غريميmy debtor ولكنهbut he is الماطلُthe procrastinating debtor
غريمي ولكنه الماطلُ
حبيبيmy beloved ولكنَّهbut he is القاتلُthe slayer
حبيبي ولكنَّه القاتلُ
My debtor, yet he keeps delaying payment;
my beloved, yet he is my slayer.
أَرىI see قاتليmy slayer غُصُناًa branch ناضراًverdant
أَرى قاتلي غُصُناً ناضراً
ولكنbut لهhe has مَرشفٌlips ذابلwithered
ولكن له مَرشفٌ ذابل
I see my slayer as a verdant branch,
yet his lips are withered.
وظَبْيand a gazelle حبائلُهُhis snares شَعْرُهhis hair
وظَبْي حبائلُهُ شَعْرُه
فمِنْهso from him لهfor him الصَّيدُthe quarry والحابِلُand the trapper
فمِنْه له الصَّيدُ والحابِلُ
And a gazelle whose snares are his hair:
from himself he has both quarry and trapper.
ففيfor in خِدرِهhis curtained chamber جؤْذُرٌa young oryx كَانِسٌsheltering in its covert
ففي خِدرِه جؤْذُرٌ كَانِسٌ
وفيand in سَرْجِهhis saddle أَسَدٌa lion باسِلُvaliant
وفي سَرْجِه أَسَدٌ باسِلُ
In his curtained chamber, a young oryx shelters;
and in his saddle, a valiant lion.
وفيand in قلبهhis heart مَلِكٌa king جائرْtyrannical
وفي قلبه مَلِكٌ جائرْ
وفيand around خِصْرِهhis waist خَاتَمٌa ring جَائِلُturning loosely
وفي خِصْرِه خَاتَمٌ جَائِلُ
And in his heart, a tyrannical king;
and around his waist, a ring turns loosely.
ومِنْand from خَمرِهhis wine أَوor فَمِنelse from ثَغْرِهhis mouth
ومِنْ خَمرِه أَو فَمِن ثَغْرِه
يقالit is said لناظِرهof his eye بابلُBabylon
يقال لناظِره بابلُ
From his wine—or else from his mouth—
his eye is called Babylon.
قريبٌnear علىdespite أَنهhis being نازحٌfar away
قريبٌ على أَنه نازحٌ
وحالٍand adorned علىdespite أَنَّهhis being عَاطِلُunadorned
وحالٍ على أَنَّه عَاطِلُ
Near, despite his being far away;
and adorned, despite being unadorned.
إِذاwhen فاضَoverflows منهfrom him مكانُthe seat of الجمالbeauty
إِذا فاضَ منه مكانُ الجمال
فكلُّthen every مكانٍplace لهto it قَابِلُreceptive
فكلُّ مكانٍ له قَابِلُ
When the seat of beauty in him overflows,
every part of him is receptive to it.
وكَمand how often بذَلhe bestowed الصَّدَّrejection منout of بُخْلِهhis stinginess
وكَم بذَل الصَّدَّ من بُخْلِه
ومنand among عَجبٍwonders باذلٌa giver بَاخلُa miser
ومن عَجبٍ باذلٌ بَاخلُ
How often, from stinginess, he has bestowed rejection!
And what a wonder: a giver who is a miser!
توهَّمتُI imagined أَنِّيَthat I was لاnot عاشقٌa lover
توهَّمتُ أَنِّيَ لا عاشقٌ
لأَنِّيَbecause I ماnot فيهconcerning him ليfor me عَاذِلa reproacher
لأَنِّيَ ما فيه لي عَاذِل
I imagined I was not a lover,
because no one reproaches me for loving him.
بهthrough him كدتُI nearly أُنْقَلwas turned away عنfrom شِيمتيmy nature
به كدتُ أُنْقَل عن شِيمتي
وقدand perhaps يَقهرُoverpowers الشيمةَone's nature النَّاقِلُthe agent of change
وقد يَقهرُ الشيمةَ النَّاقِلُ
Through him I almost strayed from my nature,
and an agent of change may overpower one's nature.
لمثلكfor one like you زلَّتhave slipped عقولُthe minds of الرِّجالِmen
لمثلك زلَّت عقولُ الرِّجالِ
ولكنَّنِيbut I عَاشِقٌa lover عَاقِلrational
ولكنَّنِي عَاشِقٌ عَاقِل
For one like you, men's minds have slipped,
but I am a lover who keeps his reason.
