إذاwhen عارضٌa raincloud نحوَtoward أرضٍa land عدَلْturned
إذا عارضٌ نحوَ أرضٍ عدَلْ
وطابand grew pleasant الهواءُthe air لهfor it واعتدلْand became temperate
وطاب الهواءُ له واعتدلْ
When a raincloud turns toward a land,
And the air grows pleasant and temperate for it,
ومرَّand passed فجانبَthen avoided صوبَthe direction of الجَنوthe south (continued)
ومرَّ فجانبَ صوبَ الجَنو
بِcompletes 'south' منحدراًdescending بالشِّمالin the north wind اشتملْwrapped itself
بِ منحدراً بالشِّمال اشتملْ
And passing, it avoids the direction of the south,
Descending, it wraps itself in the north wind.
إذاwhen شامsighted دارَthe dwelling of كرامٍgenerous folk جرتْflowed
إذا شام دارَ كرامٍ جرتْ
عَزَاليهِits rain-spouts أوor دارَa dwelling of لؤمٍmeanness عَزَلwithdrew
عَزَاليهِ أو دارَ لؤمٍ عَزَل
When it sights the home of generous folk, there flow
Its rain-spouts; at a home of meanness, it withdraws.
بفارسَtoward Persia أَمَّheaded ودارand the house of الحسيal-Husayn (continued)
بفارسَ أَمَّ ودار الحسي
نcompletes 'al-Husayn' أحببhow dear! بشيرازَShiraz (exclamatory) منهاin that land نزلْsettled
ن أحبب بشيرازَ منها نزلْ
It headed for Persia and al-Husayn's house—
How dear is Shiraz, where he settled!
ومَنand whoever جاورَlived beside الغيثَthe rain أنَّىwherever أقاdwelt (continued)
ومَن جاورَ الغيثَ أنَّى أقا
مcompletes 'dwelt' يتبعُهfollows him الغيثُthe rain أنَّىwherever رحلْdeparted
م يتبعُه الغيثُ أنَّى رحلْ
And whoever neighbors the rain, wherever he dwells,
The rain follows him wherever he travels.
بلىyes indeed إنif أعادrestored حياهits rain حياًalive
بلى إن أعاد حياه حياً
وكانand was عتيقَa freedman of سحابٍa cloud رحلْdeparted
وكان عتيقَ سحابٍ رحلْ
Yes, if its rain restores someone to life,
Who was a freedman of a cloud now departed,
فساهمْهُthen give it a share منof عَبرتيmy tears ماas much as أطاقَit could bear
فساهمْهُ من عَبرتي ما أطاقَ
وحمِّلْهand load it منwith زفرتيmy sigh ماas much as حملْit carried
وحمِّلْه من زفرتي ما حملْ
Then give it from my tears as much as it can bear,
And load it with as much of my sighing as it can carry.
وقلand say إنif سئلتyou are asked بشيرازin Shiraz مَنْwho?
وقل إن سئلت بشيراز مَنْ
قتيلُone slain by اشتياقٍlonging إليناto us نُقِلْwas conveyed
قتيلُ اشتياقٍ إلينا نُقِلْ
And say, if asked in Shiraz, 'Who?':
One slain by longing, conveyed to us;
وواليكُمُand your loyal friend لمnot يُحلْهchange him البعادُdistance
وواليكُمُ لم يُحلْه البعادُ
وعاشقُكمand your lover لمnot يَرُعْهdaunt him العذَلْreproach
وعاشقُكم لم يَرُعْه العذَلْ
And your loyal friend, whom distance has not changed,
And your lover, whom reproach has not daunted,
يؤمِّلhopes for كبتَthe humiliation of أعاديكُمُyour enemies
يؤمِّل كبتَ أعاديكُمُ
وقدand indeed حقّقfulfilled اللهGod ذاكthat الأملْhope
وقد حقّق الله ذاك الأملْ
Hopes for your enemies' humiliation;
And God has indeed fulfilled that hope.
