ماnot هِزَّةُthe sway الغُصْنِthe bough إِلاexcept مِلكُthe property هِزَّتِهhis sway
ما هِزَّةُ الغُصْنِ إِلا مِلكُ هِزَّتِه
وذِلَّةُand the abasement الصَّبِّthe yearning lover إِلاexcept طَوعُsubmission عِزَّتهhis pride
وذِلَّةُ الصَّبِّ إِلا طَوعُ عِزَّته
The bough’s sway is but the property of his sway,
The swaying of the branch is but its owner's sway
and the lover’s abasement but submission to his pride.
And the submission of youth is but the will of its glory
قدindeed أَشْبهَresembled البدرَthe full moon إِلاَّexcept فيin تبرُّجهhis display of beauty
قد أَشْبهَ البدرَ إِلاَّ في تبرُّجه
وأَشبهَand resembled الظَّبْيَthe gazelle إِلاexcept فيin تَلَفُّتِهhis glancing about
وأَشبهَ الظَّبْيَ إِلا في تَلَفُّتِه
He resembles the full moon, save in his display of beauty,
It resembled the full moon but for its display
and resembles the gazelle, save in his turning glances.
And the gazelle but for its glance and survey
وماand not رأَىsaw الناسُthe people ناراًa fire فيin توقُّدِهاits blazing
وما رأَى الناسُ ناراً في توقُّدِها
كَنارِlike the fire قلبيَmy heart إِلاexcept نَارَthe fire وجْنَتِهhis cheek
كَنارِ قلبيَ إِلا نَارَ وجْنَتِه
People have seen no fire ablaze
None has seen fire kindle as my heart's fire
like my heart’s fire, except the fire of his cheek.
Except its flame and blaze in fury and ire
أَهْوَىI love منamong العَربِthe Arabs العَرْباءِof pure Arab stock مِنone whom سأَلَتْasked
أَهْوَى من العَربِ العَرْباءِ مِن سأَلَتْ
عنهabout him الملاحَةُbeauty أَوor حلَّتsettled بِحُلَّتِهin his raiment
عنه الملاحَةُ أَو حلَّت بِحُلَّتِه
I love, among the Arabs of pure Arab stock, one whom
I love the most of Arabs, she who did implore
beauty asked after—or settled within his raiment.
Her kin about him, or pitched her tent on his terrain
ذلَّتhumbled herself لهbefore him وأَطاعَتْهand obeyed him فهلso, did عَلِمواthey know
ذلَّت له وأَطاعَتْه فهل عَلِموا
أَنَّthat الملاَحةَbeauty أَضْحتْbecame منamong أَحِبَّتِهhis beloveds
أَنَّ الملاَحةَ أَضْحتْ من أَحِبَّتِه
She humbled herself before him and obeyed him; so did they know
They submitted to him and obeyed his reign
that beauty had become one of his beloveds?
Know they not she's of those who his love obtain?
أَثْرىgrew wealthy منfrom الحُسْنbeauty حتىuntil قالsaid عَاشِقُهhis lover الthe
أَثْرى من الحُسْن حتى قال عَاشِقُه ال
مهجورُforsaken ياO رَبِّLord سِّلask (uncertain reading) وقتَthe time عُسْرتِهhis hardship
مهجورُ يا رَبِّ سِّل وقتَ عُسْرتِه
He grew rich in beauty, until his lover spoke—the
Of beauty he's the wealthiest so that his lover said
forsaken one: ‘O Lord, ask about his hour of hardship.’
Forsaken, Lord, ease his hardship instead
يَشْتَاقُlongs بارقُlightning نجدٍNajd معْalong with ثَنِيَّتهاits mountain pass
يَشْتَاقُ بارقُ نجدٍ معْ ثَنِيَّتها
والصَّبُّand the yearning lover يشتاقُlongs for برقاًa lightning-flash فيin ثَنِيَّتِهhis front tooth
والصَّبُّ يشتاقُ برقاً في ثَنِيَّتِه
Najd’s lightning longs, along with its mountain pass,
The lightning of Najd yearns for its bend
and the lover longs for a lightning-flash in his front tooth.
