أهفوI yearn لعُلويِّfor the upland الرياحwinds إذاwhen جَرتْthey blow
أهفو لعُلويِّ الرياح إذا جَرتْ
وأظنُّand I imagine رامةَRamah كلَّevery دارٍdwelling أقفرتْthat became deserted
وأظنُّ رامةَ كلَّ دارٍ أقفرتْ
I yearn for the upland winds whenever they blow,
I am awed by the lofty winds when they blow,
and imagine every deserted dwelling to be Ramah.
And I think the homes of people are desolate when abandoned.
ويشوقُنيand awakens my longing روضُthe meadow الحمىof the protected grounds متنفِّساًbreathing forth
ويشوقُني روضُ الحمى متنفِّساً
يَصفُportraying الترائبَbosoms والبروقَand lightning إذاwhen جَرتْthey course
يَصفُ الترائبَ والبروقَ إذا جَرتْ
The meadow of the protected grounds awakens my longing, breathing forth,
And I yearn for the garden's meadow as a respite,
portraying bosoms and lightning as they course,
Describing the caravans and lightning when they pass.
متعلِّلاتٍoffering consolation بعدَafter طارقِةِthe night visitation النوَىof separation
متعلِّلاتٍ بعدَ طارقِةِ النوَى
أوwhether أبرأتthey cured داءَthe sickness الجوىof love's anguish أوor علَّلتْsoothed
أو أبرأت داءَ الجوى أو علَّلتْ
offering consolation after separation's night visitation,
Excusing those who came late after staying up all night,
whether they cure love's anguish or merely soothe it.
Whether they were healed of lovesickness or became lovesick.
ياO دِينَrequital قلبٍof a heart منfrom لياليthe nights حاجرٍof Hajir
يا دِينَ قلبٍ من ليالي حاجرٍ
مَكَرتْthey deceived بهit فقضتْthen destroyed عليهِit وانقضَتْand passed away
مَكَرتْ به فقضتْ عليهِ وانقضَتْ
O the reckoning a heart receives from the nights of Hajir!
O heart consumed by long, sleepless nights,
They deceived it, dealt it death, and passed away.
Which toyed with it, then finished it off.
ومَضاجعٍand resting places بالنَّعْفِat al-Naʿf باتit spent the night يعدُّهاcounting them
ومَضاجعٍ بالنَّعْفِ بات يعدُّها
غُنماًas gain وأصبحand by morning ودُّهits wish لوif only لمnot يبتْit had stayed
غُنماً وأصبح ودُّه لو لم يبتْ
And resting places at al-Naʿf, which it spent the night counting
And beds that one counts as sheep when going to sleep,
as gain—by morning it wished it had never stayed.
Yet wakes finding his love for them would be better had he not slept.
ومليحةٍand a lovely woman لوif أنصفتْit had judged fairly عينُthe eye المهاof the oryx
ومليحةٍ لو أنصفتْ عينُ المها
فin (damaged text) الحسنbeauty ماnot ثَنَتِwould it have turned الصليفَthe side of the neck ولاnor رنتْgazed
ف الحسن ما ثَنَتِ الصليفَ ولا رنتْ
And a lovely woman: had the oryx's eye been fair
And a gorgeous one, had the eyes of beholders done her beauty justice,
in judging beauty, it would neither have turned its neck nor gazed.
Her charm would not have bent nor rung.
بيضاءَa fair woman منfrom كلَلِthe canopies الخدورof secluded chambers وربّماand sometimes
بيضاءَ من كلَلِ الخدور وربّما
ذُكرتِwas mentioned بداوةُthe desert life قومِهاof her people فتسهَّمتْso she frowned
ذُكرتِ بداوةُ قومِها فتسهَّمتْ
A fair woman from the canopies of secluded chambers; yet sometimes
White like a new moon, sometimes
her people's desert life was mentioned, and she frowned.
Her shyness is mentioned, so she frowns.
أخذَتْshe took وأعطتْand gave منfrom ضياءthe radiance الشمسof the sun ماas احdecreed (word opening)
أخذَتْ وأعطتْ من ضياء الشمس ما اح
تكمتdecreed (word ending) فجمَّعتِso she gathered الجمالَbeauty ووفَّرتْand made it abundant
تكمت فجمَّعتِ الجمالَ ووفَّرتْ
She took and gave of the sun's radiance as she
She took and gave from the sun’s radiance what adorned,
decreed, gathering beauty and making it abundant.
She perfected, collecting beauty and excelling.
وكأنماand as though وَلِيَتْoversaw خَطائطَthe outlines وجهِهاof her face
وكأنما وَلِيَتْ خَطائطَ وجهِها
يدُهاher hand فجاءتْso she attained فيin الكمالِperfection كاas (damaged text) اشتَهتْshe desired
يدُها فجاءتْ في الكمالِ كا اشتَهتْ
As though the outlines of her face were overseen by
It is as if her hands had traced the lines of her face,
her own hand, she attained perfection as she desired.
So it came out perfectly as she wished.
ملكتshe held sway علىover باناتِthe ban-trees جَوٍّof Jaww أمرَهاher dominion
ملكت على باناتِ جَوٍّ أمرَها
فلهاso hers is الأمارةُsovereignty ماwhenever استقامتْshe stood upright وانثنَتْand bent
فلها الأمارةُ ما استقامتْ وانثنَتْ
She held dominion over the ban-trees of Jaww;
She ruled the gazes focused on her,
hers is sovereignty whenever she stands upright or bends.
So she is the commander if she stands straight or leans.
فإذاso when أرادتْshe wished بالقضيبِupon the slender branch مَسَاؤةًharm
فإذا أرادتْ بالقضيبِ مَسَاؤةً
وتنقَّمتْand avenged جُرماًan offense عليهupon it تأوَّدتْshe swayed
وتنقَّمتْ جُرماً عليه تأوَّدتْ
Whenever she wishes the slender branch ill
When she wants to punish with her wand,
and seeks vengeance upon it for an offense, she sways.
And is angry at an offense, she pretends affection.
