أَمْرُthe task مَنْone who يَطلُبِseeks الْخُلُودَimmortality عَسِيرُdifficult
أَمْرُ مَنْ يَطلُبِ الْخُلُودَ عَسِيرُ
لاَnot يُعَارُis lent الْخُلُودُimmortality مَنْone who يَسْتَعِيرُseeks to borrow
لاَ يُعَارُ الْخُلُودُ مَنْ يَسْتَعِيرُ
The task of one who seeks immortality is hard.
The quest for immortality is hard
Immortality is not lent to one who seeks to borrow it.
Immortality is not lent to one who borrows
غَايَةthe ultimate goal الْفَنِّof art لاَnot ترَامُis attainable وَمَاand not
غَايَة الْفَنِّ لاَ ترَامُ وَمَا
يُقرَبُcomes near مِنْهَاto it إِلاَّexcept النَّبِيغُthe genius الصَّبُورُthe patient one
يُقرَبُ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ النَّبِيغُ الصَّبُورُ
Art's ultimate goal is beyond reach, and none
The pinnacle of art cannot be reached
comes near it except the patient genius.
And none comes near it but the patient genius
أَدْهَشَastonished الْخَلْقَhumankind رَافَئِيلُRaphael وَلَمْand did not
أَدْهَشَ الْخَلْقَ رَافَئِيلُ وَلَمْ
يَبْلُغْهُbring him to مِنْهfrom it مَاwhat شَاءَhe desired التَّصويرُpainting
يَبْلُغْهُ مِنْه مَا شَاءَ التَّصويرُ
Raphael astonished humankind, yet
Raphael amazed creation, but
painting did not bring him what he desired of it.
He could not accomplish all he wished in painting
نَحْتُthe sculpture فِيدَاسَof Phidias حَيَّرَbewildered النَّاسَthe people حَتَّىuntil
نَحْتُ فِيدَاسَ حَيَّرَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى
لَغَدَتْindeed came to be تَدَّعِيclaiming الْحَيَاةَlife الصُّخورُthe rocks
لَغَدَتْ تَدَّعِي الْحَيَاةَ الصُّخورُ
The sculpture of Phidias bewildered people, until
Phydias carved till he confounded people
indeed, the rocks began to claim life.
And made rocks seem to claim life
ثُمَّthen وَلَّىdeparted ذَاكَthat الصُّناعُmaster craftsman وَمَاand what فِيin
ثُمَّ وَلَّى ذَاكَ الصُّناعُ وَمَا فِي
نَفْسِهِhis soul حَالٌstood (contextual reading) دُونَهُin its way التَقْصِيرُinadequacy
نَفْسِهِ حَالٌ دُونَهُ التَقْصِيرُ
Then that master craftsman departed; what lay in
Then that great artist died, and not
his soul was thwarted by inadequacy.
His own shortcoming kept him from perfection
أَشْعَرُthe most poetic الْخَلْقِof humankind كَانَwas هُومِيرُHomer
أَشْعَرُ الْخَلْقِ كَانَ هُومِيرُ
هَلْdid ...? أَدْرَكَattain مِنْهfrom it كُلَّall الْمُنَىthe wishes هُوميرُHomer
هَلْ أَدْرَكَ مِنْه كُلَّ الْمُنَى هُوميرُ
Homer was the most poetic of humankind.
Homer, most ingenious of mortals
Did Homer gain from it all he wished?
Did Homer attain all that he desired?
لَمْdid not يَتِمَّbe completed الذِيwhat تَوَخَّاهُhe sought جُوتِيGoethe
لَمْ يَتِمَّ الذِي تَوَخَّاهُ جُوتِي
لاَno وَلَمْand did not يَقضِfulfill مَاwhat اشْتَهَىhe desired شَكْسَبِيرُShakespeare
لاَ وَلَمْ يَقضِ مَا اشْتَهَى شَكْسَبِيرُ
What Goethe sought was never completed.
Goethe's hopes remained unfulfilled
No, nor did Shakespeare fulfill what he desired.