وخانكand betrayed you منthe one whom كذَّبتهbelied him الظنونُexpectations
وخانك من كذَّبته الظنونُ
وكذَّبand belied فيكin your case الرُّقَىspells والحِيلْand schemes
وكذَّب فيك الرُّقَى والحِيلْ
And one whom expectations belied betrayed you,
And gave the lie, in your case, to spells and schemes,
رِضىًcontentment بالوشايةwith slander دونrather than اللقاءconfrontation
رِضىً بالوشاية دون اللقاء
وماand not تلكthat منamong عزَماتthe firm resolves of البطلْthe hero
وما تلك من عزَمات البطلْ
Content with slander rather than confrontation—
And that is not among a hero's firm resolves.
إذاwhen سرتَyou advanced منتصراvictorious بالنهوthrough rising to action (continued)
إذا سرتَ منتصرا بالنهو
ضِcompletes 'rising to action' كاتبَhe wrote معتذراًmaking excuses بالفشلْwith faintheartedness
ضِ كاتبَ معتذراً بالفشلْ
When you advanced, victorious through rising to action,
He wrote, pleading faintheartedness as his excuse.
فكانso there was لكfor you السؤلُthe wish لمّاwhen نهضتَyou rose
فكان لك السؤلُ لمّا نهضتَ
وكانand there was لهfor him السوءُmisfortune لمّاwhen نكلْhe shrank back
وكان له السوءُ لمّا نكلْ
So you had your wish when you rose to action,
And he had misfortune when he shrank back.
هنَتْكَmay they bring you joy وشائحُbonds علَّقتَهاyou fastened them
هنَتْكَ وشائحُ علَّقتَها
يدَthe hand of الملكthe king عُروتُهاtheir loop ماnot تُحَلّْis untied
يدَ الملك عُروتُها ما تُحَلّْ
May the bonds you have fastened bring you joy,
To the king's hand—their loop is never untied—
وغنَّاءُand luxuriant منof رايةٍa banner أسكنتhas sheltered
وغنَّاءُ من رايةٍ أسكنت
كyou (attached to preceding verb) ظلّاًa shade لهاof its own ليسis not بالمنتقِلْshifting
ك ظلّاً لها ليس بالمنتقِلْ
And a luxuriant banner that has sheltered
You beneath its shade, which never shifts.
وبعدُand now فسلْthen ask بفؤاديabout my heart وعنand about
وبعدُ فسلْ بفؤادي وعن
تلاعبِthe toying of شوقيmy longing بهwith it لاdo not تسلْask
تلاعبِ شوقي به لا تسلْ
And now, inquire after my heart; but of
My longing's toying with it, do not ask.
وظُنَّand think بعينيَّof my two eyes لاnot ماwhat يُقِرُّgives comfort
وظُنَّ بعينيَّ لا ما يُقِرُّ
إذاwhen فاضoverflowed دمعُهماthe tears of both فانهملْthen streamed down
إذا فاض دمعُهما فانهملْ
Think of my eyes, but not of what might soothe them,
When their tears overflow and stream down.
أمرُّI pass بداركby your house مستسقياًseeking water
أمرُّ بدارك مستسقياً
فأرجعُthen I return وهيwhile it عِدادُnumbered among العَلَلْafflictions
فأرجعُ وهي عِدادُ العَلَلْ
I pass your house seeking water,
And return with it numbered among my afflictions.
أردِّدُI keep repeating هلwill? زمنيmy days راجعٌreturning
أردِّدُ هل زمني راجعٌ
بربعكِat your abode قالتshe said نعمyes بعدafter هَلْwill?
بربعكِ قالت نعم بعد هَلْ
I keep asking, 'Will my days return
At your abode?' She said 'Yes' after my 'Will?'
تمهَّلْwait patiently فغيرfor not بعيدٍfar off تراهyou will see it
تمهَّلْ فغير بعيدٍ تراه
وكمand how often عجِلَhastened الحظُّfortune بعدafter المهَلْdelay
وكم عجِلَ الحظُّ بعد المهَلْ
'Wait; before long you will see it.
How often fortune has hastened after delay!