سنحتْshe appeared لناto us دونon this side of الغديرthe pool فماso not سَقَىdid it quench thirst
سنحتْ لنا دون الغدير فما سَقَى
صفوُthe clarity الغديرof the pool وعذبهُand its sweetness مَنْthose whom أعطشَتْshe made thirsty
صفوُ الغدير وعذبهُ مَنْ أعطشَتْ
She appeared to us on this side of the pool; it could not quench
She leaned toward us, shorter than the pool, yet
with its clear, sweet water those she made thirsty.
The pool’s fresh cool water does not quench like she who thirsts.
ورَمتْand she shot فَلَولاso were it not أنهاthat she is ثُعَلِيَّةٌa woman of Thuʿal
ورَمتْ فَلَولا أنها ثُعَلِيَّةٌ
قُلناwe would have said رأتshe saw ثُعَلاًThuʿal رَمىshoot فتعلَّمتْso she learned
قُلنا رأت ثُعَلاً رَمى فتعلَّمتْ
She shot; had she not been a woman of Thuʿal,
And she threw - had she not been a proud beauty,
we would have said she saw Thuʿal shooting and learned.
We would have said she saw and learned from a gazelle's throwing.
غَدَرتْshe betrayed فلولاso were it not أنَّهاthat she نَذرتْvowed دميmy blood
غَدَرتْ فلولا أنَّها نَذرتْ دمي
لمnot تعرِفwould she have known النَّذرthe vow الذيthat فيهin it وفَتْshe fulfilled
لم تعرِف النَّذر الذي فيه وفَتْ
She betrayed me; had she not vowed to shed my blood,
She betrayed - had she not taken a vow to shed my blood,
she would have known no vow that she fulfilled.
She would not have known the vow in which she erred.
وعلىand upon النقاthe dune والعيسُwhile the pale camels تَحْفِرُdig فيin النقاthe dune
وعلى النقا والعيسُ تَحْفِرُ في النقا
أخفافُهاtheir hooves منfrom ثِقلِthe weight ماof what قدalready حُمِّلتْthey were laden with
أخفافُها من ثِقلِ ما قد حُمِّلتْ
Upon the dune, while the pale camels dug into the sand,
Even on the soft sands, her steps dig in,
their hooves pressed beneath the weight of their burdens,
Her strides heavy with what she was made to carry.
حلَفتْshe swore علىto قتليkill me فلمَّاbut when أنindeed رأتshe saw
حلَفتْ على قتلي فلمَّا أن رأت
بذَمايَin my ebbing life باقيةَa remnant الرِّماقِof life's last breaths تأوَّلتْshe reinterpreted her oath
بذَمايَ باقيةَ الرِّماقِ تأوَّلتْ
she swore to kill me; but when she saw
She swore to kill me, but when she saw
a remnant of life's last breaths in me, she reinterpreted her oath.
My blood still flowing, she interpreted it well.
أبشرrejoice فإنكfor you فيin الحياةِlife مخلَّدٌare immortal
أبشر فإنك في الحياةِ مخلَّدٌ
ياO منyou who رأىsaw يومَthe day القليبِat al-Qalib ولمand did not يَمُتْdie
يا من رأى يومَ القليبِ ولم يَمُتْ
Rejoice, for you are immortal in life,
Good news! You have eternal life,
O you who saw the day at al-Qalib and did not die!
O you who saw the treachery and did not die.
وتشرَّفَتand she rose into view لتشبَّto kindle جمرةَthe ember صدرِهِof his breast
وتشرَّفَت لتشبَّ جمرةَ صدرِهِ
بنتُthe daughter الأراكِof the arak-tree وهلand can تُشَبُّit be kindled وماwhen it has not انطفتْgone out
بنتُ الأراكِ وهل تُشَبُّ وما انطفتْ
And there rose into view, to kindle the ember in his breast,
She tried in vain to kindle the embers in his chest,
the daughter of the arak-tree—but can one kindle what never went out?
The daughter of Arak - does she even know how to kindle a fire?
وُرقاءa gray dove ذكَّرهاreminded her الحداةُthe camel-drivers هوىًof a love لهاof hers
وُرقاء ذكَّرها الحداةُ هوىً لها
طارتflew away ألائفُهاher companions بهwith it فتذكَّرتْso she remembered
طارت ألائفُها به فتذكَّرتْ
A gray dove, reminded by the camel-drivers of a love of hers:
Delicate Wurqa was reminded of her passion,
her companions had flown away with it, and she remembered.
So her thoughts flew to it and she remembered.
هتفتْshe called علىupon خضراءَa green bough كيفhowever ترنَّمتْshe sang
هتفتْ على خضراءَ كيف ترنَّمتْ
منfrom فوقِهاabove it مالتit bent بهاbeneath her فترنَّحتْso she swayed
من فوقِها مالت بها فترنَّحتْ
She called upon a green bough; as she trilled
She cried out to the green meadow, how it hummed
above it, it bent beneath her, and she swayed.
When she leaned upon it and it moaned.
لوif كانcould ينجوescape منfrom علاقاتِthe attachments الهوىof love
لو كان ينجو من علاقاتِ الهوى
شيءٌanything لضُعْفٍthrough weakness أوor لمَرحمةٍthrough compassion نَجتْshe would have escaped
شيءٌ لضُعْفٍ أو لمَرحمةٍ نَجتْ
If anything could escape love's attachments
If love's entanglements allowed escape
through weakness or compassion, she would have escaped.
For weakness or mercy, it would have been saved.
ولقدand indeed طربتُI rejoiced كماjust as حزنتُI grieved لصوتِهاat her voice
ولقد طربتُ كما حزنتُ لصوتِها
فشككتُso I wondered هلwhether غنَّتshe sang بشجوٍwith sorrow أوor بكتْwept
فشككتُ هل غنَّت بشجوٍ أو بكتْ
Indeed, I rejoiced at her voice as much as I grieved,
I was enthralled when I heard her voice,
and wondered whether she sang sorrowfully or wept.
I doubted - did she sing sadly or weep?
