بحرُsea الفصاحةِeloquence غاضَreceded ياO إخوانيmy brothers
بحرُ الفصاحةِ غاضَ يا إخواني
وأخوand the brother of الإبانةlucid speech لفَّwas wrapped فيin الأكفانِthe shrouds
وأخو الإبانة لفَّ في الأكفانِ
The sea of eloquence has ebbed, O my brothers,
The sea of eloquence has withdrawn, O my brothers,
and the brother of lucid speech was wrapped in shrouds.
And the brother of clarity has wrapped himself in shrouds.
جبلٌa mountain منamong الأجبالthe mountains أضحْىَbecame ساقطاًfallen
جبلٌ من الأجبال أضحْىَ ساقطاً
متهدمَcrumbling الأرجاءَthe sides والأركانِand the pillars
متهدمَ الأرجاءَ والأركانِ
A mountain among mountains has fallen,
A mountain among mountains has fallen,
its sides and pillars crumbling.
Its corners and pillars destroyed.
كلاNo هوhe البحرُthe sea الغزيرُabundant عَنَتbowed لهto him
كلا هو البحرُ الغزيرُ عَنَت له
فصحاءthe eloquent هذاthis الدهرِage بالإذْعَانِin submission
فصحاء هذا الدهرِ بالإذْعَانِ
No—he is the abundant sea before whom
Neither is it the copious sea that has wearied of it,
the eloquent of this age bowed in submission.
The eloquence of this age has submitted to it in acquiescence.
لاnot زالَceased مفتاحاًa key لكلِّto every غريبةobscure expression
لا زالَ مفتاحاً لكلِّ غريبة
تُتْلىis recited منfrom الآثارِthe traditions والقرآنand the Quran
تُتْلى من الآثارِ والقرآن
He never ceased to be a key to every obscure expression
It remains a key to every strange thing
recited from the traditions and the Quran.
Recited from relics and the Qur'an.
ولقدand indeed شغلتَyou occupied عيونَناour eyes وقلوبناand our hearts
ولقد شغلتَ عيونَنا وقلوبنا
مُذْsince هِمتَyou wandered بالهمَلانِwith flowing tears والخفقَانِand throbbing
مُذْ هِمتَ بالهمَلانِ والخفقَانِ
Indeed, you have kept our eyes and hearts occupied,
You have preoccupied our eyes and hearts
since you wandered away—with flowing tears and throbbing.
Since you fell ill and became frail.
وعمرتَand you filled أفئدةَthe hearts الرجالof men وأهلهاand their owners
وعمرتَ أفئدةَ الرجال وأهلها
بالهمwith worry والأوصابand afflictions والأحزانِand sorrows
بالهم والأوصاب والأحزانِ
And you filled men's hearts and those who bear them
And you have filled the hearts of men and their households
with worry, afflictions, and sorrows.
With worries, sorrows, and griefs.
ولقدand indeed نزلتَyou descended بمنزلٍto a dwelling فرداًalone بهin it
ولقد نزلتَ بمنزلٍ فرداً به
معwith جيرةneighbors متقاربيclose together in الأوطانtheir abodes
مع جيرة متقاربي الأوطان
Indeed, you descended to a dwelling, alone within it,
You have come to dwell in a singular abode
among neighbors whose abodes lie close together.
Among neighbors of adjacent homelands.
لوif يعلمونthey know بأنthat شخصكyour person عندهمis among them
لو يعلمون بأن شخصك عندهم
فرحواthey would rejoice بماin what تحويهyou contain منof تِبيانِclear exposition
فرحوا بما تحويه من تِبيانِ
If they knew that your person was among them,
If only they knew that your person is among them
they would rejoice in the clear exposition you hold.
They would rejoice in the elucidation you contain.
عجباًhow wondrous لقبرat a grave يحتويكcontains you بلحدِهin its burial niche
عجباً لقبر يحتويك بلحدِه
ويضيقهِand constricts it وبصدرِكَwhile in your breast البحرانِthe two seas
ويضيقهِ وبصدرِكَ البحرانِ
How wondrous, a grave that contains you in its burial niche
How wondrous is a grave that contains you in its niche
and constricts it, while your breast holds two seas!
Yet strains to do so, as vast as your heart is.
أبكىmade weep فراقُكyour parting كلَّevery حبرٍscholar عالمٍlearned
أبكى فراقُك كلَّ حبرٍ عالمٍ
منfrom جملةٍthe ranks of الزهّادِthe ascetics والرَّهْبانِand the monks
من جملةٍ الزهّادِ والرَّهْبانِ
Your departure made every learned scholar weep,
Your separation makes every knowledgeable pen weep
from the ranks of ascetics and monks.
