طافhe went round بإبريقwith a pitcher of طلاًwine حينwhen صاحcried out
طاف بإبريق طلاً حين صاح
حيcome علىto الأقداحthe goblets ديكthe cock of الصباحdawn
حي على الأقداح ديك الصباح
He went round with a pitcher of wine when a cry rang out:
He came round with a jug seeking dew when the rooster crowed
'Come to the goblets!'—from the cock of dawn.
Hail to the goblets as the dawn cock crows
فقمتso I rose والقرقفwhile the wine فيin راحهhis palm
فقمت والقرقف في راحه
أشربI drink منfrom وجنتهhis cheek كاسa cup of راحwine
أشرب من وجنته كاس راح
So I rose, while the wine was in his palm,
So I got up while still relaxed
drinking from his cheek a cup of wine.
And drank from his rosy cheek a cup of comfort
وأقطفand I pluck التفاحapples منfrom خدهhis cheek
وأقطف التفاح من خده
راحيmy wine وتفاحيand my apples خدودthe cheeks of الملاحthe beautiful
راحي وتفاحي خدود الملاح
And I pluck apples from his cheek:
And plucked apples from his cheeks
my wine and my apples are the cheeks of the fair.
My comfort and his apple-cheeked salinity
يمزجهاhe mixes it بالريقwith saliva ليfor me شادنa young gazelle
يمزجها بالريق لي شادن
يبسمhe smiles عنrevealing ثغرa mouth كمثلlike الأقاحdaisies
يبسم عن ثغر كمثل الأقاح
A young gazelle mixes it with saliva for me,
He mixes it with spittle for me, delighted
smiling to reveal a mouth like daisies.
Smiling from a mouth like first fruits
نحييwe keep alive لكيso that يطعنhe may pierce صلبthe spine of الدجىdarkness
نحيي لكي يطعن صلب الدجى
بكاسهwith his cup والليلwhile the night داجيdark النواحthe reaches
بكاسه والليل داجي النواح
We keep the night alive, that he may pierce darkness's spine
We live so that he may pierce the heart of the pitch dark night
with his cup, while night lies dark on every side.
With his cup, while the night is wailing lamentations
ليfor me منfrom ثناياهhis front teeth ومنand from عينهhis eye
لي من ثناياه ومن عينه
معتلقاًclinging مغتبقan evening draught واصطباحand a morning drink
معتلقاً مغتبق واصطباح
From his front teeth and his eye I have,
For me, from his folds and his eyes
as I cling to him, an evening draught and a morning drink.
Clinging, immersed, and vigilant
منغمرٌimmersed بالجهلin ignorance لاnot ارعويI desist
منغمرٌ بالجهل لا ارعوي
جهليَmy ignorance علمknowledge وفاديand my redeemer صلاحrighteousness
جهليَ علم وفادي صلاح
Immersed in ignorance, I do not desist;
Immersed in ignorance, I do not observe
my ignorance is knowledge, and my redeemer is righteousness.
My ignorance is knowledge, and my redeemer is righteousness
اخفضI lower منout of ذلِّhumility جناحيmy wing لهto him
اخفض من ذلِّ جناحي له
وهلand is there لمقصوصfor one with clipped الخوافيinner flight feathers جناحa wing
وهل لمقصوص الخوافي جناح
I lower my wing to him in humility;
I lower the wing of my humiliation to him
and does one with clipped inner flight feathers have a wing?
Does one whose wings are cut have any wings?
يجيلhe turns about الحاظاًglances مراضاًlanguishing لهof his
يجيل الحاظاً مراضاً له
بأبيmy father as ransom تلكthose المراضailing ones الصحاحhealthy ones
بأبي تلك المراض الصحاح
He turns his languishing glances about;
He is jealous of my passionate love for him
may my father be ransom for those ailing yet sound eyes!
By my father, that pure jealousy
أطمحI look upward بالعينwith the eye إلىtoward عينهhis eye
أطمح بالعين إلى عينه
مآفةwhat bane الإنسانof man إلاbut الطماحoverreaching
مآفة الإنسان إلا الطماح
I lift my eye toward his eye;
I aspire with my eyes toward his eyes
what is man's bane but overreaching?
