أَخلَّايَmy friends أَينَwhere المُعوِلاتُthe wailing women النوائِحُthe mourners
أَخلَّايَ أَينَ المُعوِلاتُ النوائِحُ
وأَينَand where النُعَىthe death-announcements والمُثكَلاتُand the bereaved women الصوائحُcrying out
وأَينَ النُعَى والمُثكَلاتُ الصوائحُ
My friends, where are the wailing mourners?
My brethren! Where are the mourning women, the weeping,
And where are the death-announcements and the bereaved women crying out?
And the wailing over the departed, the crying women?
وأَينَand where الذيthe one who يبكيweeps بعينٍwith an eye سخينةٍfevered
وأَينَ الذي يبكي بعينٍ سخينةٍ
دِماءًblood تُلظِّيهاmake it blaze الحَشَىthe entrails والجوارحُand the limbs
دِماءً تُلظِّيها الحَشَى والجوارحُ
And where is one who weeps with a fevered eye
Where is he who weeps with hot tears
blood made to blaze by his entrails and limbs?
Blood that burns his innermost being and limbs?
رُبوعٌdwellings غدتbecame فيin وَحشةٍdesolation بعدَafter أُنسِهاtheir companionship
رُبوعٌ غدت في وَحشةٍ بعدَ أُنسِها
لذاtherefore سَفَحَتpoured tears فيupon سَفحِهِنَّtheir slopes السوافحُthe tear-shedders
لذا سَفَحَت في سَفحِهِنَّ السوافحُ
Dwellings have grown desolate after their companionship;
Pleasant dwellings that became desolate after their intimacy,
so the tear-shedders poured their tears upon their slopes.
So their slopes poured down torrents.
تَضرَّمَتِcaught fire الأَحشاءُthe entrails حتَّىuntil شُواظُهاtheir flame
تَضرَّمَتِ الأَحشاءُ حتَّى شُواظُها
لسائِرfor all مَحوَىthe expanse ظاهرof the exterior الجِسمُof the body لافحُscorching
لسائِر مَحوَى ظاهر الجِسمُ لافحُ
The entrails caught fire, until their flame
The bosoms kept writhing until their shoulders,
scorched the whole expanse of the body's surface.
And the rest of the visible body was burning.
ولمand did not يَبرَحِcease التبريحُthe torment يُضرِمُkindle فيwithin الحَشَىthe inward parts
ولم يَبرَحِ التبريحُ يُضرِمُ في الحَشَى
لهيبَa blaze أَسىًof sorrow أَذكَتfanned صِلاةُthe burning heat البوارحُthe harsh winds
لهيبَ أَسىً أَذكَت صِلاةُ البوارحُ
And torment has not ceased to kindle within
And the burning within the breast did not cease
a blaze of sorrow whose burning the harsh winds fanned.
To kindle a flame of sorrow that prayer of the limbs intensified.
فهلso can يُمكِنُbe possible الإِضمارُconcealment والشأنُwhile the matter ظاهرٌis manifest
فهل يُمكِنُ الإِضمارُ والشأنُ ظاهرٌ
وهلand can تُكتَمُbe concealed الأَسرارُthe secrets والشأنwhile the matter بائِحُdivulges
وهل تُكتَمُ الأَسرارُ والشأن بائِحُ
Can anything be concealed when the matter is manifest?
Can matters be concealed while the situation is evident?
And can secrets be hidden when the matter divulges itself?
Can secrets be hidden while the matter is exposed?
فبيfor within me كَمَدٌanguish وأراهُand concealed it (uncertain reading) ذَيلُthe hem تَجَلُّديof my fortitude
فبي كَمَدٌ وأراهُ ذَيلُ تَجَلُّدي
ولكنهbut it أورتهkindled it فيamong القوادحthe fire-strikers
ولكنه أورته في القوادح
Within me is anguish, concealed beneath the hem of my fortitude;
In me there is suppressed agony that its tail betrays,
yet it was kindled amid the fire-strikers.
Though I tried to hide it in cups.
وأَجهَدتُand I strained نفسيmyself فيin استِتارِconcealing مَصابهاits affliction
وأَجهَدتُ نفسي في استِتارِ مَصابها
مَخافةَfor fear أَنthat تَسطُوwould assault عليَّme المفاضحُthe shameful disclosures
مَخافةَ أَن تَسطُو عليَّ المفاضحُ
I strained myself to conceal my affliction,
I exerted myself to conceal her affliction,
for fear that shameful disclosures would assault me.
Fearing vulgarities would assault me.
وناهيكَand enough for you دهرٌis Time شَوطُthe course كلِّof every مُلِمَّةٍcalamity
وناهيكَ دهرٌ شَوطُ كلِّ مُلِمَّةٍ
وكلٌّand everyone بهذاalong this الشَوطِcourse سارٍtraveling وسارحُand roaming
وكلٌّ بهذا الشَوطِ سارٍ وسارحُ
Enough for you is Time, the course of every calamity;
Time has stages, each stage of ordeals has an end,
everyone travels and roams along that course.
And each being travels this stretch then departs.
تَهدَّمَcollapsed رُكنٌa pillar وانهَوَىand fell شامخُtowering الذُرَىin summits
تَهدَّمَ رُكنٌ وانهَوَى شامخُ الذُرَى
وقُوِّضَand was razed صَرحٌa lofty edifice ماnot لعُلياهُto its highest point ماسحُanyone reaching
وقُوِّضَ صَرحٌ ما لعُلياهُ ماسحُ
A pillar crumbled, and a towering height came crashing down;
A pillar collapsed, the lofty one of the abodes declined,
a lofty edifice was razed, whose highest point none could touch.
And a magnificent edifice was demolished, no one remains to rebuild it.
