أَظهِرreveal جَمالَكَyour beauty لِلعُيونِto the eyes وَأَبدِهِand display it
أَظهِر جَمالَكَ لِلعُيونِ وَأَبدِهِ
وَصِلِand sustain الوِدادَaffection لِمَنfor one who رضاكَyour favor بوُدِّهِwith his love
وَصِلِ الوِدادَ لِمَن رضاكَ بوُدِّهِ
Reveal your beauty to the eyes and display it.
And sustain affection for one who seeks your favor with his love.
فحُسامُfor the sword of هَذاthis الجفنِeyelid مُذsince جَرّدتَهُyou unsheathed it
فحُسامُ هَذا الجفنِ مُذ جَرّدتَهُ
فيamong الناسِpeople زادَhas exceeded بِضَربِهِwith its blows عَنbeyond حَدِّهِits bounds
في الناسِ زادَ بِضَربِهِ عَن حَدِّهِ
For the sword of this eyelid, since you unsheathed it,
has exceeded all bounds with its blows among people.
وَإِلامَand until when صَبُّكَyour impassioned lover بِالجَفاthrough harshness فيin عَكسِهِhis adversity
وَإِلامَ صَبُّكَ بِالجَفا في عَكسِهِ
وَتَزيدُand you increase عَنfrom بابِthe gate of الرِضىfavor فيin طَردِهِdriving him away
وَتَزيدُ عَن بابِ الرِضى في طَردِهِ
How long must your lover suffer adversity through your harshness,
while you increase his banishment from the gate of favor?
وَتَسيلُand flow أَدمُعُهُhis tears إِذاwhen فارَقتَهُyou leave him
وَتَسيلُ أَدمُعُهُ إِذا فارَقتَهُ
وَإِذاand when وَصلتَyou grant union بَكىhe weeps مَخافَةَfor fear of صَدِّهِhis being rejected
وَإِذا وَصلتَ بَكى مَخافَةَ صَدِّهِ
His tears flow when you leave him,
and when you grant union, he weeps for fear of rejection.
فَعَلىso in كِلاboth الحالينِconditions طِفلُthe infant of غَرامِهِhis passion
فَعَلى كِلا الحالينِ طِفلُ غَرامِهِ
ماnot نالَhas attained مِنthrough وَصلٍunion بلوغَreaching أَشُدِّهِits maturity
ما نالَ مِن وَصلٍ بلوغَ أَشُدِّهِ
Thus, in either condition, the infant of his passion
has gained no union to bring it to maturity.
أحصيI count لَياليthe nights of البينِseparation فيin حِسبانِهِhis reckoning
أحصي لَيالي البينِ في حِسبانِهِ
فَأجِزهُso let him pass عَنbeyond بابِthe gate of الصُدودِrejection وَعَدِّهِand take him across
فَأجِزهُ عَن بابِ الصُدودِ وَعَدِّهِ
I count the nights of separation in his reckoning;
so let him pass beyond the gate of rejection and lead him onward.
وَمهفهفٍand many a slender youth فيon عارضَيهِhis two cheeks جَنَّةٌa garden
وَمهفهفٍ في عارضَيهِ جَنَّةٌ
نَبَتَتgrew عَلىupon نيرانِthe fires of صَفحَةِthe expanse of خَدِّهِhis cheek
نَبَتَت عَلى نيرانِ صَفحَةِ خَدِّهِ
And many a slender youth has a garden upon his cheeks,
grown upon the flames of his cheek's expanse.
لَمّاwhen رأىhe saw الأَلحاظَthe glances تَرشُقُpelting خَدَّهُhis cheek
لَمّا رأى الأَلحاظَ تَرشُقُ خَدَّهُ
جاءَcame العذارthe cheek-down مقدّراًduly measured فيin سَردِهِits mail-linking
جاءَ العذار مقدّراً في سَردِهِ
When he saw glances pelting his cheek,
his cheek-down arrived, its mail-links duly measured.
وَمِنَand among المَصائِبِcalamities أَنَّهُthat he is نسلُthe offspring of الخطاKhita, punning on 'error'
وَمِنَ المَصائِبِ أَنَّهُ نسلُ الخطا
وَهوَyet he الَّذيis the one who قتلَkilled المحبَّthe lover بِعَمدِهِdeliberately
وَهوَ الَّذي قتلَ المحبَّ بِعَمدِهِ
And one calamity: he is Khita's offspring, a child of 'error',
yet he is the one who killed the lover deliberately.
