وماand what بَيضاa white one مُنعَّمةٌpampered
وما بَيضا مُنعَّمةٌ
أَسيلةُsmooth and slender صَفحةِsurface of الخدِّthe cheek
أَسيلةُ صَفحةِ الخدِّ
And what is this white, pampered one,
A white, smooth cheek
With a smooth, slender expanse of cheek?
A flowing stream of the face
لهاshe has طُولٌlength علىalongside عَرضٍbreadth
لها طُولٌ على عَرضٍ
وعُمقٌand depth مُوجَزُlimited البُعدِextent
وعُمقٌ مُوجَزُ البُعدِ
She has length as well as breadth,
With length in its width
And a depth of little extent.
And brief, condensed depth
تجوزُshe crosses البحرَthe sea ثمthen البَرthe land (continued)
تجوزُ البحرَ ثم البَر
رَcompletion of 'the land' صامتةًsilent وماand does not تُبدِيreveal
رَ صامتةً وما تُبدِي
She crosses the sea, then the land,
It crosses the sea, then the land
Silent, and revealing nothing.
Silent, revealing naught
تسيرُshe travels بغيرِwithout ماany (emphatic) قَدَمfoot
تسيرُ بغيرِ ما قَدَم
علىat مَهَلٍleisure وعنand in جِدِّearnestness
على مَهَلٍ وعن جِدِّ
She travels without any foot,
It moves without feet
At leisure, and in earnest.
At a slow pace, steadily
فراكبةٌso she rides ولمand has not تَركَبridden
فراكبةٌ ولم تَركَب
علىat; on خَبَبٍa trot ولاnor نَهدِa sturdy steed
على خَبَبٍ ولا نَهدِ
So she rides, yet has never ridden
Mounted, though not on a mount
At a trot or on a sturdy steed.
Nor breasts, nor hips
وتَطويand she folds away السِرَّthe secret بلrather تُطوَيshe is folded
وتَطوي السِرَّ بل تُطوَي
عليهِaround it طِيَّةَthe folding البُردِof a mantle
عليهِ طِيَّةَ البُردِ
And she folds away the secret—rather, is folded
It folds the secret, or is folded
Around it, as a mantle is folded.
In the fold of modesty
فتاةٌa maiden عِندَهاto her سِيَّاalike (continued)
فتاةٌ عِندَها سِيَّا
نِcompletion of 'alike' وصلُunion with الشِيبِgray-haired men والمُردِand beardless youths
نِ وصلُ الشِيبِ والمُردِ
A maiden to whom it is all the same:
A girl with her has gray hair
Union with gray-haired men or beardless youths.
And the return of youth
وتَطلُبُand she seeks وصلَunion with صاحبِهاher companion
وتَطلُبُ وصلَ صاحبِها
بلاwithout دَلٍّcoyness ولاnor صَدِّrebuff
بلا دَلٍّ ولا صَدِّ
And she seeks union with her companion,
She seeks to join her companion
Without coyness or rebuff.
With no guide, untraced
وماand how أَحلَىsweet زِيارَتَهاher visit
وما أَحلَى زِيارَتَها
إذاwhen جاءَتshe comes بلاwithout وعدan appointment
إذا جاءَت بلا وعد
And how sweet her visit is
How sweet is her visit
When she comes without an appointment.
When she comes unpromised
وَقاحٌshameless ذاتُpossessing وجهينِtwo faces
وَقاحٌ ذاتُ وجهينِ
اسرَّتهنَّtheir facial lines لاdo not تنديgrow moist
اسرَّتهنَّ لا تندي
Shameless, with two faces,
Shameless, a two-faced one
Their facial lines never grow moist.
She hid them, did not show
فتُلفَىso she is found ثَيِّباًa nonvirgin woman طوراًat times
فتُلفَى ثَيِّباً طوراً
يَطاهاtreads upon her كلُّevery مستعدِready person
يَطاها كلُّ مستعدِ
At times she is found no longer a virgin,
She is found to be previously married at times
Every ready man treads upon her.
