تروَّحَdeparted at evening منfrom وَجرةَWajrah الظاعنوناthe departing travelers
تروَّحَ من وَجرةَ الظاعنونا
فكانand it came to pass الذيwhat ساءَنيgrieved me أنthat يكوناit should happen
فكان الذي ساءَني أن يكونا
The travelers departed from Wajrah at evening,
The slanderers strayed from your sanctuary
and what grieved me came to pass.
What pained me was that they were
يميناًby an oath لَعَزَّindeed became difficult مرامُthe pursuit of السلوsolace (continued)
يميناً لَعَزَّ مرامُ السلو
وِ(completes 'solace') أنthat تتركواyou leave جنبَthe flank of خَبتٍKhabt يميناon the right
وِ أن تتركوا جنبَ خَبتٍ يمينا
I swear, the quest for solace became hard
The supporters of those with base desires
when you left the flank of Khabt to your right.
That you would abandon the side of the devout
هوًىlove بعدَهمafter them أَمَمnear لاnot يَريcease (continued)
هوًى بعدَهم أَمَم لا يَري
م(completes 'cease') يسألُasks عنهمabout them مَزاراa place of visitation شَطوناfar-distant
م يسألُ عنهم مَزارا شَطونا
Love remains close after them, never ceasing
After them came nations that do not see right
to ask after them at a far-distant dwelling.
No shrine asks after them on the shore
رميتُI cast بطَرفيmy gaze ومِنْand from مثلِthe like of ماwhat
رميتُ بطَرفي ومِنْ مثلِ ما
جنَىit wrought تتشكَّىcomplain of القلوبُhearts العيوناthe eyes
جنَى تتشكَّى القلوبُ العيونا
I cast my gaze—and for such deeds
I glanced with my eyes, and like what
as it wrought, hearts complain of eyes—
The hearts and eyes suffer from
وراءَbehind الحُمولthe laden camels إلىuntil أنthat قتلslew (continued)
وراءَ الحُمول إلى أن قتل
تُI (verb ending) شكَّthe doubt of الفراقِseparation بعينيwith my own eyes يقيناwith certainty
تُ شكَّ الفراقِ بعيني يقينا
after the laden camels, until I slew
Behind the sand dunes until they killed
doubt of parting with the certainty of my own eyes.
My eyes are certain of the agony of parting
وقدand already ماتhad died إنسانُهاits pupil حَيرةًin bewilderment
وقد مات إنسانُها حَيرةً
فغادرتُهso I left it فيin دموعيmy tears دفيناburied
فغادرتُه في دموعي دفينا
The pupil of my eye had died bewildered,
And her companion died confused
so I left it buried in my tears.
So I left him in my tears buried
وفيand in الركبthe caravan معرفةُrecognition of الإنتسابlineage
وفي الركب معرفةُ الإنتساب
إذاwhen ماindeed القدودthe slender figures ادَّعينclaimed الغصوناthe boughs
إذا ما القدود ادَّعين الغصونا
In the caravan, lineage can be recognized
Among the caravan is knowing lineage
when slender figures claim the boughs as kin.
When the pretentious claim the branches
إذاَwhen شعشعتْshe made glitter قبسَيْthe two flames of وجهِهاher face
إذاَ شعشعتْ قبسَيْ وجهِها
عنتbowed لهماbefore them both بقرُthe oryx of الرملthe sands عِيناwide-eyed
عنت لهما بقرُ الرمل عِينا
When she makes her face's two flames glitter,
When the light of her face radiates
the wide-eyed oryx of the sands bow before them.
The eyelids mean for them the grit of sand
تشيرshe gestures إليَّto me بأُسروعةٍwith a worm-slender finger
تشير إليَّ بأُسروعةٍ
تكادshe almost وماthough she has not أفصحتْspoken plainly أنto تُبيناmake herself understood
تكاد وما أفصحتْ أن تُبينا
She beckons to me with a worm-slender finger,
She gestures to me hastily
almost making herself understood, though she has not spoken.
She almost speaks but cannot explain
إذاwhen خشِيتْshe fears ظمأًthirst لمnot يزلcease
إذا خشِيتْ ظمأً لم يزل
لهاfor her مددٌa supply منfrom دمِthe blood of العاشقيناlovers
لها مددٌ من دمِ العاشقينا
Whenever she fears thirst, there is always
When thirsty, she has
a supply for her from lovers' blood.
A supply from the blood of lovers
أناملُfingers يُبسَطْنَare extended رُسْلَas messengers of الوفاءِfidelity
أناملُ يُبسَطْنَ رُسْلَ الوفاءِ
إلىَّtoward me ويُقبَضْنَand are closed للكاشحيناagainst the spiteful
إلىَّ ويُقبَضْنَ للكاشحينا
Fingers are extended as messengers of fidelity
Her fingers extend the messengers of loyalty
toward me, and closed against the spiteful.
To me and withdraw for the ungrateful
فتاةٌa maiden رأتwho saw خطَلاًunsteadiness فيin القناةthe spear-shaft
فتاةٌ رأت خطَلاً في القناة
فألقتْso she cast عليهاupon it اعتدالاstraightness وليناand suppleness
فألقتْ عليها اعتدالا ولينا
A maiden who saw unsteadiness in the spear-shaft
A girl saw a palm tree in the canal
and cast upon it straightness and suppleness.
So she leaned towards it gently
تنغَّصُshe is vexed بالوَردِby the roses فيon خدّهاher cheek
تنغَّصُ بالوَردِ في خدّها
إذاif لمnot تجدْنِيَshe finds me فيamong المجتنيناthe gatherers
إذا لم تجدْنِيَ في المجتنينا
She is troubled by the roses on her cheek
The roses in her cheek ache
if she does not find me among those who pluck them.