ويأمرُand commands فيكconcerning you بماwith what لاnot يُرَدis refused (continued)
ويأمرُ فيك بما لا يُرَد
دُcompletes 'is refused' ليسnot كماas خالفdisobeyed ابنُIbn (son of) الجَمَلْal-Jamal
دُ ليس كما خالف ابنُ الجَمَلْ
And it commands concerning you what cannot be refused,
Not as Ibn al-Jamal disobeyed.'
فقلتso I said أقصُّI recount عليهto him الحديثَthe story
فقلت أقصُّ عليه الحديثَ
لعلِّيَperhaps I أُنصَفُshall receive justice قالتshe said أجلْyes
لعلِّيَ أُنصَفُ قالت أجلْ
So I said, 'I shall recount the story to him,
Perhaps I shall receive justice.' She said, 'Yes.'
لكfor you الخيرُgoodness شكوىthe complaint of ذليلِone humbled by السؤاbegging (continued)
لك الخيرُ شكوى ذليلِ السؤا
لِcompletes 'begging' لوif كنتَyou had been حاضرَهpresent with him لمnot يُذَلّْbe abased
لِ لو كنتَ حاضرَه لم يُذَلّْ
May good be yours! This is the complaint of one abased by begging:
Had you been present with him, he would not have been abased.
كرُمتَyou were generous ابتداءًwithout being asked كماas قدalready علمknew (continued)
كرُمتَ ابتداءً كما قد علم
تَyou (completing 'you knew') كالغيثlike rain لمnot يَنتظِرْwait أنto يُسَلْbe asked
تَ كالغيث لم يَنتظِرْ أن يُسَلْ
You were generous unasked, as you already know,
Like rain, which did not wait to be asked.
فعارضَthen opposed أمرَكyour command بالإمتناwith refusal (continued)
فعارضَ أمرَك بالإمتنا
عcompletes 'refusal' علجٌa boor إذاwhen حفَّencircled رضوَىRadwa ثَقُلْgrew heavy
ع علجٌ إذا حفَّ رضوَى ثَقُلْ
But your command was opposed with refusal
By a boor who grows heavy when he encircles Radwa.
وقالand he said ويكذبُwhile lying سيّانِthe same ماwhat
وقال ويكذبُ سيّانِ ما
أُحيلwas assigned علىَّto me وماand what لمnot يُحَلْbe assigned
أُحيل علىَّ وما لم يُحَلْ
And he said—lying—'It is all the same what
Is assigned to me and what is not.'
وقدand indeed كنتُI had كاتبتُهI wrote to him مرّةًonce
وقد كنتُ كاتبتُه مرّةً
فأبرمَthen concluded ماwhat بينناwas between us وانفصلْand broke away
فأبرمَ ما بيننا وانفصلْ
I had indeed written to him once,
And he concluded our dealings, then broke away.
فأحسبso I suppose أنّthat عبيدَthe slaves of الصليthe Cross (continued)
فأحسب أنّ عبيدَ الصلي
بcompletes 'the Cross' تذكُرُremember ماwhat بينناlies between us منof ذَحَلْan old feud
ب تذكُرُ ما بيننا من ذَحَلْ
So I suppose that the slaves of the Cross
Remember the old feud between us,
وماand what جنتperpetrated الفرسُthe Persians أُولىthe earliest part of الزمانِtime
وما جنت الفرسُ أُولى الزمانِ
علىagainst الرومthe Romans فاقتصَّنيso he took vengeance on me بالأُولْfor the old wrongs
على الروم فاقتصَّني بالأُولْ
And what the Persians perpetrated in earliest times
Against the Romans; so he avenged the old wrongs on me.
