إذاwhen ماemphatic particle الفتىthe young man فيamong الناسpeople بالعقلthrough reason قدalready سماrose high
إذا ما الفتى في الناس بالعقل قد سما
تيقّنknew for certain أنthat الأرضthe earth منfrom فوقهاabove it السماthe sky
تيقّن أن الأرض من فوقها السما
When a young man rises high among people through reason,
If a young man is distinguished among people by his intellect,
He knows for certain that above the earth is the sky,
Be certain that the earth is above the sky,
وأنand that السماthe sky منfrom تحتهاbeneath it الأرضthe earth لمhas not تزلceased
وأن السما من تحتها الأرض لم تزل
وبينهماand between them both أشياthings متىwhenever ظهرتthey appear تُرىare seen
وبينهما أشيا متى ظهرت تُرى
And that beneath the sky the earth has always remained,
And that the sky is beneath the earth it has not ceased to be,
And between them are things seen whenever they appear.
And between them are things - when they appear they can be seen,
وإنيand I سأبديshall reveal بعضَsome of ماwhat قدalready علمتهI learned it
وإني سأبدي بعضَ ما قد علمته
ليعلمso it may be known أنيthat I منamong ذويthose possessing اللمunderstanding والحجىand reason
ليعلم أني من ذوي اللم والحجى
And I shall reveal some of what I have learned,
And I will reveal some of what I have learned,
So it may be known that I possess understanding and reason.
So it may be known that I possess intelligence and wisdom,
فمنso among ذاكthat أنthat الناسpeople منfrom نسلthe offspring of آدمAdam
فمن ذاك أن الناس من نسل آدم
ومنهمand among them أبيmy father سودونSudun أيضاًalso ولوeven though مضىhe is gone
ومنهم أبي سودون أيضاً ولو مضى
And among these is that people descend from Adam,
For from that, people are the progeny of Adam,
And among them is my father, Sudun, too, even though he is gone;
Among them is my father Sudun, even if he passed away,
وأنand that أبيmy father زوّجwas married لأميto my mother وأننيand that I
وأن أبي زوّج لأمي وأنني
أناI ابنهماson of them both والناسand people همthey themselves يعرفونknow ذاthis
أنا ابنهما والناس هم يعرفون ذا
And that my father was married to my mother, and that I—
And that my father married my mother, and I
I am their son, and people themselves know this.
Am their son, and people know this,
وكمand how many عجبmarvels عنديI have بمصرin Egypt وغيرهاand places besides it
وكم عجب عندي بمصر وغيرها
فمصرfor Egypt بهاin it نيلa Nile علىover الطينthe mud قدalready جرىflowed
فمصر بها نيل على الطين قد جرى
And how many marvels I know in Egypt and elsewhere!
And how strange it is to me about Egypt and others,
For Egypt has a Nile that has flowed over mud.
Egypt, through which the Nile flows on the mud,
ومنand from نيلهاits Nile منwhoever نامslept فيin الليلthe night بلّهwetted him
ومن نيلها من نام في الليل بلّه
وليستand does not تبلّwet الشمسthe sun منwhoever نامslept فيin الضحىmidmorning
وليست تبلّ الشمس من نام في الضحى
And its Nile wets whoever sleeps at night,
And whoever sleeps at night in its Nile wets the bed,
And the sun does not wet whoever sleeps in midmorning.
But the sun does not wet whoever sleeps at noon,
وفيand in الشامthe Levant أقوامpeople إذاwhen ماemphatic particle رأيتهمyou see them
وفي الشام أقوام إذا ما رأيتهم
ترىyou see ظهرthe back of كلeach منهمof them وهوand it منfrom وراbehind
ترى ظهر كل منهم وهو من ورا
And in the Levant are people: whenever you see them,
And in Damascus are people - when you see them,
You see each one's back, and it is at the rear.
You see each of their backs while they are from the front,
وتسخنand grows hot فيهاin it النارthe fire فيin الصيفthe summer دائماًalways
وتسخن فيها النار في الصيف دائماً
ويبردand grows cold فيهاin it الماءthe water فيin زمنthe season of الشتاwinter
ويبرد فيها الماء في زمن الشتا
And there fire always grows hot in summer,
And fire heats up constantly in it during summer,
And there water grows cold in winter.
And water cools in it during winter,
وقدand may يضحكlaugh الإنسانa person أوقاتduring the times of فرحهhis joy
وقد يضحك الإنسان أوقات فرحه
ويبكيand weeps زمانat the time of الحزنsorrow فيهاin it إذاwhen ابتلىis afflicted
ويبكي زمان الحزن فيها إذا ابتلى
And a person may laugh in times of joy,
And a person may laugh during times of joy,
And weep there in times of sorrow, when afflicted.
And cry during times of affliction when tested,
وفيand in القدسJerusalem قالsaid الناسpeople إنthat كرومهاits vineyards
وفي القدس قال الناس إن كرومها
لهاthey have عنبgrapes يحلوgrow sweet إذاwhen طابbecame ripe واستوىand matured
لها عنب يحلو إذا طاب واستوى
And in Jerusalem, people said that its vineyards
And in Jerusalem, it is said its vineyards
Have grapes that grow sweet when ripe and fully mature.
