أقضيبIs it a bough بانa bān tree أمor قوامa figure أملدsupple
أقضيب بان أم قوام أملد
وكحيلand kohl-dark طرفan eye or gaze أمor غزالa gazelle أغيدgraceful and supple
وكحيل طرف أم غزال أغيد
Is it a bān-tree bough, or a supple figure?
A spear erect, or a slim waist
And a kohl-dark eye, or a graceful gazelle?
And kohl-lined eyes, or a delicate gazelle
انif قلتyou say ظبيa gazelle فهوthen he is ابهىmore splendid منظراin appearance
ان قلت ظبي فهو ابهى منظرا
اوor قلتyou say غصنa bough فهوthen he is منهthan it ااميدmore swaying (apparently أميد)
او قلت غصن فهو منه ااميد
If you call him a gazelle, he is lovelier to behold;
If I say it's a gazelle, it's the loveliest sight
or call him a bough: he sways more than it.
Or if I say it's a branch, it's the hope therein
رشأa young gazelle يغارenvies الظبيthe gazelle منهhim انwhen رناhe gazes
رشأ يغار الظبي منه ان رنا
والغصنand the bough بطرفwith a gaze انwhen غداhe begins يتأوّدto sway
والغصن بطرف ان غدا يتأوّد
A fawn whom the gazelle envies when he gazes,
A branch the gazelle envies when it sways
and a bough with a gaze when he begins to sway.
And when the branch inclines, it languishes
نشوانintoxicated قدalready مالتhas swayed بهwith him خمرthe wine of الصباyouth
نشوان قد مالت به خمر الصبا
فالريقso the saliva يسكرintoxicates واللحاظand the glances تعربدrun riot
فالريق يسكر واللحاظ تعربد
Intoxicated, swayed by the wine of youth;
Alluring with its slim waist, intoxicated by youth
so his saliva intoxicates, and his glances run riot.
The saliva grows sweet, the glances languid
حلوsweet التثنيthe swaying بالقوامof the figure اذاwhen بداhe appears
حلو التثني بالقوام اذا بدا
فيكادso it almost ذاكthat القدfigure منهof his بعقدwith a knot (likely يعقد: knots itself)
فيكاد ذاك القد منه بعقد
Sweet is the sway of his figure when he appears;
Sweet is the double entendre with the waist when it shows
that figure of his almost ties itself in knots.
That stature nearly shackled by a necklace
مصريEgyptian لفظin speech بابليBabylonian ينتميtraces its lineage
مصري لفظ بابلي ينتمي
للتركto the Turks منهof his اللحظthe gaze وهوand he is مهندan Indian-forged blade
للترك منه اللحظ وهو مهند
Egyptian in speech, Babylonian—his gaze traces its lineage
An Egyptian utterance, Babylonian affiliation
to the Turks, while he is an Indian-forged blade.
The glance is Turkish, and it is bendable
هوhe قاتليmy slayer واناand I القتيلthe slain one بحبهthrough love for him
هو قاتلي وانا القتيل بحبه
ودميand my blood علىupon وجناتهhis cheeks ليfor me يشهدbears witness
ودمي على وجناته لي يشهد
He is my slayer, and I am slain by love for him;
It kills me, and I'm the slain, by its love
and my blood upon his cheeks bears witness for me.
And my blood on its cheeks bears witness
فكأنماso it is as though النعمانal-Nuʿman; blood (wordplay) وجنةthe cheek of خدهhis cheek
فكأنما النعمان وجنة خده
وكأنand as though ذاكthat الخالmole فيهupon it الأسودal-Aswad; the black one
وكأن ذاك الخال فيه الأسود
As though al-Nuʿman were his cheek,
As if Nu'man and the cheek of his beloved
and that mole upon it were al-Aswad, the Black.
And as if that mole on it is black
انيindeed I لأعجبtruly marvel فيin الهوىlove منat رقةdelicacy
اني لأعجب في الهوى من رقة
فيin خصرهhis waist والقلبwhile the heart منهof his جلمدis solid rock
في خصره والقلب منه جلمد
In love, I marvel at the delicacy
I'm astonished by the tenderness in love
of his waist, while his heart is solid rock.
