عجبتُI marveled لمُرّat one fierce in النفسِspirit كيفَhow يُضامُhe is wronged
عجبتُ لمُرّ النفسِ كيفَ يُضامُ
وحرٍّand at a freeborn man يخافwho fears العتبَreproach وهوwhile he ينامُsleeps
وحرٍّ يخاف العتبَ وهو ينامُ
I marvel how a man of unyielding spirit can be wronged,
and how a freeborn man can fear reproach yet sleep;
وراضٍand at one content بأوساطِwith the middle ranks of الأمورaffairs فقاعدٌand so sitting idle
وراضٍ بأوساطِ الأمور فقاعدٌ
وفيهthough within him إلىtoward غاياتهنَّtheir furthest ends قيامُis strength to rise
وفيه إلى غاياتهنَّ قيامُ
and at one content with middling aims, sitting idle,
though he has the power to rise to their furthest ends.
سقىmay water اللهGod حرّاًa noble man عارفاknowing بزمانهhis age
سقى الله حرّاً عارفا بزمانه
تجاربُهُhis experiences قدalready شِبنَhave grown gray وهوwhile he غلامُis a youth
تجاربُهُ قد شِبنَ وهو غلامُ
May God send rain upon a noble man who knows his age,
whose experiences have grown gray while he is still a youth.
يخاطرhe risks منfrom علياهhis lofty worth خُبْراًknowingly بنفسهwith his own life
يخاطر من علياه خُبْراً بنفسه
وإنand even if شَلَّbecome crippled أقدامٌfeet وطُؤطىءَand are bowed هامُheads
وإن شَلَّ أقدامٌ وطُؤطىءَ هامُ
Knowing his own high worth, he stakes his life,
even when feet are crippled and heads bowed low.
يُسمّونthey call عيشاa life فيin الخمولobscurity سلامةًsafety
يُسمّون عيشا في الخمول سلامةً
وصحّةُand the health of أيامdays of الخمولobscurity سَقامُis sickness
وصحّةُ أيام الخمول سَقامُ
They call a life of obscurity safety,
but health in days of obscurity is sickness.
ويستعذبونand they find sweet الرزقَsustenance طالتhas grown powerful يدٌa hand بِهِthrough it
ويستعذبون الرزقَ طالت يدٌ بِهِ
إذاif أسمنَit fattens الأجسامbodies وهوَthough it is سِمامُpoisons
إذا أسمنَ الأجسام وهوَ سِمامُ
They relish sustenance that gives another's hand power over them,
if it fattens bodies, though it is deadly poison.
دعleave الناسَpeople فيماto what أجمعواthey agreed upon وامضand go on واحداalone
دع الناسَ فيما أجمعوا وامض واحدا
فنقصُكfor your absence ممنfrom those who لاnot يعدُّare counted تمامُis perfection
فنقصُك ممن لا يعدُّ تمامُ
Leave people to what they agree upon, and go on alone:
for your absence among those of no account is perfection.
وغِظْهمand anger them لعلّperhaps الغيظanger أنthat يتنَّبهواthey may awaken
وغِظْهم لعلّ الغيظ أن يتنَّبهوا
عليكto you بهthrough it فالغافلونfor the heedless نِيامُare asleep
عليك به فالغافلون نِيامُ
Anger them; perhaps their anger will awaken them
to take notice of you through it, for the heedless sleep.
تقدّمْadvance إذاwhen ماemphasis أخَّروكthey put you behind عليهمُahead of them
تقدّمْ إذا ما أخَّروك عليهمُ
ولاand do not تكbe مأموماone who is led وأنتwhile you are إمامُa leader
ولا تك مأموما وأنت إمامُ
Take the lead over them when they put you behind;
and do not be led when you are a leader.
تغرَّبseek foreign lands وراءin pursuit of العارفينthe discerning فربّماfor perhaps
تغرَّب وراء العارفين فربّما
أفادhas brought gain رحيلٌa journey ماnot أفادhas brought gain مُقامُstaying
أفاد رحيلٌ ما أفاد مُقامُ
Go abroad in search of men of discernment; perhaps
a journey may bring gains that staying never brought.
عسىperhaps هذهthis الأرضُearth الولودُever-fertile بماجدٍwith a noble man
عسى هذه الأرضُ الولودُ بماجدٍ
تُطَرِّقُwill go into labor واذكرand remember كيفhow سادbecame a lord عِصامُIsam
تُطَرِّقُ واذكر كيف ساد عِصامُ
Perhaps this fertile earth has a noble man
to bring forth; remember how Isam rose to lordship.