As the youngster yearns for lightning at day's end
ويعقِدُand knots الطَّبْعُinnate nature منهfrom him قافَthe letter qāf منطقهِhis speech
ويعقِدُ الطَّبْعُ منه قافَ منطقهِ
ويَحْلُلand loosens السُّكْرُdrunkenness منهfrom him سِبنَthe letter sīn (probable reading) طُرَّتهhis forelock
ويَحْلُل السُّكْرُ منه سِبنَ طُرَّته
And his nature knots the qāf of his speech,
Nature has composed of him an ode and verse
and drunkenness loosens the sīn of his forelock.
As drink composes his reason's scattered purse
يأْويtakes shelter إِلىin بيتa tent شَعرٍhair لوif شكاcomplained of مَلَلاًweariness
يأْوي إِلى بيت شَعرٍ لو شكا مَلَلاً
منfrom مُكْثِهhis staying فيهin it لاسْتَغْنَىhe would surely need nothing more بشَعْرتِهwith his single hair
من مُكْثِه فيه لاسْتَغْنَى بشَعْرتِه
He shelters in a hair-cloth tent; were he to complain of weariness
To a bayt of poetry he repairs, should he feel
from dwelling there, a single hair of his would suffice him.
Bored of staying; by its lines he'd appeal
وماand not رأَىhas seen الحسنَbeauty منwhoever لمdid not يرعَgraze on ناظرُهhis gaze
وما رأَى الحسنَ من لم يرعَ ناظرُه
تلكَthose الشمائلَgraces تَزْهوflourishing تَحْتَbeneath شَمْلَتِهhis cloak
تلكَ الشمائلَ تَزْهو تَحْتَ شَمْلَتِه
And no one has seen beauty whose gaze has not grazed on
Who hasn't seen Beauty hasn't seen it smile
those graces blooming beneath his cloak.
Under its garb and veil in style
ومَنْand whoever يكُنْis بِبياضِof whiteness اللَّونcomplexion ذاpossessing كَلفٍinfatuation
ومَنْ يكُنْ بِبياضِ اللَّون ذا كَلفٍ
فإِنَّthen indeed قلبيَmy heart مشغوفٌpassionately enamored بِسمْرتِهwith his dusky complexion
فإِنَّ قلبيَ مشغوفٌ بِسمْرتِه
Whoever may be enamored of a fair complexion,
Let pale complexion posing lofty pretend
my heart, for its part, is enthralled by his dusky hue.
For my heart is smitten by its dark amend
إِنif كانis مِسكُthe musk غزالِthe gazelle الهندIndia سُرتهits navel
إِن كان مِسكُ غزالِ الهند سُرته
فإِنَّthen indeed مسكَthe musk غزاليmy gazelle سُؤرُthe remainder شَرْبتهhis drink
فإِنَّ مسكَ غزالي سُؤرُ شَرْبته
If the Indian gazelle’s musk lies in its navel,
If Indian gazelle's musk is its scent
then my gazelle’s musk is the remnant of his drink.
My gazelle's musk is the intoxicant draught I've spent
هذاthis one أَميرُthe prince مِلاحthe fair ones الخلقcreation قاطبةٌwithout exception
هذا أَميرُ مِلاح الخلق قاطبةٌ
قولُواsay, all of you لهمto them فليُطيعواso let them obey أَمْرthe command إِمْرتهhis rule
قولُوا لهم فليُطيعوا أَمْر إِمْرته
This is the prince of all the fair in creation.
This is the king of all people's affection
Tell them to obey the command of his rule.
Tell them to heed his rule and direction
ولْيأْخُذواand let them take بيْعةٍa pledge of allegiance منهfrom him مُطاوعَةًwillingly
ولْيأْخُذوا بيْعةٍ منه مُطاوعَةً
فحُسْنُهfor his beauty قدalready تَوَلَّىundertook أَخْذَthe taking بَيْعَتِهallegiance to him
فحُسْنُه قد تَوَلَّى أَخْذَ بَيْعَتِه
Let them willingly receive a pledge from him,
And pledge to him allegiance and obey
for his beauty has undertaken to secure allegiance to him.