Nor did Shakespeare achieve all he wanted
فِيamong الْفِرنْسِيسِthe French هَلْwas ...? تقضَّىfulfilled مَرامٌan ambition
فِي الْفِرنْسِيسِ هَلْ تقضَّى مَرامٌ
لِمُجِيدٍfor an accomplished artist أَوِor اسْتَمَرَّendured مَرِيرُfirm resolve
لِمُجِيدٍ أَوِ اسْتَمَرَّ مَرِيرُ
Among the French, was an ambition fulfilled
Did a masterwork come to fruition in France
for an accomplished artist, or did firm resolve endure?
Or did disappointment persist?
وَشكاand lamented عَجْزَهُمْtheir inability أَوْلُوthose possessing السَّبقِprecedence
وَشكا عَجْزَهُمْ أَوْلُو السَّبقِ
فِيin غَرْبٍthe West وَشَرْقٍand the East وَأَنَّهمْand indeed they لَكَثِيرُare surely many
فِي غَرْبٍ وَشَرْقٍ وَأَنَّهمْ لَكَثِيرُ
The foremost lamented their inability
The great pioneers of East and West complained
in West and East—and they are indeed many.
Of their inadequacy though they were so many
لاَnot يُحَاشَىis exempted أَبُوAbu نُوَّاسُNuwas وَبَشَّاand Bashsha-
لاَ يُحَاشَى أَبُو نُوَّاسُ وَبَشَّا
رُ-r (completing Bashshar) بْنُson of بُرْدِBurd وَمَسْلِمٌand Muslim وَجَرِيرُand Jarir
رُ بْنُ بُرْدِ وَمَسْلِمٌ وَجَرِيرُ
Abu Nuwas is no exception, nor Bashshar
None surpassed Abu Nuwas, Bashshar
ibn Burd, Muslim, and Jarir.
Muslim and Jarir in fine poetry
قَالَsaid شَيْئاًsomething مِمَّاof what أَرَادَhe intended حَبِيبٌHabib
قَالَ شَيْئاً مِمَّا أَرَادَ حَبِيبٌ
وَتَغَنَّىand sang بِمَاof what تَسَنَّىwas possible الضَّرِيرُthe blind man
وَتَغَنَّى بِمَا تَسَنَّى الضَّرِيرُ
Habib said something of what he intended,
Habib expressed some of what he intended
and the blind man sang what he could.
And the blind man sang the tunes he fancied
وَأَتىand wrought مُعْجِزَاتِهِhis miracles الْمُتَنَبِّيal-Mutanabbi
وَأَتى مُعْجِزَاتِهِ الْمُتَنَبِّي
وَهْيَand they مِمَّاof what أَرادَhe intended شَيءٌsomething يَسِيرُsmall
وَهْيَ مِمَّا أَرادَ شَيءٌ يَسِيرُ
Al-Mutanabbi wrought his miracles,
Al-Mutanabbi wrought miracles with his verse
and they were a small part of what he intended.
Yet but little of what he sought was done
جَاءَproduced شَوْقِيShawqi بِبَعْضِsome of مَاwhat رَامَhe sought مِنْهُfrom it
جَاءَ شَوْقِي بِبَعْضِ مَا رَامَ مِنْهُ
وَهْوَand he فِيin الحَقِّtruth للْقَرِيضِof verse أَمِيرُa prince
وَهْوَ فِي الحَقِّ للْقَرِيضِ أَمِيرُ
Shawqi produced some of what he sought from it,
Shawqi brought a part of what he aspired to
and he is, in truth, the prince of verse.
And truthfully he was peerless in verse
سَرَّهُpleased him جُهْدُهُhis effort فَلَمْso did not يَأْلُspare جُهْداًeffort
سَرَّهُ جُهْدُهُ فَلَمْ يَأْلُ جُهْداً
وَأَبَىand refused العَجْزَincapacity أَنْthat يَتِمَّbe complete السُّرُورُjoy
وَأَبَى العَجْزَ أَنْ يَتِمَّ السُّرُورُ
His effort pleased him, so he spared no effort,
His effort delighted him and still he strove on
but incapacity refused to let his joy be complete.