Man's affliction is nothing but aspiration
يشوبhe mingles بالسخطwith displeasure جميلlovely الرضاfavor
يشوب بالسخط جميل الرضا
ويمزجand he blends الجدearnestness لناfor us بالمزاحwith jest
ويمزج الجد لنا بالمزاح
He mingles displeasure with lovely favor,
Dissatisfaction mars the beauty of contentment
and blends earnestness with jest for us.
And mixes jest with seriousness for us
يحنُّhe yearns للقربfor nearness نزيعthe exile of الهوىlove
يحنُّ للقرب نزيع الهوى
حنينthe yearning of نوقshe-camels بالمواميin the wastes طلاحexhausted
حنين نوق بالموامي طلاح
Love's exile yearns for nearness,
The whimperer of passion yearns for nearness
with the yearning of exhausted she-camels in the wastes.
With the yearning of a camel bellowing for its mistress
أغيدa supple youth لمnot نعدلwe turn aside إلىtoward غادةa maiden
أغيد لم نعدل إلى غادة
عنهaway from him ولاnor غيداءa graceful woman رودgentle رداحfull-hipped
عنه ولا غيداء رود رداح
A supple youth—we never turned toward a maiden
I do not swerve toward any other love
away from him, nor toward a gentle, full-hipped beauty.
Nor has any other love swerved towards me
مهفهفslender القدof stature رهيفdelicate الحشاof waist
مهفهف القد رهيف الحشا
مهزswaying هزswinging الأعطافthe flanks شاكيfully equipped with السلاحarms
مهز هز الأعطاف شاكي السلاح
Slender of stature, delicate of waist,
With swaying gait and slender frame
swaying, swinging his flanks, fully armed.
Shaking his limbs, complaining of the night
منwho ليfor me بهwith him متشحاًwearing a sash أنwhen مشىhe walks
من لي به متشحاً أن مشى
علقclings قلبيmy heart بمناطto the fastening of الوشاحthe sash
علق قلبي بمناط الوشاح
Who will bring him to me, wearing his sash? When he walks,
If I could only have him wrap himself
my heart clings to the fastening of his sash.
My heart clung to the fabric of his robe
طوقهadorned his neck with الحسنbeauty هلالthe crescent of السماheaven
طوقه الحسن هلال السما
منعطفاًcurving لكنyet علىupon الجيدthe neck لاحit shone
منعطفاً لكن على الجيد لاح
Beauty made heaven's crescent his necklace,
Beauty haloes him like the crescent moon
curved in an arc, yet shining upon his neck.
Visible on his neck, not on his forehead
وقرطتand adorned with earrings أذنيهhis two ears للمشتريof Jupiter
وقرطت أذنيه للمشتري
كفa hand بعنقودwith a cluster of الثرياthe Pleiades اجتراحcraftsmanship
كف بعنقود الثريا اجتراح
And his ears were adorned with earrings by Jupiter's
And his ear is adorned as if to entice
crafting hand, with a cluster of the Pleiades.
A hand to pluck a cluster of Pleiades
ثمthen انثنىhe swayed يرقصsets dancing قرطيهhis two earrings منfrom
ثم انثنى يرقص قرطيه من
معقَصthe coil of جعديهhis two curls الصباyouth والمراحand merriment
معقَص جعديه الصبا والمراح
Then he swayed, his earrings set dancing from
Then he arches, dancing so his curls
the coil of his curls by youth and merriment.
Leap from his curly youthful locks
ياO سعدSa'd ماhow أسعدهاfortunate it was ليلةa night
يا سعد ما أسعدها ليلة
نالتattained بهاthrough it السعدgood fortune قريضthe poetry of البطاحthe broad valleys
نالت بها السعد قريض البطاح
O Sa'd, how fortunate a night it was!
O happy night that gained good fortune
Through it, the poetry of the broad valleys gained good fortune.