وغُيِّضَand was drained بحرٌa sea زاخرٌsurging لاwith no مُزاخِرٌrival in abundance
وغُيِّضَ بحرٌ زاخرٌ لا مُزاخِرٌ
لذاخرهِto its abundance إذfor أَفرَدَتهmade it peerless الصوالحُthe virtues
لذاخرهِ إذ أَفرَدَته الصوالحُ
A surging sea was drained, with none to rival
An abundant sea with no one to make it abundant again
its abundance, for virtues had made it peerless.
When the virtuous separated it.
عَجِبتُI marveled لرَمسٍat a grave ضَمَّthat enclosed بحراًa sea عَرَمرَماًvast
عَجِبتُ لرَمسٍ ضَمَّ بحراً عَرَمرَماً
وكوكبِand a star أُفقٍof the horizon غَيَّبَتهُhid it الأَباطحُthe gravelly plains
وكوكبِ أُفقٍ غَيَّبَتهُ الأَباطحُ
I marveled at a grave that enclosed a vast sea,
I am astonished by fate that embraced a foaming sea,
and a star of the horizon concealed by gravelly plains.
And a celestial sphere whose star was veiled by calamities.
حَنانَيكَyour mercy, your mercy عبدَAbd (servant) اللَهِAllah (God) غادرتَyou left صُحبةًa fellowship
حَنانَيكَ عبدَ اللَهِ غادرتَ صُحبةً
لضِيقتهاat its distress الجُلَّىoverwhelming تَضِيقُgrow narrow الصحاصحُthe open plains
لضِيقتها الجُلَّى تَضِيقُ الصحاصحُ
Mercy, Abd Allah! You left a fellowship
Farewell Abdullah you left a companionship
whose overwhelming distress makes the open plains constrict.
Whose breadth distress confined like palm-leaf stalks.
أُحاشيكَI spare you أَنfrom أَدعُوكَcalling you بحراًa sea لأَنَّهُbecause it
أُحاشيكَ أَن أَدعُوكَ بحراً لأَنَّهُ
وَرُودُكَcoming to you for water عَذبٌsweet والبُحورُwhile the seas موالحُare salty
وَرُودُكَ عَذبٌ والبُحورُ موالحُ
I would spare you the name of a sea, for
Wondrous that I call you a sea though
drinking at your waters is sweet, while seas are salt.
Your presence is sweet while seas are salty.
فماso not الشرقُthe East إِلَّاexcept شارقٌchoking ببُكائهِon its weeping
فما الشرقُ إِلَّا شارقٌ ببُكائهِ
عليكَfor you وغَربُand the west الغَربِof the West بِالدمعِwith tears سافحُpouring
عليكَ وغَربُ الغَربِ بِالدمعِ سافحُ
The East does nothing but choke on its weeping
The East continues shining in its weeping over you
for you, while the far West pours out tears.
And the West of the West sheds tears.
فياso O لَكَwhat a خَطباًcalamity عَمَّencompassing شرقاًthe East ومَغرِباًand the West
فيا لَكَ خَطباً عَمَّ شرقاً ومَغرِباً
فخُصَّso was singled out بهِby it كلٌّeveryone قريبٌnear ونازحُand far away
فخُصَّ بهِ كلٌّ قريبٌ ونازحُ
What a calamity, encompassing East and West!
What great events have spread through East and West!
Each one, near and far, was personally struck by it.
Each near and far was specially afflicted.
اخيرlast يومday العامof the year عندat غوؤبهits setting
اخير يوم العام عند غوؤبه
قدindeed انطفأwent out منهin it وعناand from us المصابحthe lamps
قد انطفأ منه وعنا المصابح
At sunset on the year's last day,
Finally, the day of the year ended with its setting
the lamps went out in it and were taken from us.
And its lamps and our lamps were extinguished.
فأَغَرَبَتِthen set الشمسانِthe two suns واختَفَتاand both vanished معاًtogether
فأَغَرَبَتِ الشمسانِ واختَفَتا معاً
فظَلناso we remained ووَجهُwhile the face الكَونِof creation أَسفَعُwas darkened كالحُgrim
فظَلنا ووَجهُ الكَونِ أَسفَعُ كالحُ
The two suns set and vanished together,
So the two suns disappeared together,
and we remained, the face of creation dark and grim.
Leaving us when the face of existence was pitch-black.
ووُشِحَand was draped بالأَكفانِin shrouds وجهٌa face مكرَّمٌhonored
ووُشِحَ بالأَكفانِ وجهٌ مكرَّمٌ
عليهِupon it منfrom الفضلvirtue السنيِّradiant وشائحُsashes
عليهِ من الفضل السنيِّ وشائحُ
A noble face was draped in shrouds,
An honored face was enshrouded in burial sheets.
bearing sashes of radiant virtue.
The virtues of the exemplary sunnah on it streaming.
لقدindeed وجبتset شمسthe sun الضحىof forenoon قبلbefore حينهاits time
لقد وجبت شمس الضحى قبل حينها
وأوجبand set نجمٌa star بالملامحin the features لامحُgleaming
وأوجب نجمٌ بالملامح لامحُ
The forenoon sun set before its time,
The sun of daybreak set before its time
and a star gleaming in his features sank.
And a star of beauty set that gave light.
وغَلَّand thrust down الثُرَيَّاthe Pleiades غائلُthe destroyer الدهرِof Time فيinto الثَرَىthe dust
وغَلَّ الثُرَيَّا غائلُ الدهرِ في الثَرَى
وغالتand assailed فُؤادَthe heart الفَرقَدَينِof the two Farqad stars الفَوادحُthe grievous calamities
وغالت فُؤادَ الفَرقَدَينِ الفَوادحُ
Time's destroyer thrust the Pleiades into the dust,
The Pleiades declined, time played with the earth
and crushing woes assailed the heart of the two Farqad stars.
And the separation burned the hearts of the lovers.