Declining to allow frustration to spoil his joy
كُلُّهُمْall of them لَمْdid not يَصِلْreach إِلىto مَاwhat تَوَخَّىhe sought
كُلُّهُمْ لَمْ يَصِلْ إِلى مَا تَوَخَّى
فَثَوَىso he lay down فِيon الطَّرِيقِthe road وَهْوَand he حَسِيرُexhausted
فَثَوَى فِي الطَّرِيقِ وَهْوَ حَسِيرُ
None of them reached what he sought,
All fell short of their ambitions and died
so each lay down along the road, exhausted.
Regretful on their way, distraught
وَلِكُلٍّand for each مَكَانَهُhis place مِنْin هَوَىthe affection النَّاسِof people
وَلِكُلٍّ مَكَانَهُ مِنْ هَوَى النَّاسِ
وَكلٌُّand each بِالتَّكرُمَاتِof honors جَدِيرُworthy
وَكلٌُّ بِالتَّكرُمَاتِ جَدِيرُ
And each has his place in people's affections,
Yet each has his place in people's affections
and each is worthy of honors.
And each deserves respect
هَذِهthese يَاO أَحِبَّتيmy dear ones سَانِحَاتٌpassing thoughts
هَذِه يَا أَحِبَّتي سَانِحَاتٌ
لاَnot تُمَارِيdispute فِيin الْحَقِّthe truth وَالْحَقُّand truth نُورُlight
لاَ تُمَارِي فِي الْحَقِّ وَالْحَقُّ نُورُ
These, my dear friends, are passing thoughts
My friends, these are truths
that do not dispute truth—and truth is light.
Beyond contention, for truth is light
كانَwas فِيin الشِّعرِpoetry لِيfor me مَرَامٌan ambition خطِيرُlofty
كانَ فِي الشِّعرِ لِي مَرَامٌ خطِيرُ
فَعَدَاso exceeded طَوْقِيmy capacity الْمُرَامُthe ambition الخَطِيرُlofty
فَعَدَا طَوْقِي الْمُرَامُ الخَطِيرُ
I had a lofty ambition in poetry,
I had great hopes for my poetry
but that lofty ambition exceeded my power.
But my soaring ambitions escaped me
هَائِمٌwandering فِيin الْوجُودِexistence أَسْاَلُهُI ask it for الوَحْيَinspiration
هَائِمٌ فِي الْوجُودِ أَسْاَلُهُ الوَحْيَ
كَمَاas يَسْأَلُasks الغَنِيَّthe rich man الْفقِيرُthe poor man
كَمَا يَسْأَلُ الغَنِيَّ الْفقِيرُ
Wandering in existence, I ask it for inspiration,
Roving in existence, I ask inspiration
as the poor man asks of the rich.
As the destitute asks the wealthy
لَهْجُfervent مَاnot ادْخَرْتُI held back عَزْماًresolve وَلَكِنْbut
لَهْجُ مَا ادْخَرْتُ عَزْماً وَلَكِنْ
مُرَادِيmy aim نَاءٍdistant وَبَاعِيand my reach قَصِيرُshort
مُرَادِي نَاءٍ وَبَاعِي قَصِيرُ
Fervent, I have held back no resolve; yet
I have drive and determination
my aim is distant, and my reach is short.
Yet my will is frail and my means meager
أَكْبَرُونِيthey exalted me وَلَسْتُand I am not أَكْبِرُexalting نَفْسِيmyself
أَكْبَرُونِي وَلَسْتُ أَكْبِرُ نَفْسِي
أَنَاI فِيin الْفَنِّart مُسْتَفِيدٌa learner صَغِيرُsmall
أَنَا فِي الْفَنِّ مُسْتَفِيدٌ صَغِيرُ
They have exalted me, but I do not exalt myself.
They honor me, but I'm not greater than myself
In art, I am a humble learner.
For in art I'm a minor beneficiary
فَوْقabove شِعْرِيmy poetry شِعْرُpoetry وَفَوْقَand above أَجَلَّthe noblest
فَوْق شِعْرِي شِعْرُ وَفَوْقَ أَجَلَّ
الشِّعرِpoetry مَاwhat قُدِّرَwas ordained الْبَدِيعُthe Originator الْقَدِيرُthe Almighty
الشِّعرِ مَا قُدِّرَ الْبَدِيعُ الْقَدِيرُ
There is poetry above mine, and above the noblest
Above my verse is finer verse, and beyond
poetry lies what was ordained by the Originator, the Almighty.