فلاso do not تنهرrebuke الصبَّthe lovesick one ظُلْماًunjustly لهtoward him
فلا تنهر الصبَّ ظُلْماً له
فإِنfor indeed العِذارَthe cheek-down هوitself السائلthe petitioner
فإِن العِذارَ هو السائل
So do not unjustly rebuke the lovesick man,
for the cheek-down itself is the petitioner.
وحقِّby the sanctity of الهوىlove إِنَّindeed أَهلَthe people of الْهَوَىlove
وحقِّ الهوى إِنَّ أَهلَ الْهَوَى
لهمthey have بالهوىin love شُغُلٌan occupation شَاغِلُall-consuming
لهم بالهوى شُغُلٌ شَاغِلُ
By the sanctity of love, the people of love
are wholly absorbed in love.
تُعينهُمُhelp them فيin الهوىlove أَعْيُنٌeyes
تُعينهُمُ في الهوى أَعْيُنٌ
وينصرُهمand aids them رشَأٌa young gazelle خَاذِلُforsaking
وينصرُهم رشَأٌ خَاذِلُ
Eyes help them in love,
and a fawn who forsakes them comes to their aid.
ولوand if ظَفِرواthey attained بالَّذيthat which نِلْتُهI attained it
ولو ظَفِروا بالَّذي نِلْتُه
لأَسلاَهُمُwould have consoled them ذلكَthat النَّائِلُbounty
لأَسلاَهُمُ ذلكَ النَّائِلُ
Had they attained what I attained,
that bounty would have consoled them.
نوالٌa bounty أَتانيcame to me كمثلlike الأَتِّيa rushing flood
نوالٌ أَتاني كمثل الأَتِّي
يراضُis made green بهby it البلدُthe land الماحِلdrought-stricken
يراضُ به البلدُ الماحِل
A bounty came to me like a rushing flood,
by which the drought-stricken land is made green.
سَرىit journeyed by night والسَّماحُand generosity لهfor it سابقٌgoing ahead
سَرى والسَّماحُ له سابقٌ
وظهرُand the back of السحابِthe clouds لهfor it حَامِلُa bearer
وظهرُ السحابِ له حَامِلُ
It journeyed by night, generosity going before it,
and the clouds bore it on their backs.
فروَّىso it watered وروَّضand made a meadow of وادِيthe valley of المُنىwishes
فروَّى وروَّض وادِي المُنى
ونالَand attained بهthrough it الأَملَhope الآملُthe hopeful one
ونالَ به الأَملَ الآملُ
It watered the valley of wishes and made it a meadow,
and through it the hopeful attained their hope.
ذُهلتُI was astounded بمعجزِby the marvel of ذَاكthat النَّوالِbounty
ذُهلتُ بمعجزِ ذَاك النَّوالِ
وفيand at مِثلهits like يَذْهَلُis astounded الذَّاهِلُthe astonished one
وفي مِثله يَذْهَلُ الذَّاهِلُ
I was astounded by the marvel of that bounty,
and at its like the astonished stand astonished.
ومَنهلِand a wellspring of بِرٍّkindness أَتَىcame نَاهِلاًas a drinker
ومَنهلِ بِرٍّ أَتَى نَاهِلاً
ويَأْتِيand comes إِلىto الْمنْهلِthe wellspring النَّاهِلُthe drinker
ويَأْتِي إِلى الْمنْهلِ النَّاهِلُ
And by a wellspring of kindness that came as a drinker,
yet it is the drinker who comes to the wellspring.
وإِنand if قلتُI say أَعرفُI know وصفاًa description لهof it
وإِن قلتُ أَعرفُ وصفاً له
دَلَلْتُI have pointed عَلَىto أَنَّنِيmy being جَاهِلُignorant
دَلَلْتُ عَلَى أَنَّنِي جَاهِلُ
And if I say I know how to describe it,
I prove that I am ignorant.
حَبانيfavored me بهwith it ملكٌa king جُودُهhis generosity
حَباني به ملكٌ جُودُه
جديدٌever fresh كماjust as طَوْلَهhis bounty طَائلvast
جديدٌ كما طَوْلَه طَائل
A king favored me with it; his generosity
is ever fresh, just as his bounty is vast.