For his beauty has assumed all pledges today
ولْيقصِدواand let them seek قلبيmy heart المقصودَalready sought قبلَهُمbefore them
ولْيقصِدوا قلبي المقصودَ قبلَهُم
مِنهby him فقلبيfor my heart المُعَنَّىthe tormented دارُthe abode هِجْرَتهhis migration
مِنه فقلبي المُعَنَّى دارُ هِجْرَته
Let them seek my heart, already sought before them
Let hearts hasten to my heart that yearns
by him; my anguished heart is the abode of his migration.
For it's the home of all his love that burns
يَاO ناعِسَdrowsy one الطَّرفِthe gaze لاَno واللهby God ماnot انْتَبهتْawoke
يَا ناعِسَ الطَّرفِ لاَ والله ما انْتَبهتْ
فيكَfor you المَحَبَّةُlove إِلاَّexcept وَقْتَat the time نَعْسَتِهits drowsiness
فيكَ المَحَبَّةُ إِلاَّ وَقْتَ نَعْسَتِه
O drowsy-eyed one—no, by God, love never awoke
O heedless eyes awake, by God you never stirred
for you except at the moment your gaze grew drowsy.
Except when asleep, towards his love just third
وكاسِرَand you who lower الجَفْنِthe eyelid إِيyes واللهby God ماnot انكسرتbroke
وكاسِرَ الجَفْنِ إِي والله ما انكسرت
فيكَfor you الجوانحُthe ribs إِلاَّexcept بعدafter كسرتِهits drooping
فيكَ الجوانحُ إِلاَّ بعد كسرتِه
And you of drooping eyelid—yes, by God, the ribs never broke
And break, eyelids, for never you cracked
for you except after your eyelid drooped.
Except after breaking, to his love you lacked
ماnot لَحْظُthe glance عينيكِyour two eyes إِلاexcept شاربٌa drinker ثملٌdrunk
ما لَحْظُ عينيكِ إِلا شاربٌ ثملٌ
وكسرةُand the droop الجفْنِthe eyelid إِلاexcept عَيْنُthe very essence سَكْرَتِهhis drunkenness
وكسرةُ الجفْنِ إِلا عَيْنُ سَكْرَتِه
The glance of your eyes is but a drunken drinker,
Naught are your glances but a drunken haze
and the eyelid’s droop the very essence of his drunkenness.
Nor cracking lids but spilling tears in craze
ملكتَyou possessed قلبيmy heart فصُلso be imperious واقتدتand you led captive عَاصِيهits rebel
ملكتَ قلبي فصُل واقتدت عَاصِيه
فأَعْظِمso exalt yourself وأَضْرمتَand you kindled فيهin it نارَهits fire فَتهso strut
فأَعْظِم وأَضْرمتَ فيه نارَه فَته
You have mastered my heart—so be imperious—and led its rebel captive;
You ruled my heart, lit and stoked its fire
so exalt yourself; you have kindled its fire within it—so strut.
To spread and grow, doubling its blaze and pyre
إِنِّيindeed I لأَرْثيI surely pity لدمعيfor my tears منbecause of تَزاحُمهtheir crowding
إِنِّي لأَرْثي لدمعي من تَزاحُمه
كماjust as رَثيتُI pitied لِشَمْليfor my unity منbecause of تَشَتُّتِهits scattering
كما رَثيتُ لِشَمْلي من تَشَتُّتِه
I truly pity my tears for their crowding,
I mourn for my tears crowding without halt
as I pitied my unity for its scattering.
As I mourned for my state when it shattered and failed
هلis it? جُهدُthe exertion طرفِيَmy gaze إِلاَّexcept سُهْدthe sleeplessness نَاظِرهits eye
هل جُهدُ طرفِيَ إِلاَّ سُهْد نَاظِره
وجُهْدُand the exertion جَفْنِيَmy eyelid إِلاَّexcept سَكْبُthe pouring عَبْرَتِهits tear
وجُهْدُ جَفْنِيَ إِلاَّ سَكْبُ عَبْرَتِه
Is my gaze’s exertion anything but its eye’s sleeplessness,
Are my eyes' fatigue but gazing astray?
and my eyelid’s exertion anything but the pouring of its tears?