قفstop ياO أخاcompanion of الملهوفthe distressed وقفةَwith the pause مُرسَلٍof a messenger
قف يا أخا الملهوف وقفةَ مُرسَلٍ
حملwho carried الأمانةَthe entrusted charge هَضبةًa mountain أوor أُدِّيَتْit was delivered
حمل الأمانةَ هَضبةً أو أُدِّيَتْ
Stop, companion of the distressed, as a messenger stops,
Stop, O brother of passion, stop like a released prisoner,
bearing the entrusted charge, mountain-heavy—or seeing it delivered.
Carrying your secret chastely or it will be spread.
واجهَرand call aloud بصوتكwith your voice للتيto her who لوif خاطبتْshe addressed
واجهَر بصوتك للتي لو خاطبتْ
فيin السرّa whisper أوعالَthe ibex القِنانِof the peaks لأسمعتْshe would make them hear
في السرّ أوعالَ القِنانِ لأسمعتْ
Raise your voice to her who, were she to address
Raise your voice to her - had she spoken
the ibex of the peaks in a whisper, would make them hear.
To you quietly, even jars would have heard.
وقلand speak التحيةَthe greeting والسلامَand peace وحاجةًand a plea
وقل التحيةَ والسلامَ وحاجةً
منfrom بعدِafter أنthat خابتit failed وإنeven if هيit أُنجِحتْwas granted
من بعدِ أن خابت وإن هي أُنجِحتْ
Speak a greeting, peace, and a plea,
Say greetings, peace, and a request -
after its failure—even if it should be granted.
Though failed, even if successful once sent.
ياO أختَsister of سعدٍSaʿd فيمwhy باتspent the night معذَّباًtormented
يا أختَ سعدٍ فيم بات معذَّباً
قلبيmy heart عليكِover you كأنماas though عينِيmy eye جَنَتْhad sinned
قلبي عليكِ كأنما عينِي جَنَتْ
O sister of Saʿd, why does it spend the night tormented—
O sister of Saad, why does my heart
my heart, over you—as though my eye had sinned?
Lie tormented for you, as if my eyes betrayed me?
رُدِّيgive back الفؤادَthe heart عليَّto me فهوfor it is وديعةٌa trust
رُدِّي الفؤادَ عليَّ فهو وديعةٌ
مضمونةٌguaranteed مغرومةٌliable to compensation إنif ضُيِّعتْit is lost
مضمونةٌ مغرومةٌ إن ضُيِّعتْ
Give my heart back to me: it is a trust,
Return my heart to me, it is a trust
guaranteed, requiring compensation if lost.
Guaranteed, owed - if lost it will be held against you.
إنif كانwas ظنُّكِyour intention بالخيانةِthrough betrayal والقِلَىand aversion
إن كان ظنُّكِ بالخيانةِ والقِلَى
أَنthat يشمَتَmight gloat اللاحِيthe reproacher عليكover you فقدthen already شَمِتْhe has gloated
أَن يشمَتَ اللاحِي عليك فقد شَمِتْ
If your intention, through betrayal and aversion,
If you think I may betray or abandon you,
is to let the reproacher gloat over you, he has gloated already.
So enemies gloat over you, they have gloated.
وعميّةِand a wilderness blind الأوضاحِof landmarks خرساءِmute الصدَىof echoes
وعميّةِ الأوضاحِ خرساءِ الصدَى
عَشِيَتْit grew blind علىdespite ضوءِthe light الصباحِof morning وأظلمتْand darkened
عَشِيَتْ على ضوءِ الصباحِ وأظلمتْ
And a wilderness blind of landmarks, mute of echoes,
Blind to warnings, deaf to echoes,
blind even in morning light, and darkened,
It lived upon the dawn but darkened.
مَرَدَتْit rebelled علىagainst عينthe eye الدليلِof the guide ورأيِهِand his judgment
مَرَدَتْ على عين الدليلِ ورأيِهِ
فتخالُهso you suppose him فيهاwithin it أضلَّmore astray بماthrough what خَرَتْhe traversed
فتخالُه فيها أضلَّ بما خَرَتْ
defying the guide's eye and judgment,
It disobeyed the eye of proof and its judgment,
so you think him still more astray within it for all he traversed.
So its confusion in them led it more astray.
تتغايرُvaries البَوغاءُthe fine dust تحتَbeneath شميمِهِhis nose
تتغايرُ البَوغاءُ تحتَ شميمِهِ
فيهاwithin it ويُنكَرُand is unrecognized صَوتُهُhis voice والمُلتفَتْand the view on turning
فيها ويُنكَرُ صَوتُهُ والمُلتفَتْ
The fine dust varies beneath his nose
The stars differ under its sky
there, and his voice and the view around him become unfamiliar.
Their voices unfamiliar there, even when turning to look.
مركوبةٍtraversed جَوْبُthe crossing المهاريof the pedigree camels جوَّهاof its expanse
مركوبةٍ جَوْبُ المهاري جوَّها
غَرَرُa hazard المقامِرِof the gambler فيهin it أخسَتْthey fared poorly أوor زَكتْprospered
غَرَرُ المقامِرِ فيه أخسَتْ أو زَكتْ
A traversed waste: the pedigree camels' crossing of its expanse
A boat - the skilled sailor confused within it,
is a gambler's hazard, whether they fare poorly or prosper.
The gambler's deceit - did it lose or gain there?
وإذاand when الركابُthe mounts استيأستْdespaired فيin جَهلهاtheir ignorance
وإذا الركابُ استيأستْ في جَهلها
كيفhow النجاءُescape توكَّلتْthey put their trust واستسلمَتْand surrendered
كيف النجاءُ توكَّلتْ واستسلمَتْ
When the mounts despair, not knowing
When passengers despaired of its ignorance,
how escape is possible, they put their trust and surrender.
How to survive - they entrusted themselves and surrendered.
داوستهُاI trod it down أبغيseeking العَلاءَgreatness بهمّةٍwith ambition
داوستهُا أبغي العَلاءَ بهمّةٍ
لوif شاورتit had consulted أمَّthe mother الشقيقof the anemone لَمَاit would not سَمتْhave risen
لو شاورت أمَّ الشقيق لَمَا سَمتْ
I trod it down, seeking greatness with an ambition
I prodded it toward lofty goals with determination -
that, had it consulted the anemone's mother, would never have risen.
Had it consulted the Mother of Calamities it would not have hastened.