هوhe is الطَّاهرthe pure الظاهرُmanifest in المْكرُماnoble deeds (continued)
هو الطَّاهر الظاهرُ المْكرُما
تِcompletion of 'noble deeds' والأَروعُand the majestic العالِمُthe learned الْعامِلُthe doer
تِ والأَروعُ العالِمُ الْعامِلُ
He is pure, with manifest noble
deeds; majestic, learned, and a man of action.
مكارمُهُhis noble deeds ماnot لهاfor them غَايَةٌa limit
مكارمُهُ ما لها غَايَةٌ
ولُجَّتُهand his deep sea ماnot لَهاfor it سَاحِلa shore
ولُجَّتُه ما لَها سَاحِل
His noble deeds have no limit,
and his deep sea has no shore.
منارُthe beacon of السَّماحِgenerosity بهthrough him قَائِمٌstanding
منارُ السَّماحِ به قَائِمٌ
وربعُand the dwelling of العَلاءِglory بهthrough him آهِلُinhabited
وربعُ العَلاءِ به آهِلُ
Through him the beacon of generosity stands,
and through him glory's dwelling is inhabited.
تجيءُcome الملوكُthe kings إِلىto بابِهhis door
تجيءُ الملوكُ إِلى بابِه
لِيَغْمُرَهُمْso that it may engulf them جُودُهhis generosity الشامِلُall-embracing
لِيَغْمُرَهُمْ جُودُه الشامِلُ
Kings come to his door
so that his all-embracing generosity may engulf them.
علىat البابthe door أَشرفُهمtheir noblest واقفاًstanding
على الباب أَشرفُهم واقفاً
ومَنْand who ذَاthat one الَّذِيwho منهمُamong them الدَّاخلthe entrant
ومَنْ ذَا الَّذِي منهمُ الدَّاخل
At the door their noblest stands,
and who among them is admitted?
وإِنand if دَخَلواthey enter صَمَتواthey fall silent خُشُّعاًhumbly
وإِن دَخَلوا صَمَتوا خُشُّعاً
لأَنbecause المَقامَthe presence لهمto them هَائِلُawe-inspiring
لأَن المَقامَ لهم هَائِلُ
And if they enter, they fall silent in humility,
for the presence fills them with awe.
يعمُّهمُencompasses them حلمُهhis forbearance المطمئنُّserene
يعمُّهمُ حلمُه المطمئنُّ
ويشملُهمand embraces them بِرُّهُhis kindness العاجِلُswift
ويشملُهم بِرُّهُ العاجِلُ
His serene forbearance encompasses them,
and his swift kindness embraces them.
ويَخْفِضُهمand lowers them أَنَّهمthat they are كالمُضافِlike a dependent noun
ويَخْفِضُهم أَنَّهم كالمُضافِ
ويرفَعُهمand raises them أَنَّهthat he is الفاعِلُthe agent (grammatical subject)
ويرفَعُهم أَنَّه الفاعِلُ
Their being like dependent nouns brings them low,
and his being the agent raises them.
وأَعداؤُهand his enemies كلُّهمall of them ناكبٌturning aside
وأَعداؤُه كلُّهم ناكبٌ
عَنِfrom الرُّشْدright guidance بلrather كلُّمall of them ناكِلُrecoiling
عَنِ الرُّشْد بل كلُّم ناكِلُ
And all his enemies turn aside
from right guidance—rather, every one recoils.
فأَوقدُهمso their fieriest عِندهbefore him خامِدٌextinguished
فأَوقدُهم عِنده خامِدٌ
وأَنبهُهمand their most renowned عندَهbeside him خَامِلُobscure
وأَنبهُهم عندَه خَامِلُ
Their fieriest is quenched before him,
and their most renowned is obscure beside him.
أَبادَهُمُannihilated them بأْسُهhis might المستطيلُoverwhelming
أَبادَهُمُ بأْسُه المستطيلُ
وأَهلَكهمand destroyed them سيْفُهhis sword الفاصِلُcleaving
وأَهلَكهم سيْفُه الفاصِلُ
His overwhelming might annihilated them,
and his cleaving sword destroyed them.
لكyours is السَّيْفُthe sword إِنif شِيمis sighted بَرْقٌlightning لَهbelonging to it
لك السَّيْفُ إِن شِيم بَرْقٌ لَه
فللموتِthen to death belongs عارِضُهits raincloud الهاطِلُpouring down
فللموتِ عارِضُه الهاطِلُ
Yours is the sword: if its lightning is sighted,
its pouring raincloud belongs to death.