When she cannot find me among the gatherers
إذاwhen قلَّبتْshe turns قَدَماa foot أوor يداًa hand
إذا قلَّبتْ قَدَما أو يداً
تمنَّتlonged يَدِيmy hand قُلُباًto be bracelets أوor بُرِيناanklets
تمنَّت يَدِي قُلُباً أو بُرِينا
When she turns a foot or a hand,
When she moves a foot or a hand
my hand longs to become a bracelet or an anklet.
She wishes my heart or sight was near
وتحتand beneath الرحالِthe saddles صعابُbeasts powerful in الخُطاstride
وتحت الرحالِ صعابُ الخُطا
يدُسنَthey trample سهولَthe level plains of الفيافيthe deserts حُزُوناinto rugged ground
يدُسنَ سهولَ الفيافي حُزُونا
Beneath the saddles are beasts of mighty stride,
Under the luggage are the difficulties of love
whose tread turns the desert's smooth plains rugged.
Creeping into the plains of al-Fayy sadly
سواءٌthe same عليهنto them يومَon the day of الوداعfarewell
سواءٌ عليهن يومَ الوداع
حُذِينَthey were shod with دَماًblood أوor لبينٍfor separation حُدِيناwere driven by song
حُذِينَ دَماً أو لبينٍ حُدِينا
On parting-day, it is all the same to them
It is the same for them the day of farewell
whether shod with blood or sung onward to separation.
Covered in blood or clad in white
إذاwhen ماindeed افتلينthey graze جِمامthe lush growth of الرياthe meadows (continued)
إذا ما افتلين جِمام الريا
ض(completes 'meadows') أجممنهاthey leave them rested واجتررنand chew as cud البطوناtheir bellies
ض أجممنها واجتررن البطونا
When they graze the meadows' luxuriant growth,
When the camel litters are opened
they leave it rested and chew their bellies as cud.
They gather them and roll up the sedan chairs
ذوَىwithered البقلُthe herbage منfrom حرِّthe heat of أنفاسهنَّtheir breaths
ذوَى البقلُ من حرِّ أنفاسهنَّ
كأنِّيَas though I أعديتُهنّinfected them with الحنيناlonging
كأنِّيَ أعديتُهنّ الحنينا
The herbage withered in the heat of their breath,
The onions withered from their heated breath
as though I had infected them with my longing.
As if I deprived them of yearning
حَمَىmay protect اللهُGod والعربيُّand the Arab الذماin covenant (continued)
حَمَى اللهُ والعربيُّ الذما
مِ(completes 'covenant') عهداa pledge علىconcerning وجرةٍWajrah أنlest يميناit prove false
مِ عهدا على وجرةٍ أن يمينا
May God, and the Arab true to his bond, protect
May God protect the blood and the one who holds it
a pledge upon Wajrah, lest it prove false.
After a pact at the sanctuary to be loyal
وحيَّاand may He greet وُجوهاfaces تميميَّةًof Tamim
وحيَّا وُجوها تميميَّةً
صرائحَpure in lineage ماnot كانwas حسنٌbeauty هجيناof mixed stock
صرائحَ ما كان حسنٌ هجينا
And may He greet faces of Tamim,
He brought life to Tameemi faces
pure of lineage, whose beauty was never of mixed stock.
Whose honesty was not base
مزجنَthey mixed الجمالَbeauty بماءwith the water of الحياmodesty (continued)
مزجنَ الجمالَ بماء الحيا
ءِ(completes 'modesty') لوif only رَفَقwas kind المزجُthe mixing بالشاربيناto the drinkers
ءِ لو رَفَق المزجُ بالشاربينا
They mixed beauty with the water of modesty—
They blended beauty with the water of life
if only that mixture were kind to those who drink!
If only the blend was gentle with the drinkers
وأَرهفنَand they sharpened قبلُearlier نُصولَthe blade-points of العيونthe eyes
وأَرهفنَ قبلُ نُصولَ العيون
فقَدَّتْso they cut through ولمand did not تتخاذلْfalter طعيناagainst a stabbed victim
فقَدَّتْ ولم تتخاذلْ طعينا
Earlier they sharpened the blade-points of their eyes,
And they sharpened the tips of glances
which sliced through their victim, never faltering.
So it almost did not delay in disclosing
ألاah طرَباًrapture ياO مغنِّيsinger to القِلاصِthe young she-camels
ألا طرَباً يا مغنِّي القِلاصِ
بهمof them وهيْwhile they تصعُبُresist حتىuntil تليناthey grow docile
بهم وهيْ تصعُبُ حتى تلينا
Ah, sing rapturously, singer to the young she-camels,
Oh, the disturbance, O singer of Qilas
of them, while the beasts resist, until they grow docile.
To them as she walks proudly until soft
أعدْrepeat إنّindeed ذكرَهُمُtheir mention عُوذَةٌa protective charm
أعدْ إنّ ذكرَهُمُ عُوذَةٌ
ولاand do not تحسبreckon الحبَّlove إلاanything but جُنوناmadness
ولا تحسب الحبَّ إلا جُنونا
Repeat it: their mention is a protective charm;
Know that remembering them is a refuge
and reckon love nothing but madness.
And do not think love is anything but madness
حنتنيbent me الخطوبُcalamities فماليso why do I ألومblame
حنتني الخطوبُ فمالي ألوم
علىfor سرعةthe swiftness of الهَرَمِold age الأربعيناthe forty years
على سرعة الهَرَمِ الأربعينا
Calamities have bent me; why then do I blame
Old age has bent me so why should I blame
my forty years for such swift old age?
The speed of forty years
وأعجبُand I marvel منat قبلهاbefore that كيفhow شبgrew gray
وأعجبُ من قبلها كيف شب
تُI (verb ending) والشيبُwhile gray hair لاdoes not يستشيرconsult السنيناthe years
تُ والشيبُ لا يستشير السنينا
I marvel how, even before that, I grew gray,
And I'm amazed how youth grew
for gray hair does not consult the years.