تفلىit searches علىamong الكرماءthe generous تنفضُscouring منهُمُthrough them
تفلى على الكرماء تنفضُ منهُمُ
طرقَthe paths المطالبِto its aims أسلهتْit traversed plains أوor أحزنَتْtraversed rugged ground
طرقَ المطالبِ أسلهتْ أو أحزنَتْ
It searches among the generous, scouring through them
It turned from the generous ones, shaking off
the paths to its aims, whether over plain or rugged ground.
Their pleas - either made forgetful or saddened.
ووراءهاand behind it لولاwere it not for المطامعُhopes of gain منهُمُfrom them
ووراءها لولا المطامعُ منهُمُ
قُرَباءُkinsmen لوif قنعتْit were content بهمwith them ماnot أبعدتْwould it have roamed far
قُرَباءُ لو قنعتْ بهم ما أبعدتْ
Behind it—were it not for hopes of gain from them—
And behind it, were it not for hopes from them,
are kinsmen: had it been content with them, it would not have roamed far.
Relatives - if content therewith it would not have abandoned us.
نبِّهْrouse بنيthe sons of عبدِʿAbd الرحيمal-Rahim ولاand do not تُبَلْcare
نبِّهْ بني عبدِ الرحيم ولا تُبَلْ
معهمwith them عيونَthe eyes الدهرof time كيفhow استيقَظتْthey awaken
معهم عيونَ الدهر كيف استيقَظتْ
Rouse the sons of ʿAbd al-Rahim, and do not care,
Wake the clan of Abdel Raheem, and do not mind
with them, how the eyes of time awaken.
The times' eyes however they wake.
واستفتهمand consult them فيabout المجدِglory تسألْyou will question أنفساًsouls
واستفتهم في المجدِ تسألْ أنفساً
لَقِنتْthat learned علىamid جهلthe ignorance الورىof humankind وتفهَّمتْand understood
لَقِنتْ على جهل الورى وتفهَّمتْ
Consult them about glory: you will question souls
And ask them about glory - question souls
that learned amid humankind's ignorance and understood.
That have realized the world's ignorance and understood.
خَبُثَgrew foul الترابُthe earth وماand whatever عليهis upon it وماؤهاwhile their water
خَبُثَ الترابُ وما عليه وماؤها
شرفٌis nobility فطابتso they grew pure وحدَهاalone وتطَهَّرتْand cleansed themselves
شرفٌ فطابت وحدَها وتطَهَّرتْ
The earth and all upon it grew foul; but their water
The soil's wickedness and waters
is nobility, so they alone grew pure and cleansed themselves.
Became honorable, purified and cleansed through it alone.
فكأنand as though زاكِيthe pure عِرقِهاroot of theirs لمnot يُسقَwas watered منfrom
فكأن زاكِي عِرقِها لم يُسقَ من
ماءِthe water الزمانِof time وفيand in ثراهits soil ماnot نبتْdid it grow
ماءِ الزمانِ وفي ثراه ما نبتْ
As though their pure root had never been watered from
It is as if the water of time did not water
the water of time, nor grown in its soil.
The clan whose nobility sprouted from its ground.
قومٌa people إذاwhen حدَرَpulled down التناكرُmutual hostility لُثْمَهُمْtheir veils
قومٌ إذا حدَرَ التناكرُ لُثْمَهُمْ
وجلاand bared الصِّفاحُthe blades أكفَّهمtheir palms فتحسَّرتْso they were exposed
وجلا الصِّفاحُ أكفَّهم فتحسَّرتْ
A people who, when mutual hostility pulls down their veils
A people - when estrangement's veil falls upon them
and blades bare their palms, leaving them exposed,
And the outstretched hand is folded, it regrets.
كفرتْeclipsed وجوهُهُمtheir faces البدورَthe full moons وآمنتْand believed
كفرتْ وجوهُهُم البدورَ وآمنتْ
لأكفِّهمin their palms أيديthe hands السحابِof the clouds فكَفَّرتْthen veiled themselves
لأكفِّهم أيدي السحابِ فكَفَّرتْ
have faces that eclipse the full moons, while faith is pledged
Their faces denied the full moons, and believed
to their palms by the clouds' hands, which then veil themselves.
Their folded arms shaded by clouds, so they were cleansed.
شفعواthey paired العلاءgreatness تليدَهits inherited part بطريفهwith its newly won part
شفعوا العلاء تليدَه بطريفه
فتقدّمتso it reached forward علياؤهمtheir loftiness وتأخَّرتْand backward
فتقدّمت علياؤهم وتأخَّرتْ
They paired inherited greatness with newly won greatness,
They interceded for the lofty, its ancient nobility preceding its new,
so their loftiness reaches both forward and back.
So their elite preceded and their lowlydeferred.
ولدتهمbore them الأرضُthe earth التيthat قدhad جمعتْgathered
ولدتهم الأرضُ التي قد جمعتْ
فيamong الأكثرينthe multitude فأكيستْthen bred clever offspring وتنجّبتْand noble offspring
في الأكثرين فأكيستْ وتنجّبتْ
The earth bore them, having gathered her brood
The land that gathered in throngs bore them,
among the multitude; now she bred cleverness and nobility.
Wise, highborn - as if strangers come in hard times or few.
جاءتshe brought بهمthem forth وهيthough she is الوَلودُprolific كأنّهمas though they
جاءت بهم وهي الوَلودُ كأنّهم
غُرباءُwere strangers جاءواwho came فيamid العقامِbarrenness أوor القَلَتْchild-loss
غُرباءُ جاءوا في العقامِ أو القَلَتْ
She brought them forth, though prolific, as though they
Flocking to the lofty, as if they
were strangers born amid barrenness or the loss of children.
Had an appointed time that would not be missed.
متواردينarriving together علىat العَلاءgreatness كأنّهمas though they
متواردين على العَلاء كأنّهم
ضربواset لهfor it ميقاتَan appointment يومٍfor a day لمnot يفُتْto be missed
ضربوا له ميقاتَ يومٍ لم يفُتْ
Arriving together at greatness, as though
They settled affairs - its youth like its elders -
they had set a day's appointment with it that none missed.
Matching strides, succeeding each other.