Of its waist, while the heart is frozen
نقلتconveyed صحاحṢiḥāḥ; flawless things الجوهريal-Jawhari; the jeweler بثغرهin his mouth
نقلت صحاح الجوهري بثغره
خبراa report رواهnarrated it الريقthe saliva وهوand it is مبردcooling; Mubarrad (wordplay)
خبرا رواه الريق وهو مبرد
Al-Jawhari’s Ṣiḥāḥ, in his mouth, conveyed
I transmitted, mouth to mouth, Al-Jawhari's dictionary
a report his saliva narrated, itself cooling.
A story narrated by the saliva, and it's cooling
ثغرa mouth تجانسaccords بالمحاسنwith beauties وصفهits description
ثغر تجانس بالمحاسن وصفه
فالدرso the pearls فيهwithin it منظمare strung ومنضدand set in rows
فالدر فيه منظم ومنضد
A mouth whose description accords with beauty:
A mouth harmonious with beauty, its description
the pearls within are strung and set in rows.
Where pearls are strung and well-ordered
لمnot انسI forget ليلةa night زارنيhe visited me فيهاduring it وقدwhen already
لم انس ليلة زارني فيها وقد
غابwere absent الوشاةthe tale-bearers بهاduring it ونامand slept الحسدthe envious
غاب الوشاة بها ونام الحسد
I have not forgotten the night he visited me, when
I can't forget the night it visited me, with
the tale-bearers were absent and the envious slept.
No spies, slumbering envy asleep
وغداand he began يعاطينيoffering me سلافthe choicest wine of حديثهhis conversation
وغدا يعاطيني سلاف حديثه
وكؤوسand cups of عتبreproach بينناbetween us تترددpass back and forth
وكؤوس عتب بيننا تتردد
He began offering me the choicest wine of his talk,
It came in the morn, giving me its conversation
while cups of reproach passed back and forth between us.
Cups of blame between us passed around
حتىuntil اذاwhen الاجفانthe eyelids ذبلهاwilted them الكرىsleep
حتى اذا الاجفان ذبلها الكرى
وسرىand spread بهاthrough them كحلthe kohl of الظلامdarkness الآسودblack
وسرى بها كحل الظلام الآسود
Until, when sleep had wilted the eyelids
Until exhaustion withered the eyelids
and the kohl of black darkness had spread through them,
And kohl of black night flowed therein
باتتspent the night بمنزلةin the place of الوشاحa sash لهfor him يديmy hand or arm
باتت بمنزلة الوشاح له يدي
ضمّاembracing وبالاخرىand on the other hand غداhe began يتوسدresting his head
ضمّا وبالاخرى غدا يتوسد
my arm spent the night like a sash around him,
My hands became like a wrap, clasping
clasping him, while he made the other his pillow.
And on the other, it went to sleep
فلثمتهthen I kissed him لتزولso that it might cease نارthe fire of تلهبيmy ardor
فلثمته لتزول نار تلهبي
فاذاbut behold الخدودthe cheeks لهيبهاtheir flame يتوقدblazes
فاذا الخدود لهيبها يتوقد
I kissed him to quench the fire of my ardor,
I kissed it to quell the burning within me
but behold, the flame of his cheeks was blazing.
And lo, its cheeks ignited
وطفقتand I began اكتمهhiding from him الهوىlove فوشىbut betrayed بهit
وطفقت اكتمه الهوى فوشى به
سقميmy sickness ودمعيand my tears قدalready غداbegan يتبردgrowing cool
سقمي ودمعي قد غدا يتبرد
I began hiding my love from him, but it was betrayed
I started confiding my love, so my sickness exposed it
by my sickness and my tears, now growing cool.
My tears began to cool
ثمthen انثنىhe turned away عنيfrom me وولىand departed نافراfleeing in alarm
ثم انثنى عني وولى نافرا
وكذاand so too الغزالthe gazelle اذاwhen تانسit grows tame يشردbolts away
وكذا الغزال اذا تانس يشرد
Then he turned from me and fled in alarm;
Then it recoiled from me, turned away
so a gazelle, when it grows tame, bolts away.
As the gazelle, when it loses its zeal, wanders
فظننتso I thought انthat الطيفthe dream-phantom منهof him زارنيvisited me
فظننت ان الطيف منه زارني
اوor هلcan يزورvisit الطيفthe dream-phantom منone who لاdoes not يرقدsleep
او هل يزور الطيف من لا يرقد
I thought his dream-phantom had visited me—
So I thought its phantom visited me
or can a dream-phantom visit one who does not sleep?