Among the ascetics and monks altogether.
منfrom حيثُthe fact إنَّكthat you are للفصاحةِof eloquence مَعْدِنa mine
من حيثُ إنَّك للفصاحةِ مَعْدِن
وملخِّصand an elucidator لغرائبِof obscure passages الفرقانof the Criterion (Quran)
وملخِّص لغرائبِ الفرقان
For you are a mine of eloquence,
Since you are the mine of eloquence
and an elucidator of the Criterion's obscure passages.
And summarizer of the wonders of the Criterion.
وغدَاand became محيّاthe face العلمِof learning أعمىblind بعدماafter
وغدَا محيّا العلمِ أعمى بعدما
قدindeed كانَthere were تحتbeneath جبينهits brow عينانِtwo eyes
قد كانَ تحت جبينه عينانِ
The face of learning grew blind, after
And the life of knowledge has become blind after
it once had two eyes beneath its brow.
There were two eyes beneath its forehead.
وصممُand deafness (unclear in context) علمِof the science النحوof grammar أصبحَbecame ذاوياًwithered
وصممُ علمِ النحو أصبحَ ذاوياً
بعدafter اخضرارِthe greening العودِof the trunk والأغْصانِand the branches
بعد اخضرارِ العودِ والأغْصانِ
And the deafness of grammatical learning grew withered,
And the science of grammar has become deaf
after the greening of its trunk and branches.
After the greenery of its timber and branches.
يَاO نَازلاًyou who descended بعدafter التنعمِluxury والغنىand wealth
يَا نَازلاً بعد التنعمِ والغنى
فيinto برزَخٍan intermediate realm ماnot عندهbeside him منany ثانِsecond one
في برزَخٍ ما عنده من ثانِ
O you who descended, after luxury and wealth,
O you who has descended from luxury and wealth
into an intermediate realm, with no other beside you,
To a limbo that has no second.
منfrom قبلbefore كنتyou were منعماًenjoying comfort بلذاذةِin delight
من قبل كنت منعماً بلذاذةِ
معwith رتبةstanding الأصحابِof companions والخلانِand close friends
مع رتبة الأصحابِ والخلانِ
before, you lived in comfort and delight,
Before, you were indulged in the pleasures
with your standing among companions and dear friends.
Along with the station of the elite and intimate.
هلdoes بعدكafter you الدنياthe world تطيبbecome pleasant لهمْto them وهمwhile they
هل بعدك الدنيا تطيب لهمْ وهم
كالرأسِlike a head أحياءٌalive بغيرِwithout لسانِa tongue
كالرأسِ أحياءٌ بغيرِ لسانِ
Can the world be sweet to them after you, when they are
After you, will the world even taste good to them
alive like a head without a tongue?
When they are like a living head without a tongue?
لوif يقبلُaccepts الموتdeath الفداءَransom فدوْكthey would ransom you
لو يقبلُ الموت الفداءَ فدوْك
بالأموالِwith wealth والأولادِand children والوِلْدَانِand young boys
بالأموالِ والأولادِ والوِلْدَانِ
If death accepted ransom, they would ransom you
If death would accept ransom, I would sacrifice
with wealth, children, and young boys.
My wealth, children, and youths for you.
ياO غائبَone absent الجثمانِin body ذكركyour remembrance حاضرٌis present
يا غائبَ الجثمانِ ذكرك حاضرٌ
منfrom سابقٍlong ago فيin أعصرِthe epochs الأزْمانِof time
من سابقٍ في أعصرِ الأزْمانِ
O you whose body is absent, your remembrance is present,
O you absent in body, your memory is present
from times past, through the epochs of time.
As the foremost figure of the epochs.
هلْis there منany فصيحeloquent person فيamong الورىhumankind كمحمدٍlike Muhammad
هلْ من فصيح في الورى كمحمدٍ
نسلِdescendant of الصفىّal-Safi ابنson of الفتىthe young man عمرانِImran
نسلِ الصفىّ ابن الفتى عمرانِ
Is there anyone eloquent among humankind like Muhammad,
Is there one more eloquent in the land than Muḥammad
descendant of al-Safi, son of the young man Imran?
The progeny of the Pristine, son of Imrān the Upright?
هجمتrushed عليهupon him الحادثاتthe calamities بكلكلwith a breast
هجمت عليه الحادثات بكلكل
فطواهso folded him away صرفُthe vicissitudes حوادِثِof calamities المَلَوانِof night and day
فطواه صرفُ حوادِثِ المَلَوانِ
Calamities bore down on him with their breast,
Calamities have assaulted him in droves
and the shifting calamities of night and day folded him away.
