصِّبَا
فأقصَرَthen ceased بعدَafter العذلِreproach عنهfrom him عَواذِلُهhis reproachers
فأقصَرَ بعدَ العذلِ عنه عَواذِلُه
How many a youth once lived in youth's wild ardor,
then his reproachers, after their rebukes, left him alone.
إذاwhen ماever سَماrose حَقٌa right إليكtoward you وباطلٌand a falsehood
إذا ما سَما حَقٌ إليك وباطلٌ
عليكagainst you فلاthen let not يَذهبgo off بِحَقّكwith your right باطِلُهhis falsehood
عليك فلا يَذهب بِحَقّك باطِلُه
When a rightful claim comes your way, and a false one
against you, do not let that falsehood carry off your right.
وقدand indeed يأملُhopes الرَّاجيthe hopeful man فيكذِبُthen belie ظَنَّهhis expectation
وقد يأملُ الرَّاجي فيكذِبُ ظَنَّه
أمورٌevents ويَلقَىand he encounters الشيءَa thing ماnot كانhe was يأملُهhoping for it
أمورٌ ويَلقَى الشيءَ ما كان يأملُه
A hopeful man may hope, but his expectation is belied
by events, and he meets what he had never hoped for.
Sol 6.1