The best poetry lies what the Almighty has decreed
لاَnot يَضِيقُis cramped صَدْرُthe heart of شاعِرٍa poet بِأَخِيهِby his brother
لاَ يَضِيقُ صَدْرُ شاعِرٍ بِأَخِيهِ
يَكْرَهُabhors الْفَضْلُexcellence أَنْthat تَضِيقَbecome constricted الصُّدُورُthe hearts
يَكْرَهُ الْفَضْلُ أَنْ تَضِيقَ الصُّدُورُ
A poet's heart is not cramped by his brother;
No poet's heart should be grudged his brother
excellence abhors constricted hearts.
Excellence abhors constricted hearts
وَالسَّماوَاتُand the heavens لَوْif تَأَمَّلتَyou contemplate فِيْهَاthem
وَالسَّماوَاتُ لَوْ تَأَمَّلتَ فِيْهَا
لَيْسَnot تُحْصَىcan be counted شُمُوسُهَاtheir suns وَالْبُدُورُand the full moons
لَيْسَ تُحْصَى شُمُوسُهَا وَالْبُدُورُ
And the heavens, if you contemplate them—
The heavens, if you observe them
their suns and full moons cannot be counted.
Have countless suns and moons
كُلُّevery جُرمٍcelestial body يَعْلُوrises وَيُصْبحُand becomes نَجْماًa star
كُلُّ جُرمٍ يَعْلُو وَيُصْبحُ نَجْماً
فَلْكُهُits orbit صَغيرٌsmall وَفيهِand within it يَدُورُit revolves
فَلْكُهُ صَغيرٌ وَفيهِ يَدُورُ
Every celestial body rises and becomes a star;
Every orb ascends to become a star
its orbit is small, and within it it revolves.
Small though its sphere, revolving
والنُّجومُand the stars الَّتِيthat تَلُوحُappear وَتُخْفَىand are hidden
والنُّجومُ الَّتِي تَلُوحُ وَتُخْفَى
رَبَوَاتٌmyriads وَمَاand not يَضِيقُis crowded الأَثِيرُthe ether
رَبَوَاتٌ وَمَا يَضِيقُ الأَثِيرُ
And the stars that appear and are hidden
The stars that shine and disappear
are myriads, yet the ether is not crowded.
Are but motes, infinity allows no limits
ذَاكَthat أَسْمَىthe loftiest مَطَالِبَaspirations for الْمَجْدِglory لاَnot
ذَاكَ أَسْمَى مَطَالِبَ الْمَجْدِ لاَ
يُدْرِكُهُattains it مَدَّعٍa pretender وَلاَand not مَغْرُورُa conceited person
يُدْرِكُهُ مَدَّعٍ وَلاَ مَغْرُورُ
That is the loftiest aspiration of glory; it is not
That is the highest of glory's goals
attained by a pretender or a conceited man.
Unattainable by pretender and deluded
عَجَبٌa wonder مَاwhat رَأَيْتُهُI saw فِيin زَمَانِيmy time
عَجَبٌ مَا رَأَيْتُهُ فِي زَمَانِي
مِنْof بُغَاثٍweak birds مُسْتَنْسِرٍposing as an eagle لاَnot يطِيرُflies
مِنْ بُغَاثٍ مُسْتَنْسِرٍ لاَ يطِيرُ
Strange is what I have seen in my time:
What wonders I've seen in my time
weak birds posing as eagles, yet unable to fly.