فإنfor indeed التيshe who جاءتbrought forth بمثلone like محمّدٍMuhammad
فإن التي جاءت بمثل محمّدٍ
لَيَخرُجُwill surely emerge منهاfrom her طيبونpure men كرامُnoble men
لَيَخرُجُ منها طيبون كرامُ
For the earth that brought forth one like Muhammad
will surely produce men pure and noble.
رويدَكgently بيwith me ياO رائديmy scout إنindeed مرتَعاa pasture
رويدَك بي يا رائدي إن مرتَعا
إذاwhen صدَقproves true to الوُرَّادthose coming to water فيهin it أقامواthey stay
إذا صدَق الوُرَّاد فيه أقاموا
Gently with me, my scout! A pasture
where water-seekers stay when its promise proves true
جميمٌfresh herbage علىaccording to قدْرthe measure of المشافرِcamels' lips نابتٌsprouting
جميمٌ على قدْر المشافرِ نابتٌ
وماءٌand water علىat حكمthe command of السُّقاةthe water-drawers جِمامُabundant
وماءٌ على حكم السُّقاة جِمامُ
has fresh grass growing to suit the camels' lips,
and abundant water at the water-drawers' command.
نشَدتُكI adjure you قرِّبْbring near ليto me معوَّدةَone accustomed to الطَّوىhunger
نشَدتُك قرِّبْ لي معوَّدةَ الطَّوى
عليهاfor her سوىexcept الماءwater العليقfodder حرامُis forbidden
عليها سوى الماء العليق حرامُ
I adjure you: bring me her who is accustomed to hunger;
for her, all fodder save water is forbidden.
إذاif ظهرthe back of طرفa noble steed لمnot يطقcan bear غيرother than فارسa rider
إذا ظهر طرف لم يطق غير فارس
ففُرسانُهاyet her riders المستبطنونthose within her belly زحامُare a throng
ففُرسانُها المستبطنون زحامُ
If a noble steed's back can bear only one rider,
yet her riders within her belly are a throng.
تَسَرَّبُshe slips along شَقَّlike the cleaving of الأَيْمِa serpent فيin التُّربِthe dust طَرْقَهُits path
تَسَرَّبُ شَقَّ الأَيْمِ في التُّربِ طَرْقَهُ
لهاshe has زبَدٌfoam منfrom شدّهاher racing ولُغامُand mouth-froth
لها زبَدٌ من شدّها ولُغامُ
She slips along as a serpent cleaves its path through dust,
with foam and mouth-froth from her racing.
كأنas though صفاءَthe clarity of الماءthe water ينفرجparts القَذَىthe floating debris
كأن صفاءَ الماء ينفرج القَذَى
بهاby her عنهُfrom it وجهٌa face عُطّwas torn away عنهfrom it لثامُa veil
بها عنهُ وجهٌ عُطّ عنه لثامُ
As though the water's clear surface, its debris parted
by her, were a face with its veil torn away.
منone of الحبشياتthe Abyssinian ones اللواتيwho إذاwhen انتمتshe declares her lineage
من الحبشيات اللواتي إذا انتمت
أسَّرconceals لهاfor her سامٌShem وأظهرَand proclaims حامُHam
أسَّر لها سامٌ وأظهرَ حامُ
She is one of those Abyssinians whose lineage, when she declares it,
Shem conceals, while Ham proclaims it.
إذاwhen رحلَتْshe sets out بالشُّرْعunder sails مرَّتshe speeds past كأنّهاas though she were
إذا رحلَتْ بالشُّرْع مرَّت كأنّها
جوافلُfleeing منfrom طَرْدthe pursuit of الشَّمالthe north wind نَعامُostriches
جوافلُ من طَرْد الشَّمال نَعامُ
When she sets out under sail, she passes like
ostriches fleeing the north wind's pursuit.
فإمّاthen if ركِبناهاwe board her فبلَّthen slakes غليلَهits burning thirst
فإمّا ركِبناها فبلَّ غليلَه
فؤادٌa heart بهwithin it إلىfor الكرامthe noble أوامُis burning thirst
فؤادٌ به إلى الكرام أوامُ
Should we board her, quenched will be the burning thirst
of a heart consumed with longing for the noble.
وإماbut if عداناkeeps us away للمقاديرby fate's decrees عائقٌa hindrance
وإما عدانا للمقادير عائقٌ
فماthen what تمنعwithhold الأقدارُthe fates كيفhow ترامُcan be sought
فما تمنع الأقدارُ كيف ترامُ
But if fate sets a hindrance to keep us away,
how can what the fates withhold be pursued?