That every eager one visits her
وتُلفَىand she is found تارةًat another time بِكراًa virgin
وتُلفَى تارةً بِكراً
مُحجَّبةًveiled بلاwithout بُدِّan alternative
مُحجَّبةً بلا بُدِّ
And at other times she is found a virgin,
And at times she is found a virgin
Veiled, with no alternative.
Veiled, with no defect
وقدand may تَنشُزُshe grows defiant أحياناًsometimes
وقد تَنشُزُ أحياناً
نُشوزَthe recoil البِكرof a virgin منfrom وغدِa base man
نُشوزَ البِكر من وغدِ
And sometimes she grows defiant,
And she may sometimes revolt
As a virgin recoils from a base man.
With the revolt of an obstinate virgin
وتأرَنُand she grows frisky بعضَsome أوقاتٍtimes
وتأرَنُ بعضَ أوقاتٍ
فماso she does not تنقادُyield بالجُهدِdespite effort
فما تنقادُ بالجُهدِ
And at certain times she grows frisky,
And she may occasionally flirt
So she will not yield, despite effort.
Not to be controlled with effort
ولكنand yet قدmay تَذِلُّshe becomes meek إذاwhen
ولكن قد تَذِلُّ إذا
أتاهاcomes to her راحضُperspiring اليدِof hand
أتاها راحضُ اليدِ
But she may become meek when
But she may become submissive
A man with a sweaty hand approaches her.
If a rough hand comes to her
إذاwhen رُضَّتshe is pounded وهِينَand contempt is shown بهاtoward her
إذا رُضَّت وهِينَ بها
أتتshe appears فيin حُسنِهاher beauty الفرديmatchless
أتت في حُسنِها الفردي
When she is pounded and treated with contempt,
If pleased and she is coerced
She appears in her matchless beauty.
She comes in her unique beauty
وتَبسِمُand she smiles عنwith رِضىًcontentment إِمَّاwhenever
وتَبسِمُ عن رِضىً إِمَّا
دَهَتهاassails her قَسوةُharshness الزَندِof the forearm
دَهَتها قَسوةُ الزَندِ
And smiles contentedly whenever
And smiles with satisfaction
The forearm's harshness assails her.
Whether hardened by cruelty
ولوand if عَلِمَتshe knew بهِof it سَئِمَتshe would weary
ولو عَلِمَت بهِ سَئِمَت
تَواليthe succession of الاخذِtaking والردِّand returning
تَوالي الاخذِ والردِّ
And if she knew of it, she would tire of
She has the softness of physique
Repeated taking and returning.
So her breasts did not slope
يقومُstands بحِفظِهاto protect her خَتمٌa seal
يقومُ بحِفظِها خَتمٌ
ولوand even if سارَتshe travels إلىto الهِندِIndia
ولو سارَت إلى الهِندِ
A seal stands guard over her,
When the youthful breeze blew
Even if she travels to India.
When she whimpers she gives
فلمso she has not تُطمِعgiven hope بهاof obtaining her نَذلاًa base man
فلم تُطمِع بها نَذلاً
بوصلٍof union قائلاًsaying عِنديwith me
بوصلٍ قائلاً عِندي
So she has not enticed a base man
Exhausting the bearer of burdens
With union, so he might say, 'She is with me.'
And she panics for no other fear
ولمand has not يَفضُضbroken open لهاof hers ختماًa seal
ولم يَفضُض لها ختماً
سِوَىexcept المُتَجاوزِone who oversteps الحَدِّthe bounds
سِوَى المُتَجاوزِ الحَدِّ
Nor has anyone broken a seal of hers,
So she makes a sound like thunder
Except one who oversteps the bounds.
She shakes as tree branches
حَوَتshe possesses لِينَsuppleness of القَوامِform فَقَدso indeed
حَوَت لِينَ القَوامِ فَقَد
تميسُshe sways بنَضرةِwith the freshness of القَدِّthe figure
تميسُ بنَضرةِ القَدِّ
She has suppleness of form, and so
Indeed, she trembles like lightning
Sways with the freshness of her figure.