كأنّيas though I أناmyself قلتI said فيabout مريمٍMary
كأنّي أنا قلت في مريمٍ
وحاشand far be it لهاfrom her منof تقيّpure الحبلْconception
وحاش لها من تقيّ الحبلْ
As though I myself had spoken against Mary—
Far be it from her, whose conception was pure—
وشاركتُand I joined فيin دمِthe blood of عيسىJesus اليهودَthe Jews
وشاركتُ في دمِ عيسى اليهودَ
كماas عندهaccording to him أنّthat عيسىJesus قُتِلْwas killed
كما عنده أنّ عيسى قُتِلْ
And had joined the Jews in shedding Jesus' blood,
As he believes that Jesus was killed;
وهدّمتand I demolished مذبحthe altar of مَرْسَرْجِسٍMar Sarjis
وهدّمت مذبح مَرْسَرْجِسٍ
وأطفأتُand I extinguished قنديلَهits lamp المشتعِلْburning
وأطفأتُ قنديلَه المشتعِلْ
And had demolished Mar Sarjis's altar,
And extinguished its burning lamp;
وحرَمتand I forbade وحديَدونI alone, apart from الأناhumankind (continued)
وحرَمت وحديَدون الأنا
مcompletes 'humankind' منof لحمِthe flesh of خنزيرهhis pig ماwhat استحلّْhe deemed lawful
م من لحمِ خنزيره ما استحلّْ
And I alone, apart from all humankind, had forbidden
What he deemed lawful of his pig's flesh;
وكشَّفتُand I revealed عنconcerning ولَدِthe child of الجاثليقthe Catholicos
وكشَّفتُ عن ولَدِ الجاثليق
وماand not عرفواthey have known جاثليقاًa Catholicos نَسَلْbegot children
وما عرفوا جاثليقاً نَسَلْ
And revealed the Catholicos's child,
Though they have known no Catholicos who begot children.
ولمْand why لاnot يغالطُنيcheat me فيin الحساthe accounts (continued)
ولمْ لا يغالطُني في الحسا
بcompletes 'the accounts' منone who عندهaccording to him أنّthat ربّاًa god نَجَلْbegot offspring
ب من عنده أنّ ربّاً نَجَلْ
And why should he not cheat me in the accounts—
One who believes that a god begot offspring,
وأنand that ثلاثتَهhis three واحدٌone
وأن ثلاثتَه واحدٌ
ويزعُمand claims منwhoever ردَّrejected هذاthis جهِلْwas ignorant
ويزعُم من ردَّ هذا جهِلْ
And that his three are one,
And claims whoever rejects this is ignorant?
وعنديand I have لهfor him الأسهمُthe arrows القاصداتُaimed
وعندي له الأسهمُ القاصداتُ
بِشَرِّwith the worst of المقَاوِلِutterances سودَblack المُقَلْeyes
بِشَرِّ المقَاوِلِ سودَ المُقَلْ
And I have for him arrows aimed
With the worst of utterances at his eyes' black pupils:
قوافٍrhymes تؤدُّweigh heavy فلوso if عُدِّلتْwere balanced
قوافٍ تؤدُّ فلو عُدِّلتْ
علىon جنبthe flank of والدِهِhis father ماnot حَملْhe carried
على جنب والدِهِ ما حَملْ
Rhymes that weigh heavy; were they balanced
On his father's flank, he could not bear them.
فمرْنِيَthen command me فيهconcerning him ودعْهand leave him معيwith me
فمرْنِيَ فيه ودعْه معي
فوارحمتَاthen oh, pity! منfrom يدِيmy hand للسِّفَلْfor the lowly
فوارحمتَا من يدِي للسِّفَلْ
So give me orders concerning him, and leave him with me.
Ah, pity the lowly at my hands!
ومنand whoever أكلَconsumed السُّحتَillicit gains كلبٌa dog إذاwhen
ومن أكلَ السُّحتَ كلبٌ إذا
سمحتَyou gave generously بمالكof your wealth عفواًfreely, unasked بَخِلْhe was miserly
سمحتَ بمالك عفواً بَخِلْ
And whoever devours illicit gains is a dog: when
You freely give your wealth, he is miserly.
متىwhen كانwas أمرُكyour command لولاbut for الشقيُّthe wretch
متى كان أمرُك لولا الشقيُّ
يُردُّrefused وحاشاكand far be it from you ممّاfrom what فعلْhe did
يُردُّ وحاشاك ممّا فعلْ
When, but for this wretch, was your command ever
Refused? Far be it from you to do what he did!
Sol 6.1