وإِنand if تتقدَّمنيyou precede me فصِلْthen reach him وهديَّتيand my gift
وإِن تتقدَّمني فصِلْ وهديَّتي
صلاةٌa prayer إلىto سمعthe ear of العلاgreatness وسلامُand a salutation
صلاةٌ إلى سمع العلا وسلامُ
Should you precede me, reach him; my offering
is a prayer and a salutation to the ear of greatness.
فبلِّغْso convey it وقلand say لاnot طامعاhoping فيfor رجوعهhis turning back
فبلِّغْ وقل لا طامعا في رجوعه
إلامَuntil when علىfor فرطthe excess of السماحgenerosity تلامُare you blamed
إلامَ على فرط السماح تلامُ
Deliver it and say, without hoping he will turn back:
How long will you be blamed for giving without bounds?
وكمand how often يطمعhope الأعداءُthe enemies فيكagainst you بهزِّهمby their shaking
وكم يطمع الأعداءُ فيك بهزِّهم
وقدthough already جلَّhas risen far above عنbeyond شَمِّsmelling الترابthe dust شَمامُShamam
وقد جلَّ عن شَمِّ التراب شَمامُ
How often your enemies hope to prevail by shaking you,
though Shamam towers too high to smell the dust!
ألمdid not يكفهمsuffice them يومa day رجوهthey hoped for him فخيبواso were disappointed
ألم يكفهم يوم رجوه فخيبوا
ويومand a day وعامand a year جربوهthey tested him وعامُand a year
ويوم وعام جربوه وعامُ
Did not the day they hoped to shake him, but failed, suffice them,
and another day, a year of testing him, and another year?
وماand what أعلمmakes aware الحسَّادَthe enviers للشمسof the sun أنهمthat they
وما أعلم الحسَّادَ للشمس أنهم
فناءٌare transience علىthrough الأيّامthe days وهيwhile she is دوامُpermanence
فناءٌ على الأيّام وهي دوامُ
What can teach those who envy the sun that
they perish with the days, while she endures?
أبىhas forbidden اللهُGod والفضلand the excellence الذيthat فيكis in you والتُّقَىand piety
أبى اللهُ والفضل الذي فيك والتُّقَى
وكفٌّand a hand إذاwhen جفَّrun dry السحابُthe clouds سِجامُpouring forth
وكفٌّ إذا جفَّ السحابُ سِجامُ
God forbids it, as do the excellence within you and piety,
and a hand that pours when the clouds run dry,
وسيفانِand two swords هذاthis one حاسمa severer of الغيِّerror ماwhenever جرىit runs
وسيفانِ هذا حاسم الغيِّ ما جرى
وقُطَّand is trimmed وهذاand this one كيفhowever قَطَّit cuts حسامُa keen blade
وقُطَّ وهذا كيف قَطَّ حسامُ
and two swords: one severs error whenever it runs
and is trimmed; the other is a keen blade however it cuts.
وعارضةٌand eloquence منfrom عارضa cloud of الغيثrain أُرضعتْwere suckled
وعارضةٌ من عارض الغيث أُرضعتْ
خواطرُهاits inspirations فماand no لهنّfor them فِطامُweaning
خواطرُها فما لهنّ فِطامُ
And an eloquence: suckled from a rain cloud
are its inspirations, for which there is no weaning.
إذاwhen ترجمتْit interprets عنof بحرthe sea of علمكyour knowledge أعجمتbecome inarticulate
إذا ترجمتْ عن بحر علمك أعجمت
لهاbefore it ألسنtongues عُربٌArab ونابand takes their place كلامُspeech
لها ألسن عُربٌ وناب كلامُ
When it interprets the sea of your knowledge,
Arab tongues become inarticulate before it, and speech takes their place.
وكُتْبٌand letters تفضُّoutdo الروضَgardens نَشراin fragrance ومنظراand appearance
وكُتْبٌ تفضُّ الروضَ نَشرا ومنظرا
إذاwhen فُضَّis broken منfrom مَطْوِيِّهنَّtheir folded pages خِتامُa seal
إذا فُضَّ من مَطْوِيِّهنَّ خِتامُ
And letters that outdo gardens in fragrance and sight,
when the seal upon their folded pages is broken.