While grey hair does not consult years
لئنeven if أكثَرتْmultiplied عثَراتُthe stumblings of الخطوبcalamities
لئن أكثَرتْ عثَراتُ الخطوب
بحظِّيin my lot جرائحَهاtheir wounds والوهُوناand weaknesses
بحظِّي جرائحَها والوهُونا
Though the stumblings of calamity have multiplied
If the stumbling of old age has increased
their wounds and weaknesses in my lot,
Its wounds and weakness on me
فقدyet indeed فرَّbolted منّيfrom me لجَاجَthe obstinacy of الزماtime (continued)
فقد فرَّ منّي لجَاجَ الزما
نِ(completes 'time') قارحُa full-grown steed عشرٍof ten years أبيّاًdefiant حَروناbalking
نِ قارحُ عشرٍ أبيّاً حَرونا
yet out of me, defying time's persistence, has bolted
So the relentless passage of time has fled
a ten-year-old steed, proud and balking.
From me, stubbornly running for ten years
سلِask الحادثاتِmisfortunes علىdespite ماwhat غمزpressed (continued)
سلِ الحادثاتِ على ما غمز
نthey (feminine verb ending) جنبِيَmy side هلdid وَجَدfind الغمزُthe pressure ليناsoftness
ن جنبِيَ هل وَجَد الغمزُ لينا
Ask calamities: though they have squeezed
Ask the events if they have nudged
my side, has their squeezing found it soft?
My side - did the nudge find me soft?
وهلand did سمعتْthey hear ليfrom me إلىuntil أنthat بَعثsent forth (continued)
وهل سمعتْ لي إلى أن بَعث
تُI (verb ending) فيamong أهلthe people of ودِّيmy affection لشكوىin complaint أنيناa groan
تُ في أهل ودِّي لشكوى أنينا
And did they hear from me, until I sent forth
And have you heard me moan to my people
a groan of complaint among my friends?
When she sent me to complain of groaning
فياليتهاso if only they قنِعتْwere content فيamid الخطوبcalamities
فياليتها قنِعتْ في الخطوب
بنفسيwith me ورفَّهتand gave ease to الآخَريناthe others
بنفسي ورفَّهت الآخَرينا
If only they had been content, in their calamities,
I wish she had been satisfied in marriage
with me alone, and given ease to others!
With myself and ignored others
وياليتَهاand if only they حينwhen لمnot تنتفعthey benefited
وياليتَها حين لم تنتفع
بحربيَfrom war with me تجنحُinclined للسّلمto peace حيناfor a while
بحربيَ تجنحُ للسّلم حينا
And if only, when they gained nothing
And I wish when she did not benefit
from war with me, they inclined to peace awhile!
From my war, she would incline to peace
وقدand indeed جرَّبتْنِيَthey tried me قِرْناas an adversary فماbut did not
وقد جرَّبتْنِيَ قِرْنا فما
وفَتْmatch بيme فهلَّاso why not اجتبتنيchoose me قريناas a companion
وفَتْ بي فهلَّا اجتبتني قرينا
They have tried me as an adversary, yet could not
She tested me for a while but was not
match me: why did they not choose me as a companion?
Faithful to me - why did she not choose me as a pair?
وفيتُI dealt faithfully بدهريwith my age وأيامِهand its days
وفيتُ بدهري وأيامِه
ولكنbut عجزتُI was powerless عنagainst الحاسديناthe envious
ولكن عجزتُ عن الحاسدينا
I was faithful to my age and its days,
I was faithful to my time and its days
but was powerless against the envious.
But I failed against the envious
وكيفand how يصحُّcan remain sound بياضُthe whiteness of الوفاfidelity (continued)
وكيف يصحُّ بياضُ الوفا
ءِ(completes 'fidelity') يوماfor a day علىamid كثرةthe multitude of الصابغيناthose who stain
ءِ يوما على كثرة الصابغينا
How can the whiteness of fidelity remain sound
How can the whiteness of loyalty remain
for a single day, with so many staining it?
One day when there are many who dye it?
إذاwhen كشفَreveals الخُبْرُexperience عيبَthe faults of الرجالmen
إذا كشفَ الخُبْرُ عيبَ الرجال
فدامْجthen overlook faults ودعْand leave كلَّevery عيبٍfault ظُنوناas suspicions
فدامْج ودعْ كلَّ عيبٍ ظُنونا
When experience exposes men's faults,
When experience exposes the faults of men
show forbearance, and leave each fault as mere suspicion.
Withdraw and leave every assumed fault
لَحاmay curse اللهُGod كلَّevery أجبِّman bereft of الحفاظloyalty
لَحا اللهُ كلَّ أجبِّ الحفاظ
بعيداfar منfrom الرشدright guidance عقلاin reason وديناand religion
بعيدا من الرشد عقلا ودينا
May God curse every man bereft of loyalty,
May God dissolve the minds of every
far from right guidance in reason and religion.
Morally corrupt preserver, far from righteousness and faith
يعُدُّhe considers الكرامةَcourtesy وجهَa guise of النفاقhypocrisy
يعُدُّ الكرامةَ وجهَ النفاق
ويرضَىand is content بأفعالهthrough his deeds أنto يهوناbecome contemptible
ويرضَى بأفعاله أن يهونا
He regards courtesy as a guise for hypocrisy,
Who considers dignity to be the face of hypocrisy
and is content for his deeds to make him contemptible.
And is content for his actions to be degraded
تكلَّمhe spoke حلواsweetly وتحتwhile beneath الضلوthe ribs (continued)
تكلَّم حلوا وتحت الضلو
عِ(completes 'ribs') حنظلةُthe colocynth of الشرِّevil للماضغيناfor those who chew
عِ حنظلةُ الشرِّ للماضغينا
He speaks sweetly, while beneath his ribs
They speak nicely but under the shadows
lies the bitter colocynth of evil for those who chew.
