بداhe appeared يختالstrutting كالقمرlike the moon المفدىfor whom one would sacrifice oneself
بدا يختال كالقمر المفدى
مليحlovely الخصرof waist أحسنthe fairest منof those who تبدىappeared
مليح الخصر أحسن من تبدى
He appeared, strutting like the cherished moon,
Lovely-waisted, the fairest ever to appear.
تثنىhe swayed مفرداalone كالغصنlike a branch فاعجبso marvel
تثنى مفردا كالغصن فاعجب
لقترat [unclear word] بالتثنيthrough swaying صارbecame فرداpeerless
لقتر بالتثني صار فردا
He swayed alone like a branch—so marvel
At [unclear word], made peerless by swaying.
غزالa gazelle مقلتاهhis two eyes الاسدthe lions صادتhunted
غزال مقلتاه الاسد صادت
متىwhen قالواdid they say الظباءgazelles تصيدhunt أسداa lion
متى قالوا الظباء تصيد أسدا
A gazelle whose two eyes hunted lions—
When did they ever say gazelles hunt a lion?
يعربدruns riot سيفthe sword ذاكof that اللحظglance منهof his
يعربد سيف ذاك اللحظ منه
وقدand already اضحىhas become بقيمenforces (uncertain reading) عليupon me حداa prescribed punishment
وقد اضحى بقيم علي حدا
The sword of that glance of his runs riot,
And now it enforces a sentence upon me.
ومنand among عجبwonders تصديهits assault لقلبيagainst my heart
ومن عجب تصديه لقلبي
وأعهدهand I have known it صقيلاpolished ماnever تصدىrusted
وأعهده صقيلا ما تصدى
And wondrous is its assault upon my heart,
Though I have known it polished, never rusted.
تلثمhe veiled his face بالهلالwith the crescent فلاso no عجيبwonder
تلثم بالهلال فلا عجيب
بشمسin the sun ضحىof the forenoon الجمالof beauty اذwhen تردىhe cloaked himself
بشمس ضحى الجمال اذ تردى
He veiled himself with the crescent—no wonder,
When he cloaked himself in beauty's morning sun.
مليكking الحسنof beauty سطانsultan (uncertain reading) البراياof creation
مليك الحسن سطان البرايا
لهfor him اضحتbecame ملاحthe beauties العصرof the age جنداtroops
له اضحت ملاح العصر جندا
The king of beauty, sovereign of creation;
The beauties of the age have become his troops.
لهfor him منfrom شعرهhis hair راياتbanners حسنof beauty
له من شعره رايات حسن
وقدand already عقدتhave knotted لهfor him الاصدغthe temple-locks بنداa standard
وقد عقدت له الاصدغ بندا
His hair provides him banners of beauty,
And his temple-locks have knotted him a standard.
علامwhy بهاamong them بضلgoes astray (uncertain reading) كليمone spoken to, evoking Moses قلبيof my heart
علام بها بضل كليم قلبي
وقدand already آنستI glimpsed منfrom خديهhis two cheeks وقداa flame
وقد آنست من خديه وقدا
Why does my heart's Moses go astray among them,
Though I have glimpsed a flame from his cheeks?
لهhe has مقلeyes صحاحhealthy ناعساتdrowsy
له مقل صحاح ناعسات
كستنيthey clothed me فيin الهوىlove سقماsickness وسهداand sleeplessness
كستني في الهوى سقما وسهدا
He has healthy, drowsy eyes
That clothed me in love with sickness and sleeplessness.
يرينيhe shows me حينat the time of هجرانestrangement هواهhis love
يريني حين هجران هواه
ومنand from فيهhis mouth يرينيhe shows me الريقthe saliva برداhail
ومن فيه يريني الريق بردا
He shows me, at the hour of his love's estrangement...
And from his mouth he shows me saliva like hail.