She flutters like flags
لهاshe has طيشٌflightiness فماso she does not نَهداunclear; perhaps 'settles'
لها طيشٌ فما نَهدا
إذاwhen هَبَّتblows صَباthe east wind of نَجدِNajd
إذا هَبَّت صَبا نَجدِ
She is flighty, and never [settles],
With no emblem or ties
When the east wind of Najd blows.
Patient, she has not complained
إذاwhen ماan emphatic particle رَنَّحَتshe sways أعطاlimbs (continued)
إذا ما رَنَّحَت أعطا
فَهاcompletion of 'her limbs' أَزرَتputs to shame علىin comparison with المُلدِthe supple ones
فَها أَزرَت على المُلدِ
When she sways her limbs,
Of heat or cold
She puts the supple ones to shame.
She became a horse-testing field
وتَفرَقُand she takes fright منfrom سِوَىother than خَوفٍfear
وتَفرَقُ من سِوَى خَوفٍ
فتُبدِيso she gives forth الصَوتَa sound كالرعدِlike thunder
فتُبدِي الصَوتَ كالرعدِ
And she takes fright, though not from fear,
For a single, unique rider
And gives forth a sound like thunder.
How many she has killed, and how many she has repelled
وتَهتَزُّand she shakes كماlike الأَغصاthe branches (continued)
وتَهتَزُّ كما الأَغصا
نِcompletion of 'the branches' بلrather تَرجُفُshe trembles كالسعدِlike sedge
نِ بل تَرجُفُ كالسعدِ
And shakes like branches—
Without a sword or limit
Rather, she trembles like sedge.
How many a young man she has
وتَخفُقُand she flutters مثلَlike راياتٍbanners
وتَخفُقُ مثلَ راياتٍ
بلاwithout عَلَمٍan emblem ولاnor بَندِa standard
بلا عَلَمٍ ولا بَندِ
And flutters like banners,
Tasted the Indian sword’s blade
Without emblem or standard.
How much sorrow she has relieved
صَبُورٌpatient ماnever شَكَتshe complained إِيلاpain (continued)
صَبُورٌ ما شَكَت إِيلا
مَcompletion of 'pain' حَرٍّheat لاno ولاnor بَردِcold
مَ حَرٍّ لا ولا بَردِ
Patient, she has never complained of pain
And terminated endless worries
From heat—no, nor from cold.
How much good news she has announced
غَدَتshe has become مَيدانَan arena for افراسٍhorses
غَدَت مَيدانَ افراسٍ
ثُلاثَthree لراكبٍfor a rider فردِsingle
ثُلاثَ لراكبٍ فردِ
She has become an arena for horses:
Elated with thanks and praise
Three, for a single rider.
Through her are misfortunes and bounties
فكمso how many قَتَلَتshe has killed وكمand how many أَردَتshe has laid low
فكم قَتَلَت وكم أَردَت
بلاwithout سيفٍa sword ولاnor حَدِّa cutting edge
بلا سيفٍ ولا حَدِّ
How many she has killed, how many laid low,
Seen by the unlucky and lucky
Without sword or cutting edge!
So she speaks, though she has no
وكمand how many منهاbecause of her فتىًa youth قدindeed ذاtasted (continued)
وكم منها فتىً قد ذا
قَcompletion of 'tasted' طَعمَthe taste of الصَارمِthe keen sword الهِنديIndian
قَ طَعمَ الصَارمِ الهِندي
And how many a youth, because of her, has tasted
Tongue, O brotherly love
The taste of a keen Indian sword.
And she keeps the covenant of God
وكمand how often قدindeed فَرَّجَتshe dispelled غمّاًsorrow
وكم قد فَرَّجَت غمّاً
وانفتand banished (reading uncertain) همَّthe care of ذيone with سُهدِsleeplessness
وانفت همَّ ذي سُهدِ
And how often she has dispelled sorrow,
Before and after
And [banished] the care of a sleepless one.
