بأَيَّby what مَهُوْلٍterror فيin الزَّمانِtime أُهَالُam I frightened
بأَيَّ مَهُوْلٍ في الزَّمانِ أُهَالُ
وليand I have منfrom أَميرِthe Commander المؤمنينَof the Faithful مَآلُa refuge
ولي من أَميرِ المؤمنينَ مَآلُ
What terror in time could frighten me,
when I have refuge with the Commander of the Faithful?
حِمىًa sanctuary كلُّeveryone منwho لمnot يحمهِhe protects him فهوthen he is مسلِمٌforsaken
حِمىً كلُّ من لم يحمهِ فهو مسلِمٌ
وكلُّand every علاءٍheight ماthat خلاهُis apart from him سَفَالُlowliness
وكلُّ علاءٍ ما خلاهُ سَفَالُ
A sanctuary: whoever lacks his protection is forsaken,
and every height apart from him is low.
لَعَمريby my life لجارٌsurely a protector منfrom لؤيLu'ayy بنson of غالبGhalib
لَعَمري لجارٌ من لؤي بن غالب
لهto him الخَلقُall creatures طراًaltogether والأنامُand humankind عِيالُdependents
له الخَلقُ طراً والأنامُ عِيالُ
By my life, a protector from Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib,
to whom all creatures, all mankind, are dependents,
أَبرُّmore beneficent منthan المستأثرينَthose keeping exclusively بزادهِمtheir provisions to themselves
أَبرُّ من المستأثرينَ بزادهِم
لهمfor them حالةٌone condition وللمؤاكلِand for the tablemate حالُanother condition
لهم حالةٌ وللمؤاكلِ حالُ
is kinder than those who hoard their provisions,
whose lot is one thing, their tablemate's another.
جلاdispelled البؤسَmisery والضراءَand affliction عناfrom us كماjust as جلاbrightened
جلا البؤسَ والضراءَ عنا كما جلا
حديدةَthe steel ماضيkeen الشفرتينon both edges صِقالُpolishing
حديدةَ ماضي الشفرتين صِقالُ
He dispelled our misery and distress, as polishing brightens
the steel of a blade keen on both edges.
فلاso let not يحسَبsuppose الأعداءُthe enemies أَنَّthat ديونَنَاour claims
فلا يحسَب الأعداءُ أَنَّ ديونَنَا
لُوينَhave been deferred وأَنَّand that المقْتَضِينَthe collectors عِجَالُhasty
لُوينَ وأَنَّ المقْتَضِينَ عِجَالُ
Let not our enemies suppose that our claims
are being deferred, or that those who exact them are hasty.
لهمtheirs was يومَthe day لُذناwe sought refuge بالخليفةِwith the caliph منهمfrom them
لهم يومَ لُذنا بالخليفةِ منهم
ويومٌand a day عليهمagainst them بالصليقِat al-Saliq طُوالُvery long
ويومٌ عليهم بالصليقِ طُوالُ
Theirs was the day we sought refuge from them with the caliph;
and against them, at al-Saliq, is a very long day.
كذاكَsuch are صُروفُthe reversals الدَّهْرِof time فيناamong us وفيهمand among them
كذاكَ صُروفُ الدَّهْرِ فينا وفيهم
يُدالونَthey are given victory مناover us مرةًat one time ونُدَالُand we are given victory
يُدالونَ منا مرةً ونُدَالُ
Such are time's reversals among us and them:
at times they prevail over us, and we prevail in turn.
حَرَامٌforbidden عليناto us أَنْthat يلائمَshould suit مضجِعٌa bed
حَرَامٌ علينا أَنْ يلائمَ مضجِعٌ
لناfor us سِنَةdrowsiness أَوor أَنْthat يسوغَgo down easily ذَلالُsweet water
لنا سِنَة أَو أَنْ يسوغَ ذَلالُ
It is forbidden us that a bed should bring
us drowsiness, or sweet water go easily down,
ولمand not yet تروَdrink their fill صَدقَاتُstout الكعوبِin the joints كأَنماas though
ولم تروَ صَدقَاتُ الكعوبِ كأَنما
براهنَّwore them thin منfrom حُبِّlove الدماءِof blood سُلالُa wasting disease
براهنَّ من حُبِّ الدماءِ سُلالُ
while the stout-jointed spears have not drunk their fill, as though
a wasting sickness born of love for blood had worn them thin.