وَمِنَand among العَجائِبِmarvels أَنَّthat سَيفَthe sword of لِحاظِهِhis glances
وَمِنَ العَجائِبِ أَنَّ سَيفَ لِحاظِهِ
جَرَحَwounded القُلوبَhearts وَماalthough not بَداemerging مِنfrom غِمدِهِits sheath
جَرَحَ القُلوبَ وَما بَدا مِن غِمدِهِ
And among marvels: the sword of his glances
has wounded hearts without emerging from its sheath.
إِنif ماسَhe sways تَجريstreams مُقلَتيmy eye بِدِمائِهاwith its blood
إِن ماسَ تَجري مُقلَتي بِدِمائِها
فَكَأَنَّنيas though I فيهاin it طُعِنتُwere stabbed بِقَدِّهِby his stature
فَكَأَنَّني فيها طُعِنتُ بِقَدِّهِ
If he sways, my eye streams with its own blood,
as though I had been stabbed in it by his stature.
غَلَبَovercame النُحولُwasting عَليَّme حَتّىuntil إِنَّنيindeed I
غَلَبَ النُحولُ عَليَّ حَتّى إِنَّني
حاكَيتُrivaled رِقَّةَthe slenderness of خَصرِهِhis waist أَوor بَندِهِhis wrist
حاكَيتُ رِقَّةَ خَصرِهِ أَو بَندِهِ
Wasting has so overcome me that I
rival the slenderness of his waist or wrist.
وَلَقَدand indeed نَثَرتُI scattered مَدامِعيmy tears فَتَنَظَّمَتand they strung themselves
وَلَقَد نَثَرتُ مَدامِعي فَتَنَظَّمَت
فيin ثَغرِهِhis teeth أَوor جيدِهِhis neck أَوor عِقدِهِhis necklace
في ثَغرِهِ أَو جيدِهِ أَو عِقدِهِ
Indeed, I scattered my tears, and they strung themselves
among his teeth, upon his neck, or in his necklace.
إِنّيindeed I بُليتُam afflicted بِمَنwith one whom أَرومُI desire وِصالَهُunion with him
إِنّي بُليتُ بِمَن أَرومُ وِصالَهُ
وَأَخافُand I fear والدَهُhis father وَسَطوةَand the force of طَردِهِhis driving me away
وَأَخافُ والدَهُ وَسَطوةَ طَردِهِ
I am afflicted with one whose union I desire,
yet fear his father and the force of his driving me away.
وَالحسنُand beauty صَيَّرَهُmade him يتيهُstrut proudly بِحَظِّهِin his good fortune
وَالحسنُ صَيَّرَهُ يتيهُ بِحَظِّهِ
فَطَويلُso the length of هَجريmy banishment مِنcomes from أَبيهِhis father وَجَدِّهِand his grandfather
فَطَويلُ هَجري مِن أَبيهِ وَجَدِّهِ
Beauty has made him strut in his good fortune;
my long banishment is his father's and grandfather's doing.
عمريby my life لَئِنif indeed تاهَglories الحَبيبُthe beloved بِحُسنِهِin his beauty
عمري لَئِن تاهَ الحَبيبُ بِحُسنِهِ
فَالعاشِقُthen the lover المَهجورُforsaken تاهَglories بِسَعدِهِin his Sa'd, his good fortune
فَالعاشِقُ المَهجورُ تاهَ بِسَعدِهِ
By my life, if the beloved glories in his beauty,
the forsaken lover glories in his Sa'd—
السَيّدُthe lord الراقيrising عَلىabove أَنظارِهِhis peers
السَيّدُ الراقي عَلى أَنظارِهِ
شَرَفاًin honor فَكَيفَthen how great رُقيُّهُhis ascent عَنabove ضِدِّهِhis opponent
شَرَفاً فَكَيفَ رُقيُّهُ عَن ضِدِّهِ
the lord who rises above his peers
in honor—how much higher, then, above his opponent!