My lids' strain but flowing tears at play?
أَناI القويُّthe strong one بهمِّيthrough my sorrow والرشيدُand al-Rashid أَبيmy father
أَنا القويُّ بهمِّي والرشيدُ أَبي
هوhe الرئيسُthe chief عَلَىover الدُّنْياthe world بِهِمَّتِهthrough his resolve
هو الرئيسُ عَلَى الدُّنْيا بِهِمَّتِه
I am strong through my sorrow, and al-Rashid is my father;
I'm the strong, wise leader, my father's esteem
he is the chief over the world through his resolve.
He's the world's noble guide, glory's supreme
ياO سائلاًone who asks عنabout مَعَاليهhis lofty deeds ليشهرَهاto make them known
يا سائلاً عن مَعَاليه ليشهرَها
البْدرُthe full moon فيon الأُفْقِthe horizon يستَغْنِيhas no need بشُهْرَتِهthrough its renown
البْدرُ في الأُفْقِ يستَغْنِي بشُهْرَتِه
O you who ask about his lofty deeds to make them known,
When asked of his virtues that his fame spread
the full moon on the horizon needs no herald, thanks to its renown.
The full moon in the horizon by its repute is led
ذاكَthat one الَّذِيwho يبسِمُsmiles الدَّهْرُTime العبوسُthe scowling بهthrough him
ذاكَ الَّذِي يبسِمُ الدَّهْرُ العبوسُ به
تيهاًproudly وتبتَهجُand rejoices الدُّنْياthe world بِبَهْجَتِهin his radiance
تيهاً وتبتَهجُ الدُّنْيا بِبَهْجَتِه
He is the one through whom grim-faced Time smiles
He whose smile makes frowning time laugh and grin
in pride, and the world rejoices in his radiance.
And the world beam and blossom in joy and chagrin
هوhe العظيمُthe great وفيهand in him معalongside تَعَاظُمِهhis grandeur
هو العظيمُ وفيه مع تَعَاظُمِه
تواضُعٌhumility قدalready تَوَلَّىundertook رَفْعَraising رِفْعَتِهhis lofty rank
تواضُعٌ قد تَوَلَّى رَفْعَ رِفْعَتِه
He is great, yet in him, alongside his grandeur,
He's the greatest with utmost humility kept
is humility that has undertaken to raise his lofty rank.
That exalted his rank with glory adept
فماso, not السَّماوَاتُthe heavens إِلاَّexcept مِنْamong مَنازِلهhis dwellings
فما السَّماوَاتُ إِلاَّ مِنْ مَنازِله
ولاand not الكواكِبُthe stars إِلاَّexcept منamong أَسِرَّتهhis couches
ولا الكواكِبُ إِلاَّ من أَسِرَّته
So the heavens are nothing but some of his dwellings,
The heavens are naught but places where he stepped
and the stars nothing but some of his couches.
The stars naught but maids in his service prepped
ومنand whoever يكنis وَسْطَamid ذاكthat الصُّقْعِregion منزلُهhis dwelling
ومن يكن وَسْطَ ذاك الصُّقْعِ منزلُه
فالبدرُthen the full moon والشَّمسُand the sun خضَّارٌattendants (probable reading) بحضْرَتِهin his presence
فالبدرُ والشَّمسُ خضَّارٌ بحضْرَتِه
Whoever has his dwelling amid that region,
Whoe'er sits midst that cosmos centermost
the full moon and sun are attendants in his presence.
Sun and moon are but greenery by his host
آباؤهhis forefathers الغُرُّthe illustrious لماwhen كانwas مُنتَقِلاًpassing
آباؤه الغُرُّ لما كان مُنتَقِلاً
فيهمamong them رأَوْاthey saw عزَّةَthe glory الدُّنياthe world بِعَّزتِهthrough his glory
فيهم رأَوْا عزَّةَ الدُّنيا بِعَّزتِه
His illustrious forefathers, while he was passing
His ancestry, when he moved on, did see
through them, saw the world’s glory in his glory.