Is the malice of evil for the chewers
إذاwhen بتَّyou spend the night تأمنُfeeling safe from وثْباتهِhis assaults
إذا بتَّ تأمنُ وثْباتهِ
لقَاءًface to face خَبَاhe conceals لكfor you خبْئاa hidden snare كميناlying in ambush
لقَاءً خَبَا لك خبْئا كمينا
When you pass the night feeling safe from his attacks,
When you feel secure from his treachery
face to face, he conceals a lurking snare for you.
He schemes against you, lying in wait
كصلِّlike the viper of الحَمَاطةthe wild fig-tree يطويconceals الحِماdeath (continued)
كصلِّ الحَمَاطة يطوي الحِما
مَ(completes 'death') صعباfierce ويُعطيكand offers you باللمسto the touch هُوناgentleness
مَ صعبا ويُعطيك باللمس هُونا
Like the wild fig-tree's viper, concealing death—
Like folding a turban - he folds the mind
fierce, yet yielding gentleness to your touch.
With difficulty but gives you softness to the touch
يبيتُhe spends the night يراقبُwatching أنَّىwherever تَعِنُّappears
يبيتُ يراقبُ أنَّى تَعِنُّ
لهto him هفوةٌa lapse منكfrom you حتىso that يخوناhe may betray
له هفوةٌ منك حتى يخونا
He spends the night watching for where there might arise
He stays up at night watching for
a lapse from you, so he can betray you.
Any mistake from you so he can betray
تعلَّمتُI learned منfrom غدرهhis treachery باسماwhile smiling
تعلَّمتُ من غدره باسما
بأنّthat الوفاءَfidelity معis with القاطبيناthose who frown
بأنّ الوفاءَ مع القاطبينا
From his smiling treachery I learned
I learned from his betrayal of Asma
that fidelity is found among those who frown.
That loyalty to all is a myth
عقاربُscorpions أطمَعهاemboldened them لسبُهاtheir stinging of الthe (continued)
عقاربُ أطمَعها لسبُها ال
حُفاةَbarefoot people فدبَّتْso they crept إلىtoward الناعليناthose wearing sandals
حُفاةَ فدبَّتْ إلى الناعلينا
Scorpions, emboldened by stinging the
The claws of his greed are barefoot
barefoot, crept toward those wearing sandals.
So they crept towards the sandaled
علاrose حظُّهمtheir fortune ووهَىand weakened مجدُهمtheir glory
علا حظُّهم ووهَى مجدُهم
فقدfor indeed وأَلواthey escaped منfrom فميmy mouth سالميناunharmed
فقد وأَلوا من فمي سالمينا
Their fortune rose, while their glory weakened,
Their fortune is high while their glory is weak
for they escaped my mouth unharmed.
For they have received greetings from my mouth
ولمand I was not أكُI was معwith غضَبيmy anger إنif غضِبتُI grew angry
ولم أكُ مع غضَبي إن غضِبتُ
لأهتِكَto violate إلَّاanything but حريماa sanctuary مصوناprotected
لأهتِكَ إلَّا حريما مصونا
Nor, even when I grew angry, did my anger lead me
I was not, if angry, one to violate
to violate anything but a protected sanctuary.
Anything but a protected inviolable sanctuary
وقدand indeed كنتُI would have أمضُغهمchewed them بالهجاwith satire (continued)
وقد كنتُ أمضُغهم بالهجا
ء(completes 'satire') لوif أكلَate الشعرُpoetry منهمfrom them سميناfat flesh
ء لو أكلَ الشعرُ منهم سمينا
I would have chewed them up with satire,
I would have chewed them out with sarcasm
had poetry found any fat flesh in them to eat.
If poetry gained weight from them
أصونI protect لسانيmy tongue عنfrom الغادريtraitors (continued)
أصون لساني عن الغادري
ن(completes 'traitors') صونَas I protect طِلابيmy requests عنfrom الباخليناmisers
ن صونَ طِلابي عن الباخلينا
I keep my tongue from traitors,
I guard my tongue from the treacherous
as I keep my requests from misers.
Like guarding my students from the misers
حرامٌforbidden عليَّto me اجتداءُseeking gifts from الرجاmen (continued)
حرامٌ عليَّ اجتداءُ الرجا
ل(completes 'men') لاneither مانعينthose withholding ولاnor باذليناthose giving
ل لا مانعين ولا باذلينا
It is forbidden to me to seek men's gifts,
It is forbidden for me to impose on men
whether they withhold or give.
With no refusal or giving
إذاif أناI يوماone day سألتُasked الجوادَthe generous man
إذا أنا يوما سألتُ الجوادَ
حَرَصتُI grew greedy غداًtomorrow فسألتُand then asked الضنيناthe miser
حَرَصتُ غداً فسألتُ الضنينا
If one day I ask the generous man,
If one day I asked the generous man
tomorrow greed will make me ask the miser.
The next day I would ask the miser
بلَىyes إنَّindeed فيamong آلthe house of عبدِAbd الرحيمal-Rahim
بلَى إنَّ في آل عبدِ الرحيم
مكارمَgenerous deeds تُفسَحُmake room للراغبيناfor those seeking
مكارمَ تُفسَحُ للراغبينا
Yes, among the house of Abd al-Rahim there are
Indeed, the family of ‘Abd al-Rahim possesses
generous deeds that make room for those who seek.