نَجلُson of العُلاeminence وَالفَخرِand glory نادِproclaim بِفَضلِهِhis excellence
نَجلُ العُلا وَالفَخرِ نادِ بِفَضلِهِ
يَسمَعhe will hear فَتَربَحand you will gain ياO خَسارَةَthe loss of نِدِّهِhis rival
يَسمَع فَتَربَح يا خَسارَةَ نِدِّهِ
Son of eminence and glory: proclaim his excellence;
he will hear, and you will gain—alas for his rival's loss!
حاميguardian of المَعاليlofty deeds لَمnot يَزَلhas ceased being مُتَيَقِّظاًvigilant
حامي المَعالي لَم يَزَل مُتَيَقِّظاً
مُذsince كانَhe was طِفلاًan infant راقِداًsleeping فيin مَهدِهِhis cradle
مُذ كانَ طِفلاً راقِداً في مَهدِهِ
Guardian of lofty deeds, he has remained vigilant
since he was an infant sleeping in his cradle.
جَمَعَتhas united مَهابَتُهُhis majesty سَخاءَthe generosity of يَمينِهِhis right hand
جَمَعَت مَهابَتُهُ سَخاءَ يَمينِهِ
كَالغَيثِlike rain يَهميpouring مَعwith بَوارِقِthe lightning flashes of رَعدِهِits thunder
كَالغَيثِ يَهمي مَع بَوارِقِ رَعدِهِ
His majesty unites with his right hand's generosity,
like rain pouring amid the lightning of its thunder.
مُتَعَفِّفٌself-restrained والأَريحيَّةُand generosity خُلقُهُis his nature
مُتَعَفِّفٌ والأَريحيَّةُ خُلقُهُ
يَهتَزُّhe is stirred لَكِنyet لَمnot يَغِبhas strayed عَنfrom رُشدِهِhis sound judgment
يَهتَزُّ لَكِن لَم يَغِب عَن رُشدِهِ
He is self-restrained, and generosity is his nature;
he is stirred, yet never strays from sound judgment.
مَولىًa patron يَزيدُincreasing تَرَقِّياًin elevation فيtoward غايَةٍa goal
مَولىً يَزيدُ تَرَقِّياً في غايَةٍ
نَقَصَfell short الوَرىhumankind عَنهاof it وفاقَand he surpassed them بِجَدِّهِthrough his good fortune
نَقَصَ الوَرى عَنها وفاقَ بِجَدِّهِ
A patron who rises ever higher toward a goal
that others fall short of, surpassing them through his good fortune.
لَمnot يَقلِhas hated طلّابَseekers of النَدىbounty مِنهُfrom him وَلَمnor has
لَم يَقلِ طلّابَ النَدى مِنهُ وَلَم
يَرجِعreturned مُسائِلُهُhis petitioner بِكسرَةِwith the humiliation of رَدِّهِhis refusal
يَرجِع مُسائِلُهُ بِكسرَةِ رَدِّهِ
He has never hated those seeking bounty from him, nor
has his petitioner returned broken by his refusal.
يَتَيَقَّنُis certain of الراجيthe hopeful seeker اليَسارَwealth لِقَصدِهِon his making for
يَتَيَقَّنُ الراجي اليَسارَ لِقَصدِهِ
لِلبَحرِthe sea أَنif مَدَّhe stretches اليَمينَthe right hand لمدِّهِfor its tide
لِلبَحرِ أَن مَدَّ اليَمينَ لمدِّهِ
The hopeful seeker is assured of wealth in making
for the sea, if he stretches his right hand to its tide.
مِنfrom أسرةٍa family أَسرواwho captured الخُطوبَcalamities وَأَطلَقواand freed
مِن أسرةٍ أَسروا الخُطوبَ وَأَطلَقوا
بِالجودِthrough generosity مَنone whom أَسَرَتهُheld him captive قلّةُthe scarcity of وُجدِهِhis means
بِالجودِ مَن أَسَرَتهُ قلّةُ وُجدِهِ
Of a family who took calamities captive and freed
through generosity those imprisoned by scant means.
وَكفاهُمُand suffices them فَخراًas glory بِسَعدِهمُin their Sa'd الَّذيwho
وَكفاهُمُ فَخراً بِسَعدِهمُ الَّذي
لَمnot يُبقِhe left مَكرُمَةًa noble deed تَجيto come مِنfrom بَعدِهِafter him
لَم يُبقِ مَكرُمَةً تَجي مِن بَعدِهِ
Their Sa'd is glory enough for them, he who
left no noble deed for anyone to bring after him.