الىuntil كمhow long علىin a state of حِذْرٍwariness أُراوغُI dodge حاذراًbeing wary
الى كم على حِذْرٍ أُراوغُ حاذراً
نزالِcome to battle! اذاwhen لمnot يغنِavail عنكَyou نِزَالُcombat
نزالِ اذا لم يغنِ عنكَ نِزَالُ
How long must I dodge warily, on my guard?
To battle—even when battle cannot save you!
تقولsays ابنةُthe daughter السعديof al-Sa'di وهيwhile she is كئيبةٌsorrowful
تقول ابنةُ السعدي وهي كئيبةٌ
أَمالكhave you no الاَّexcept صدرُthe forepart سيفِكَof your sword مَالُwealth
أَمالك الاَّ صدرُ سيفِكَ مَالُ
Al-Sa'di's daughter says in sorrow,
'Have you no wealth but the forepart of your sword?
اذاwhen كانَthere is يومٌa day ذوfull of قَتامٍbattle-dust وَهَبْوَةٍand swirling haze
اذا كانَ يومٌ ذو قَتامٍ وَهَبْوَةٍ
فأنتِthen you are بهin it للمستضيءِfor one seeking light ذُبَالُlamp-wicks
فأنتِ به للمستضيءِ ذُبَالُ
When a day is thick with dust and swirling haze,
you are then a wick for anyone seeking light.'
رُيدكtake your time أوor تنحاشَwill recoil عنهfrom it صَفاتُهits hard rock
رُيدك أو تنحاشَ عنه صَفاتُه
كماjust as انحاشَfled عنfrom فيضthe surge الأَتيof the torrent جُفَالُfloating debris
كما انحاشَ عن فيض الأَتي جُفَالُ
Gently—or its hard rock will recoil from it,
as flotsam fled from a torrent's surge.
ألمdid you not تعلميknow أَنيthat I am بقيةُthe remnant أُسرةٍof a family
ألم تعلمي أَني بقيةُ أُسرةٍ
بطفلهمin their infant الحابيcrawling نَدىًgenerosity وقتَالُand fighting spirit
بطفلهم الحابي نَدىً وقتَالُ
Did you not know that I am the remnant of a family
whose crawling infant has generosity and fighting spirit?
أَبواthey refused أَنْto يَبيعواsell فاقةَthe poverty العزِّof honor بالغِنىfor wealth
أَبوا أَنْ يَبيعوا فاقةَ العزِّ بالغِنى
وفيand in سعيِهمtheir striving حذوٌa pattern لناfor us ومثَالُand an example
وفي سعيِهم حذوٌ لنا ومثَالُ
They refused to trade honorable poverty for wealth;
their striving gives us a pattern and example.
تبدَّلْتُI took in exchange منinstead of بسلِBasl بنِson of ضبةِDabba هاشماًHashim
تبدَّلْتُ من بسلِ بنِ ضبةِ هاشماً
وأَينand where is منcompared with السمرِthe acacias الطوالِthe tall الآلُthe mirage
وأَين من السمرِ الطوالِ الآلُ
I have taken Hashim in place of Basl ibn Dabba;
how can a mirage compare with tall acacias?
وفيand at الصبحِdawn عنapart from وارىِthe flame زنادهمof their firesticks غِنىًsufficiency
وفي الصبحِ عن وارىِ زنادهم غِنىً
وفيand at الليلِnight عماapart from what يَعمُدونthey prop up ظِلالُshade
وفي الليلِ عما يَعمُدون ظِلالُ
At dawn there is no need of their firesticks' flame,
and at night there is shade apart from what they raise.
بحيثُwhere الندىgenerosity تحدوdrives هُنيدةَa hundred camels والقِرىand hospitality
بحيثُ الندى تحدو هُنيدةَ والقِرى
يكبُّfells المَتَالىmother camels والمَقَالُand speech فعَالُis action
يكبُّ المَتَالى والمَقَالُ فعَالُ
There, generosity drives a hundred camels, and hospitality
fells mother camels, and speech is action.
ولماand when وردتُI came to water الغَمرَthe deep flood منof نَفَحَاتِهمtheir bounties
ولما وردتُ الغَمرَ من نَفَحَاتِهم
رَويتُI drank my fill وبلتنيand drenched me هناكَthere بِلالُrefreshing waters
رَويتُ وبلتني هناكَ بِلالُ
When I came to the deep waters of their bounty,
I drank my fill, and refreshing waters drenched me there,
علىat حينa time لمnot يُرَعwas honored الذمامُthe covenant وقُطِّعَتْand were cut
على حين لم يُرَع الذمامُ وقُطِّعَتْ
رماماًinto shreds بأَيديby the hands الماسكينَof the holders حبَالُcords
رماماً بأَيدي الماسكينَ حبَالُ
when covenants went unhonored, and cords were cut
to shreds by the very hands that held them.
