هبّتblew الصباthe east wind فصباand he yearned
هبّت الصبا فصبا
لاno جناحblame لاno عتباreproach
لا جناح لا عتبا
The east wind blew, and he yearned.
The breeze blew, so it blew
No blame, no reproach.
With no wings, no blame
خطرتwafted past النسيمthe breeze غدتbecame
خطرت النسيم غدت
للصبابةfor passionate longing السبباthe cause
للصبابة السببا
The breeze drifted past and became
The gentle wind moved
the cause of longing.
Becoming a reason for youth
ماhow أرقdelicate خطرتهits passing
ما أرق خطرته
كهرباamber بهاby it انجذباhe was drawn
كهربا بها انجذبا
How delicate its passing!
How gentle its movement was
He was drawn by it, as by amber.
Like a live wire attracted
ألقحsowed الهواءthe air هوىlove
ألقح الهواء هوى
فيin النفوسsouls واعجباand how wondrous!
في النفوس واعجبا
The air sowed love
The air fell in love
in souls—how wondrous!
Fascinating the souls
لاno عذولreprover يعذلنيreproaches me
لا عذول يعذلني
فيfor الهوىlove ولاnor رقباwatchers
في الهوى ولا رقبا
No reprover reproaches me
No denial denies me
for love, nor do watchers.
In love, nor a neck
شبflared up فيin الحشاthe innermost heart لفحa searing heat
شب في الحشا لفح
منهfrom it شدintensely ماhow التهباit blazed
منه شد ما التهبا
A searing heat flared in my heart;
It lit in the darkness a flame
from it—how fiercely it blazed!
From it, what was ignited burned
لاnot أقولI say عذبنيit tormented me
لا أقول عذبني
بلrather أقولI say قدindeed عذباit became sweet
بل أقول قد عذبا
I do not say, ‘It tormented me’;
I do not say it sweetened me
rather I say, ‘It has grown sweet.’
Rather, I say it made sweet
طابgrew pleasant ليto me بهthrough it أرجa fragrance
طاب لي به أرج
بينamong سببpaths وربىand hillocks
بين سبب وربى
Through it, fragrance grew sweet to me
Its scent was good to me
among paths and hills.
Between reason and nurture
رحتI went فيthrough مجاهلهاtheir trackless reaches
رحت في مجاهلها
سالكاtraversing لهاthrough them حدباrising ground
سالكا لها حدبا
I went through their trackless reaches,
I walked in its ignorance
traversing their rising ground.
Traversing it, a hill
قامstood فوقupon أيكتهits thicket الthe
قام فوق أيكته ال
عندليبnightingale منتصباupright
عندليب منتصبا
Upon its thicket stood the
Above its cliffs, a
nightingale, upright.
Nightingale standing erect
رقfelt compassion ليfor me فشنفand delighted the ears of بالشwith the song (continued)
رق لي فشنف بالش
دوcompletion of ‘song’ جارهits neighbor الجنباdistant
دو جاره الجنبا
It took pity on me and delighted, with its
It softened to me, so I sang with joy
song, its distant neighbor.
Its neighbor, the side
بينماwhile أناI ثملwas drunk
بينما أنا ثمل
منتشintoxicated بهby it طرباwith delight
منتش به طربا
While I was drunk,
While I was intoxicated
intoxicated by it with delight,
Reveling in it happily
غذwhen (apparently intended) تسربتslipped past قطعherds
غذ تسربت قطع
منof شواردwanderers لظباamong gazelles
من شوارد لظبا
suddenly there slipped by herds
Some gazelles passed by
of wandering gazelles.
One after another, gracefully
تذرعpace across الفلاةthe wilderness خطىstrides
تذرع الفلاة خطى
تلوfollowing بعضهاone another خبباat a trot
تلو بعضها خببا
Their strides paced out the wilderness,
The wilderness clothed itself
one after another, at a trot.
Spreading out playfully
تملأfill الفضاءthe open air مرحاwith merriment
تملأ الفضاء مرحا
تبسطspread الشجىmelancholy لعباin play
تبسط الشجى لعبا
They filled the open air with merriment,
It embroidered lines
spreading melancholy through their play.