يُفدىmay he be ransomed بِكُلِّwith every مُسَوَّدٍchief فيin دَستِهِhis seat of power
يُفدى بِكُلِّ مُسَوَّدٍ في دَستِهِ
تَصفَرُّturns yellow خَوفَfor fear of الجودِgenerosity حمرةُthe redness of جِلدِهِhis skin
تَصفَرُّ خَوفَ الجودِ حمرةُ جِلدِهِ
Let every chief seated in state be his ransom,
whose ruddy skin yellows for fear of giving;
مِنfrom كُلِّevery بَسّامِone smiling broadly الثَناياwith front teeth وَهوَthough he قَدalready
مِن كُلِّ بَسّامِ الثَنايا وَهوَ قَد
هاجَتhave surged بَلابِلُthe tumults of صَدرِهِhis breast منfrom حِقدِهِhis rancor
هاجَت بَلابِلُ صَدرِهِ من حِقدِهِ
every man whose teeth flash in smiles, although
his breast's turmoil has surged from his rancor.
حَسَدواthey envied الفَتىthe young man إِذsince لَمnot يَنالواthey attained سَعيَهُhis achievements
حَسَدوا الفَتى إِذ لَم يَنالوا سَعيَهُ
غَيظَwith the rage of الأَسيرِthe captive عَلىat قَساوَةِthe harshness of قدِّهِhis leather bonds
غَيظَ الأَسيرِ عَلى قَساوَةِ قدِّهِ
They envied the young man when they could not rival his achievements,
with a captive's rage at the harshness of his leather bonds.
ياO طالِباًseeker لِلمَكرُماتِof noble gifts مُجاهِداًstriving
يا طالِباً لِلمَكرُماتِ مُجاهِداً
وَعَطاءُand the bounty of سَعدِSa'd الدينِal-Din أَقصىthe utmost قَصدِهِof his aim
وَعَطاءُ سَعدِ الدينِ أَقصى قَصدِهِ
O seeker striving after noble gifts,
for whom Sa'd al-Din's bounty is the highest aim,
إِقصِدmake for لَهُhim واِسأَلهُand ask him تُعطَyou will be given وَتَغتَنِمand you will gain
إِقصِد لَهُ واِسأَلهُ تُعطَ وَتَغتَنِم
وَتَعيشُand you will live مَهماas long as عِشتَهُyou live it فيin رفدِهِhis bounty
وَتَعيشُ مَهما عِشتَهُ في رفدِهِ
go to him and ask: you will receive and gain,
and live, as long as you live, upon his bounty.
حَيثُwhere السَماحَةُgenerosity وَالحَماسَةُand valor وَالتُقىand piety
حَيثُ السَماحَةُ وَالحَماسَةُ وَالتُقى
كَالعِقدِlike a necklace أَحسنَexcelled ناظِمٌa stringer فيin عَقدِهِstringing it
كَالعِقدِ أَحسنَ ناظِمٌ في عَقدِهِ
Where generosity, valor, and piety
are like a necklace most skillfully strung;
حَيثُwhere النَدىbounty وَالعِفَّةُand chastity اِجتَمَعاhave united كَماjust as
حَيثُ النَدى وَالعِفَّةُ اِجتَمَعا كَما
مُزِجَwas mixed الزُلالُclear water بِخالِصٍwith the pure part مِنof شَهدِهِhis honey
مُزِجَ الزُلالُ بِخالِصٍ مِن شَهدِهِ
where bounty and chastity have united, just as
clear water is mixed with his pure honey;
حَيثُwhere الذَكاkeen wit نارٌa fire يُقابِلُهاconfronts it النَدىbounty, also dew
حَيثُ الذَكا نارٌ يُقابِلُها النَدى
مِنهُfrom him لِيَمنَعَto prevent زندَهاits fire-stick مِنfrom وَقدِهِits kindling
مِنهُ لِيَمنَعَ زندَها مِن وَقدِهِ
where keen wit is fire, met by bounty's dew
from him, to keep its fire-stick from catching fire;
حَيثُwhere اليَراعَةُthe reed pen فيon المَهارِقِparchments أَشبَهَتresembled
حَيثُ اليَراعَةُ في المَهارِقِ أَشبَهَت
غُصنَa bough of الرِياضِgardens تَفوحُwafts fragrantly نسمةُthe breath of وَردِهِits rose
غُصنَ الرِياضِ تَفوحُ نسمةُ وَردِهِ
where the reed pen upon the parchments resembles
a garden bough, the breath of its rose wafting.