Fledglings screeching, unable to fly
دَعْleave aside مِنَof الْفَخْرِboasting مَاwhat تَعَاطَاهُhe indulged in it
دَعْ مِنَ الْفَخْرِ مَا تَعَاطَاهُ
مَزْهُوٌa vain man بِتَرْدِيدِin reciting شِعْرِهِhis poetry وَفَخُورُand a boastful man
مَزْهُوٌ بِتَرْدِيدِ شِعْرِهِ وَفَخُورُ
Leave aside the boasting indulged in by
Spare me the empty boasts
one vain and proud of reciting his own verse,
Of the arrogant quoting their verses, proud
وَصِفاتٌand qualities لِبْثُهَاto broadcast them يَقْرَعُhe beats الطَّبلَthe drum
وَصِفاتٌ لِبْثُهَا يَقْرَعُ الطَّبلَ
الْمُدَوِّيَresounding وَيُضْرَبُand is played الطُّنبُورُthe tambur
الْمُدَوِّيَ وَيُضْرَبُ الطُّنبُورُ
and the qualities he broadcasts by beating a drum
And attributes advertised to beat
that thunders, while the tambur is played.
The resounding drums and blare of trumpets
يَكْرَهُabhors الْفَضْلُexcellence مَاwhat يُعيدُhe repeats وَيُبْدِيand proclaims
يَكْرَهُ الْفَضْلُ مَا يُعيدُ وَيُبْدِي
مِنْof دَعَاوَىclaims فَنِّيةٍartistic هِيthey زُورُfalsehood
مِنْ دَعَاوَى فَنِّيةٍ هِي زُورُ
Excellence abhors what he repeats and proclaims
Excellence scorns repetitive claptrap
of artistic claims that are false.
And bogus claims of artistry, pure fraud
هِيَit فِيin الْمَجْدِglory رُتبَةُa rank فُرِضَتْwas imposed
هِيَ فِي الْمَجْدِ رُتبَةُ فُرِضَتْ
فَرْضاًforcibly وَلَمْand did not يَشْهَدِwitness الْحِسَابَthe reckoning الضَّمِيرُconscience
فَرْضاً وَلَمْ يَشْهَدِ الْحِسَابَ الضَّمِيرُ
It is a rank in glory imposed
In glory they gained a status
by force, with conscience absent from the reckoning.
Imposed arbitrarily, no conscience bore witness
لَيْسَnot حُكْمُthe judgment الْجُمْهُورِof the public فِيهَاon it بِحُكْمٍa true judgment
لَيْسَ حُكْمُ الْجُمْهُورِ فِيهَا بِحُكْمٍ
وَلِحِينٍand for a time قَدْmay يُخْدَعُbe deceived الْجُمْهُورُthe public
وَلِحِينٍ قَدْ يُخْدَعُ الْجُمْهُورُ
The public's judgment on it is no true judgment;
Popular opinion is no measure here
and for a time, the public may be deceived.
For crowds can often be misled
سَلْask فُحُولَthe masters الْقَرِيضِof verse ممَّنamong those who بِهِمْthrough them
سَلْ فُحُولَ الْقَرِيضِ ممَّن بِهِمْ
أَنَلْgained (contextual reading) مَجْداًglory هَذَاthis الزمَانُage الأَخِيرُlatter
أَنَلْ مَجْداً هَذَا الزمَانُ الأَخِيرُ
Ask the masters of verse, those through whom
Ask the doyens of verse who gave
this latter age has won glory:
Renown to this recent age of ours
هَلْis there ...? لِمَحْمُودٍfor Mahmoud هَلْis there ...? لِحَافِظَfor Hafiz إِبرَاهِيمَIbrahim
هَلْ لِمَحْمُودٍ هَلْ لِحَافِظَ إِبرَاهِيمَ
فِيمَنْamong those who أَجَادَexcelled شِعْراًin poetry نَظِيرُa peer
فِيمَنْ أَجَادَ شِعْراً نَظِيرُ
Has Mahmoud—has Hafiz Ibrahim—
Did Mahmoud, did Hafez Ibrahim
a peer among those who excelled in poetry?
Match those eminent in poetry?
وَمِنَand among الْعُرْبِthe Arabs لاَnot يُحَاشىis exempted امْرُؤَImru' الْقَيْسِal-Qays
وَمِنَ الْعُرْبِ لاَ يُحَاشى امْرُؤَ الْقَيْسِ
وَيَنأَىand stands apart عَنِfrom القِياسِcomparison جَرِيرُJarir
وَيَنأَى عَنِ القِياسِ جَرِيرُ
And among the Arabs, Imru' al-Qays is no exception,
Of the Arabs none surpassed Imru' al-Qais
and Jarir is beyond comparison.