And met with success and intimacy
بالجوهريthrough al-Jawhari الفردthe peerless قدindeed صحَّproved true ماwhat
بالجوهري الفرد قد صحَّ ما
يرويهhe relates it عنهabout him جوهريal-Jawhari of الصحاحal-Sihah
يرويه عنه جوهري الصحاح
The peerless al-Jawhari has borne out what
With the unique and virtuous al-Jawhari
al-Jawhari of al-Sihah relates about him.
He validates what al-Jawhari documents in the Authentic Collection
فتىًa youth حمىdefended الشرعsacred law بأقالامهwith his pens
فتىً حمى الشرع بأقالامه
لاnot بظبيwith the edges of البيضbright swords وسمرand tawny الرماحspears
لا بظبي البيض وسمر الرماح
A youth who guarded sacred law with his pens,
A young man who protected sacred law with his pens
not with the edges of bright swords and tawny spears.
Not with the horns of oryx or spears of lances
سلask فصحاءthe eloquent men of العصرthe age تخبركthey tell you كمhow often
سل فصحاء العصر تخبرك كم
ردهمhe rendered them بالقولthrough speech غيرnot الفصاحeloquent
ردهم بالقول غير الفصاح
Ask the eloquent men of the age: they will tell you how often
Ask the eloquent ones of this age-how many
his speech reduced them to men without eloquence.
He returned speechless, however eloquent
يصدقhe speaks truthfully بالقولin speech وكمand how many منof فتىًa youth
يصدق بالقول وكم من فتىً
أكذبmore mendacious فيin منطقهhis speech منthan سجاحSajah
أكذب في منطقه من سجاح
He speaks truth—and how many a youth
Truthful in word unlike many a young man
is more mendacious in his speech than Sajah!
More mendacious in his speech than wailing women
القائلthe speaker of القولthe word ولاand no منكرobjector
القائل القول ولا منكر
والفاعلand the doer of الفعلthe deed ولاand no لحيrebuke by لاحa censurer
والفاعل الفعل ولا لحي لاح
He speaks the word, with no one to object,
Speaking words without denial
and does the deed, with no censurer's rebuke.
Acting without timidity or caution
لاnot يرعويhe holds back عنfrom بذلfreely giving معرفةٍknowledge
لا يرعوي عن بذل معرفةٍ
أنeven if أكثرredoubles اللاحيthe censurer المجدُّthe earnest اللحاحinsistence
أن أكثر اللاحي المجدُّ اللحاح
He never holds back from freely giving knowledge,
He does not refrain from dispensing knowledge
even if the earnest censurer redoubles his insistence.
Though most questioners seek only captious wrangling
جاءتbore بهhim أمُّthe mother of العلىglory مفرداًas an only child
جاءت به أمُّ العلى مفرداً
عقيمهاher sole offspring وهوthough he is ابنa son of حيa clan اللقاحfertile
عقيمها وهو ابن حي اللقاح
The mother of glory bore him as an only child,
He was born to a sterile mother unique
her one and only, though a son of a fertile clan.
And he the son of the Living Impregnator
فجاءso he came مجبولاًformed by nature علىwith فطرةan innate disposition
فجاء مجبولاً على فطرة
صيانةsafeguarding العرضhonor ومالand wealth مباحfreely available
صيانة العرض ومال مباح
Thus he came, formed with an innate disposition:
So he came endowed with the nature
to guard his honor and make his wealth free to all.
To preserve honor and what is permissible
لمnot تعلقclung to الآثامsins أبرادهhis cloaks
لم تعلق الآثام أبراده
ولاnor اعتراهovertook him نشوانdrunkenness of المراحmerriment
ولا اعتراه نشوان المراح
Sins never clung to his cloaks,
Sins did not cling to his tent pegs
nor did drunken merriment overtake him.
Nor did the fires of passion afflict him
يوماهhis two days فيin الدهرlife إذاwhen عدداboth are counted
يوماه في الدهر إذا عددا
يومa day of ندىًbounty كافٍample ويومand a day of كفاحbattle
يوم ندىً كافٍ ويوم كفاح
His two days in life, when counted,
If you count his days in time
are a day of ample bounty and a day of battle.