بهby it الحَقُّtruth حُقَّwas established كماjust as أَنَّهthat it
به الحَقُّ حُقَّ كما أَنَّه
بحَدَّيهِby its two edges قدindeed أُبْطِلَwas nullified البَاطِلُfalsehood
بحَدَّيهِ قد أُبْطِلَ البَاطِلُ
By it truth was established, just as
falsehood was undone by its two edges.
إِذاwhen مَلِكٌa king جارacts unjustly فيin حُكْمِهhis judgment
إِذا مَلِكٌ جار في حُكْمِه
فسيفُكthen your sword فيupon رأْسِهhis head عادِلُjust
فسيفُك في رأْسِه عادِلُ
When a king is unjust in his judgment,
your sword deals justice upon his head.
وليسand there is not لهfor him نَفَسٌa breath حَاضِرٌpresent
وليس له نَفَسٌ حَاضِرٌ
وليسand there is not لهfor him أَجَلٌan appointed end آجلdeferred
وليس له أَجَلٌ آجل
No breath remains to him now,
nor is his appointed end delayed.
إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle نَزَلْتَyou descend علىupon ناكِثٍan oath-breaker
إِذا ما نَزَلْتَ على ناكِثٍ
فكلُّthen every بلاءaffliction بهupon him نازلdescending
فكلُّ بلاء به نازل
When you descend upon an oath-breaker,
every affliction descends upon him.
وإماand if عطفتyou turn kindly علىtoward مجتدa seeker of bounty
وإما عطفت على مجتد
فكلthen every رجاءٍhope لهof his حَاصِلُfulfilled
فكل رجاءٍ له حَاصِلُ
And if you turn kindly toward a seeker of bounty,
his every hope is fulfilled.
لفَظْتُI spat out ملوكَthe kings of الوَرىmankind بعدهafter him
لفَظْتُ ملوكَ الوَرى بعده
كماas لفظspat out اللقمةthe morsel الآكلthe eater
كما لفظ اللقمة الآكل
After him, I spat out the kings of mankind,
as a diner spits out a morsel.
وإنيand indeed I شغلتhave been absorbed بهin him عنهمaway from them
وإني شغلت به عنهم
فماso not أَنَاI عنهمْabout them بهbecause of him سائِلُasking
فما أَنَا عنهمْ به سائِلُ
I am so absorbed in him that I turn from them,
so, because of him, I do not ask after them.
ولوand if جاءَنيcame to me أَمرُهُhis command بالمسيرِto set out
ولو جاءَني أَمرُهُ بالمسيرِ
لسرْتُI would set out ولوeven if أَنَّنِيI were رَاجِلon foot
لسرْتُ ولو أَنَّنِي رَاجِل
Should his command to set out reach me,
I would go, even on foot.
وماand not أَناI منof أَمَليmy hope آيِسٌdespairing
وما أَنا من أَمَلي آيِسٌ
فكيفَthen how وإِنعامُهand his beneficence كَافِلa guarantor
فكيفَ وإِنعامُه كَافِل
And I do not despair of my hope;
how could I, when his beneficence guarantees it?
وماand as long as عشتُI live مَدْحيmy praise لهof him وَافْدٌa visitor
وما عشتُ مَدْحي له وَافْدٌ
عليهto him وحمْدِيand my gratitude لهto him واصِلarriving
عليه وحمْدِي له واصِل
As long as I live, my praise of him will be a visitor
to him, and my thanks to him will arrive.
وماand not أَناI عنfrom شُكْرِهthanking him ساكِتٌsilent
وما أَنا عن شُكْرِه ساكِتٌ
ولاnor أَنَاI عنof ذِكرِهremembering him غَافِلheedless
ولا أَنَا عن ذِكرِه غَافِل
I will not be silent in thanking him,
nor heedless of remembering him.
بقيتَmay you endure وبدرُكand your full moon لاnot غارِبٌsetting
بقيتَ وبدرُك لا غارِبٌ
وعِشْتَand may you live ونَجمُكand your star لاnot آفِلُsetting
وعِشْتَ ونَجمُك لا آفِلُ
May you endure, your full moon never setting,
and live on, your star never fading.
Sol 6.1