راضواthey mastered الأمورَaffairs فتيُّهمtheir young man كمسنِّهمlike their elder
راضوا الأمورَ فتيُّهم كمسنِّهم
سَوْمَthe progression الكعوبِof reed-joints تلاحقَتْthat joined up فتنظمَّتْand aligned
سَوْمَ الكعوبِ تلاحقَتْ فتنظمَّتْ
They mastered affairs, their young like their aged,
They embarked on the battlefields selflessly -
like successive reed-joints, joining into a single row.
Were it not for their character they would not have been preferred.
شَرَعواthey leveled إلىtoward ثُغَرِthe breaches الخطوبof calamities ذوابلاًslender shafts
شَرَعوا إلى ثُغَرِ الخطوب ذوابلاً
لولاbut for صنيعةُthe achievements نفسهاof their own selves ماnot فُضِّلَتْwould they excel
لولا صنيعةُ نفسها ما فُضِّلَتْ
They leveled slender shafts at the breaches of calamity,
Empty inside, seeing the grim tribulations behind,
which, but for their own achievements, would not excel.
In war, they match what they embody, not pretending or acting.
جُوفاًhollow ترىyou see الصمَّthe solid ones الصعابَthe unyielding ones وراءهاbehind them
جُوفاً ترى الصمَّ الصعابَ وراءها
فيin الحربwar تقفُوfollowing ماwhat حذَتْthey patterned أوor مَثَّلتْportrayed
في الحرب تقفُو ما حذَتْ أو مَثَّلتْ
Hollow shafts, with solid, unyielding ones seen behind them
They wrote upon the feathers of arrows for us as
in war, following what they patterned or portrayed.
They stabbed the racing horses, whether lean or fat.
كتبواthey wrote علىon شهبpale الطروسpages لناfor us كماjust as
كتبوا على شهب الطروس لنا كما
طَعنواthey thrust علىupon الخيلhorses الوِرادِthe ruddy ones أوor الكُمُتْthe dark-bay ones
طَعنوا على الخيل الوِرادِ أو الكُمُتْ
They wrote for us on pale pages, just as
And the eloquent seated speaker among them takes
they thrust upon ruddy or dark-bay horses.
From it the breaths of the courageous warrior.
والجالسُand the seated one القوّالُthe eloquent speaker منهمamong them آخذٌtakes
والجالسُ القوّالُ منهم آخذٌ
منهاfrom them بأنفاسwith the spirit الشجاعof the brave المنصلِتْwith sword drawn
منها بأنفاس الشجاع المنصلِتْ
The seated, eloquent speaker among them draws
Take from their talk the discourse of their ancestors,
from those pens the spirit of the brave warrior with sword drawn.
And wonder at the summits of glory, how they met.
خذtake منfrom حديثِهمُtheir present stories حديثَthe story قديمهمof their forebears
خذ من حديثِهمُ حديثَ قديمهم
واعجبand marvel لأطرافat the far ends العلاof greatness كيفhow التقتْthey meet
واعجب لأطراف العلا كيف التقتْ
Take from their present stories the story of their forebears,
And ask the leader of faith what glory remains
and marvel at how the far ends of greatness meet.
From them - it is testimony and steadfastness.
واسألand ask زعيمZaʿim الدينal-Din عماabout what خلفهlies behind him
واسأل زعيم الدين عما خلفه
منof مجدهمtheir glory فهوfor he is الشهادةthe testimony والثَّبَتْand the proof
من مجدهم فهو الشهادة والثَّبَتْ
Ask Zaʿim al-Din about what lies behind him
A moon - it is the mirror of their qualities
of their glory: he is the testimony and the proof.
However much it sees to reflect.
قمرٌa moon هوhe is المِرآةthe mirror عنof أحسابهمtheir noble ancestry
قمرٌ هو المِرآة عن أحسابهم
مهماwhatever رأتit sees مماof what يقابلهاfaces it حكتْit reproduces
مهما رأت مما يقابلها حكتْ
A moon, he is the mirror of their noble ancestry,
It performed their duties and instituted supererogations
reproducing whatever it sees facing it.
In glory - completing the duties and perfecting.
أدَّىhe fulfilled فروضَهمُtheir obligations وسَنَّand instituted نوافلاًvoluntary additions
أدَّى فروضَهمُ وسَنَّ نوافلاً
فيin المجدglory تممتthat perfected الفروضَthe obligations وكمّلتْand completed them
في المجد تممت الفروضَ وكمّلتْ
He fulfilled their obligations and instituted voluntary additions
Malik outshone the precedents, his strides
in glory, which perfected and completed those obligations.
Racing the winds, so it flagged and was fettered.
فضحَhe shamed السوابقَthe foremost racers مالكٌmastering أشواطَهhis courses
فضحَ السوابقَ مالكٌ أشواطَه
جارَىhe raced الرياحَthe winds فَخُلَّso was released عنهfrom him وقُيِّدَتْand they were tethered
جارَى الرياحَ فَخُلَّ عنه وقُيِّدَتْ
Mastering his courses, he shamed the foremost racers;
And his days clustered around him orphaned,
he raced the winds: he was let loose, and they were tethered.
Arranging themselves for onlookers prominently.
وتقرّطتand adorned themselves with earrings أيامُهhis days بيتيمةٍof a peerless pearl
وتقرّطت أيامُه بيتيمةٍ
منهfrom him صفَتْit shone clear للناظرينto beholders وأشرفتْand rose high
منه صفَتْ للناظرين وأشرفتْ
His days adorned themselves with a peerless pearl
The effort of divers and their cunning does not know
from him, shining clear and lofty before beholders.
From which pearl shells of the sea it was brought out.
لمnot يدرِknew جهدُthe exertion الغائصينof the divers وكيدُهمand their cunning
لم يدرِ جهدُ الغائصين وكيدُهم
منfrom أيّwhich أصدافshells البحارof the seas استُخرِجتْit was extracted
من أيّ أصداف البحار استُخرِجتْ
Neither divers' exertions nor their cunning could tell
They speculated with assumptions and frequently
from which shells of the seas it had been drawn.
Plunged into what was deemed strange and monumental.