Each day sufficed and was a struggle
غضتlowered لهbefore him الأعداءthe enemies أصواتهاtheir voices
غضت له الأعداء أصواتها
أنwhen أجهرhe raised الصوتthe voice غداةon the morning of التلاحcontention
أن أجهر الصوت غداة التلاح
His enemies lowered their voices before him,
The enemies muted their voices toward him
when he raised his voice on the morning of contention.
As the loudest voice is muted at daybreak
والليثand the lion إنif زمجرroared فيin غابهhis thicket
والليث إن زمجر في غابه
غضتhushed كلابthe dogs of الحيthe camp منهbefore him النباحbarking
غضت كلاب الحي منه النباح
And if the lion roars in his thicket,
Even if the lion roars in his jungle
the camp's dogs hush their barking before him.
The dogs of the neighborhood mute their barking
يوسعit widens جرحاًa wound بحشاin the breast of خصمهhis adversary
يوسع جرحاً بحشا خصمه
لسانهhis tongue العضبkeen-edged ويوسيand it heals الجراحwounds
لسانه العضب ويوسي الجراح
A wound is opened wide in his adversary's breast by
With his biting tongue he enlarges a wound
his keen-edged tongue, which also heals wounds.
To his adversary, exacerbating the gashes
ليسthere is not لهfor him إلاexcept العلىgreatness ديدنa constant habit
ليس له إلا العلى ديدن
سجيةan innate trait والكرمand generosity المستماحsought by supplicants
سجية والكرم المستماح
He has no constant habit except greatness,
He has no habit but nobility
his natural disposition, and bounty sought by supplicants.
In character, and generous giving
إنif لمnot يفزwins قدحa lot-arrow لأهلfor the men of الجداbounty
إن لم يفز قدح لأهل الجدا
علَّمhe teaches أهلthe men of الجودgenerosity ضربthe casting of القداحlot-arrows
علَّم أهل الجود ضرب القداح
If no lot-arrow wins for the men of bounty,
If the noble do not win a prize
he teaches the generous how to cast the lot-arrows.
He teaches the generous to clap their hands
ياO ابنson of النواصيthe forelocks البيضthe white منfrom يعربYa'rub
يا ابن النواصي البيض من يعرب
ذويpossessors of المجاليsplendid appearances والوجوهand faces الصباحradiant
ذوي المجالي والوجوه الصباح
O son of Ya'rub's white-forelocked men,
O you of white temples and bright faces
possessors of splendid bearing and radiant faces,
More radiant than dawn however bright it gets
أبيضradiant أنwhen أسفرhe unveils عنto reveal واضحa bright countenance
أبيض أن أسفر عن واضح
غبَّرhe casts dust بالبيضupon the fair الوجوهfaces الوضاحthe radiant
غبَّر بالبيض الوجوه الوضاح
radiant himself: when he unveils his bright countenance,
I make plain not to obscure the clear
he casts dust upon fair, radiant faces.
I do not darken bright faces however murky they become
يبدوhe appears بوجهٍwith a face شرقradiant بالحياwith modesty
يبدو بوجهٍ شرق بالحيا
فدىًa ransom لهfor him تلكthose الوجوهfaces الوقاحshameless
فدىً له تلك الوجوه الوقاح
He appears with a face radiant with modesty;
His face shines with a life
may those shameless faces be his ransom!
I ransom those insolent faces for him!
وأريحيand a generous soul راحhas become فيin طبعهhis nature
وأريحي راح في طبعه
أرقّgentler منthan طبعthe nature of نسيمthe breeze of الرياحthe winds
أرقّ من طبع نسيم الرياح
And a generous soul, whose disposition has grown
And comfort came easy to his nature
gentler than the nature of the winds' breeze.