بعارضهof his cheek's down اقولI speak ووجنتيهand his two cheeks
بعارضه اقول ووجنتيه
وأجعلand I make خضرتيmy greenery آساmyrtle وورداand roses
وأجعل خضرتي آسا ووردا
Of his cheek's down and his two cheeks I speak,
And make my greenery into myrtle and roses.
نهيمwe are enraptured بجلنارby pomegranate blossom الخدof the cheek حتىuntil
نهيم بجلنار الخد حتى
يرىis seen رمانthe pomegranate ذاكthat الصدرchest نهداa rounded breast
يرى رمان ذاك الصدر نهدا
We dote on the cheek's pomegranate blossom, until
The pomegranate of that chest appears as a rounded breast.
حكىhe resembled ظبيthe gazelle النقىof the sand dunes جيداin neck ولحظاand in glance
حكى ظبي النقى جيدا ولحظا
ويحكيand he resembles غصنهits branch هيفاslenderness وقداand stature
ويحكي غصنه هيفا وقدا
He resembled the dune-gazelle in neck and glance,
And resembles its bough in slenderness and stature.
ولولاand were it not for الخصرthe waist والاردافand the buttocks منهof him
ولولا الخصر والارداف منه
لماwould not اشتقتI yearn الغويرal-Ghuwayr معاtogether ونجداand Najd
لما اشتقت الغوير معا ونجدا
Were it not for his waist and buttocks,
I would not long for al-Ghuwayr and Najd together.
ارومI seek وصالهunion with him فيرومso he seeks هجريto abandon me
اروم وصاله فيروم هجري
واطلبand I seek قربهhis nearness فيزيدso he increases بعداin distance
واطلب قربه فيزيد بعدا
I seek union with him; he seeks to forsake me.
And I seek his nearness; he grows more distant.
فهلاwhy then not رقةtenderness بعديهinfects him (uncertain reading) قلبيmy heart
فهلا رقة بعديه قلبي
كماjust as ليto me خصرهhis waist بالقسمwith sickness (uncertain reading) اعدىinfected
كما لي خصره بالقسم اعدى
Why, then, does my heart not infect him with tenderness,
As his waist has infected me with sickness?
اذاwhenever ماemphatic particle زارنيvisited me منهof him خيالٌa phantom
اذا ما زارني منه خيالٌ
وباتand spends the night معانقيembracing me زنداًa forearm وزنداand a forearm
وبات معانقي زنداً وزندا
Whenever a phantom of him visits me,
And spends the night embracing me, forearm to forearm,
لئمتI kissed (uncertain reading) مواطىءthe places trodden الاقدامby the feet الفاa thousand times
لئمت مواطىء الاقدام الفا
والفاand a thousand بعدهاafter that وازيدand I add more عداin number
والفا بعدها وازيد عدا
I kiss his footprints a thousand times,
And another thousand after that, and add still more to the count.
وانand if لمnot يرضhe accepts بالاقدامupon the feet لثماkisses
وان لم يرض بالاقدام لثما
لثمتI kissed فماa mouth حلاgrew sweet منهof his وخداand a cheek
لثمت فما حلا منه وخدا
And if he does not accept kisses upon his feet,
I kiss his sweet mouth and cheek.
وانثرهاand I scatter them دموعاas tears كالالآليlike pearls
وانثرها دموعا كالالآلي
تكادalmost بجيدهupon his neck ينظمنthey are strung عقداas a necklace
تكاد بجيده ينظمن عقدا
And scatter them as tears like pearls,
Almost strung as a necklace upon his neck.
فمهso desist ياO مرشديmy adviser فيin اللومreproach عنيfrom me
فمه يا مرشدي في اللوم عني
فلاso may you not بلغتattain فيماin what رمتyou seek رشداguidance
فلا بلغت فيما رمت رشدا
So desist, my adviser, from reproaching me;
May you find no guidance in what you seek.
ودعنيand leave me فيin الغرامpassion امتto die هواناin abasement
ودعني في الغرام امت هوانا
ليحيىso he may live منthe one who زكاflourished جداin fortune وجداand diligence
ليحيى من زكا جدا وجدا
And leave me to die abased in passion,
So that he who thrives in fortune and diligence may live.