فهلso has سافتcut with a sword العَيُوقَal-'Ayyuq سيَّافةُthe swordswoman الرَدَىof death
فهل سافت العَيُوقَ سيَّافةُ الرَدَى
وهلand has رَمَحَspeared الجَبَّارَal-Jabbar بالموتِwith death رامحُa spearman
وهل رَمَحَ الجَبَّارَ بالموتِ رامحُ
Has death's swordswoman cut down al-'Ayyuq?
Did the fates unsheathe swords of calamity
Has a spearman pierced al-Jabbar with death?
And did death spear the Almighty with death?
نَحاhe departed عنfrom دِيارٍdwellings وانتَحَىand sought لِدِيارةٍtoward a monastery
نَحا عن دِيارٍ وانتَحَى لِدِيارةٍ
وماand not زالَceased فيهاthere وَهوَwhile he للمجدِof glory طارحُwas a discarder
وما زالَ فيها وَهوَ للمجدِ طارحُ
He left dwellings and sought a monastery,
He left dwellings and headed to dwellings
and stayed there, casting glory aside,
Where he still lays glory.
إلىuntil أَنthat قَضَىhe died ماwhile بينَamong رُهبانِهاits monks وهمwith them
إلى أَن قَضَى ما بينَ رُهبانِها وهم
لَدَيهِat his side وكلٌّand each ناحبُsobbing القلبِat heart نائِحُlamenting
لَدَيهِ وكلٌّ ناحبُ القلبِ نائِحُ
until he died among its monks, with them
Until he fulfilled his duty between its monks and they
at his side, each heart sobbing, each man lamenting.
Were near him, each with a grieving heart, weeping.
كهالةِlike the halo بدرٍof a full moon جُثَّماًkneeling بِصَلاتِهِمin their prayers
كهالةِ بدرٍ جُثَّماً بِصَلاتِهِم
بأَلسِنةٍwith tongues سُجٌhushed وأَيدٍand hands مسابحُrosaries
بأَلسِنةٍ سُجٌ وأَيدٍ مسابحُ
Like a full moon's halo, kneeling in their prayers,
At the peak of the full moon with their prayers
with hushed tongues and rosary-bearing hands.
With truthful tongues and hands glorifying.
وسَلَّمَand he surrendered طَوعاًwillingly فيinto يَدِthe hand اللَهِof God رُوحَهُhis spirit
وسَلَّمَ طَوعاً في يَدِ اللَهِ رُوحَهُ
بكلِّin complete أمانٍpeace وهوwhile he was جَذلانُglad فارحُrejoicing
بكلِّ أمانٍ وهو جَذلانُ فارحُ
Willingly he delivered his spirit into God's hand,
He willingly submitted his soul to God’s hand
in perfect peace, glad and rejoicing.
Securely while he was dignified and delighted.
فهذاso this is خِتامُthe end التاركِof one forsaking العالَمَthe world الذيwhich
فهذا خِتامُ التاركِ العالَمَ الذي
بِواديin the valley بَوادِيهِof its wildernesses تَجُوحُravage الجوائِحُthe calamities
بِوادي بَوادِيهِ تَجُوحُ الجوائِحُ
Such is the end of one who forsook the world,
This is the end of one who left the world
in whose wilderness valley calamities wreak havoc,
In whose valleys the women shriek.
وعاشَand he lived معamong الأَبرارِthe righteous فيin الديرِthe monastery ناسكاًas an ascetic
وعاشَ مع الأَبرارِ في الديرِ ناسكاً
تُقدَّمُare offered بالإِمساكِthrough abstinence منهُby him ذبائِحُsacrifices
تُقدَّمُ بالإِمساكِ منهُ ذبائِحُ
and lived among the righteous, an ascetic in the monastery,
He lived with the righteous in the monastery devoutly
offering sacrifices through abstinence.
As sacrifices were presented through his fasting.
لقدindeed كانَhe was ليto me سعدَSa'd (fortune) السُعودِal-Su'ud (fortunes) فمُذbut since قَضَىhe died
لقد كانَ لي سعدَ السُعودِ فمُذ قَضَى
تَقاضانيَexacted its due from me السعدُthe fortune الذيwhich ليَfor me ذابحُis a slaughterer
تَقاضانيَ السعدُ الذي ليَ ذابحُ
He was my Sa'd al-Su'ud, the fortune of fortunes; since he died,
Since he passed away, good fortune I was granted has ceased,
the fortune that slaughters me has exacted its due.
And the happiness I had is lost.
وأَودَعَنيand entrusted to me إذalthough لمnot يَكُنhe had been ليto me مُودِّعاًbidding farewell
وأَودَعَني إذ لم يَكُن لي مُودِّعاً
وديعةَa deposit نارٍof fire أُودِعَتهاwere entrusted with it الجوانحُthe ribs
وديعةَ نارٍ أُودِعَتها الجوانحُ
Though he had not bid me farewell, he entrusted to me
He bid me farewell when he had no one bidding him farewell,
a deposit of fire lodged within my ribs.
And entrusted me with a blazing ember that hearts harbored.
تَنازعَcontended for عقليmy mind الحالتانِthe two states فنادبٌso a mourner
تَنازعَ عقلي الحالتانِ فنادبٌ
عَوارفَهُhis benefactions طَوراًat one time وطَوراًand at another فمادحُthen a praiser
عَوارفَهُ طَوراً وطَوراً فمادحُ
Two moods contend for my mind: at times I lament
My mind was seized by two conditions; a critic
his benefactions, and at times I praise him.
Praising his virtues at times, and a praiser at times.
فلمso not أَدرِI knew هلwhether تَنعَىmourn عليهِfor him المنايِحthe lamentations
فلم أَدرِ هل تَنعَى عليهِ المنايِح
مَدَىthroughout الدهرِall time أمor تُثنِىextol عليهِhim المدائحُthe praises
مَدَى الدهرِ أم تُثنِى عليهِ المدائحُ
I do not know whether lamentations should mourn him
I did not know if the keeners would mourn him
for all time, or encomiums should sing his praise.
For ages or if the eulogies would praise him.