Virtues that give way to the seekers
وبينَand among بيوتهمُtheir houses للضيوفِfor guests
وبينَ بيوتهمُ للضيوفِ
جِفاناًlarge bowls عِماقاdeep وسَرْحاand grazing herds لَبوناmilk-yielding
جِفاناً عِماقا وسَرْحا لَبونا
And among their houses, for guests, there are
And between their homes for guests
deep bowls and milk-yielding herds,
Are expansive plains and soft sand
وأنديةًand assemblies تسَعُaccommodating السامعينthose who listen
وأنديةً تسَعُ السامعين
قِرىًhospitality ووجوهاand faces تَضيفthat entertain العيوناthe eyes
قِرىً ووجوها تَضيف العيونا
and assemblies that have room for those who listen,
And gatherings that accommodate the listeners
hospitality, and faces that entertain the eyes.
Towns and faces that welcome the eyes
وسيباand bounty يبَرُّkeep their oaths لهthrough it المقسِموthose who swear (continued)
وسيبا يبَرُّ له المقسِمو
ن(completes 'those who swear') لاnot وَرَدواthey approached الماءَwater إلاexcept مَعيناflowing
ن لا وَرَدوا الماءَ إلا مَعينا
And bounty through which swearers keep their oaths:
And Siba whose water the distributors
they draw no water except from a flowing spring.
Only gave in portions, not freely
ذَعَرتُI frightened زمانيmy age بأسمائهمwith their names
ذَعَرتُ زماني بأسمائهم
فكنَّso they became منagainst الدهرtime دونيshielding me حصوناfortresses
فكنَّ من الدهر دوني حصونا
I frightened my age with their names,
Their names startled my time
and they became fortresses shielding me from time.
So they were around me like fortresses
وفرَّقand scattered عزُّهمُtheir might النائباthe calamities (continued)
وفرَّق عزُّهمُ النائبا
تِ(completes 'calamities') عنّيaway from me وقدthough already بِتنَthey had spent the night حوليaround me عِزيناin bands
تِ عنّي وقد بِتنَ حولي عِزينا
Their might scattered the calamities
Their might scattered the catastrophes
away from me, though they had camped around me in bands.
From me though they spent the night around me
وحمَّلتُand I laid ثِقليmy burden upon عميدَthe chief of الكفاthe Worthies (continued)
وحمَّلتُ ثِقلي عميدَ الكفا
ةِ(completes 'the Worthies') منهمamong them فكانand he proved القويَّthe strong الأميناthe trustworthy
ةِ منهم فكان القويَّ الأمينا
I laid my burden upon ʿAmid al-Kufat
I carried my burden to the pillar of power
among them, and he proved strong and trustworthy.
Among them, so the strong one was faithful
منof القومِthe people تُشرِقshine نيرانُهمtheir fires
من القومِ تُشرِق نيرانُهم
علىabove النجمthe stars إنeven if طامنَlowered them الموقدوناthe kindlers
على النجم إن طامنَ الموقدونا
He is of a people whose fires shine
From the people, their fires shine
above the stars, even when the kindlers lower them.
On the stars if the kindlers slumber
وتأرَجُand waft fragrantly أرواحُthe breaths of أبياتهمtheir homes
وتأرَجُ أرواحُ أبياتهم
رسائلَas messages عنهمfrom them إلىto الطارقيناnight-arriving travelers
رسائلَ عنهم إلى الطارقينا
The fragrant breaths of their homes waft
And the spirits of their verses tremble
as messages from them to night-arriving travelers.
Messages from them to those spending the night awake
إذاwhen ماindeed رأيتَyou see ازدحامَthe crowding of الحقوقrightful claims
إذا ما رأيتَ ازدحامَ الحقوق
عليهمupon them عجبتَyou marvel لهمat them ثابتيناstanding firm
عليهم عجبتَ لهم ثابتينا
When you see rightful claims crowding
When you see rights crowded upon them
upon them, you marvel at their steadfastness.
You would wonder at their steadfastness
ومَنand whoever أُذكِيتْwas kindled نارُهhis fire باليفاon high ground (continued)
ومَن أُذكِيتْ نارُه باليفا
عِ(completes 'high ground') فيin القُرِّthe cold زاحمَهthronged him المصطلوناthose seeking warmth
عِ في القُرِّ زاحمَه المصطلونا
Whoever has his fire kindled on high ground
Whoever’s fire was ignited by loyalty
in the cold is thronged by those seeking warmth.
In dearness pushed away the hoping
مساميحُgenerous men لمnot يَعْرُقُواthey gnawed بالعِضاby biting (continued)
مساميحُ لم يَعْرُقُوا بالعِضا
ضِ(completes 'biting') أيديَهمtheir hands فيover ندىًgenerosity نادميناregretful
ضِ أيديَهم في ندىً نادمينا
Generous men who have never gnawed
Swords that did not sweat with fighting
their hands in regret over gifts they gave.
Their hands in bounty regretfully
ولمand did not يدفعواthey thrust فيat صدورِthe breasts of الحقوقrightful claims
ولم يدفعوا في صدورِ الحقوق
بعذرٍwith an excuse وإنeven if كانit was عذراan excuse مبيناplain
بعذرٍ وإن كان عذرا مبينا
Nor have they thrust at the breasts of rightful claims
They do not ward off rights with
with an excuse, even a plainly valid one.
Any excuse though it be clear
يبيتونthey spend the night يعتلكونchewing السياthe whips (continued)
يبيتون يعتلكون السيا
طَ(completes 'whips') غَرْثَىhungry وهمwhile they يطرُدونdrive away السنيناthe famine years
طَ غَرْثَى وهم يطرُدون السنينا
They spend the night chewing whip-thongs,
They spend the night riding the horses
hungry, while driving away the years of famine.
While they drive away the years
طِوالُlong of الحمائلِsword-belts شُمُّhigh of الأنوفِnoses
طِوالُ الحمائلِ شُمُّ الأنوفِ
يُهابونthey inspire awe رؤياwhen seen ويُستحسَنوناand are admired
يُهابون رؤيا ويُستحسَنونا
Long of sword-belt, high of nose,
Tall, with proud noses
they inspire awe when seen, and admiration.