Or rivaled Jarir in excellence
رَجْعَةٌa return رَجْعَةٌa return إِلىto الْفَنِّart
رَجْعَةٌ رَجْعَةٌ إِلى الْفَنِّ
إِنَّindeed الْفَنَّart فِيهِin it الإِنْصَافُfairness وَالتَّقْدِيرُand appreciation
إِنَّ الْفَنَّ فِيهِ الإِنْصَافُ وَالتَّقْدِيرُ
Back, back to art!
Return, return to the art
For in art dwell fairness and appreciation.
Wherein lie balance and respect
إِنَّindeed هَذَاthis الإِكْرَامَhonor لِلفَنِّfor art لاَnot لِيfor me
إِنَّ هَذَا الإِكْرَامَ لِلفَنِّ لاَ لِي
وَالْمُرَامُand the aim الذِيthat ابْتغَيْتُمْyou sought كَبِيرُgreat
وَالْمُرَامُ الذِي ابْتغَيْتُمْ كَبِيرُ
This honor is for art, not for me,
This honor is for art, not for me
and the aim you sought is great.
And you have nobly sought the greater goal
أَيُّwhatever قِسْطٍshare أَوْلَيْتُمُونِيyou bestowed on me مِنْهُof it
أَيُّ قِسْطٍ أَوْلَيْتُمُونِي مِنْهُ
هُوَit فَضْلٌa favor عَلَىbeyond قَلِيليmy little contribution كَثِيرُgreat
هُوَ فَضْلٌ عَلَى قَلِيلي كَثِيرُ
Whatever share of it you have bestowed upon me
I am scarcely deserving of your gift
is a great favor beyond my small contribution.
Though it be far above my modest merit
ذَاكَthat قوْلِيmy statement وَلَيْسَand does not ينقصُdiminish شُكْرِيmy gratitude
ذَاكَ قوْلِي وَلَيْسَ ينقصُ شُكْرِي
وَأَخُوكمْand your brother كَمَاas عَلِمْتُمْyou know شَكُورُgrateful
وَأَخُوكمْ كَمَا عَلِمْتُمْ شَكُورُ
That is what I say, and it does not lessen my gratitude;
Such are my words, and this does not diminish
and your brother, as you know, is grateful.
My gratitude, for you know I'm thankful
غَيْرَexcept أَنِّيthat I أَخْشىfear تَخَطِّيoverstepping حَدِّيmy limit
غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَخْشى تَخَطِّي حَدِّي
وَهُوَand it ضِعْفٌa weakness مِنِّيon my part فَهَلْso is there ...? لِيfor me عَذِيرُone who excuses
وَهُوَ ضِعْفٌ مِنِّي فَهَلْ لِي عَذِيرُ
Yet I fear overstepping my bounds,
Only I fear exceeding my status
and this is a weakness in me; will anyone excuse me?
A weakness, but is there an excuse?
إِنَّindeed هَذَاthis التَمْثالَstatue يَاO رَافِعِيهِyou who raise it
إِنَّ هَذَا التَمْثالَ يَا رَافِعِيهِ
لَجزَاءٌsurely a reward عَلَىfor الْقَلِيلِlittle كَثِيرُgreat
لَجزَاءٌ عَلَى الْقَلِيلِ كَثِيرُ
This statue, O you who raise it,
This statue, O you who raised it
is surely a great reward for little.
Rewards the little with the great
ذاكَthat فَضْلٌgenerosity مِنْكُمْfrom you وَمَاand has not زالَceased حَقّاًto be true
ذاكَ فَضْلٌ مِنْكُمْ وَمَا زالَ حَقّاً
إِنَّindeed مَاwhat يَفعَلdoes الْكَبِيرُthe great man كَبِيرُgreat
إِنَّ مَا يَفعَل الْكَبِيرُ كَبِيرُ
That is generosity from you, and it has always been true:
A generosity from you, and ever the right
indeed, what a great man does is great.
Of the magnanimous to act magnanimously
Sol 6.1