Adorning them with gems
دبجتthey embroidered خطوطlines خطىof footsteps
دبجت خطوط خطى
طرزّتthey patterned بهاwith them الكثباthe dunes
طرزّت بها الكثبا
They embroidered lines of footprints,
The noble one made them jewelry
with which they patterned the dunes.
Golden, handcrafted
صاغهاfashioned them الأصيلthe late afternoon حلىinto ornaments
صاغها الأصيل حلى
عسجديّةgolden ذهباgold
عسجديّة ذهبا
The late-afternoon light fashioned them into ornaments,
Above every turn
golden, wrought of gold.
A cup, overflowing
فوقover كلevery منعطفbend
فوق كل منعطف
كأسa cup قرقفof wine سكباit poured
كأس قرقف سكبا
Over every bend
The gazelle fell into
it poured a cup of wine.
The refuge of the gazelles, fleeing
أهوتplunged الغزالةthe gazelle, figuratively the sun فيinto
أهوت الغزالة في
مكنسa covert الظباof gazelles هرباfleeing
مكنس الظبا هربا
The sun-gazelle plunged into
A river, unveiling the veils
the gazelles’ covert, fleeing.
Shone towards its sunset
لاحappeared نحوtoward مغربهاits setting-place
لاح نحو مغربها
نيرٌa luminary جلاswept aside الحجباthe veils
نيرٌ جلا الحجبا
Toward its setting-place appeared
I said hello to it
a luminary that swept the veils aside.
Good fortune has come near
قلتI said مرحباwelcome بهلاto the crescent (continued)
قلت مرحبا بهلا
لcompletion of ‘crescent’ السعادةof happiness اقترباit drew near
ل السعادة اقتربا
I said, ‘Welcome to the crescent
Opening the sanctuary
of happiness, now drawing near!’
Of the best you will see in time
فاتحushering in المحرمMuharram منamong
فاتح المحرم من
خيرthe best ماwhat ترىyou see حقباages
خير ما ترى حقبا
Ushering in Muharram, among
So it is right, when
the finest times you may witness.
Our leader deserved wishes
فالأحقthus the most deserving حينئذthen
فالأحق حينئذ
بالهناءof congratulations إذsince وجباthey became due
بالهناء إذ وجبا
Thus the one most deserving then
The most generous of people, noble
of congratulations, since they were due,
He whose manners have risen
الأميرthe emir ناصرناour champion
الأمير ناصرنا
أكرمthe noblest الورىof humankind حسباin ancestral honor
أكرم الورى حسبا
is the emir, our champion,
Literarily, to the position of literature
the noblest of humankind in honor.
My words shine with him
منhe who لهfor him ارتقىrose أدبيmy literary art
من له ارتقى أدبي
فيupon منصّةthe dais الأدباof men of letters
في منصّة الأدبا
He for whom my verse has risen
Like shooting stars in his sky
to the dais of men of letters.
Intoxicated is my pen
أشرقتshone forth بهthrough him كلميmy words
أشرقت به كلمي
منfrom سمائهhis sky شهباshooting stars
من سمائه شهبا
Through him my words shone
That has long been dry
from his sky, like shooting stars.
Ask his pulpits
أسكرintoxicated النهىminds قلميmy pen
أسكر النهى قلمي
جيرindeed طالماhow often خلباit enchanted
جير طالما خلبا
My pen intoxicated minds;
He is the most eloquent speaker
indeed, how often it has enchanted!
You who asked, you will find
إيهgo on! سلask منابرهits pulpits
إيه سل منابره
فهوfor it is أخطبthe most eloquent الخطباof orators
فهو أخطب الخطبا
Ah, ask its pulpits,
Signs that he wrote
for it is the most eloquent of orators.
None complained of
أيهاwhichever of them سألتyou ask تجدyou find
أيها سألت تجد
آيهاtheir verses التيwhich كتباit wrote
آيها التي كتبا
Whichever of them you ask, you will find
Illness, nor fatigue
their verses, which it wrote.
You will not find in his poetry
ماnot اشتكىcomplained القريضpoetry بهthrough it
ما اشتكى القريض به
علّةan ailment ولاnor نصباfatigue
علّة ولا نصبا
Through it, verse has never complained of
Deviation or breach
sickness or fatigue.