Have grapes that are sweet when ripe and ready,
وفيand in الصينChina صينيchinaware إذاwhen ماemphatic particle طرقتهyou tap it
وفي الصين صيني إذا ما طرقته
يطنّit rings كصينيlike chinaware طرقتyou tapped سواalike سواalike
يطنّ كصيني طرقت سوا سوا
And in China there is china: whenever you tap it,
And in China, a Chinese, when you knock him,
It rings like china you have tapped—exactly alike.
Rattles like a Chinese knocked evenly,
ومَنand whoever قدalready رأىsaw فيin الهندIndia شيئاًsomething بعينهwith his own eye
ومَن قد رأى في الهند شيئاً بعينه
فذاكthen that لهfor him بالعينwith the eye فيin الهندIndia قدalready رأىhe saw
فذاك له بالعين في الهند قد رأى
And whoever has seen something in India with his own eye,
And whoever saw something in India with his eye,
That is what he himself has seen with his eye in India.
Then that is in his eye he saw in India,
وعشاقand lovers of إقليمthe region of الصعيدUpper Egypt بهin it رأواthey saw
وعشاق إقليم الصعيد به رأوا
ثماراًfruits كأثمارlike the fruits of العراقIraq لهاthey have نوىpits
ثماراً كأثمار العراق لها نوى
And lovers of the region of Upper Egypt have seen there
And lovers of Upper Egypt saw therein
Fruits like the fruits of Iraq, with pits.
Fruits like the fruits of Iraq that have pits,
بهاin it باسقاتtowering النخلthe palms وهيand they حواملladen
بها باسقات النخل وهي حوامل
بأثمارهاwith their fruit قالواthey said يحركهاit moves them الهواthe wind
بأثمارها قالوا يحركها الهوا
There are towering palms there, laden
With tall palm trees that are pregnant
With their fruit; they said the wind moves them.
With their fruits, they said the wind sways them,
وشاهدتand I saw فيin دمياطDamietta قطراًsugar syrup مكرراrefined
وشاهدت في دمياط قطراً مكررا
وموزاًand bananas عليهupon it قدalready تقشّرbecame peeled وارتمىand fell
وموزاً عليه قد تقشّر وارتمى
And in Damietta I saw refined sugar syrup,
And I witnessed in Damietta recurring rain,
And bananas, peeled and fallen upon it.
And bananas on which the peel has cracked and discarded,
بهاin it النجمthe star حالduring الغيمcloudiness يخفىis hidden ضياؤهits light
بها النجم حال الغيم يخفى ضياؤه
بهاin it الشمسthe sun حالduring الصحوclear weather يبدوappears لهاbelonging to it ضياradiance
بها الشمس حال الصحو يبدو لها ضيا
There, in cloudy weather, the star's light is hidden;
By which the stars hide their light during cloudiness,
There, in clear weather, the sun's radiance appears.
By which the sun shows its light during clearness,
وعنديand I have علومkinds of knowledge بعدbeyond هذاthis كثيرةmany
وعندي علوم بعد هذا كثيرة
تدلpoint علىto أنيthat I منamong الناسpeople ياO فتىyoung man
تدل على أني من الناس يا فتى
And beyond this I have much knowledge
And I have after this a lot more knowledge
That shows I am one of mankind, O young man.
That indicates, O youth, that I am of the people,
وماand not علّمنيtaught me ذاكthat أميmy mother ولاnor أبيmy father
وما علّمني ذاك أمي ولا أبي
ولاnor امرأةa woman قدalready زوّجانيthey both married me off ولاnor حماa father-in-law
ولا امرأة قد زوّجاني ولا حما
And neither my mother nor my father taught me this,
And neither my mother nor father taught me that,
Nor a woman they married me to, nor a father-in-law.
Nor a woman they married me to or a protector,
ولكننيbut I قدalready جرّبتهاI tested them فعرفتهاso I came to know them
ولكنني قد جرّبتها فعرفتها
وحققتهاand I verified them بالفهمthrough understanding والحِذقand skill والذكاand intelligence
وحققتها بالفهم والحِذق والذكا
But I have tested these things and so come to know them,
But I tried them and so knew them,
And verified them through understanding, skill, and intelligence.
And verified them with understanding, skill and intelligence,
فياso O بختgood fortune أميmy mother بيthrough me ألاah ياO سرورهاher joy
فيا بخت أمي بي ألا يا سرورها
إذاwhen سمعتshe hears أنيthat I أفوقI surpass علىover حجاḤajā (name as written)
إذا سمعت أني أفوق على حجا
So how lucky my mother is to have me—oh, her joy
So blessed is my mother by me! Lo the joy of her
When she hears that I surpass Ḥajā!
When she hears I surpass others in wisdom!
Sol 6.1