أَمرَّbound tightly عَقدَthe bond الجوارِof protection مَعَاشِرٌa people
أَمرَّ عَقدَ الجوارِ مَعَاشِرٌ
تَرَىyou see جَارَهمtheir protected neighbor كالنَّجمِlike a star ليسَnot يُنَالُreachable
تَرَى جَارَهم كالنَّجمِ ليسَ يُنَالُ
A people bound the covenant of protection fast,
whose protected neighbor, like a star, cannot be reached.
لناwe have خُلُقٌa manner فيهمamong them جريءٌbold عليهُمُtoward them
لنا خُلُقٌ فيهم جريءٌ عليهُمُ
تَخَالُyou suppose بهin it الأدلالَpresumption وهوَbut it is دَلاَلُfond familiarity
تَخَالُ به الأدلالَ وهوَ دَلاَلُ
With them, our manner is bold toward them;
you would think it presumption, but it is affectionate freedom.
مَعَاريضُaverse عنto لَهْوِthe frivolity الحَدِيثِof conversation وَلَغْوِهِand its empty talk
مَعَاريضُ عن لَهْوِ الحَدِيثِ وَلَغْوِهِ
اذاwhen قيلَit is said قولواspeak! أَقْصَرواthey are brief وأطَالُواand speak at length
اذا قيلَ قولوا أَقْصَروا وأطَالُوا
Averse to frivolous conversation and empty talk,
when told, 'Speak,' they speak briefly, yet at length.
وفيهمand in them حياءٌmodesty لاnot يضامُis affronted وجُرأةُand courage
وفيهم حياءٌ لا يضامُ وجُرأةُ
وشحٌand jealous care علىfor أَعراضِهمtheir honor وَنَوالُand generosity
وشحٌ على أَعراضِهم وَنَوالُ
In them is modesty that suffers no affront, and courage,
jealous care for their honor, and generosity.
ملوكٌkings لهمfor whom طولُprolonged السُّجُودِprostration تَحِيَّةٌis a greeting
ملوكٌ لهم طولُ السُّجُودِ تَحِيَّةٌ
وطولُand prolonged التَّصَدِّيpresenting oneself للسُّؤالِto petition سُؤالُis a petition
وطولُ التَّصَدِّي للسُّؤالِ سُؤالُ
Kings for whom prolonged prostration is a greeting,
and lingering before them to petition is itself a petition.
تَرىyou see ولداًa son فيin الملكِsovereignty يخلفsucceeding والداًa father
تَرى ولداً في الملكِ يخلف والداً
كماas خلفَsucceeded البدرَthe full moon المنيرَthe shining هِلالُa crescent
كما خلفَ البدرَ المنيرَ هِلالُ
You see a son succeed a father in kingship,
as a crescent succeeds the shining full moon.
اليكto you أَميرَCommander المؤمنينَof the Faithful فانهfor it is
اليك أَميرَ المؤمنينَ فانه
ضَلالerror لمنfor whoever يرجوhopes in سِواكَanyone but you ضَلالُutter error
ضَلال لمن يرجو سِواكَ ضَلالُ
To you, Commander of the Faithful—for it is
error, sheer error, to hope in anyone but you—
قوافrhymes بأعجازِto the hindquarters المطيِof riding camels عوالقٌclinging
قواف بأعجازِ المطيِ عوالقٌ
تَخِفُّare light علىfor الراويthe reciter وهنَّthough they are ثِقَالُweighty
تَخِفُّ على الراوي وهنَّ ثِقَالُ
come rhymes clinging to the riding camels' hindquarters,
light for the reciter, though they are weighty.
ينامُsleep العِدىthe enemies عنheedless of دائِبٍone tireless مُتَقَلقِلٍrestlessly moving
ينامُ العِدى عن دائِبٍ مُتَقَلقِلٍ
لهمthey have فترةٌa slackening عنfrom سيرهِhis march وكَلالُand exhaustion
لهم فترةٌ عن سيرهِ وكَلالُ
The foes sleep, heedless of one tireless and restless;
they falter and tire of keeping pace with him.
أَعدَّhe prepared لهمfor them فيماamong what أعدَّhe prepared منof الأذىharm
أَعدَّ لهم فيما أعدَّ من الأذى
عطائفَcurved bows نبعٍof nab'-wood لحمهنَّtheir flesh نِبَالُarrows
عطائفَ نبعٍ لحمهنَّ نِبَالُ
Among the harms he has prepared, he has readied for them
curved bows of nab'-wood, whose flesh is arrows.