أَماindeed إِنَّهُhe is بحرُthe sea المَجَرَّةِof the Milky Way بالحِجَىin intellect
أَما إِنَّهُ بحرُ المَجَرَّةِ بالحِجَى
فضائِلُهُhis virtues فيهِwithin it الدراريthe brilliant stars السوابحُswimming
فضائِلُهُ فيهِ الدراري السوابحُ
Indeed, in intellect he is the sea of the Milky Way;
Verily he is the sea of the honored with virtues,
his virtues are the bright stars swimming within it.
In it are diving honoring virtues.
ونُقطةُand the pivot-point بيكارof a compass بدائِرَةِin the circle العُلَىof eminence
ونُقطةُ بيكار بدائِرَةِ العُلَى
خُطوطُthe lines التُقَىof piety كلٌّeach بهِwith him لاnot يُبَارِحُdeparts
خُطوطُ التُقَى كلٌّ بهِ لا يُبَارِحُ
And the compass-point in the circle of eminence;
A dot of excellence in the circle of highness,
every line of piety remains with him.
Lines of piety each anchored to him never leaving.
حديدُkeen النُهَىin intellect والعَزمِand resolve والحَزمِand prudence والقُوَىand strength
حديدُ النُهَى والعَزمِ والحَزمِ والقُوَى
وسَهلُand easy اللِقاto meet سَمحُgenerous الأَكُفِّof hands مُسامحُforgiving
وسَهلُ اللِقا سَمحُ الأَكُفِّ مُسامحُ
Keen in intellect, resolve, prudence, and strength,
Iron will, determination, resolve and strength,
easy to meet, open-handed, forgiving.
Easy meeting, generous handed, forgiving.
يُقطّبُhe frowns لكنbut لاnot غَضُوبٌirascible ونافرٌand aloof
يُقطّبُ لكن لا غَضُوبٌ ونافرٌ
ويَبسُمُand he smiles لكنbut لاnot لَعُوبٌfrivolous ومازحُand jesting
ويَبسُمُ لكن لا لَعُوبٌ ومازحُ
He frowns, but is neither irascible nor aloof,
He frowns but is not angry or repellent,
and smiles, but is neither frivolous nor jesting.
And he smiles but is not foolish or jesting.
تُقادُis led إليهto him كلُّevery نفسٍsoul أبيةٍproud
تُقادُ إليه كلُّ نفسٍ أبيةٍ
كأنas though بُرَةٌa nose-ring منهُfrom him عليهاupon it النصائحthe counsels
كأن بُرَةٌ منهُ عليها النصائح
Every proud soul is led to him,
Every stubborn soul is led to him
as though his counsels were a nose-ring upon it.
As if there is proof against it in his counsel.
فماso not زالَceased مأهولَto be inhabited المغانيin his dwellings لأنهُbecause he
فما زالَ مأهولَ المغاني لأنهُ
مُشيرٌan adviser عجيبٌremarkable صائِبُsound الرأيin judgment ناصحُsincere in counsel
مُشيرٌ عجيبٌ صائِبُ الرأي ناصحُ
His dwellings never ceased to be thronged, for he was
He never lacked wisdom for he is a wondrous advisor,
a remarkable adviser, sound in judgment and sincere.
Correct in opinion, a sincere counselor.
يُبادِرُهُhastens to him إنif فاهَhe speaks عقلٌa mind ومِسمَعٌand an ear
يُبادِرُهُ إن فاهَ عقلٌ ومِسمَعٌ
وإِنand if صَمَّمَhe settled firmly الآراءَthe opinions صَمَّfell silent المُطارِحُthe disputant
وإِن صَمَّمَ الآراءَ صَمَّ المُطارِحُ
Mind and ear hasten to him whenever he speaks;
He takes initiative if a mind and hearing respond,
when he settles judgments, the disputant falls silent.
And if opinions persist, even the deafer hear him.
فكمso how many منof نُفُوسٍsouls قدindeed دَهاهاassailed them عُتُوُّهاtheir arrogance
فكم من نُفُوسٍ قد دَهاها عُتُوُّها
غَدَتbecame ولَهاand for them عنaway from غَيِهاtheir error منهُfrom him كابحُa restrainer
غَدَت ولَها عن غَيِها منهُ كابحُ
How many souls had been assailed by their own arrogance,
How many souls that their defiance led astray
then found in him a restraint against their error!
Were guided by him away from their defiance.
بتأنيِبِهthrough his rebuke آضَمتwere restrained (unclear form) نُفوسٌsouls شواردٌwandering
بتأنيِبِه آضَمت نُفوسٌ شواردٌ
وتهذيبِهِand through his discipline ارتاضَتwere tamed رُؤسٌheads جوامحُunruly
وتهذيبِهِ ارتاضَت رُؤسٌ جوامحُ
His rebuke brought wandering souls under restraint,
By his rebuke hearts that strayed straightened
and his discipline tamed unruly heads.
And by his cultivation stubborn heads calmed.
بتِرياقِهِwith his antidote الشافيhealing المجرَّبِtried كمhow many شَفَىhe cured
بتِرياقِهِ الشافي المجرَّبِ كم شَفَى
لديغَone bitten هوامِby the vermin الإِفكِof falsehood والحقُّwhile the truth واضحُis clear
لديغَ هوامِ الإِفكِ والحقُّ واضحُ
How often, with his tried and healing antidote, he cured
With his proven healing antidote he healed
one bitten by the vermin of falsehood, while truth stood clear!
The venom of slander when truth is clear.
وفَنَّدَand he refuted بالتفنيدِby refutation كلَّevery عضيهةٍslander
وفَنَّدَ بالتفنيدِ كلَّ عضيهةٍ
وأَرتَقةٍand heresy فَهوَfor he is الكَمِيُّthe armored warrior المُكافحُthe fighter
وأَرتَقةٍ فَهوَ الكَمِيُّ المُكافحُ
He refuted with refutation every slander
With refutation he refuted every dispute
and heresy: he is the armored champion who fights them.