Can a phantom visit one who does not slumber?
ياO! قاتلmay He smite اللهGod العذوthe reprover (incomplete word) لالىcompletes “reprover” + until متىwhen
يا قاتل الله العذو لالى متى
باللومwith blame يغرينيhe goads me وعنهand concerning him يفندhe censures
باللوم يغريني وعنه يفند
Ah, may God smite the reprover! How long
O Killer of Feelings, when will you stop
will he goad me with blame and censure me for loving him?
Blaming me and defending yourself?
اوor كيفhow اسلوهcould I forget him وعاملwhile the spear-shaft of قدهhis stature
او كيف اسلوه وعامل قده
عدلstraight القوامin form وفيand in التثنيswaying مفردsingular or unrivalled
عدل القوام وفي التثني مفرد
Or how could I forget him, when the spear-shaft of his stature
Or how can I blame it, with its stature
is straight in form, yet singular in its swaying?
Upright, unique in double meanings?
ولناand for us عنon the authority of الصحاحsound accounts; the Ṣiḥāḥ يرويrelates بشرهhis smiling face
ولنا عن الصحاح يروي بشره
خبراa report لابراهيمto Ibrahim اضحىnow يسندascribes
خبرا لابراهيم اضحى يسند
His smiling face relates to us, on sound authority,
It narrates to me from Al-Jawhari's dictionary
a report it now traces to Ibrahim:
Stories, stronger than pillars
مولىa lord اياديهhis favors تفيضoverflow مكارماwith generous deeds
مولى اياديه تفيض مكارما
ونداهand his bounty منthan جودthe generosity of السحائبthe clouds اجودmore generous
ونداه من جود السحائب اجود
a lord whose favors overflow with generosity,
My Master, his hands overflow with virtues
whose bounty surpasses the generosity of clouds.
His call more generous than rains in plenty
وترىand you see السخاءgenerosity يلوحshining منfrom اعطافهhis sides or bearing
وترى السخاء يلوح من اعطافه
وبهand to it سجاياهhis qualities المليحةgracious تشهدbear witness
وبه سجاياه المليحة تشهد
You see generosity shining from his bearing,
And you see generosity shine from his manners
and his gracious qualities bear witness to it.
His excellent traits bear witness
منone who قدhas بنيbuilt لبنيfor the sons of ابيهhis father فيin العلاthe heights
من قد بني لبني ابيه في العلا
بيتاa house رفيعlofty in المجدglory وهوand it is مشيدfirmly built
بيتا رفيع المجد وهو مشيد
One who has built, for his father’s sons, in the heights,
He who built, for his father's sons, on high
a house of lofty glory, firmly raised.
A house of glorious renown, constructed
وسماand rose الىto العلياthe highest eminence ونالand attained مكانةa station
وسما الى العليا ونال مكانة
كيوانKaywan (Saturn) دونbelow محلهاits position والفرقدand Farqad (a northern star)
كيوان دون محلها والفرقد
He rose to the heights and attained a station
And ascended to the highest, attaining a position
beneath which lie Kaywan and Farqad.
Like a planet, unmatched in orbit
بحرan ocean سريعswift الجودin generosity الاexcept انهthat he
بحر سريع الجود الا انه
طابتare sweet مشاربهhis drinking waters وراقand is clear الموردthe watering place
طابت مشاربه وراق المورد
An ocean swift in bounty, except that
A sea, swift to give generously, except
his drinking waters are sweet and his watering place is clear.
Its springs are pure, its fresh water delicious
واذاand when بنوthe sons of الامالhopes عنهfrom him بالوفاwith fulfillment
واذا بنو الامال عنه بالوفا
صدرواdepart from the water تقولsay لهمto them اياديهhis favors ردواcome to water!
صدروا تقول لهم اياديه ردوا
When the sons of hope, their wishes fulfilled by him,
When the sons of hope seek his loyalty
depart, his favors tell them, “Come back to drink!”
His hands say to them, return fulfilled
يتعلمlearns البحرthe sea السخاgenerosity منfrom جودهhis bounty
يتعلم البحر السخا من جوده
والغيثand the rain منfrom راحاتهhis palms يتعودlearns the habit
والغيث من راحاته يتعود
The sea learns generosity from his bounty,
The sea learns generosity from his giving
and rain learns the habit from his palms.