So the vicissitudes of fates have shrouded him.
إنّindeed المنيَّةَdeath لاnot تردّis repelled إذاwhen أَتَتْit comes
إنّ المنيَّةَ لا تردّ إذا أَتَتْ
مأمورةًcommanded مِنْby ربناour Lord المنَّانِthe Bountiful Giver
مأمورةً مِنْ ربنا المنَّانِ
Death cannot be turned back when it comes,
Death does not turn back when it comes
commanded by our Lord, the Bountiful Giver.
Commanded by our Munificent Lord.
إخوانناour brothers ىunclear token; likely 'do not' تحزنواgrieve واستَمسِكواand hold fast
إخواننا ى تحزنوا واستَمسِكوا
وتوثَّقُواand bind yourselves securely بِعُرىto the bonds of عظيمِthe One great in الشانِmajesty
وتوثَّقُوا بِعُرى عظيمِ الشانِ
Our brothers, [do not] grieve, and hold fast,
My brothers! Do not grieve, persevere,
and bind yourselves securely to the bonds of the One of great majesty.
And hold fast to the strong rope of the One so Grand.
صبراًbe patient فإنfor indeed اللهَGod جلَّexalted is جلالهُHis majesty
صبراً فإن اللهَ جلَّ جلالهُ
قدindeed قالَsaid أجمعُall منthose who عليهاare upon it فانِperishing
قد قالَ أجمعُ من عليها فانِ
Be patient, for God—exalted is His majesty—
Patience, for Allah—Glorified is His Majesty—has said
has said: 'All who are upon it perish.'
That over it are all those who perish and vanish.
حقّاًtruly ويبقَىand remains وجهthe face ربكof your Lord ذُوpossessed of العلىsublimity
حقّاً ويبقَى وجه ربك ذُو العلى
والطولِand bounty والآلاءand blessings والإحسانِand beneficence
والطولِ والآلاء والإحسانِ
Truly, the face of your Lord remains, possessed of sublimity,
The Face of you Lord—High, Eternal and Munificent—remains in truth
and bounty, blessings, and beneficence.
As well as His Grace and Nobility.
إناindeed we خلقناwere created للتصبرِfor patient endurance والأسَىand sorrow
إنا خلقنا للتصبرِ والأسَى
والنوحُand wailing والأحزانُand sorrows للنِّسْوَانِare for women
والنوحُ والأحزانُ للنِّسْوَانِ
We were created for patient endurance and sorrow,
We were created for suffering and sorrow,
while wailing and sorrows are for women.
While weeping, grief and dirges are for women.
أعداءَناour enemies لاdo not تشمتواgloat بمصابِناover our calamity
أعداءَنا لا تشمتوا بمصابِنا
فالموتfor death موردthe watering place جملةِof all القُطَّانِthe inhabitants
فالموت مورد جملةِ القُطَّانِ
Our enemies, do not gloat over our calamity,
O enemies! Do not rejoice at our affliction
for death is the watering place of all inhabitants.
Death is the destination for all creatures.
إناindeed we لنلهوsurely amuse ourselves والمناياwhile deaths شُرَّعٌstand poised
إنا لنلهو والمنايا شُرَّعٌ
لاno بدَّescape تأتيناthey come upon us علىin الغَفَلانِheedlessness
لا بدَّ تأتينا على الغَفَلانِ
Indeed, we amuse ourselves while deaths stand poised;
We play while death lies in ambush,
they must come upon us while we are heedless.
It must come to us while we are unaware.
إنif كنتَyou are ذاpossessed of عقلِreason فلاthen do not تنسَforget المُنَىthe hopes
إن كنتَ ذا عقلِ فلا تنسَ المُنَى
واذكرand remember فراقَparting from الأهلِfamily والسكَّانِand fellow dwellers
واذكر فراقَ الأهلِ والسكَّانِ
If you possess reason, do not forget your hopes,
If you be reasonable, do not forget your death,
and remember parting from family and fellow dwellers.
And recall the departure of your kith and kin.
واتركْand abandon هواكَyour desire فإنfor indeed عمركَyour lifetime منقضٍis ending
واتركْ هواكَ فإن عمركَ منقضٍ
وترقبنَّand surely keep watch لحادثِfor the calamity الحدَثانِof time's vicissitudes
وترقبنَّ لحادثِ الحدَثانِ
Abandon your desire, for your lifetime is passing away,
Abandon your passions, for your life is fleeting,
and watch closely for the calamity of time's vicissitudes,
And anticipate the occurrence of new events.