And argument, he is the conclusive debater.
وبَرهَنَand he proved بالبُرهانُby demonstration كلَّevery يقينةٍcertainty
وبَرهَنَ بالبُرهانُ كلَّ يقينةٍ
فدانَso submitted لهاto it هامُthe head العنيدِof the obstinate one المُناطِحُthe head-butting challenger
فدانَ لها هامُ العنيدِ المُناطِحُ
He proved with demonstration every certainty,
With proof he proved each certainty
and the obstinate challenger's head bowed before it.
So the zealot minds surrendered to it.
وكمand how often رَدَّhe turned back بالرَدِّwith refutation الخطيرِweighty نُهىًminds لهاthat had
وكم رَدَّ بالرَدِّ الخطيرِ نُهىً لها
جَماحٌrunaway impulses إلىtoward مَهوَىthe abyss الرَدَىof death ومَطامِحُand ambitions
جَماحٌ إلى مَهوَى الرَدَى ومَطامِحُ
How often, with weighty refutation, he turned back minds that had
How much danger he deflected with his fraught response
runaway impulses and ambitions toward death's abyss!
That had wings towards the path of ruin and hopes.
معانيthemes جِدالٍof debate جَدلُهُنَّhis disputing them قدindeed انفَرَتwere split apart
معاني جِدالٍ جَدلُهُنَّ قد انفَرَت
بهِby him جُدُلٌstrong cords ماnot صافَحَتهاtouched them الصفائِحُthe sword-blades
بهِ جُدُلٌ ما صافَحَتها الصفائِحُ
Themes of debate: his disputation unraveled
He simplified the complexities of meanings
stout cords no sword-blades had ever touched.
As if he had keys to unlocking meanings.
وكَمand how many ضاقَwas constricted صَدرٌa breast منby معانٍmeanings ضُئيلةٍslight
وكَم ضاقَ صَدرٌ من معانٍ ضُئيلةٍ
أَبانَhe revealed خوافياhidden matters بماthrough what هُوَhe شارحُexplained
أَبانَ خوافيا بما هُوَ شارحُ
How many a breast was cramped by trifling meanings;
He made the barren minds fertile with produce
he made hidden matters clear through his explanations.
From knowledge so they comply, elucidated.
ورَدَّand turned back علىagainst عَجزِthe ending الأَضاليلof falsehoods صَدرَهاtheir beginning
ورَدَّ على عَجزِ الأَضاليل صَدرَها
ففاءَتso they recoiled بعجزٍin helplessness ذَيَّلتهُappended to it الفواصحُthe eloquent words
ففاءَت بعجزٍ ذَيَّلتهُ الفواصحُ
He turned falsehoods' beginnings against their endings,
He contained logic, knowledge and words that harmonize
so they recoiled in helplessness, to which eloquent words added a coda.
So if his mouth opened, you would say musk and perfume permeate.
أزالَhe removed رِتاجthe gate المُشكِلاتِof difficulties كأَنَّهُas though he were
أزالَ رِتاج المُشكِلاتِ كأَنَّهُ
لأَقفالِfor the locks أَغلاقِof the barriers المعانيof meanings مفاتحُkeys
لأَقفالِ أَغلاقِ المعاني مفاتحُ
He removed the gate of difficult questions, as though he were
And grammar analyzing it, his grammar in it
keys for the locks sealing meanings shut.
Inclining to God, no grammar deviated from it.
وأَلقَحَand he fertilized عقماءَthe barren الفُهُومunderstandings بناتجٍwith a yield
وأَلقَحَ عقماءَ الفُهُوم بناتجٍ
منof العِلمِknowledge فانصاعتso they complied بهِwith it وهيwhile they were لائحُradiant
من العِلمِ فانصاعت بهِ وهي لائحُ
He fertilized barren understandings with a fruitful yield
And prosody, prose and letters,
of knowledge; they yielded to it and became radiant.
Its winds blow aromas.
حَوَىhe mastered مَنطِقاًlogic عِلماًin knowledge ولفظاًand expression تَجانَسَاin mutual harmony
حَوَى مَنطِقاً عِلماً ولفظاً تَجانَسَا
فانso if فاهَhe spoke قلتَyou said الطيبُfragrance والمسكُand musk فائِحare wafting
فان فاهَ قلتَ الطيبُ والمسكُ فائِح
He mastered logic, with knowledge and expression in harmony;
He gained skill in the battle of eloquence,
when he spoke, you said, 'Fragrance and musk are wafting.'
The champions were unable to compete with him.
ونحواًand grammar وصرفاًand morphology صارفاًdirecting فيهِtherein نحوَهُhis course
ونحواً وصرفاً صارفاً فيهِ نحوَهُ
إلىtoward اللَهGod لمnot يَجنَحinclined لهُfor him عنهُaway from Him جانحُany inclination
إلى اللَه لم يَجنَح لهُ عنهُ جانحُ
And grammar and morphology, directing his course therein
His explanation unveiled the mysteries of books
toward God, with no inclination turning him away from Him;
With an elucidation that unlocked for the mysteries a starter.
ونظماًand verse وإِنشاءًand composition ونثرَand prose رسائِلٍof epistles
ونظماً وإِنشاءً ونثرَ رسائِلٍ
تُراسِلُexchange messages with رَيَّاهاtheir fragrance العُطورُthe perfumes النوافحُwafting
تُراسِلُ رَيَّاها العُطورُ النوافحُ
and verse, composition, and prose epistles,
His sermons instruct with commands and deterrents in censures
whose fragrance exchanged messages with wafting perfumes.
That distant ignorance flees from them.
وحازَand he attained بمَيدانِin the arena اليَراعِof the reed-pen بَراعةًmastery
وحازَ بمَيدانِ اليَراعِ بَراعةً
أَبَتrefused أَنthat تُجاريهِkeep pace with him الفُحولُthe stallions القوارحُfull-grown
أَبَت أَن تُجاريهِ الفُحولُ القوارحُ
In the arena of the reed-pen he attained a mastery
He reformed a lost tradition and those are traits
that no full-grown stallion could keep pace with.