Seeing good where
لمdid not تجدهyou find it فيin سببa sabab, a two-letter metrical unit
لم تجده في سبب
للزحافof a zihaf, a metrical alteration مرتكباcommitting
للزحاف مرتكبا
You never found it, in a metrical sabab,
It is not avoided
committing a zihaf alteration.
Sometimes diving smoothly
فيin الذيthat which يرىit considers حسناbeautiful
في الذي يرى حسنا
لاnot تراهyou see it مجتنباturning away
لا تراه مجتنبا
In what it considers beautiful,
Other times, concise
you never see it turn away.
When the meter was hard
غاصplunged فيهinto it منسرحاin the Munsarih meter
غاص فيه منسرحا
تارةat times ومقتضباand in the Muqtadab meter
تارة ومقتضبا
It plunged into it in Munsarih,
Prosodically, and difficult
at times, and in Muqtadab,
So our leader combined
حيثsince قلbecame rare وزنهماtheir two meters
حيث قل وزنهما
فيin العروضprosody مذsince صعباthey proved difficult
في العروض مذ صعبا
for both their meters are rare
The mighty, sought
in prosody, having proved difficult.
His voice mounted
فامتحدتso I praised سيدناour lord
فامتحدت سيدنا
بالأعزwith the hardest to attain مطلباas a pursuit
بالأعز مطلبا
So I praised our lord
The most powerful, victorious
with what is hardest to attain.
O leader, you lived
وامتطيتand I mounted صوتهاits voice
وامتطيت صوتها
إيهgo on! عزwas mighty منwhoever غلباprevailed
إيه عز من غلبا
And I mounted its voice—
A reason for guidance
ah, mighty is he who prevails!
None complained of
إيهgo on! عشتmay you live ياO ملكking
إيه عشت يا ملك
كانwas للهدىof guidance سبباa cause
كان للهدى سببا
Ah, long may you live, O king,
Hardship, or misfortune
who has been a source of guidance!
In loyalty to him, the most caring
ماnot اشتكىsuffered بهthrough him أحدanyone
ما اشتكى به أحد
شقةhardship ولاnor وصباsickness
شقة ولا وصبا
No one has suffered through him
What an excellent caring one
hardship or sickness.
Do not extend from him
فيin الوفاfaithfulness لهhe has أربa desire
في الوفا له أرب
ماhow أجلهnoble it is أرباas a desire
ما أجله أربا
His desire lies in faithfulness—
A hand without love between us
how noble a desire it is!
He is the essence of
لاnot تمدis extended منهfrom him يدa hand
لا تمد منه يد
بينناamong us بغيرwithout حباgifts
بيننا بغير حبا
No hand of his reaches out
His blessed house
among us without gifts.
His eloquent speech
إنهhe is الخلاصةthe choicest essence منof
إنه الخلاصة من
آلthe family of بيتهhis house النقباthe chiefs
آل بيته النقبا
He is the finest essence of
How many minds did it capture
the chiefs of his own house.
Do not think it
سلسبيلSalsabil, a heavenly spring منطقهhis speech
سلسبيل منطقه
كمhow many بهwith it العقولminds سبىhe captured
كم به العقول سبى
His speech is Salsabil;
Of reconciliation or confrontation
how many minds he has captured with it!
Where is the forbearance, more forbearing than
لاnot الشمولwine تحسبهyou reckon it
لا الشمول تحسبه
فin (apparently split) يالصفاthe clarity (following the split preposition) ولاnor الضرباhoney
ف يالصفا ولا الضربا
Do not take it for wine
His forbearance, if reckoned
in its clarity, nor for honey.
The hearts' owner, with what
اينwhere حلمthe forbearance of أحنفAhnaf منcompared with
اين حلم أحنف من
حلمهhis forbearance إذاwhen حسباthe two are reckoned
حلمه إذا حسبا
Where is Ahnaf’s forbearance beside
He endowed him, and granted
his, when the two are weighed?