Fearing delusions but desiring praise
إذاwhen ركِبواthey mount مسَحواthey brush بالسحابagainst the clouds
إذا ركِبوا مسَحوا بالسحاب
وإنand if نزلواthey dismount خلتَهمyou think them راكبيناmounted
وإن نزلوا خلتَهم راكبينا
When mounted, they brush the clouds;
When they rode they wiped the clouds
and when dismounted, you think them still riding.
And when they descended, the riders left
تفرَّعَbranched forth منfrom شَرَفَيْthe two noble heights of عِيصهمtheir ancestral thicket
تفرَّعَ من شَرَفَيْ عِيصهم
مصابيحُlamps of مجدglory تضيءilluminating الدجوناthe darkness
مصابيحُ مجد تضيء الدجونا
From the two noble heights of their ancestral thicket sprouted
From the honor of their origin spring
lamps of glory that light the darkness.
Lamps of glory that illuminate the darkness
وكلُّand every غلامٍyoung man لهhas حكمُهhis authority
وكلُّ غلامٍ له حكمُه
علىover الناسpeople راضينwilling أوor كارهيناunwilling
على الناس راضين أو كارهينا
Each young man has authority
And every young man judges
over people, willing or unwilling.
The people, whether satisfied or angry
إذاwhen سكتَhe is silent انتظرواthey await ماwhat يقولُhe will say
إذا سكتَ انتظروا ما يقولُ
وإنand if قالhe speaks دانَsubmit لهto him الناطقوناthe speakers
وإن قال دانَ له الناطقونا
When he is silent, they await what he will say;
When you are silent they anticipate what you will say
and when he speaks, the speakers submit to him.
And if you speak, the speakers submit to him
تألَّقَhe flashed forth ينعتُdescribing حُسناin excellence أباهhis father
تألَّقَ ينعتُ حُسنا أباه
وميضَlike the gleam of السيوفswords يصفْنdescribing القُيوناthe smiths
وميضَ السيوف يصفْن القُيونا
He flashes forth, describing his father's excellence,
The excellence of his father sparkles, described
like the gleam of swords describing their smiths.
By the flashing of the swords
عميمall-embracing الحياin rain كعميدِlike the chief of الكفاةِthe Worthies
عميم الحيا كعميدِ الكفاةِ
ولاand does not يسِمُmark الأرضَthe earth إلاexcept هَتوناwith pouring rain
ولا يسِمُ الأرضَ إلا هَتونا
His rain is all-embracing, like ʿAmid al-Kufat's;
A pillar of life like the pillar of power
he marks the earth only with pouring rain.
He does not walk the earth except calmly
لكfor you اللهُGod مبتدِئاbeginning سؤدداًlordship
لك اللهُ مبتدِئا سؤدداً
تراجعَdrew back عنfrom شأوِهits reach المنتهوناthose at the summit
تراجعَ عن شأوِه المنتهونا
May God guard you, beginning a lordship
May God grant you success, beginner and completer
from whose reach even those at the summit draw back.
Those who despair turned back from his affair
ومقتبلand young in السِّنِّyears فاقsurpassed الكهولَthe elders
ومقتبل السِّنِّ فاق الكهولَ
فجاءواso they came علىat عَقْبهhis heels يحتذوناfollowing his example
فجاءوا على عَقْبه يحتذونا
Still young in years, you surpassed the elders,
And the young overtook the elders
who came at your heels, following your example.
So they came after him emulating
فدىًa ransom لكfor you كلُّevery قصيرman scant in الفخاhonor (continued)
فدىً لك كلُّ قصير الفخا
رِ(completes 'honor') يهرُبwho flees منfrom ألسنthe tongues of الناسبيناgenealogists
رِ يهرُب من ألسن الناسبينا
May every man of scant honor be your ransom,
So may every person with meager merit perish
fleeing the tongues of those who trace descent.
Who flees from the tongues of the critics
لهhe has حسَبٌa pedigree فيin العلاthe heights أكمهٌblind from birth
له حسَبٌ في العلا أكمهٌ
أَضلّتْled astray محجَّتُهits road المهتديناthe rightly guided
أَضلّتْ محجَّتُه المهتدينا
He has a pedigree born blind in the heights,
His lineage in highness is enough for him
whose road has led the guided astray.
His argument led astray the guided
إذاwhen أَيْتَمorphans البخلُmiserliness سؤَّالهُits petitioners
إذا أَيْتَم البخلُ سؤَّالهُ
فيكفيكthen suffices you فيناamong us أبوthe father of السائليناpetitioners
فيكفيك فينا أبو السائلينا
When miserliness orphans its petitioners,
When stinginess orphaned its request
among us the father of petitioners will suffice you.
It is enough that among us is the father of the beggars
وكلُّand every ابنِson of نقصٍdeficiency تمنَّىwished أبوfather (continued)
وكلُّ ابنِ نقصٍ تمنَّى أبو
هhis (attached pronoun) أنّthat البناتdaughters لهwere his بالبنيناinstead of sons
ه أنّ البنات له بالبنينا
And every flawed son whose father wishes
And every son of deficiency wished his father
he had daughters instead of sons:
That he had daughters instead of sons
إذاwhen ماindeed رأىhe sees منكin you مِلءَwhat fills العيونthe eyes
إذا ما رأى منك مِلءَ العيون
رأىhe sees منهin him مِلءَwhat fulfills مُنَىthe wishes of الشامتيناthose who gloat
رأى منه مِلءَ مُنَى الشامتينا
when he sees in you what fills the eyes,
When he saw your eyes filled
he sees in his son all that the gloating wish for.