God granted not attained through exertion.
وإِعرابَand elucidation أَسفارِof books تَمنَّعَresisted entry خِدرُهاtheir secluded chamber
وإِعرابَ أَسفارِ تَمنَّعَ خِدرُها
جَلاهاunveiled them بَيانٌexposition منهُfrom him للمنعِof the barrier فاتحُan opener
جَلاها بَيانٌ منهُ للمنعِ فاتحُ
And the elucidation of books whose secluded chamber resisted entry:
He never wasted time, not even an hour,
his exposition unveiled them, opening their barriers.
But exerted his body and spirit laboring.
ووعظاًand preaching نَهِيٌّwise الأمرِin command والنَهيِand prohibition فيwithin النُهَىminds
ووعظاً نَهِيٌّ الأمرِ والنَهيِ في النُهَى
تَناهتreached perfection بهِthrough it فالجهلُso ignorance عنهنَّfrom them زائِحُdeparting
تَناهت بهِ فالجهلُ عنهنَّ زائِحُ
And preaching, wise in command and prohibition for minds;
He preceded everything as introductions precede
they reached perfection through it, and ignorance left them.
The chapters of a book, the openings.
واصحand sounder صنعاًin work فيin اصطناعshowing favor to ضائعa neglected person
واصح صنعاً في اصطناع ضائع
وتلكand those are اختصاصاتspecial gifts لهاfor which اللَهGod مانحis the giver
وتلك اختصاصات لها اللَه مانح
And sound work in showing kindness to the neglected.
Praise him, do not blame for he is righteous,
These were special gifts that God bestowed.
A righteous person does not refuse praise.
ولمand not يلفwas he found بطالاًidle ولوeven if عمرfor the span ساعةٍof an hour
ولم يلف بطالاً ولو عمر ساعةٍ
ولكنهbut he الجسمin body والروحand soul كادحlabored
ولكنه الجسم والروح كادح
He was never found idle, even for an hour of his life,
How bitter his envious enemies are with spreading his virtues
but labored in body and soul.
Though they concealed their stinginess as fire conceals smoke.
تًصدَّرhe took the lead بالتقديمِthrough precedence كُلاًover everyone كمثلِjust like ماwhat
تًصدَّر بالتقديمِ كُلاً كمثلِ ما
تُصدِّرُhead أبوابَthe chapters الكِتابِof the book الفواتحُthe openings
تُصدِّرُ أبوابَ الكِتابِ الفواتحُ
He stood ahead of everyone, just as
His good character was obscured from spreading
opening passages head a book's chapters.
Can aromas and fragrance be hidden?
فأَثنso praise ولاand do not تنثنِdesist فيهِtoward him مَبَرَّةًin kindness
فأَثن ولا تنثنِ فيهِ مَبَرَّةً
فماfor no صالحٌrighteous man يأبىrefuses الثناpraise عنهُof him صالحُa righteous man
فما صالحٌ يأبى الثنا عنهُ صالحُ
So praise him, and do not shrink from honoring him;
Can the full moon and light be denied when they are evident?
no righteous man refuses praise to another righteous man.
Can the sun and illumination be rejected when apparent?
ذكاburned حاسدٌan envier منat نشرِthe spread معروفهِof his kindness وقدwhile indeed
ذكا حاسدٌ من نشرِ معروفهِ وقد
طَوَىfolded كَشحَهُhis flank منهُagainst him علىover النارِfire كاشحُa spiteful foe
طَوَى كَشحَهُ منهُ على النارِ كاشحُ
An envier burned at the spread of his kindness, while
A young man whose only profit is his work
a foe nursed fire against him beneath his ribs.
So he does not tire of it for it is profitable.
فأَتَّىso how (uncertain reading) تَوارَىcould be hidden نشرُthe diffusion طِيبِof fragrance صنيعِهِof his deeds
فأَتَّى تَوارَى نشرُ طِيبِ صنيعِهِ
وهلand can تختفيbe hidden الأَطيابُthe fragrances والعَرفُwhile the scent نافحُis wafting
وهل تختفي الأَطيابُ والعَرفُ نافحُ
How could the spreading scent of his good deeds be hidden?
A friend of love but he does not welcome
Can fragrances be concealed while their scent is wafting?
A friend of generosity, his hands extend to virtues.
وهلand can يُنكَرَنَّever be denied البدرُthe full moon والضوءُwhile the light شاهدٌbears witness
وهل يُنكَرَنَّ البدرُ والضوءُ شاهدٌ
وهلand can تُجحَدَنَّever be denied الشمسُthe sun والنُورُwhile the radiance لائِحُis manifest
وهل تُجحَدَنَّ الشمسُ والنُورُ لائِحُ
Can the full moon be denied while its light bears witness?
Traits like pearls, handsome and brilliant
Can the sun be denied while its radiance is manifest?
Without cheapening, they are blossoming and smiling.
فتىًa man لمnot يَخَلdeemed إلَّاanything except الصنيعةَbenefaction مَربَحاًa profit
فتىً لم يَخَل إلَّا الصنيعةَ مَربَحاً
فلمso not يَألُhe spared effort عنهاfor it فَهيَfor it is نِعمَexcellent المرابحُamong profits
فلم يَألُ عنها فَهيَ نِعمَ المرابحُ
A man who deemed nothing profitable save acts of kindness,
A nature like pure, delicate water
sparing no effort in them: excellent profits they are.
Remaining virtuous and generous throughout life.
غديقُabundant الحِباin gifts لكِنَّهُbut he لاnot مُرحِّبٌone who bids welcome
غديقُ الحِبا لكِنَّهُ لا مُرحِّبٌ
غديقُabundant الأَياديin benefactions للمكارمِfor noble deeds مائحُa water-drawer
غديقُ الأَيادي للمكارمِ مائحُ
Abundant in gifts, yet not one for words of welcome,
An exclusivist by nature for every virtue
abundant in benefactions, drawing noble bounty like water.