We are all his sons, so we
مالكpossessor of القلوبhearts بماthrough what
مالك القلوب بما
خصهdistinguished him وماand what وهباhe bestowed
خصه وما وهبا
He owns hearts through what
Do not hope for anyone but him as a father
sets him apart and what he bestows.
The adornment of life, so say
كلناall of us البنونthe sons فلاand so not
كلنا البنون فلا
نرتجيwe hope for سواهother than him اباa father
نرتجي سواه ابا
We are all his sons, and so
It is nothing without him
we seek no father but him.
God protected it through him
زينةthe adornment of الحياةlife فقلso say
زينة الحياة فقل
لاmay not عدمتهاyou lack it نسباin lineage
لا عدمتها نسبا
Life’s adornment—then say:
The best gain
‘May you never lack it in your lineage.’
Lasting for leadership, what
صانهاpreserved it الإلهGod بهthrough him
صانها الإله به
فهيand so it is خيرthe best ماwhat اكتسباhe acquired
فهي خير ما اكتسبا
God has preserved it through him,
Pleased it, it desired
and it is the best thing he has gained.
Awaits the Guardian, vigilantly
دامmay he endure للإبالةin governance ماas long as
دام للإبالة ما
فيin صلاحهاits welfare رغباhe desired
في صلاحها رغبا
May he endure in governance, as long as
In the ruling
he desires its welfare.
He chose him, the One
باتhe remained للمهيمنfor the Almighty فيamong الحاthe rulers (continued)
بات للمهيمن في الحا
كمينcompletion of ‘rulers’ مرتقباwatchful
كمين مرتقبا
He remained, for the Almighty, among the
Of Majesty, and selected
rulers, watchful.
So the crescent smiles
اصطفىchose لهfor him سنةa year
اصطفى له سنة
ذوthe possessor of الجلالmajesty وانتخباand selected it
ذو الجلال وانتخبا
For him a year was chosen
Riding the clouds
by the Lord of Majesty, who singled it out.
It came to give us good news
فالهلالso the crescent مبتسمis smiling
فالهلال مبتسم
يمتطيrides بهاwith her السحباthe clouds
يمتطي بها السحبا
So the crescent smiles,
Where our fortune caught up
riding the clouds with her.
Congratulations on its rising
أقبلتshe came تبشرناbringing us glad tidings
أقبلت تبشرنا
حيثwhere حظناour good fortune ولباentered
حيث حظنا ولبا
She came to bring us glad tidings
Joy with it is vast
where our good fortune made its entrance.
We are all humbled by it
حيتshe greeted الأميرthe emir بماwith what
حيت الأمير بما
يبتغيهhe seeks it مطلباas an aim
يبتغيه مطلبا
She greeted the emir with what
Drinking its pure water
he seeks as his goal.
Peace accompanies it
مرحباwelcome بطلعتهاto her appearance
مرحبا بطلعتها
فالهناand so happiness بهاthrough her رحباgrew spacious
فالهنا بها رحبا
Welcome to her appearance!
Always accompanying
For joy has spread wide through her.
And happiness leads it
كلناall of us بهاin her جذلjoyful
كلنا بها جذل
نخبa toast صفوهاher serenity شرباdrinking
نخب صفوها شربا
We all rejoice in her,
Trailing behind it
drinking a toast to her serenity.
And the King, our leader
السلامpeace يصحبهاaccompanies her
السلام يصحبها
لنwill not يزالcease مصطحباaccompanying her
لن يزال مصطحبا
Peace accompanies her;
Desired accepting it
it will never cease accompanying her.
Tunisia dates it
والسرورand joy رائدهاher guide
والسرور رائدها
ضمنwithin ذيلهاher train انسحباtrailed along
ضمن ذيلها انسحبا
And joy is her guide,
So may he live its right
trailing along within her train.
والمليكand the king سيدناour lord
والمليك سيدنا
فيin قبولهاreceiving her رغباhe was eager
في قبولها رغبا
And the king, our lord,
was eager to receive her.
تونسTunis تؤرخهاrecords her date
تونس تؤرخها
فليعشso may he live لهاfor her حقهاher due
فليعش لها حقها
Tunis records her date:
‘So may he live for her, as is her due.’
Partial English translation: 115 of 120 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1