قَلَمٌa pen تَصَرَّفَwielded authority فيin المَمالِكِkingdoms صادِراًissuing
قَلَمٌ تَصَرَّفَ في المَمالِكِ صادِراً
عَنfrom أَمرِthe command of مالِكِهِits master لأَصغىfor the least, reading uncertain وردِهِhis visitors
عَن أَمرِ مالِكِهِ لأَصغى وردِهِ
A pen that wields power in kingdoms, issuing
at its master's command, for the least of his visitors [reading uncertain].
ياO حُسنَهُits beauty فيin كَفِّهِhis palm قَصَباًas a reed حَلاgrew sweet
يا حُسنَهُ في كَفِّهِ قَصَباً حَلا
ذوقاًto the taste وَأَطربَand delighted مسمعاًan ear مِنamong وَفدِهِhis visitors
ذوقاً وَأَطربَ مسمعاً مِن وَفدِهِ
How lovely in his hand—a reed that is sweet
to taste, and enchants the ears of his visitors.
مُبيَضُّwhite in وَجهthe face of القَصدِpurpose محمرُّred at الشَباthe points
مُبيَضُّ وَجه القَصدِ محمرُّ الشَبا
يَخضَرُّturns green حينَwhen السَبحِswimming فيin مسوَدِّهِits black ink
يَخضَرُّ حينَ السَبحِ في مسوَدِّهِ
White-faced in its purpose, red at the points,
it turns green when swimming in its black ink.
وَإِذاand when عَلاit mounted شرفَthe heights of المَهارِقِparchments منبراًas a pulpit
وَإِذا عَلا شرفَ المَهارِقِ منبراً
خطبَit preached الغِنىwealth فيin أَسوَدٍthe black مِنof بُردِهِits cloak
خطبَ الغِنى في أَسوَدٍ مِن بُردِهِ
And when it mounts the parchment's heights as a pulpit,
it preaches wealth in the black of its cloak.
حَيثُwhere السُطورُthe lines عَلىupon الطروسِwritten sheets نَوافِذٌbinding
حَيثُ السُطورُ عَلى الطروسِ نَوافِذٌ
أَحكامُهاtheir decrees وَالدهرُand Time أَوَّلُthe first of جندِهِhis troops
أَحكامُها وَالدهرُ أَوَّلُ جندِهِ
Where the lines upon the pages are binding
in their decrees, and Time is first among his troops.
مِنof كُلِّevery حَرفٍletter مِثلِlike سَيفٍa sword خاطِفٍsnatching
مِن كُلِّ حَرفٍ مِثلِ سَيفٍ خاطِفٍ
بَصَرthe sight of العِداthe enemies كالبَرقِlike lightning لَمعُthe gleam of فرِندِهِits watered steel
بَصَر العِدا كالبَرقِ لَمعُ فرِندِهِ
Each letter is like a sword that snatches
the enemy's sight, its watered steel flashing like lightning.
حَيثُwhere البَلاغَةُeloquence لاnot يَجوزُpasses مبهرجٌa counterfeit
حَيثُ البَلاغَةُ لا يَجوزُ مبهرجٌ
إِلّاexcept وَيَظهَرُand appears زيفُهُits falseness فيin نَقدِهِhis assay
إِلّا وَيَظهَرُ زيفُهُ في نَقدِهِ
Where, in eloquence, no counterfeit can pass
without its falseness appearing in his assay.
وَلَهُand his is الفَضيلَةُthe merit إِذsince يبينbecomes clear صَوابناour correctness
وَلَهُ الفَضيلَةُ إِذ يبين صَوابنا
فيin مَدحِهِpraising him فَكمالُناso our perfection مِنfrom عِندِهِhis presence
في مَدحِهِ فَكمالُنا مِن عِندِهِ
And the merit is his, since our sound judgment is revealed
in praising him; our perfection comes from him.