The rain learns habit from his palms
حدثspeak وقلand say ماwhatever شئتyou wish عنهabout him فانهfor he
حدث وقل ما شئت عنه فانه
هوhe فوقsurpasses ماwhat فيهabout him تقولyou say وأزيدand more
هو فوق ما فيه تقول وأزيد
Speak, and say whatever you wish of him, for
Speak, say what you will of him, for he
he surpasses all you say of him, and more.
Is above whatever you say, and I'll add more
اقسمتI have sworn لاnot يأتيwill bring الزمانtime بمثلهone like him
اقسمت لا يأتي الزمان بمثله
ابداever وليسand there is not لهfor him نظيرan equal يوجدto be found
ابدا وليس له نظير يوجد
I have sworn that time will never bring his like,
I swear time will never bring his equal
ever; no equal to him is to be found.
Ever, nor will his peer be found
لمnot يثنهturned him aside بالعذلwith reproach عنfrom بذلbestowing اللهىlavish gifts
لم يثنه بالعذل عن بذل اللهى
ثانa discourager ولاnor يلهيهdistracts him عنهfrom it مفندa faultfinder
ثان ولا يلهيه عنه مفند
No discourager has turned him, with reproach, from lavishing gifts,
Baseness did not deter him from bestowing favors
nor has a faultfinder distracted him from it.
Again, nor did any critic preoccupy him from it
ماnot زالceased محسوداbeing envied علىfor عليائهhis eminence
ما زال محسودا على عليائه
انindeed الكريمthe generous man علىfor علاهhis high rank يحسدis envied
ان الكريم على علاه يحسد
He has always been envied for his eminence;
He remains envied for his nobility
indeed, the generous man is envied for his high rank.
For the noble are envied for their ascent
متdie! ياO حسودenvious one فانfor indeed مولدهhis birth اتىtook place
مت يا حسود فان مولده اتى
فيin برجa zodiacal sign سعدof good fortune بالهناamid happiness يتولدhe is born
في برج سعد بالهنا يتولد
Die, envious one! His birth took place
Die, o envious one, for his birth came
under a lucky sign; he was born amid happiness.
Under a fortunate sign, at an auspicious hour
اناI لستam not ابرحleaving عنfrom حماهhis protection اننيfor I
انا لست ابرح عن حماه انني
بالجودby generosity والاحسانand kindness منهfrom him مقيدfettered
بالجود والاحسان منه مقيد
I will never leave his protection, for I
I do not cease protecting him, for I
am fettered by his generosity and kindness.
Am bound by his kindness and grace
مولايmy lord ابراهيمIbrahim ياO منone whose كفهhis palm
مولاي ابراهيم يا من كفه
بحرan ocean of النوالbounty وفضلهand his excellence لاnot يجحدis denied
بحر النوال وفضله لا يجحد
My lord Ibrahim, O you whose palm
My Master Ibrahim, O you whose palm
is an ocean of bounty, and whose excellence is undeniable,
Is the sea of fortune, your merit undeniable
خذtake! منfrom ثنائيmy praise ماwhat تضوعdiffuses fragrance نشرهits fragrance
خذ من ثنائي ما تضوع نشره
فلأنتfor you indeed اولىmost deserving بالثناof praise منamong those who يحمدare praised
فلأنت اولى بالثنا من يحمد
take from my praise what diffuses its fragrance;
Take from my praise what you deem fitting to spread
for you are the worthiest of all who are praised.
For you are more deserving of praise than the one who praises
لاmay not زالتcease being الاعيادthe festivals مشرقةradiant بكمthrough you
لا زالت الاعياد مشرقة بكم
واليكمand to you ايامهاtheir days تترددreturn repeatedly
واليكم ايامها تتردد
May the festivals ever be radiant through you,
The holidays continue bright with you
and may their days return to you again and again,
Their days keep returning to you
ماas long as حركstirs العودthe bough النسيمthe breeze وماand as long as غدتbegin
ما حرك العود النسيم وما غدت
ورقgray doves الحمىof the protected grounds طرباin delight عليهupon it تغردsing
ورق الحمى طربا عليه تغرد
as long as the breeze stirs the bough, and
The reed pipe was not stirred by the breeze, nor did
the gray doves of the protected grounds begin to sing upon it in delight.
The leaves of dodder vibrate with trilling upon it
Sol 6.1