World leadership was granted by his decree
لاno عيبَflaw فيin جُودِهhis generosity المُزْرِيputting to shame بكثْرَتِهthrough its abundance
لا عيبَ في جُودِه المُزْرِي بكثْرَتِه
علىin comparison with الغمائِمthe clouds إّلاَّexcept فرطُthe excess كَثْرَتِهits abundance
على الغمائِم إّلاَّ فرطُ كَثْرَتِه
There is no flaw in his generosity, whose abundance shames
No fault lies in his pouring generosity
the clouds, except the excess of that abundance.
Except its excess rains excessively
يسُّرهdelight him السَّائِلونَthe petitioners القاصِدونthose seeking لهhim
يسُّره السَّائِلونَ القاصِدون له
كأَنَّas though أَفْواهَهمtheir mouths مَسْرىthe channel مسرَّتهhis delight
كأَنَّ أَفْواهَهم مَسْرى مسرَّته
Petitioners coming to him delight him,
Those asking of him are at ease and peace
as though their mouths were the channel of his delight.
As if their mouths were his joy and reprise
قدindeed طالَعُواthey beheld النُّجْحَsuccess لماwhen عَاينُوهthey saw him فَماfor, not
قد طالَعُوا النُّجْحَ لما عَاينُوه فَما
طليعةُthe herald النُّجحِsuccess إِلاَّexcept بِشْرُcheerfulness طَلْعَتِهhis countenance
طليعةُ النُّجحِ إِلاَّ بِشْرُ طَلْعَتِه
They beheld success when they saw him; for nothing
They saw success as they saw his light appear
heralds success but the cheerfulness of his face.
For nothing foretells success like his cheer
لوif لمnot يَنُمَّreveal عليهabout him بِشْرُهhis cheerfulness لغَداwould then go on
لو لم يَنُمَّ عليه بِشْرُه لغَدا
ينِمُّreveals ذاكَthat النَّدىbounty مِنْهfrom him بنفحتِهwith its fragrance
ينِمُّ ذاكَ النَّدى مِنْه بنفحتِه
If his cheerfulness did not reveal him, then
Had not his cheer slept, that dew would awake
that bounty of his would reveal him with its fragrance.
To slumber from his breath that day does break
أَحْياrevived وأَنْشرَand resurrected ميْتَthe dead المجْدِglory مُجْتَهداًstriving
أَحْيا وأَنْشرَ ميْتَ المجْدِ مُجْتَهداً
فيin لَمِّgathering لِمَّتهits locks أَوor رَمِّrepairing رُمَّتِهits decayed bones
في لَمِّ لِمَّته أَو رَمِّ رُمَّتِه
He revived and resurrected dead glory, striving
He revived dead glory, striving with all his might
to gather its locks or mend its crumbling bones.
To gather its pieces or raise its height
لاnot يُكْسَبُis earned المجدُglory إِلاَّexcept منfrom مَكارِمهhis noble deeds
لا يُكْسَبُ المجدُ إِلاَّ من مَكارِمه
ويُقْبَسand is kindled الفضلُexcellence إِلاَّexcept منfrom سَجيَّتهhis innate nature
ويُقْبَس الفضلُ إِلاَّ من سَجيَّته
Glory is earned only from his noble deeds,
Glory cannot be gained but by his dignity
and excellence is kindled only from his innate nature.
Favor cannot be grasped but his civility
فماso, not المكارمُnoble deeds إِلاَّexcept فيضُthe overflow راحَتِهhis palm
فما المكارمُ إِلاَّ فيضُ راحَتِه
ولاand not الفضائِلُvirtues إلاexcept حَشْوُthe filling بُردَتِهhis mantle
ولا الفضائِلُ إلا حَشْوُ بُردَتِه
Noble deeds are but the overflow of his palm,
All nobility is but his easement's yield
and virtues but the filling of his mantle.