منfrom قبلِbefore أنُthat يلقوكَthey cast you فيinto بيتِthe house of البلىdecay
من قبلِ أنُ يلقوكَ في بيتِ البلى
فيin برزخِthe intermediate realm of الأهوالِterrors والديدانِand worms
في برزخِ الأهوالِ والديدانِ
before they cast you into the house of decay,
Before they deliver you to the Abode of Moldering
into the intermediate realm of terrors and worms.
In the abyss of horrors and insects galore.
ماذاwhat تقولُwill you say إذاwhen حللتَyou alight بِبَلْقَعٍin a barren waste
ماذا تقولُ إذا حللتَ بِبَلْقَعٍ
فرداًalone بهin it إماif ever أتىcome المَلَكانِthe two angels
فرداً به إما أتى المَلَكانِ
What will you say when you alight in a barren waste,
What will you say when you lie alone
alone there, should the two angels come?
In a constricting tomb where the two Angels arrive?
وهماand they both النكيرُal-Nakir ومنكرٌand Munkar حتىuntil إذاwhen
وهما النكيرُ ومنكرٌ حتى إذا
ماfor emphasis أقصداكthey both make for you وأقبَلاand they both approach يَسَلاَنِthey both ask
ما أقصداك وأقبَلا يَسَلاَنِ
They are al-Nakir and Munkar; when at last
Namely, the Denier and the Questioner who, when
they make for you and approach, asking:
They approach to question you, will be very stern.
إنif كنتَyou are منamong أهلthe people of السعادةblessedness بُشْراglad tidings (word continues)
إن كنتَ من أهل السعادة بُشْرا
كyour (word ending) برحمةٍof mercy ومسرةٍand joy وجنانِand gardens
ك برحمةٍ ومسرةٍ وجنانِ
If you are among the blessed, glad tidings
If you be among the people of bliss, glad tidings!
to you of mercy, joy, and gardens,
For you is mercy, solace, and gardens.
وبراحةٍand of repose ولذاذةand delight وحلاوةٍand sweetness
وبراحةٍ ولذاذة وحلاوةٍ
وبرأفةand of compassion منfrom ربناour Lord وأمانِand safety
وبرأفة من ربنا وأمانِ
and of repose, delight, and sweetness,
As well as comfort, pleasure, sweetness
and of compassion from our Lord, and safety.
And care from our Lord and safety.
أوor كنتَyou are منamong أهلِthe people of الشقاوةwretchedness بشbeginning of 'your glad tidings'
أو كنتَ من أهلِ الشقاوة بش
راكending of 'your glad tidings' بغصةof choking anguish ومذلةٍand humiliation وهَوانِand abasement
راك بغصة ومذلةٍ وهَوانِ
Or, if you are among the wretched, glad tidings
But if you be among the people of misery, glad tidings!
to you of choking anguish, humiliation, and abasement,
For you are distress, humiliation, and disgrace.
وبِكُرْبةٍand of distress وبحسرةٍand of bitter regret وندامةٍand remorse
وبِكُرْبةٍ وبحسرةٍ وندامةٍ
وإقامةٍand of dwelling فيin جَاحِمِthe raging blaze of النَّيرانِthe fires
وإقامةٍ في جَاحِمِ النَّيرانِ
and of distress, bitter regret, and remorse,
As well as anguish, remorse, and regret
and of dwelling in the raging blaze of the fires.
And abiding amid the searing Fires.
ثمthen الصلاةُblessings علىupon النبيِّthe Prophet محمدٍMuhammad
ثم الصلاةُ على النبيِّ محمدٍ
خيرِthe best of الورَىhumankind المبعوثِthe one sent forth مِنْfrom عَدْنَانِAdnan
خيرِ الورَى المبعوثِ مِنْ عَدْنَانِ
Then blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad,
Then, prayers upon the Prophet Muḥammad
the best of humankind, sent forth from Adnan's line.
The best of creation, sent from noble Ādnan.
صلّىmay He bestow blessings عليهupon him ماas long as وسقَgathers الدُّجَىthe darkness
صلّى عليه ما وسقَ الدُّجَى
أوor لاحَgleam فيin خضرائهاits green sky القَمرَانِthe two moons (sun and moon)
أو لاحَ في خضرائها القَمرَانِ
May He bless him as long as darkness gathers,
Blessings upon him lasting as long
or the two moons gleam in its green sky.
As the horizons are dark or the two moons shine.
Sol 6.1