جوادgenerous فيin المكارمnoble deeds حازhe gained سبقاprecedence
جواد في المكارم حاز سبقا
وكمand how often اسدىhe bestowed لناupon us نعماfavors ورفداand gifts
وكم اسدى لنا نعما ورفدا
Generous in noble deeds, he has taken the lead,
And how many favors and gifts he has bestowed on us!
يعدhe regards سؤالthe asking مستجديهof his petitioners وداas affection
يعد سؤال مستجديه ودا
كماjust as تركabandoning السؤالrequests بعدhe regards (uncertain reading) حقداas resentment
كما ترك السؤال بعد حقدا
He counts his petitioners' requests as affection,
Just as he counts not asking as resentment.
اذاwhenever وفدcame الوفودdelegations عليهto him يوماone day
اذا وفد الوفود عليه يوما
يقولhe says لوفدهto his delegation حييتmay you be greeted وفداas a delegation
يقول لوفده حييت وفدا
Whenever delegations come to him on a given day,
He tells his delegation, 'Welcome, guests!'
علىfor بسطspreading الندىgenerosity طبعتwere fashioned يداهhis two hands
على بسط الندى طبعت يداه
كماjust as خلقتthey were created لقبضto grip السيفthe sword قصداexpressly
كما خلقت لقبض السيف قصدا
His hands were formed to open in generosity,
Just as they were made expressly to grip the sword.
بجزرwith an ebb عداof foes ومدand a flood عطاof gifts ارتناit showed us
بجزر عدا ومد عطا ارتنا
فديتmay I ransom يداa hand حوتthat contained جزراan ebb ومداand a flow
فديت يدا حوت جزرا ومدا
It shows us an ebb of foes and a flood of gifts—
May I ransom a hand that holds both ebb and flow!
ببالغhe is lavish (uncertain reading) فيin الهباتgifts لسائليهto those who ask him
ببالغ في الهبات لسائليه
ويعطيهاand he gives them مضمرةconditioned lean steeds وجرداand sleek steeds
ويعطيها مضمرة وجردا
He is lavish in his gifts to those who ask him,
And bestows them as lean, sleek steeds.
لهhe has فيماregarding what بأيديin the hands of الناسpeople زهدdetachment
له فيما بأيدي الناس زهد
وفيماand regarding what فيin يديهhis two hands اشدgreater زهداdetachment
وفيما في يديه اشد زهدا
He has no desire for what lies in people's hands,
And still less attachment to what lies in his own hands.
يدورturns السعدgood fortune حيثwherever تشاwish يداهhis two hands
يدور السعد حيث تشا يداه
ولاand no عجبwonder لهfor him انthat صارit became عبداa slave
ولا عجب له ان صار عبدا
Fortune turns wherever his hands wish,
And no wonder that it has become his slave.
هباتthe gifts يمينهof his right hand لمnot تحصwere counted عداin number
هبات يمينه لم تحص عدا
وكيفand how القطرthe raindrops يحصىare counted انif يعداthey are counted
وكيف القطر يحصى ان يعدا
The gifts of his right hand cannot be numbered,
And how could raindrops be numbered, were one to count them?
سدادsoundness الرأيof judgment لوif رامsought انتساباa lineage
سداد الرأي لو رام انتسابا
لكانit would be لرأيهto his judgment يعزىascribed ويسدىand bestowed
لكان لرأيه يعزى ويسدى
If sound judgment sought a lineage,
It would be ascribed to his judgment and bestowed by it.
لناfor us ماnot زالceased يخلفhe replaces ماwhat اضعناwe lost
لنا ما زال يخلف ما اضعنا
ولمand not يخلفdid he break لناfor us حاشاهfar be it from him وعداa promise
ولم يخلف لنا حاشاه وعدا
He keeps replacing for us whatever we have lost,
And has never—far be it from him—broken a promise to us.