ياO ناظِرَoverseer of الخاصِthe privy treasury الشَريفِthe noble العامُthe year قَدhas already
يا ناظِرَ الخاصِ الشَريفِ العامُ قَد
وافىarrived إِلَيكَto you بِمَدحِهِwith its praise وَبِحَمدِهِand with its thanks
وافى إِلَيكَ بِمَدحِهِ وَبِحَمدِهِ
O overseer of the noble privy treasury, the year has
arrived before you with its praise and thanks.
هَنّاكَit wished you joy وَهوَwhile it بِكَthrough you المعيّنُis destined لِلهَناfor happiness
هَنّاكَ وَهوَ بِكَ المعيّنُ لِلهَنا
وَبَقاكَand your continued life فيin نِعَمٍblessings تَدومُendure بودِّهِthrough its love
وَبَقاكَ في نِعَمٍ تَدومُ بودِّهِ
It wishes you joy—itself destined for joy through you—
and continued life amid blessings enduring through its love.
مَولايَmy lord هذيthis خدمَةٌa service قَدhas قصّرتfallen short
مَولايَ هذي خدمَةٌ قَد قصّرت
فالصَفحُso forgiveness ياO مَخدومُmaster served عَنهاfor it أَبدِهِshow it
فالصَفحُ يا مَخدومُ عَنها أَبدِهِ
My lord, this is a service that has fallen short;
so show it pardon, O master whom I serve.
مَدحٌa praise-poem إِذاwhen نُشِرَتare unfolded حَواشيthe borders of بُردِهِits cloak
مَدحٌ إِذا نُشِرَت حَواشي بُردِهِ
لَمnot يُستَمَعis heeded رأيُthe opinion of الحسودِthe envious man برَدِّهِfor rejecting it
لَم يُستَمَع رأيُ الحسودِ برَدِّهِ
A praise-poem: when its cloak's borders are unfolded,
the envious man's call to reject it goes unheard.
السَمعُhearing والإِصغاءُand attention جائِزةٌa reward لَهُfor it
السَمعُ والإِصغاءُ جائِزةٌ لَهُ
فأَجِزهُso reward it ياO مَولىlord of المَديحِpraise بِقَصدِهِfor its intent
فأَجِزهُ يا مَولى المَديحِ بِقَصدِهِ
Hearing and attention are a reward for it;
so reward it, O lord of praise, for its intent.
وَإِذاand if أَحبَّكَloves you مَنwhoever يَراكَsees you تَسودُهُbeing his master
وَإِذا أَحبَّكَ مَن يَراكَ تَسودُهُ
كانَare الدُعاprayer وَالمَدحُand praise غايَةَthe utmost of جهدِهِhis effort
كانَ الدُعا وَالمَدحُ غايَةَ جهدِهِ
And if one who sees you as his master loves you,
prayer and praise are the utmost of his effort.
فاِنعَمso enjoy blessings ودُمand endure واِغَنَمand prosper وَعِشand live فيin راحَةٍease
فاِنعَم ودُم واِغَنَم وَعِش في راحَةٍ
وَدَعِand leave الحَسودَthe envious man لِهَمِّهِto his worry ولكدِّهِand to his toil
وَدَعِ الحَسودَ لِهَمِّهِ ولكدِّهِ
So enjoy blessings, endure, prosper, and live at ease,
and leave the envious man to his worry and toil.
فَرَجايfor my hope أَنthat يُبقيكَpreserves you رَبُّكyour Lord سالِماًunharmed
فَرَجاي أَن يُبقيكَ رَبُّك سالِماً
وَاللَهُand God أَقرَبُthe nearest مُرتَجىobject of hope مِنto عَبدِهِHis servant
وَاللَهُ أَقرَبُ مُرتَجى مِن عَبدِهِ
For my hope is that your Lord preserves you unharmed;
and God is His servant's nearest hope.
فَلِمَنso for whoever غَداhas come to يَشناكَhate you غايَةَthe utmost of تَعسِهِhis misery
فَلِمَن غَدا يَشناكَ غايَةَ تَعسِهِ
وَلِمَنand for whoever غَداhas come to يَهواكَlove you غايَةَthe utmost of سَعدِهِhis good fortune
وَلِمَن غَدا يَهواكَ غايَةَ سَعدِهِ
Thus, for whoever comes to hate you, the depth of his misery;
and for whoever comes to love you, the height of his good fortune.
Sol 6.1