All merits but the lining of his field
إِنif امْتطىmounts القلمُthe pen العاليthe lofty أَنامِلهhis fingers
إِن امْتطى القلمُ العالي أَنامِله
يكادُalmost يَبْدوappears جَناهits fruit قَبْلَbefore مَنْبِتِهits sprouting
يكادُ يَبْدو جَناه قَبْلَ مَنْبِتِه
If the lofty pen mounts his fingers,
When the sublime pen his fingers did ride
its fruit almost appears before its sprouting.
His wing appears almost before its side
ماnot أَظهرَmanifested اللهُGod هذاthis الفضلَexcellence فيin بَشَرٍa human being
ما أَظهرَ اللهُ هذا الفضلَ في بَشَرٍ
إِلاَّexcept وأُودعand he was entrusted سِرّاًa secret فيin سَريرَتهhis innermost self
إِلاَّ وأُودع سِرّاً في سَريرَته
God has never manifested such excellence in a human being
God never graced a mortal with such charm
without a secret being entrusted to his innermost self.
Except a secret lay in his soul to safeguard
لاlet not يَعجبmarvel الصَّدُّthe rival منat مَجْديmy glory فإِنَّfor indeed يديmy hand
لا يَعجب الصَّدُّ من مَجْدي فإِنَّ يدي
لمhas not تبتنِbuilt المجدَglory إِلاَّexcept مِنْthrough بُنُوَّتهsonship to him
لم تبتنِ المجدَ إِلاَّ مِنْ بُنُوَّته
Let no rival marvel at my glory, for my hand
My glory astonishes not, for my hand
has built glory only through my sonship to him.
Has built nothing except by his grace I stand
وليقطعand let it cut off الشَّيبُgray hair منfrom فودَيَّmy two temples مَطْمَعهits hope
وليقطع الشَّيبُ من فودَيَّ مَطْمَعه
فإِنَّنيfor indeed I مُستَقِرُّsettled وسْطamid جَنَّتِهhis garden
فإِنَّني مُستَقِرُّ وسْط جَنَّتِه
Let gray hair give up its designs upon my temples,
Let the gray hair cease its hopes in my locks
for I am settled in the midst of his garden.
For I rest assured midst his guard and flocks
أَصبحتُI have become أَخْتالُI strut فيin حَاليmy fortune ونُضْرتهاand its bloom
أَصبحتُ أَخْتالُ في حَالي ونُضْرتها
بهthrough him وأَرْتَعُand I graze freely فيin عَيْشِيmy life وخُضْرَتهand its greenness
به وأَرْتَعُ في عَيْشِي وخُضْرَته
I now strut in my fortune and its bloom,
With him I rose and my state turned fresh and sound
thanks to him, and graze in my life and its verdure.
And I frolicked in my life and hurled around
وأَسعدُand the happiest الناسِpeople منone who لاقىfound بلاwithout تَعَبٍtoil
وأَسعدُ الناسِ من لاقى بلا تَعَبٍ
مَبْداthe beginning السعادةِhappiness فيat مَبْداthe beginning شِبيبَتِهhis youth
مَبْدا السعادةِ في مَبْدا شِبيبَتِه
And the happiest of people is one who finds, without toil,
Happiest of men I met with no toil at all
the beginning of happiness at the beginning of his youth.
Bliss's source at the start of my youth's call
إِنِّindeed تنَّمتُI luxuriated (probable reading) منfrom كَفَّيهhis two palms فيin نِعَمٍblessings
إِنِّ تنَّمتُ من كَفَّيه في نِعَمٍ
حتىuntil سَئِمتُI grew weary ولاbut not كفْراًout of ingratitude لِنِعْمَتِهfor his favor
حتى سَئِمتُ ولا كفْراً لِنِعْمَتِه
Indeed, I have luxuriated in blessings from both his palms,
Were I to slumber from his palms in bounty
until I wearied—but not out of ingratitude for his favor.
I'd be sated, not denying his plenty
Sol 6.1