- Gentler than the nature of the winds
قامrose إلىtoward المجدglory فتىa youth حازهhe attained it
قام إلى المجد فتى حازه
وكمand how many فتىa youth دونshort of مدىthe reach of المجدglory طاحfell
وكم فتى دون مدى المجد طاح
A youth rose toward glory and attained it,
A young man who won glory stands
while many a youth fell short of glory's reach.
While countless others fall short of glory’s range
إذاwhen جرىhe races لغايةtoward a goal جامحاًheadstrong
إذا جرى لغاية جامحاً
لمnot يثنturns him aside عنهاfrom it ثنيهcurbing him عنfrom جماحheadlong rushing
لم يثن عنها ثنيه عن جماح
When he races headstrong toward a goal,
If he surges forth fiercely to his goal
curbing his headlong rush does not turn him from it.
He does not divert his course from the objects of his aspiration
ذوpossessed of خلقcharacter عبقٍfragrant زهرthe blossoms of الربىthe hills
ذو خلق عبقٍ زهر الربى
تدعوcall إلاonly حيهلاcome, welcome للنجاحto success
تدعو إلا حيهلا للنجاح
He has a fragrant character; the hills' blossoms
Of refined character, the blossom of dignity
call only, 'Come, come to success!'
To which its bee is summoned for success
قدindeed هتفhas cried out الجودgenerosity بناديهمin their assembly
قد هتف الجود بناديهم
حيcome علىto جودهمtheir bounty والفلاحand prosperity
حي على جودهم والفلاح
Generosity has cried out in their assembly:
Generosity proclaimed him one of its criers
'Come to their bounty and to prosperity!'
Hail to their generosity and success!
أكفهمtheir palms محياًlife لعافيto the supplicant among الورىhumankind
أكفهم محياً لعافي الورى
وللأولاةand for the leaders of الخصمthe enemy حتفٌdeath متاحat hand
وللأولاة الخصم حتفٌ متاح
Their palms are life to mankind's supplicant,
Their palms are life-saving for humankind
and death at hand for the enemy's leaders.
And death-dealing to hostile foes when cries arise
المانعونthose who ward off الضيمinjustice عنfrom جارهمtheir neighbor
المانعون الضيم عن جارهم
إذاwhen دعاcalls الداعيthe caller وضجَّand grows loud الصياحthe shouting
إذا دعا الداعي وضجَّ الصياح
Those who ward off injustice from their neighbor,
They spur on horses dusty from journeying
when the caller calls and the shouting swells,
Wherever the horizon looms and the day breaks
والمصدرونand those who bring back الخيلthe horses شعثdisheveled الطلىof neck
والمصدرون الخيل شعث الطلى
حيثwhere أغامgrew cloudy الأفقthe horizon واليومwhile the day صاحclear
حيث أغام الأفق واليوم صاح
and bring the horses back with disheveled necks,
A people who when they had power forgave
where the horizon clouds over though the day is clear.
Turning away their gazes from the squint-eyed
قومa people إذاwhen ماever قدرواthey gain power أعرضواthey turn away
قوم إذا ما قدروا أعرضوا
صفحاin pardon وردواand they return للجفونto the sheaths الصفاحthe sword-blades
صفحا وردوا للجفون الصفاح
A people who, whenever they gain power, turn aside
When the horizon shuddered from the cold
in pardon, and return the sword-blades to their sheaths.
The rainclouds did not cease to pour down heavily
إذاwhen اقشعرَّshudders الأفقthe horizon منfrom شتوةa winter spell
إذا اقشعرَّ الأفق من شتوة
ماnot برحتit ceases to be غبراءdust-gray إذwhen لاno براحescape
ما برحت غبراء إذ لا براح
When the horizon shudders from a winter spell
Suckling the clouds despite its stinginess
that remains dust-gray, when there is no escape,
If the grasping hands of askers fell short
أرضعتthey suckle السحبthe clouds باخلافهاwith their udders
أرضعت السحب باخلافها
انif بخلتwithhold منهany of it الضروبthe kinds الشحاحthe miserly
ان بخلت منه الضروب الشحاح
their palms suckle the clouds with their udders,
if the miserly kinds begrudge any of it.
Partial English translation: 94 of 96 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1