And the faithless look upon her
وكمand how often قدindeed أَعلَنَتshe proclaimed بِشراًjoy
وكم قد أَعلَنَت بِشراً
سَماsoared بالشُكرِwith thanks والحمدِand praise
سَما بالشُكرِ والحمدِ
And how often she has proclaimed joy
With no religion, honor, or vow
That soared with thanks and praise.
She is sent, she has triumphed
بهاin her البأساءُadversity والنُعمَىand blessing
بها البأساءُ والنُعمَى
تُرَىare seen للنَحسِfor ill fortune والسعدِand good fortune
تُرَى للنَحسِ والسعدِ
In her, adversity and blessing
Over the untamed, shaggy one
Are seen, for ill fortune and good.
A messenger, a warner of God
فناطقةٌso she speaks وليسَand there is no لَهاfor her
فناطقةٌ وليسَ لَها
لِسانٌa tongue ياO اخاbrother of الوُدِّaffection
لِسانٌ يا اخا الوُدِّ
So she speaks, yet has no
How many she has guided and guides
Tongue, O brother in affection.
She contains all knowledge yet
وحافظةٌand she keeps لعهدِthe covenant of اللَهِGod
وحافظةٌ لعهدِ اللَهِ
منfrom قبلٍbefore ومنand from بعدِafter
من قبلٍ ومن بعدِ
And she keeps God's covenant,
Has no mind to seek guidance
Before and after alike.
And she has two opposites
وتنظرُهاand you see her بلاwithout دِينٍreligion
وتنظرُها بلا دِينٍ
ولاnor عِرضٍhonor ولاnor عهدِa covenant
ولا عِرضٍ ولا عهدِ
Yet you see her without religion,
Which of them will destroy her
Or honor, or covenant.
They are passions and light
ومُرسَلةٌand sent forth لقدindeed تاحتunclear; perhaps 'vaunted herself'
ومُرسَلةٌ لقد تاحت
علىabove المُسترسلِthe straight-haired الجَعدِthe curly-haired
على المُسترسلِ الجَعدِ
And, sent forth, she has [vaunted herself]
So understand my purpose, O youth
Above the straight-haired and the curly-haired.
The world will not suffice without her
رَسُولٌa messenger مُنذِرٌwarning باللَهِin God's name
رَسُولٌ مُنذِرٌ باللَهِ
كمhow often أَهدَتshe has guided وكمand how often تَهدِيshe guides
كم أَهدَت وكم تَهدِي
A messenger, warning in God's name,
Except in the eternal Paradise
How often she has guided, and still guides!
حَوَتshe contains كلَّall العلومِthe sciences وماand not
حَوَت كلَّ العلومِ وما
لَهاshe has عقلٌa mind فيستهديso it seeks guidance
لَها عقلٌ فيستهدي
She contains all the sciences, yet
Has no mind by which to seek guidance.
وضدَّينِand two opposites لهاagainst her ضدَّاtwo foes (continued)
وضدَّينِ لها ضدَّا
نِcompletion of 'two foes' ايُّهماeither of them لهاto her يُردِيbrings ruin
نِ ايُّهما لها يُردِي
And two opposites are her two foes:
Either one brings her ruin.
هماthey are الأَمواهُthe waters والنِيراand the fires (continued)
هما الأَمواهُ والنِيرا
نُcompletion of 'the fires' فافهَمso understand ياO فَتَىyoung man قصديmy meaning
نُ فافهَم يا فَتَى قصدي
They are water and fire;
So understand my meaning, young man.
ولنand never will تَغنَىbe independent الوَرَىhumankind عنهاof her
ولن تَغنَى الوَرَى عنها
سِوَىexcept فيin جَنَّةthe Garden of الخُلدِEternity
سِوَى في جَنَّة الخُلدِ
And humankind will never do without her,
Save in the Garden of Eternity.
Partial English translation: 77 of 86 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1