His vast excellence that glorifying poems praise.
خِلالٌvirtues كالإِغريضِlike palm-blossoms حُسناًin beauty ونَضرةًand freshness
خِلالٌ كالإِغريضِ حُسناً ونَضرةً
بغيرِwithout ابتِذالٍbeing cheapened وَهيَwhile they are طَلعٌpalm-blossoms وبالحُand date-bearing
بغيرِ ابتِذالٍ وَهيَ طَلعٌ وبالحُ
Virtues like palm-blossoms in beauty and freshness,
He confined himself to asceticism to preserve chastity
never cheapened, both blossoms and date-bearing growth.
His limbs emaciated and withered from it.
وطبعٌand a nature كماءِlike the water المُزنِof rain-clouds صَفواًin clarity ورِقَّةًand gentleness
وطبعٌ كماءِ المُزنِ صَفواً ورِقَّةً
مَدَىthroughout العُمرِlife بالإِحسانِin kindness وافٍfaithful وسانحُand forthcoming
مَدَى العُمرِ بالإِحسانِ وافٍ وسانحُ
And a nature like rain-cloud water in clarity and tenderness,
Of long hands and ample generosity, perfect
faithful and forthcoming in kindness throughout his life.
And in every measure straightforward and outweighing.
ومستأثرٌand uniquely endowed طبعاًby nature بكلِّwith every فضيلةٍvirtue
ومستأثرٌ طبعاً بكلِّ فضيلةٍ
لهُhe has سَعَةٌbreadth فُضلَىsurpassing بهاin it ومَنادِحُand ample spaces
لهُ سَعَةٌ فُضلَى بها ومَنادِحُ
By nature uniquely endowed with every virtue,
Trustworthy in keeping secrets, his tongue never
he had surpassing breadth and ample room for them.
Betrayed secrets, exposing and revealing.
أَضاقَhe tightened نِطاقَthe girdle النُسكِof asceticism حِفظاًfor preservation لِعفَّةٍof chastity
أَضاقَ نِطاقَ النُسكِ حِفظاً لِعفَّةٍ
جوارحُهُhis limbs منهاfrom it هِزالٌemaciated طِلائحُexhausted
جوارحُهُ منها هِزالٌ طِلائحُ
He drew asceticism's girdle tight to safeguard chastity,
As if his tongue follows his heart
till his limbs were lean and exhausted by it.
So no exposer, and no fault finder.
طويلُlong أَيادٍin benefactions وافرُabundant الجُودِin generosity كاملٌcomplete
طويلُ أَيادٍ وافرُ الجُودِ كاملٌ
وفيand in كلevery وزنٍmeasure مستقيمٌupright وراجحُand weighty
وفي كل وزنٍ مستقيمٌ وراجحُ
Long-handed in kindness, abundant in generosity, complete,
No betrayer of a covenant, and no violator of sanctity
and upright and weighty in every measure.
Of love, even if calamities shook him.
أمينٌtrustworthy علىin حِفظِguarding السرائِرِsecrets لمnot يكنthere was
أمينٌ على حِفظِ السرائِرِ لم يكن
بفيهِin his mouth لسانٌa tongue بالسرائِرِof secrets بائحُa divulger
بفيهِ لسانٌ بالسرائِرِ بائحُ
Trustworthy in guarding secrets, he never had
Alert of heart and sight, bold against evil,
a tongue in his mouth that divulged them.
Fleeing from evil, successful and succeeding.
كأَنَّas though وراءَbehind القلبِthe heart منهُof him لِسانَهُhis tongue
كأَنَّ وراءَ القلبِ منهُ لِسانَهُ
فلاso not كاشفٌone who reveals سِتراًa veil ولاand not هُوَhe قادحa slanderer
فلا كاشفٌ سِتراً ولا هُوَ قادح
It was as if his tongue lay behind his heart,
He attained success with his sound opinion, saved
so he neither lifted a veil nor uttered slander,
From the vengeance of enemies, delivered and successful.
ولاand not ناكثٌa breaker عهداًof a pledge ولاand not ناهكٌa violator حِمَىof the sanctuary
ولا ناكثٌ عهداً ولا ناهكٌ حِمَى
وِدادٍof friendship ولوeven if أَنthat طَوَّحَتهُtossed him about الطوائِحُthe calamities
وِدادٍ ولو أَن طَوَّحَتهُ الطوائِحُ
nor broke a pledge or violated the sanctuary
He repelled the arrow of despair with hopes
of friendship, even when calamities tossed him about.
And broke traps set up by misfortunes.
ومنتبهُand vigilant الطَرفَينِat both ends قلباًin heart وناظراًand eye
ومنتبهُ الطَرفَينِ قلباً وناظراً
علىtoward الخيرِgood مِقدامٌbold عنaway from الشرِّevil جانحُturning
على الخيرِ مِقدامٌ عن الشرِّ جانحُ
Alert at both ends—in heart and eye—
He considered enemies and the envious altogether
bold toward good, turning away from evil.
As predators frightened the heart of the innocent.
نجاhe escaped بنجيحthrough soundness الرأيِof judgment منfrom مقَتِصَthe snares (unclear form) العِدَىof enemies
نجا بنجيح الرأيِ من مقَتِصَ العِدَى
وأُنجِحَand was made successful سعياًin effort فَهوَso he is ناجٍsafe وناجحُand successful
وأُنجِحَ سعياً فَهوَ ناجٍ وناجحُ
Through sound judgment he escaped his enemies' snares,
A young man not bewildered by the covetous of blessings
and his efforts prospered: he was saved and successful.
As weeping did not bewilder the lion in its den.