He saw from it the fullness of the gloaters’ wishes
لئنeven if دبَّcrept دهرٌtime إلىupon مجدكمyour glory
لئن دبَّ دهرٌ إلى مجدكم
بنقصٍwith a loss يُخافُfeared علىfor الفاضليناthe noble
بنقصٍ يُخافُ على الفاضلينا
Though time may creep upon your glory
If a time crept toward your glory
with a loss that makes one fear for the noble,
With deficiency, feared for the virtuous
ومدَّand extended إليكمtoward you غَداةَon the morning of الصَّفاحhandshaking
ومدَّ إليكم غَداةَ الصَّفاح
شِمالاa left hand وكانthough it used to يمدّextend اليميناthe right hand
شِمالا وكان يمدّ اليمينا
and stretch toward you, on the morning of handclasp,
And in the morning of reconciliation, stretched
a left hand, where it once extended the right,
To you its left hand though it stretched out the right
ونازعكمand wrested from you عنfrom مقرّthe seat of العَلاexaltedness (continued)
ونازعكم عن مقرّ العَلا
ء(completes 'exaltedness') غصباًby force وأنتمwhile you لهof it مالكوناare owners
ء غصباً وأنتم له مالكونا
and wrest from you the seat of exaltedness
And disputed your position of highness
by force, though you are its rightful owners,
Wrongfully though you are its masters
فقِدْماًfor long ago رآكمit saw you لأخلاقهof its character
فقِدْماً رآكم لأخلاقه
بحسنthrough the beauty of خلائقكمyour characters فاضحيناexposing
بحسن خلائقكم فاضحينا
long ago it saw you exposing its character
When it saw your morals
through the beauty of your own.
It exposed you by your excellent morals
يصيبit strikes فتجبُرُthen repair أيمانُكمyour right hands
يصيب فتجبُرُ أيمانُكم
مصابَthe wounds of إساءتهits wrongdoing محسنيناdoing good
مصابَ إساءته محسنينا
It strikes, and your right hands repair
It is afflicted, so your oaths
the wounds its wrongdoing leaves, doing good.
Heal its injury, doing good
ويأخذand it takes منَّاfrom us وتُعطونناwhile you give us
ويأخذ منَّا وتُعطوننا
ويجلُبand it assails فيناus فتُستَنجَدوناso you are summoned for aid
ويجلُب فينا فتُستَنجَدونا
It takes from us, while you give to us;
It takes from us and you give us
it assails us, and we summon you for aid.
It brings need from us so you are sought for help
ولاand there is no بدّavoiding للمجدِfor glory منa عُوذةٍprotective charm
ولا بدّ للمجدِ من عُوذةٍ
إذاwhen تمَّit is complete تطرِفُturns away عنهfrom it العيوناthe eyes
إذا تمَّ تطرِفُ عنه العيونا
Glory must have a protecting charm,
Glory must have an amulet
when complete, to turn eyes away from it.
When complete, eyes avert from it
وقدand sometimes يُغمدis sheathed السيفُthe sword حتىuntil يُشامit is drawn
وقد يُغمد السيفُ حتى يُشام
ويَستترand hides البدرُthe full moon حتىuntil يبيناit appears
ويَستتر البدرُ حتى يبينا
A sword may be sheathed until it is drawn,
The sword may be sheathed until drawn
and the full moon hide until it appears.
And the moon concealed until it appears
يظنُّthink العداthe enemies أنكمthat you تخشعونhumble yourselves
يظنُّ العدا أنكم تخشعون
وقدbut indeed كذَّبhas disproved اللهُGod فيكin you الظنوناthe suspicions
وقد كذَّب اللهُ فيك الظنونا
Enemies think you will humble yourselves,
The enemy thinks you have yielded
but God has proved their suspicions false in you.
Though God has denied the assumptions about you
ولاand may not أبعدcast away اللهُGod غيرanything but التِّلادinherited wealth
ولا أبعد اللهُ غير التِّلاد
إذاif العرضُhonor أضحىremains منيعاimpregnable مصوناprotected
إذا العرضُ أضحى منيعا مصونا
May God cast away nothing but inherited wealth,
May God not remove anything but submission
so long as honor remains impregnable and guarded.
When honor has become inaccessible and protected
لئنeven if سرَّdelights حاسدَكمyour envier أنto يرىsee
لئن سرَّ حاسدَكم أن يرى
وفودَكُمُyour delegations مرَّةًonce مُخفِقيناempty-handed
وفودَكُمُ مرَّةً مُخفِقينا
Though it delight your envier to see
If your envier was delighted to see
your delegations once return empty-handed,
Your delegations humbled occasionally
فكمthen how many ليلةٍa night دونكمbefore reaching you أنقبتwore through
فكم ليلةٍ دونكم أنقبت
خوافيthe hidden parts of المناسمcamel foot-pads حتّىuntil دَميناthey bled
خوافي المناسم حتّى دَمينا
how many a night on the road to you has worn through
Then how many nights beneath you were dug
the hidden soles of camel-hooves until they bled!
The hidden platforms until our blood flowed?
ويومand a day of سَمومٍscorching wind يردّreturns القطاthe sandgrouse
ويوم سَمومٍ يردّ القطا
علىto الماءwater كُدْراًdust-colored وقدthough previously كُنَّthey were جُوناdark
على الماء كُدْراً وقد كُنَّ جُونا
And on a day of scorching wind that returns sandgrouse
And a day of poison that drives
to water dust-colored, though once they were dark,
The caravan back to the water turbid
حملناwe urged إليكمtoward you علىdespite الكرهhardship فيهduring it
حملنا إليكم على الكره فيه
جواداa swift steed أقبَّlean-bellied وعَنْساand a sturdy she-camel أَموناtrustworthy
جوادا أقبَّ وعَنْسا أَمونا
we urged toward you through it, despite its harshness,
We carried to you against our will
a lean-bellied steed and a sturdy, trustworthy she-camel.