أباO father of حسنٍHasan أمطرتَyou have rained upon منّيَin me دوحةًa spreading tree
أبا حسنٍ أمطرتَ منّيَ دوحةً
تطولُit grows tall وتنمِيand flourishes والغمَامُwhile the clouds جَهَامُare rainless
تطولُ وتنمِي والغمَامُ جَهَامُ
Abu Hasan, you have rained upon a spreading tree in me,
which grows tall and flourishes while the clouds are rainless.
مباركةblessed تجنَىits fruit is gathered لأوّلِin the first حَوْلِهَاyear of its life
مباركة تجنَى لأوّلِ حَوْلِهَا
ويذَويwhile wither أراكٌarak trees حَولَهاaround it وبَشامُand balsam trees
ويذَوي أراكٌ حَولَها وبَشامُ
Blessed, its fruit is gathered in its very first year,
while arak and balsam trees wither around it.
وضعتُI have set سِناناa spearhead دونto shield عِرضكyour honor والغاlapping
وضعتُ سِنانا دون عِرضك والغا
دَماًblood ولساناand a tongue إنif أُجِدَّis pursued earnestly خصامُa dispute
دَماً ولسانا إن أُجِدَّ خصامُ
I have set a spearhead to shield your honor, lapping
blood, and a tongue should dispute grow earnest.
وأسمنتَand you fattened أيّاميmy days فعدنso they became بدائناstout
وأسمنتَ أيّامي فعدن بدائنا
وهنّwhen they were جلودٌskins منfrom ضَناًwasting sickness وعظامُand bones
وهنّ جلودٌ من ضَناً وعظامُ
You have fattened my days, and they have grown stout,
though wasting sickness had left them skin and bones.
وكمand how often مُدّwas stretched بينthe distance to المجدِglory لمّاwhen دعوتُهمI summoned them
وكم مُدّ بين المجدِ لمّا دعوتُهم
وإيّاكand you فيin الجُلَّىthe great ordeal شرقتَyou shone forth وعامواand they swam
وإيّاك في الجُلَّى شرقتَ وعاموا
How often the distance to glory stretched out, when I summoned them
and you for a great ordeal: you shone forth, while they swam.
فلاso may not يُعدِمنكdeprive you الحمدُpraise منيfrom me شوارداfar-roaming verses
فلا يُعدِمنك الحمدُ مني شواردا
لهنّthey have علىdespite بعدthe distance of المسيرthe journey مُقامُan abiding place
لهنّ على بعد المسير مُقامُ
May praise never deny you my far-roaming verses,
which have an abiding place, however far they journey.
منof الكَلِمwords المختصِّspecially chosen يعلمhe knows ماwhat أتىhe has wrought
من الكَلِم المختصِّ يعلم ما أتى
وفيهand within it كماjust as فيهwithin it قائليهits speakers طَغامُrabble
وفيه كما فيه قائليه طَغامُ
Of choice words: he knows what he has wrought,
and what lies in them, just as it is—though their speakers are rabble.
مولّدةof mixed birth ماthe space بينbetween كسرىKisra ويعرُبٍand Ya'rub
مولّدة ما بين كسرى ويعرُبٍ
وفيand in السيفthe sword ماءwater كامنhidden وضرامُand flame
وفي السيف ماء كامن وضرامُ
Of mixed birth, between Kisra and Ya'rub,
and in a sword lie hidden water and flame.
أصولٌroots لهاfor them قصرُthe palace of المدائنal-Mada'in خُطَّةٌallotted ground
أصولٌ لها قصرُ المدائن خُطَّةٌ
وفرعٌand a branch بهاin them بالأبطحينin the two Abtahs خيامُtents
وفرعٌ بها بالأبطحين خيامُ
Their roots have the palace of al-Mada'in as their ground,
and a branch whose tents stand in the two Abtahs.
فمُلِّيتَهاso may you long enjoy them كفئاًa worthy match عَروفاwell aware بحقّهاof their due
فمُلِّيتَها كفئاً عَروفا بحقّها
لهاfor them منكfrom you كِفْلٌa guardian ناهضٌcapable وقِوامٌand support
لها منك كِفْلٌ ناهضٌ وقِوامٌ
May you long enjoy them, a fitting match who knows their due;
in you they have an able guardian and support.
وعشتَand may you live وعاشand may live الحاسدوكthose who envy you بدائهمwith their disease
وعشتَ وعاش الحاسدوك بدائهم
فإنfor indeed حياةthe life of الحاسدينthe envious حِمامُis death
فإن حياة الحاسدين حِمامُ
May you live, and may your enviers live with their disease,
for the life of the envious is death.
Sol 6.1