وصَرَّدَand deflected سهمَthe arrow اليأسof despair رَغفُabundance (unclear form) رَجائهِof his hope
وصَرَّدَ سهمَ اليأس رَغفُ رَجائهِ
وكَسَّرَand shattered فَخّاًa trap هَيَّأَتهُprepared it الكواشحُthe spiteful foes
وكَسَّرَ فَخّاً هَيَّأَتهُ الكواشحُ
The fullness of his hope made despair's arrow miss,
Those present and absent eulogize him in poetry
and shattered a trap laid by spiteful foes.
And those who went and those to come weep for him.
وراعَand frightened الأَعاديthe enemies والحواسدَand the enviers جَمَّةًgreatly
وراعَ الأَعادي والحواسدَ جَمَّةً
كماjust as رَوَّعَتterrified قلبَthe heart البُغاثِof weak birds الجوارحُthe birds of prey
كما رَوَّعَت قلبَ البُغاثِ الجوارحُ
He greatly frightened enemies and enviers,
The depths of meanings mourn him eternally
as birds of prey terrify the hearts of weaker birds.
And its symbols that floated in them swimming.
فَتىًa man لمnot يهلهfrightened him نزغٌthe incitement حاسدِof an envier نعمةٍof a blessing
فَتىً لم يهله نزغٌ حاسدِ نعمةٍ
كماjust as لمnot تَهُلfrightened ليثَthe lion العرينِof the lair النوائِحُthe wailing women
كما لم تَهُل ليثَ العرينِ النوائِحُ
A man whom an envier's malicious incitement did not frighten,
If the mind hid in sorrow and agony
as wailing women do not frighten a lion in its lair.
It would clothe it in a garment of flaming passion.
فيرثيهِso elegize him بالأَشعارin verse بادٍa desert-dweller وحاضرٌand a townsman
فيرثيهِ بالأَشعار بادٍ وحاضرٌ
ويبكيهِand weep for him فيon الأَسفارِjourneys غادٍone going out ورائحُand one returning
ويبكيهِ في الأَسفارِ غادٍ ورائحُ
So dwellers of desert and town elegize him in verse,
His virtues elicited praise from us
and travelers, going and returning, weep for him on their journeys.
But our debt silenced our writings.
وتَنعاهُand mourn him أَعماقُthe depths المعانيof meanings علىthroughout المدىall time
وتَنعاهُ أَعماقُ المعاني على المدى
وراموزُهاand their symbolism ماas long as عامَswam فيهِنَّwithin them سابحُa swimmer
وراموزُها ما عامَ فيهِنَّ سابحُ
The depths of meanings mourn him for all time,
If effects mourning his loss persist
and their symbolism, as long as a swimmer swims within them.
It's no wonder if dirges for him persist.
ولوand even if أَنthat تَوارَىwas hidden الذِهنُthe mind منfrom جَزَعthe anguish الأَسَىof sorrow
ولو أَن تَوارَى الذِهنُ من جَزَع الأَسَى
لأَورَىwould surely kindle بهِfrom it زَندٌa fire-stick منfrom الوجدِgrief قادحُstriking sparks
لأَورَى بهِ زَندٌ من الوجدِ قادحُ
Even if the mind were hidden away by sorrow's anguish,
Every leaf of protectiveness for him in its own way
a fire-stick striking with grief would draw fire from it.
Wailing, elegizing, crying loudly.
قَدِindeed اقتَرَحَتcalled for مدحاًpraise عليناfrom us نِكاتُهُhis subtle points
قَدِ اقتَرَحَت مدحاً علينا نِكاتُهُ
فغِرناso we grew zealous لهُfor him لكنbut غَرَتناdeceived us القرائحُthe poetic faculties
فغِرنا لهُ لكن غَرَتنا القرائحُ
His subtle points called upon us to praise him;
May the Merciful cloak him in the shade of mercy
we grew zealous for him, but our poetic gifts deceived us.
And make his grave quench like abundant rain.
لَئنif indeed دامتِcontinued الآثارُthe works تَندُبُlamenting فَقدَهُhis loss
لَئن دامتِ الآثارُ تَندُبُ فَقدَهُ
فلاthen no غروwonder أنthat دامتcontinued عليهِfor him المنايِحُthe lamentations
فلا غرو أن دامت عليهِ المنايِحُ
If his works go on lamenting his loss,
Intercession was granted for him from us and he was granted
it is no wonder that lamentations for him endure.
Intercession from God, the All-Forgiving.
فوُرقُso the gray doves الحِمَىof the sanctuary كُلٌّall عليهِfor him بأَيكِهاin their groves
فوُرقُ الحِمَى كُلٌّ عليهِ بأَيكِها
نَعاءًannouncing death ونعتاًand describing نائحاتٌwailing صوادحُsinging aloud
نَعاءً ونعتاً نائحاتٌ صوادحُ
Thus all the gray doves of the sanctuary, in their groves,
wail and sing, announcing his death and recounting his virtues.
تَغمَّدهُmay He enfold him الرَحمنُthe Merciful فيin ظلِّthe shade رحمةٍof mercy
تَغمَّدهُ الرَحمنُ في ظلِّ رحمةٍ
وبلَّand may moisten ثَراهُhis grave's earth وابلُa downpour الغيثِof rain ناضحُpouring forth
وبلَّ ثَراهُ وابلُ الغيثِ ناضحُ
May the Merciful enfold him beneath the shade of mercy,
and may a pouring rain-shower moisten his grave's earth.
وجازَتand may be allowed لهُto him فيناfor us وحازَتand may obtain شَفاعةٌintercession
وجازَت لهُ فينا وحازَت شَفاعةٌ
منfrom اللَهGod حُسنَgraciousness الصفحِof pardon فاللَهُfor God صافحُis forgiving
من اللَه حُسنَ الصفحِ فاللَهُ صافحُ
May his intercession for us be accepted and win
gracious pardon from God, for God is forgiving.
Partial English translation: 166 of 172 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1