قدindeed جوَّلواthey turned over فيهاconcerning it الظنونَconjectures وأكثرواand multiplied them
قد جوَّلوا فيها الظنونَ وأكثروا
بالخوضby delving لماwhen استُغرِبتْit was found extraordinary واستُعظِمتْand deemed immense
بالخوض لما استُغرِبتْ واستُعظِمتْ
They turned conjectures over concerning it, and multiplied them,
They said it rose from the endless sea,
delving deeply when it was found extraordinary and immense.
No - rather it descended from the endless sphere.
قالواthey said منfrom البحرthe sea المحيطِencircling تصعَّدتْit rose
قالوا من البحر المحيطِ تصعَّدتْ
لاno بلrather منfrom الفَلكِthe heavens المحيطِencircling تنزّلتْit descended
لا بل من الفَلكِ المحيطِ تنزّلتْ
They said, 'It rose from the encircling ocean';
White, filling the hand of purpose, fateful,
'No, rather it descended from the encircling heavens.'
It possessed fate and contained favor for those granted it.
بيضاءa white pearl ملءfilling يدthe hand المنىof desire ملمومةrounded
بيضاء ملء يد المنى ملمومة
مَلَكَpossessed المنَىhis wishes وحَوىand held الغنىriches مَنwhoever أُعطِيتْit was bestowed upon
مَلَكَ المنَى وحَوى الغنى مَن أُعطِيتْ
A white pearl, rounded, filling the hand of desire:
O gatherer of beautiful things after their dispersion
whoever receives it possesses his wishes and holds riches.
Torn apart - their time of loss has come.
ياO جامعَgatherer of الحسناتِvirtues بعدafter شذوذهاtheir scattering
يا جامعَ الحسناتِ بعد شذوذها
مِزَقاًinto shreds وموجدَهاand finder of them أوانَwhen تعذّرتْthey were unattainable
مِزَقاً وموجدَها أوانَ تعذّرتْ
O gatherer of virtues after their scattering
O extractor of the exemplary from the vertices of
into shreds, and finder of them when they were unattainable!
What was composed by authentic opinion and concealed.
ومقطِّرand unseater of الأقرانrivals عنfrom صَهَواتِthe saddles ماof what
ومقطِّر الأقران عن صَهَواتِ ما
رُبطتْwere tethered منfrom الرأيjudgment الأصيلsound وضُمِّرتْand conditioned
رُبطتْ من الرأي الأصيل وضُمِّرتْ
And unseater of rivals from the saddles of mounts
How many confident in their opinion and calculation
tethered and conditioned from sound judgment!
Safe from error or deviation you have constrained.
كمhow many واثقٍa man trusting منهمamong them بِعصمةِin the immunity رأيهof his judgment
كم واثقٍ منهم بِعصمةِ رأيه
وحسابِهِand his reckoning منfrom هفوةٍa lapse أوor منfrom غَلَتْa mistake
وحسابِهِ من هفوةٍ أو من غَلَتْ
How many among them trusted the immunity of their judgment
You pressured him until he acknowledged his weakness
and reckoning from a lapse or a mistake!
When you placed your hands upon subtleties.
ضايقتَهyou pressed him حتىuntil أقرَّhe admitted بعجزهhis inability
ضايقتَه حتى أقرَّ بعجزه
لماwhen وضعتَyou placed لهfor him يديكyour two hands علىon النُّكَتْthe subtle points
لما وضعتَ له يديك على النُّكَتْ
You pressed him until he admitted his inability,
And one whose speech seemed an eloquent miracle
when you laid both hands upon the crucial points before him.
Erected as a banner and portrayed.
ومُنطَّقٍand an articulate speaker ظنَّthought البلاغةَeloquence آيةًa sign
ومُنطَّقٍ ظنَّ البلاغةَ آيةً
نُصِبتْwas set up لهfor him علَماًas a banner وشخصًand a figure صُوِّرتْwas fashioned
نُصِبتْ له علَماً وشخصً صُوِّرتْ
And an articulate speaker who thought eloquence a sign
He spoke excessively expanding his desires -
set up for him as a banner and fashioned as a figure
When you said just one, he fell silent.
الsaid (damaged text) الكثيرَmuch موسِّعاًopening wide لَهَواتِهِhis throat
ال الكثيرَ موسِّعاً لَهَواتِهِ
عُجْباًin conceit فلمّاbut when قلتَyou said واحدةًone word سكتْhe fell silent
عُجْباً فلمّا قلتَ واحدةً سكتْ
spoke at length, opening his throat wide
He thought rhetoric was only bombast
in conceit; but when you said one word, he fell silent.
Not everything described as deepest black is darkest.
حَسِبhe supposed الفصاحةَeloquence فيlay in التشادقِgrandiloquent mouthings وحدَهalone
حَسِب الفصاحةَ في التشادقِ وحدَه
ماnot كلُّall ماthat وُصِفwere described الأُسودُthe lions بهby it الهَرَتْwide jaws
ما كلُّ ما وُصِف الأُسودُ به الهَرَتْ
He supposed eloquence lay in grandiloquent mouthings alone;
And I see since you carried its banner
a wide mouth is not all that lions are described by.
The ministry was helped against failing leaders and scrubbed clean.
وأرىand I see الوزارةَthe vizierate مذsince حَملتَyou bore لواءَهاits banner
وأرى الوزارةَ مذ حَملتَ لواءَها
نُصِرتit was aided علىagainst فشلthe failure الولاةof governors وظُفِّرَتْand made victorious
نُصِرت على فشل الولاة وظُفِّرَتْ
I see the vizierate, since you bore its banner,
You supported its correction and corruption within
rescued from the governors' failure and made victorious.
Whether reforming or corrupting.
ساندتyou supported فيهاwithin it ماthat which عليكyou answer for صلاحُهُits soundness
ساندت فيها ما عليك صلاحُهُ
وفسادُهand its corruption إنwhether أصلِحتْit is set right أوor أُفسِدتْruined
وفسادُه إن أصلِحتْ أو أُفسِدتْ
Within it, you upheld what you answer for in its soundness
Your brother folded his brother within,
and its corruption, whether it is put right or ruined.
And you were sent as its third, empowered through you.