A resistant camel and tranquil she-camel
فردّso sent back نوالُكمyour bounty اليعملاthe tireless she-camels (continued)
فردّ نوالُكم اليعملا
تِ(completes 'tireless she-camels') تُعييexhaust كَراكِرُهنtheir breast-pads المتوناthe backs
تِ تُعيي كَراكِرُهن المتونا
Your bounty sent the tireless she-camels back,
But your gifts returned the camels
their breast-pads exhausting their backs,
Their rolling carriages tiring them
مواقرَheavily laden منwith جودكمyour generosity لاnot تكادscarcely able
مواقرَ من جودكم لا تكاد
تُقِلُّto carry قلائدَهاtheir necklaces والعُهوناand colored wool tassels
تُقِلُّ قلائدَها والعُهونا
heavily laden with your generosity, scarcely able
Favors from your generosity that almost
to carry their own necklaces and wool tassels.
Do not lighten their necks and saddlebags
كأنّاas though we إذاwhen أُشرعتthey are led forward للورودto drink
كأنّا إذا أُشرعت للورود
نحطُّlower إلىinto الماءthe water منهاfrom them سَفيناships
نحطُّ إلى الماء منها سَفينا
As though, when led forward to drink,
As if when the roses are in bloom for us
we were lowering ships from them into the water.
We descend to the water in them like boats
فتلتُI twined منfrom among الناسpeople حَبْليِmy rope بكمwith you
فتلتُ من الناس حَبْليِ بكم
وقلتand I said لنفسيto myself همthey العالموناare the whole world
وقلت لنفسي هم العالمونا
From all men, I twined my rope with you,
So I have untied the rope of the people from you
and told myself: they are the whole world.
And said to myself “They are the world”
وبعتكُمُand I sold you مهجتيmy heart's blood طائعاwillingly
وبعتكُمُ مهجتي طائعا
فَوَso, by المجدِglory ماnot كانwas it بيعاa sale غَبِيناat a loss
فَوَ المجدِ ما كان بيعا غَبِينا
I sold you my heart's blood willingly;
And I sold my innermost being to you willingly
by glory, it was no losing bargain.
By glory it was not an unprofitable sale
ولمand I was not أكI was حاشايfar be it from me فيamong الغادرينthe traitors
ولم أك حاشاي في الغادرين
بكمagainst you إنif نباturns harsh الدهرُtime والمارقيناand the defectors
بكم إن نبا الدهرُ والمارقينا
I was not—far be it from me—among those who betray
I would not - God forbid - be among the treacherous
you when time turns harsh, or those who defect.
By you, if time and the devious rebelled
لسانيmy tongue لكمis yours ذاكthat one والنفسُand the soul تلكthat one
لساني لكم ذاك والنفسُ تلك
مُضِيقينstraitened فيin المالwealth أوor مُوسِعيناprosperous
مُضِيقين في المال أو مُوسِعينا
That tongue of mine is yours, and that soul,
My tongue is yours, and my soul too
whether your wealth is straitened or ample.
Whether you narrow or widen my livelihood
وأعلمُand I know أنّيthat I لكمtoward you سالمٌam at peace
وأعلمُ أنّي لكم سالمٌ
وأعلمُand I know أنكُمُthat you تعلموناknow
وأعلمُ أنكُمُ تعلمونا
I know that I am at peace with you,
And I know I am safe with you
and I know that you know.
And I know you know
وكمand how many ليَI have منof مَثَلٍa saying سائرٍtraveling abroad
وكم ليَ من مَثَلٍ سائرٍ
تظلُّcontinue العداةُthe enemies لهto it آذنيناlending their ears
تظلُّ العداةُ له آذنينا
How many a saying of mine travels abroad,
And how many examples come to me
to which enemies continue lending their ears!
While the enemies listen enviously?
لكمfor you منهfrom it داعيةٌan advocate فيthroughout البلادِthe lands
لكم منه داعيةٌ في البلادِ
ويعطيكمُand it grants you إمرةَcommand of المؤمنيناthe believers
ويعطيكمُ إمرةَ المؤمنينا
From it you have an advocate throughout the lands,
You have among the lands an advocate
and it grants you command of the believers.
Who gives you leadership of the faithful
أقومُI uphold لكمfor you بقوانينهits rules
أقومُ لكم بقوانينه
وأنطِقُand I speak ماas long as دمتمُyou continue تسمعوناlistening
وأنطِقُ ما دمتمُ تسمعونا
I uphold its rules for you,
I stand by its principles
and speak so long as you listen.
And speak as long as you listen
فلاso may not عدِمlack الوفدُthe delegation ناديكُمُyour gathering-place
فلا عدِم الوفدُ ناديكُمُ
ولاand may not استَوْحشتْgrow desolate سُبُلُthe paths of الرائديناseekers
ولا استَوْحشتْ سُبُلُ الرائدينا
May delegations never lack your gathering-place,
So may your call not miss a delegation
nor the paths of seekers grow desolate.
Or the paths of guides be lonely
وكانand may there be لكُمْfor you منagainst عِثارthe stumbling of الزمانِtime
وكان لكُمْ من عِثار الزمانِ
لعاًa wish for recovery يومَon the day يعثُرit trips بالغافليناthe unwary
لعاً يومَ يعثُر بالغافلينا
And may you have, against time's stumbling,
And you had from the stumbling of fate
a cry of 'Rise again!' when it trips the unwary.
A stumbling block the day it stumbled the heedless
ولاand may not راعناfrighten us قدَرٌa decree فيكُمُconcerning you
ولا راعنا قدَرٌ فيكُمُ
فإنَّfor indeed بكمthrough you نعمةَthe blessing of اللهGod فيناis among us
فإنَّ بكم نعمةَ الله فينا
May no decree concerning you ever frighten us,
We were not heedless of destiny among you
for in you is God's blessing among us.
For through you is God’s blessing upon us
Sol 6.1