فمنfor, than ليثthe lion الشرىof al-Sharā انضىmore devastating وامضىand more forceful
فمن ليث الشرى انضى وامضى
ومنand than غيثthe rain السماof heaven اسدىmore giving واندىand more generous
ومن غيث السما اسدى واندى
For he is more devastating and forceful than the lion of al-Sharā,
And more lavish and generous than heaven's rain.
فياso O مولىlord سماascended درجthe steps المعاليof eminence
فيا مولى سما درج المعالي
وسادand excelled علىover الورىmankind فخرpride اaccusative ending اوor مجداglory
وساد على الورى فخر ا او مجدا
So, O lord who has ascended the steps of eminence,
And surpassed mankind in pride or glory,
وجودand the generosity جداكof your bounty صيرنيmade me غنياrich
وجود جداك صيرني غنيا
وكنتand I was فتىa young man فقيرpoor الحالin circumstances جداvery
وكنت فتى فقير الحال جدا
And your generous bounty has made me rich,
Though I was a young man of very poor means.
فكيفso how اخافcan I fear بعدafter نداكyour bounty فقراpoverty
فكيف اخاف بعد نداك فقرا
وقدand already أخذتhave taken يداكyour two hands علىon عهداa pledge
وقد أخذت يداك على عهدا
How, then, can I fear poverty after your bounty,
When your hands have taken on a pledge?
فحسبيso sufficient for me منfrom يديكyour two hands عطاgifts وبذلاand largesse
فحسبي من يديك عطا وبذلا
وحسبكand sufficient for you منfrom فميmy mouth شكراthanks وحمداand praise
وحسبك من فمي شكرا وحمدا
So gifts and largesse from your hands suffice me,
And thanks and praise from my mouth suffice you.
وخذهاand take her قينةa songstress عذراءa virgin بكراa maiden
وخذها قينة عذراء بكرا
عروساa bride لمnot تكنwas she لسواكto anyone but you تهدىoffered
عروسا لم تكن لسواك تهدى
And take her, a virgin songstress, an untouched maiden,
A bride never offered to anyone but you.
ولمand not ترhave you found موضعاa place للنقدfor criticism فيهاin her
ولم تر موضعا للنقد فيها
ومنand among شأنthe ways العروسof a bride تريدshe wants نقداready cash
ومن شأن العروس تريد نقدا
And you have found no ground for criticism in her,
Yet it is a bride's way to want ready cash.
بلغتI have conveyed الحمدpraise فيكof you اليومtoday علماًknowing
بلغت الحمد فيك اليوم علماً
بأنكthat you فيin العطاgiving لمnot تبقleft جهداany effort
بأنك في العطا لم تبق جهدا
Today I have voiced praise of you, knowing
That you have spared no effort in giving.
اتتكshe came to you بحسنon a happy عاقبةoutcome تهنيoffering congratulations
اتتك بحسن عاقبة تهني
وعاقبةand an outcome جزاهاits recompense لاnot يؤدىcan be paid
وعاقبة جزاها لا يؤدى
She has come to congratulate you on a happy outcome,
An outcome whose recompense cannot be paid.
فدمso endure واسلمand be safe وعشand live لاmay not زلتyou cease to be مولىa lord
فدم واسلم وعش لا زلت مولى
علىover العبرا[unclear word] تحوزyou attain المجدglory فرداpeerlessly
على العبرا تحوز المجد فردا
So endure, be safe, and live; may you always remain a lord,
Over [unclear word], winning glory peerlessly.
ولاand not برحتmay it cease لكfor you الرزقاءthe blue one (uncertain reading) طوعاobedient
ولا برحت لك الرزقاء طوعا
تحدyou restrain عنانهاher reins والدهرand Time عبداa slave
تحد عنانها والدهر عبدا
And may the blue one ever remain obedient to you,
You rein her in, and Time is a slave.
Sol 6.1