ثَنَّىseconded أخوكyour brother أخاكyour brother فيهاwithin it مُسهِماًtaking a share
ثَنَّى أخوك أخاك فيها مُسهِماً
وبُعثتَand you were sent ثالثَهاas its third الذيthe one who بكthrough you عُزِّزتْit was strengthened
وبُعثتَ ثالثَها الذي بك عُزِّزتْ
Your brother seconded your brother in it, taking his share,
You are its horsemen, defending it,
and you were sent as its third, through whom it was strengthened.
Whether warred upon or reconciled.
أنتمyou are فوارسُهاits horsemen المَذَاودُthe defenders دونهاin its defense
أنتم فوارسُها المَذَاودُ دونها
إنif حوربتit is attacked وملوكُهاand its kings إنif سولمتْit is left in peace
إن حوربت وملوكُها إن سولمتْ
You are its horsemen and its defenders
And your backs are created for its chests
when attacked, and its kings when left in peace.
Wrongfully confined if narrowed or crowded.
وظهوركمand your backs لصدورهاfor its places of honor مخلوقةٌwere fashioned
وظهوركم لصدورها مخلوقةٌ
مظلومةٌwronged إنif ضويقتthey are cramped أوor زوحمتْcrowded
مظلومةٌ إن ضويقت أو زوحمتْ
Your backs were fashioned for its places of honor,
It belongs to you - so when is it borrowed from you
wronged if cramped or crowded.
For beauty and you want it back, it is reclaimed?
نُصبتْit was established لكمfor you وتمهّدتْand prepared فمتىso whenever طراappeared
نُصبتْ لكم وتمهّدتْ فمتى طرا
منfrom غيركمothers than you طارٍan intruder واستوحشتْand it felt estranged
من غيركم طارٍ واستوحشتْ
It was established and prepared for you; whenever there appears
Children of its lineage and intimate with its excuse
an intruder from outside your ranks, it feels estranged.
When relying upon you it is chaste and widowed.
هيit is مِلكُكمyour possession فمتىso whenever استُعيرتit is borrowed منكُمُfrom you
هي مِلكُكم فمتى استُعيرت منكُمُ
لتجمّلٍfor adornment وأردتموهاand you want it استُرجِعتْit is reclaimed
لتجمّلٍ وأردتموها استُرجِعتْ
It is your possession: whenever it is borrowed from you
It would ransom the ground you stepped on
for adornment, and you want it, it is reclaimed.
With peaks fallen beneath your feet as you rose.
أبناءsons of نِسبتِهاits lineage وأبعُلُand husbands of عُذْرِهاits virginity
أبناء نِسبتِها وأبعُلُ عُذْرِها
وإذاand if عَدَتكمit passes beyond you أعزبتit becomes unmarried وتأيَّمتْand widowed
وإذا عَدَتكم أعزبت وتأيَّمتْ
You are sons of its lineage and husbands of its virginity;
And one who whispers suspicions to himself about you -
if it passes beyond you, it becomes unwedded and widowed.
By your life not an errant soul tempted him.
تَفدِيransom أباAbu الحسنِal-Hasan الترابَthe dust وطئتهyou trod
تَفدِي أبا الحسنِ الترابَ وطئته
قِممٌsummits هوتthat fell منfrom تحتِbeneath رِجلكyour foot إذwhen علتit rose
قِممٌ هوت من تحتِ رِجلك إذ علت
The dust you tread, Abu al-Hasan, is ransomed by
If they burdened you with him, and withered
summits that fall beneath your foot as it rises.
He would be apportioned what could not be adjusted.
ومحدِّثٍand one telling بكof you فيin الوساوسdelusive whispers نفسَهhimself
ومحدِّثٍ بك في الوساوس نفسَه
نفسٌa soul لعمركby your life ضَلّةٌastray ماin what سَوَّلتْit enticed
نفسٌ لعمرك ضَلّةٌ ما سَوَّلتْ
And a man who whispers of you to himself in delusion—
You have enriched me beyond all others, so I do not care
a soul, by your life, astray in what it tempts him to think.
If fingers are opened or closed to me.
لوif ثاقلوكthey weighed you بهagainst him وأُلقِيَand were thrown يَذبُلٌYadhbul
لو ثاقلوك به وأُلقِيَ يَذبُلٌ
معهwith him لكانتit would be قِسمةًan apportionment ماnot عُدّلتْmade equal
معه لكانت قِسمةً ما عُدّلتْ
If they weighed him against you, with Yadhbul thrown
I have drunk the sweetest of your drink, so I see
alongside him, the apportionment would still be unequal.
No harm in a fleeting cloud or vanishing mirage.
أغنيتنيyou freed me from needing others بكthrough you عنinstead of سواكanyone but you فلمso I did not أُبَلْcare
أغنيتني بك عن سواك فلم أُبَلْ
فُتِحتwere opened أناملُthe fingers معشرٍof a people أوor أُقفِلتْshut
فُتِحت أناملُ معشرٍ أو أُقفِلتْ
You made me need no one but you, so I did not care
You have described to me intimacy and friendliness - the minds
whether a people's fingers opened or closed.
Were not drunk with its taste until you described it.
وسُقِيتُand I was given to drink أعذبَthe sweeter شرتيكof your two draughts (damaged text) فماso not أرىdo I see
وسُقِيتُ أعذبَ شرتيك فما أرى
بأساًharm ببارقةٍfrom a flashing cloud همَتْit rained أوor أخلبتْflashed without rain
بأساً ببارقةٍ همَتْ أو أخلبتْ
I was given the sweeter of your two draughts, and see no
I rejected the loyalty of a brother and loved ones -
harm if a lightning-bearing cloud rains or flashes rainlessly.
Your precious loyalty is of unmatched make.
وصفوتَand you were pure ليtoward me بالودّin affection والصهباءُwhile tawny wine لمnot
وصفوتَ لي بالودّ والصهباءُ لم
تَشُبِkindles العقولَminds بطعمهاwith its flavor حتىuntil صفتْit clears
تَشُبِ العقولَ بطعمها حتى صفتْ
You were pure in your affection for me; tawny wine does not
So whenever I sought other than you or your like
kindle minds with its flavor until it has cleared.