يَردنَthey reach water وأطرافُwhile the tips الرماحِof spears حوائمٌcircle thirstily
يَردنَ وأطرافُ الرماحِ حوائمٌ
وهنَّthough they are قِصارٌshort والرماحُand the spears طِوالُlong
وهنَّ قِصارٌ والرماحُ طِوالُ
They reach water while spearpoints circle thirstily,
though they are short and the spears are long.
لهمfor them انif أَساءواthey do wrong فيin اكتتابكَyour name's inscription طَيرةٌan ill omen
لهم ان أَساءوا في اكتتابكَ طَيرةٌ
وفيand in اسمكَyour name انْif عاذواthey seek refuge بعفوكَin your pardon فَالُa good omen
وفي اسمكَ انْ عاذوا بعفوكَ فَالُ
If they offend, your written name is an ill omen for them;
your name is a good omen if they seek refuge in your pardon.
كريمٌgenerous علىdespite العلاتِall adversities فيin الفقرpoverty والغنىand wealth
كريمٌ على العلاتِ في الفقر والغنى
عطيتُهhis giving للمكرماتِfor noble deeds كَمَالُperfection
عطيتُه للمكرماتِ كَمَالُ
Generous in every circumstance, in poverty and wealth,
his giving is the perfection of noble deeds.
يُحَبُّhe is loved ويُخشىand feared وهوwhile he is طلقٌopen-faced مؤسَّلٌsharp-featured
يُحَبُّ ويُخشى وهو طلقٌ مؤسَّلٌ
شَتيمٌstern عليهupon him هيبةٌawe وجَمَالُand beauty
شَتيمٌ عليه هيبةٌ وجَمَالُ
He is loved and feared, open-faced and sharp-featured,
stern, bearing both awe and beauty.
تواضعَhe humbled himself فيfor ذاتِthe sake الالهِof God وانماbut in truth
تواضعَ في ذاتِ الالهِ وانما
تواضعهhis humility عنfrom ذىthe Lord of الجلالِMajesty جَلالُis majesty
تواضعه عن ذى الجلالِ جَلالُ
He humbled himself for God's sake; yet
his humility, from the Lord of Majesty, is majesty.
ففيfor in كلevery فضلٍexcellence كانwas أَوor هوit كائنٌcoming to be
ففي كل فضلٍ كان أَو هو كائنٌ
سِوىexcept فضلهِhis excellence للعالمينَfor all people جِدَالُdispute
سِوى فضلهِ للعالمينَ جِدَالُ
In every excellence that has been or will be,
except his own, the world's people find room for dispute.
معwith الدينِthe faith أَنتمyou are ياO بنيsons عمِّof the uncle أَحمَدٍof Ahmad
مع الدينِ أَنتم يا بني عمِّ أَحمَدٍ
فليسso there is no لكمfor you حتىuntil يزولit passes away زوالُpassing away
فليس لكم حتى يزول زوالُ
You are with the faith, O sons of Ahmad's uncle;
you will not pass away until it does.
فانand if تكthere has دارتturned للعدوfor the enemy عليكمagainst you
فان تك دارت للعدو عليكم
رَحىa mill أنتمyou are قُطْبٌa pivot لهاfor it وثِقَالُand heavy stones
رَحى أنتم قُطْبٌ لها وثِقَالُ
Though there has turned for the enemy against you
a mill, you are its pivot and its heavy stones.
فكمand how many منof جبالٍmountains قدindeed علاascended شَعفاتَهاtheir peaks
فكم من جبالٍ قد علا شَعفاتَها
رجالٌmen فزالواthen they vanished والجبالُwhile the mountains جِبَالُmountains
رجالٌ فزالوا والجبالُ جِبَالُ
How many mountains have had their summits climbed
by men who vanished, while the mountains remained mountains.
أَرىI see أيدياًhands كانتthat were يداًone hand فتفرقتْand then split apart
أَرى أيدياً كانت يداً فتفرقتْ
فياoh, then لكfor you فَتْحاًa victory لوif only يكونُthere were رِجَالُmen
فيا لك فَتْحاً لو يكونُ رِجَالُ
I see hands that once were one hand, now scattered;
what a victory there could be, if only there were men!