Then witness I was of the perverse faithless.
أنكرتُI found changed ودَّthe love أخيof my brother وعهدَand the pledge أحبّتيof my loved ones
أنكرتُ ودَّ أخي وعهدَ أحبّتي
وكريمُbut the noble عهدكpledge of yours طينةٌis clay ماnot أخلقتْworn away
وكريمُ عهدك طينةٌ ما أخلقتْ
I found my brother's love and my loved ones' pledge changed,
And to please you - when have thankful souls praised
yet your noble pledge is clay that has not weathered.
The benevolent, fearing stinginess or blaming?
فمتىso whenever طَلبتُI seek منfrom الزمانtime سواكsomeone other than you أوor
فمتى طَلبتُ من الزمان سواك أو
شَرْواكyour equal فاشهدْthen bear witness أنَّthat ذاكthis منis of العَنَتْself-imposed hardship
شَرْواك فاشهدْ أنَّ ذاك من العَنَتْ
Whenever I seek from time anyone other than you, or
Fulfilling what was owed by their hands generously -
your equal, bear witness that this is self-imposed hardship.
Obligating creditors, excelling and enriching.
ولتُرضِينَّكand will surely please you ماwhenever سمعتَyou hear نواهضٌsoaring verses
ولتُرضِينَّك ما سمعتَ نواهضٌ
بالشكرin thanksgiving لمnot تَخَفِthey feared اللُّغوبَweariness ولاnor وَنتْdid they flag
بالشكر لم تَخَفِ اللُّغوبَ ولا وَنتْ
Surely, whenever you hear them, you will be pleased by soaring verses
The poor are wealthy with it, and if it saw
of thanksgiving, fearing no weariness and never flagging.
A wealthy nature, it increased and graced it.
يقضِينthey repay ماwhat أُسلفنthey were advanced منby أيديhands غِنىًof wealth
يقضِين ما أُسلفن من أيدي غِنىً
وَسِعتْthat amply met حقوقَthe claims المقرضينof lenders وأفضلتْand gave surplus
وَسِعتْ حقوقَ المقرضين وأفضلتْ
They repay what they were advanced by wealthy hands
An affection that has not been sniffed to revive spirits,
that amply met the lenders' claims and gave still more.
And naturalness that awakens if intoxicated.
يَغنَىgrows rich بهاthrough them العرضُhonor الفقيرُimpoverished وإنand if رأتthey see
يَغنَى بها العرضُ الفقيرُ وإن رأت
عِرضاًhonor غنيَّاًrich زيَّدتهthey increase it وأثَّلَتْand establish it
عِرضاً غنيَّاً زيَّدته وأثَّلَتْ
Through them impoverished honor grows rich; and if they find
It cuts through minds - where is its conclusion
honor already rich, they increase and establish it.
From its defects, whether fortunate or erased?
يحانةbasil (damaged text) ماnot استُنشِقتhave been inhaled أرواحُهاits fragrances
يحانة ما استُنشِقت أرواحُها
وسلافةand choice wine تُصحِيthat sobers إذاwhen ماindeed أَسكرتْit intoxicates
وسلافة تُصحِي إذا ما أَسكرتْ
A basil whose fragrances have not been breathed,
Its pulpits roared with its call to you
and choice wine that sobers even as it intoxicates.
If calling prophethood through you, it would be believed.
تقضيit rules علىover الألبابminds أينwhere خلاصهاis their escape
تقضي على الألباب أين خلاصها
منfrom شَوبهاits admixture ماwhether استُحظِيتit is favored أوor أُلغِيتْdisregarded
من شَوبها ما استُحظِيت أو أُلغِيتْ
They rule over minds: where can minds find escape
If it accompanied you one vacant day
from their admixture, whether cherished or disregarded?
It would settle or the horizons would be scented through it.
ضجَّتْrang aloud منابرُهاits pulpits بدعوتهاwith its invocation لكمfor you
ضجَّتْ منابرُها بدعوتها لكم
فلوso if ادعتit claimed بكمthrough you النبوَّةَprophethood صُدِّقَتْit would be believed
فلو ادعت بكم النبوَّةَ صُدِّقَتْ
Their pulpits rang aloud with their invocation for you;
And celebration - each of your days it adorns,
had they claimed prophethood through you, they would have been believed.
Beautifying with however it covered or embellished.
إنif صاحبتْit accompanies يوماًa day إليكمto you عاطلاًunadorned
إن صاحبتْ يوماً إليكم عاطلاً
حلَّتْهit adorns it أوor تَفِلَscentless النواحيin its quarters عَطَّرتْit perfumes it
حلَّتْه أو تَفِلَ النواحي عَطَّرتْ
If they accompany an unadorned day on its way to you,
Until you see the youth shedding their nests
they adorn it; if its quarters lack fragrance, they perfume it.
And the sun rolled up in their greens.
والمهرجانand Mihrjan وكلّand every يومٍday عادكمthat returns to you
والمهرجان وكلّ يومٍ عادكم
فيin لطفهits loveliness مماfrom what كستْit clothed أوor زَخرفتْadorned
في لطفه مما كستْ أو زَخرفتْ
Mihrjan, and every day that returns to you,
owe their loveliness to what these verses clothe or embellish.
فتملَّهاso long enjoy it وتملَّهand long enjoy it مَتلوَّةًrecited
فتملَّها وتملَّه مَتلوَّةً
ومُقابَلاًand welcomed ماwhenever كرّit returns أوor ماwhenever أُنشِدتْit is recited
ومُقابَلاً ما كرّ أو ما أُنشِدتْ
Long enjoy these verses and that festival, the former recited,
the latter welcomed, whenever it returns or they are sung,
حتىuntil ترىyou see الأجداثَthe graves تنفضُcasting out أهلَهاtheir inhabitants
حتى ترى الأجداثَ تنفضُ أهلَها
والشمسَand the sun فيin خضرائهاits green heaven قدalready كُوِّرتْis rolled up
والشمسَ في خضرائها قد كُوِّرتْ
until you see the graves cast out their inhabitants,
and the sun rolled up within its green heaven.
Partial English translation: 182 of 188 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1