يُحرِّمُforbids ختلانَstealthy snatches الرقادِof sleep عليهمto them
يُحرِّمُ ختلانَ الرقادِ عليهم
فتىًa youth لاnot يرىconsiders أنَّthat الرقادَsleep حَلالُlawful
فتىً لا يرى أنَّ الرقادَ حَلالُ
He denies them even sleep snatched by stealth—
a youth who does not consider sleep lawful.
سوابقُthoroughbreds عنfrom حَرِّthe heat الطِّعَانِof lance-combat وبَردِهِand its cold
سوابقُ عن حَرِّ الطِّعَانِ وبَردِهِ
تُصانُare protected وفيand in خَضْلِthe sweat الرِّهانِof racing تُذَالُare worn down
تُصانُ وفي خَضْلِ الرِّهانِ تُذَالُ
Thoroughbreds, from the heat and cold of lance-thrusts,
are sheltered, yet worn down in the sweat of racing.
أَغَضٌis there a lowering بأَبصارِof the eyes الفوارسِof the horsemen أَمor عَمىblindness
أَغَضٌ بأَبصارِ الفوارسِ أَم عَمى
أَمor الوعدُthe promise منهمfrom them والوعيدُand the threat مِطالُprocrastination
أَم الوعدُ منهم والوعيدُ مِطالُ
Are the horsemen's eyes lowered, or is it blindness?
Or are their promises and threats mere procrastination?
فمنwho then مبلغٌwill convey word حيرانَto a bewildered man يعتسفُblundering through الدُّجىthe darkness
فمن مبلغٌ حيرانَ يعتسفُ الدُّجى
وأَطرُand the rims الربىof the hills واللاذعاتُand stinging things نِعالُare sandals
وأَطرُ الربى واللاذعاتُ نِعالُ
Who will carry word to a bewildered man blundering through darkness,
with hill-rims and stinging things for sandals?
ثَنىbent يومَon the day واديof the valley السُّوسِal-Sus عاملُthe upper shaft رمِحهof his spear
ثَنى يومَ وادي السُّوسِ عاملُ رمِحه
وماand did not نابَavail عنهُhim ماas much as ينوبُwould avail خِلالُa toothpick
وما نابَ عنهُ ما ينوبُ خِلالُ
On the day at Wadi al-Sus, his spear's upper shaft bent;
it did not serve him even as well as a toothpick.
أَبىrefused وُدُّthe love قَومٍof some people أَنto يَغيضَrun dry معينُهits spring
أَبى وُدُّ قَومٍ أَن يَغيضَ معينُه
وَوُدُّكَbut your love ياO ابنَson of الحاضريةِal-Hadiriyya آلُa mirage
وَوُدُّكَ يا ابنَ الحاضريةِ آلُ
Some people's love refuses to let its spring run dry,
but your love, son of al-Hadiriyya, is a mirage.
فهلis then هوit الاanything but أَنْthat وفيتُI kept faith لصاحبٍwith a companion
فهل هو الا أَنْ وفيتُ لصاحبٍ
غدرتَyou acted treacherously بهِtoward him والنائباتwhile misfortunes سِجالُtake turns
غدرتَ بهِ والنائبات سِجالُ
Was it anything but my keeping faith with a companion
whom you betrayed, while misfortunes take their turns?
أَقلنىforgive me يداًa favor عندin the eyes of الصديقِthe friend حميدةًpraiseworthy
أَقلنى يداً عند الصديقِ حميدةً
لعلكَperhaps you تلقىwill encounter مِثلَهَاits like فَتُقَالُand then be excused
لعلكَ تلقى مِثلَهَا فَتُقَالُ
Forgive me a favor praiseworthy in a friend's eyes;
perhaps you will meet its like and be forgiven.
اذاwhen أَنتَyou صاحبتَbefriend الكرامَthe noble فكنْthen be لَهُمْfor them
اذا أَنتَ صاحبتَ الكرامَ فكنْ لَهُمْ
عَذِيراًan advocate تُثَنّيهِbend him صَباًan east wind وشَمَالُand a north wind
عَذِيراً تُثَنّيهِ صَباً وشَمَالُ
When you keep company with noble men, be for them
a defender whom east wind and north wind bend.
وكنand be رائدَa scout for الشيءِthe thing الذيthat يطلبونَهthey seek
وكن رائدَ الشيءِ الذي يطلبونَه
وانْeven if كانَthere is فيهِin it للعدوِّfor the enemy مَقَالُcause for reproach
وانْ كانَ فيهِ للعدوِّ مَقَالُ
Be the scout for whatever they seek,
even if it gives the enemy grounds for reproach.
Sol 6.1