العيدُthe festival عيدٌa festival والصيامand fasting صيامُfasting
العيدُ عيدٌ والصيام صيامُ
والشّهرُand the month شَهْرٌa month كُلُّهُall of it أيّامُdays
والشّهرُ شَهْرٌ كُلُّهُ أيّامُ
The festival is a festival, and fasting is fasting.
The feast is a feast, and fasting is fasting,
And the month is a month, all of it days.
And the month, every bit of it is days.
والفطرُand breaking the fast منfrom بعْدِafter الغروبِsunset مُحَلّلٌpermitted
والفطرُ من بعْدِ الغروبِ مُحَلّلٌ
لكَنّهُbut it بَعدَafter الشُّروقِsunrise حرامُforbidden
لكَنّهُ بَعدَ الشُّروقِ حرامُ
And breaking the fast after sunset is permitted,
Breaking the fast after sunset is permitted,
but after sunrise it is forbidden.
But after dawn it is forbidden.
وإذاand when دَنىdraws near وَقتُthe time السّحورِthe predawn meal فكُلthen eat إذاif
وإذا دَنى وَقتُ السّحورِ فكُل إذا
ماan emphatic particle كانَthere is عنَدكَwith you للسّحورِfor the predawn meal طعامُfood
ما كانَ عنَدكَ للسّحورِ طعامُ
And when the time for the predawn meal draws near, eat if
And when the time of pre-dawn draweth nigh, eat whatever
you have food for the predawn meal.
You have for pre-dawn food.
والشّمسُand the sun تَطْلُعُrises بالنّهارِby day وإنّماand only الthe
والشّمسُ تَطْلُعُ بالنّهارِ وإنّما ال
ليلُnight البَهيمُpitch-black إذاwhen دنىdraws near الإظلامُdarkness
ليلُ البَهيمُ إذا دنى الإظلامُ
And the sun rises by day; it is only the
The sun rises in the day, but the
pitch-black night when darkness draws near.
Night for the beasts when darkness draweth nigh.
وإذاand when رأيتَyou see الناسَthe people فوقَupon رِحالهمtheir saddles
وإذا رأيتَ الناسَ فوقَ رِحالهم
هَجَعواthey slumbered فإنّهُمُthen indeed they كَذاكَlikewise نيامُasleep
هَجَعوا فإنّهُمُ كَذاكَ نيامُ
And when you see people upon their saddles
And when you see people lying above their mounts,
slumbering, then they are likewise asleep.
They are thus sleeping.
وإذاand when سَعَيْتَyou hasten إلىto الصّلاةprayer فإنّماthen it is only
وإذا سَعَيْتَ إلى الصّلاة فإنّما
ذاكَthat one المقدَّمُthe one placed in front فيin الصّلاةِprayer إمامُan imam
ذاكَ المقدَّمُ في الصّلاةِ إمامُ
And when you hasten to prayer, it is simply
And when you head for prayer, verily
that one placed in front for prayer who is the imam.
The one going forth in prayer is the imam.
واعلَمْand know بأنَّthat الدَّسْتَthe dais مَجلسُthe seat of سيِّدٍa lord
واعلَمْ بأنَّ الدَّسْتَ مَجلسُ سيِّدٍ
يُرعىis attended to ومنand whoever فَرَشَspread البساطَthe carpet غُلامُa servant
يُرعى ومن فَرَشَ البساطَ غُلامُ
And know that the dais is the seat of a lord
And know that the dais is the sitting place of a lord
who is attended to; and whoever spreads the carpet is a servant.
Who is obeyed, and he who has spread the carpet is a youth.
وكذاand likewise العبيدُthe slaves إذاif اعتبرتَyou consider فَمنهُمُthen among them
وكذا العبيدُ إذا اعتبرتَ فَمنهُمُ
تلكَthose الفحولُthe virile males ومنْهُمُand among them الخّدامُthe servants
تلكَ الفحولُ ومنْهُمُ الخّدامُ
And likewise the slaves, if you consider them: among them
As such are slaves when you contemplate them,
are those virile males, and among them are servants.
Among them are stalwarts and among them servants.
وإذاand when لَقيتَyou meet مُخاطباًone addressing you بتحيةwith a greeting
وإذا لَقيتَ مُخاطباً بتحية
عندَat اللقاءthe encounter فإنَّthen indeed ذاكَthat سلامُa salutation
عندَ اللقاء فإنَّ ذاكَ سلامُ
And when you meet someone addressing you with a greeting
And if you meet one who greets
at the encounter, that is a salutation.
With a greeting upon meeting, that is peace.
وَلَقَدand indeed يكونُmay be البُخُلmiserliness ِشحّاًavarice فيamong الورىhumankind
وَلَقَد يكونُ البُخُل ِشحّاً في الورى
والمفضلونَand the benefactors علىtoward الأنامhumankind كرامُgenerous
والمفضلونَ على الأنام كرامُ
And miserliness may indeed be avarice among humankind,
Stinginess can indeed be miserliness among people,
and those who bestow favors on humankind are generous.
Yet the generous are the noblest of men.
ورأيتُand I saw مجدَMajd الدينِal-Din فيin بَذْلِbestowing النّدىbounty
ورأيتُ مجدَ الدينِ في بَذْلِ النّدى
والجودِand generosity والمعروفِand kindness ليسَis not يُلامُblamed
والجودِ والمعروفِ ليسَ يُلامُ
And I saw Majd al-Din, in bestowing bounty
And I saw the glory of faith in giving blandishment
and generosity and kindness, go unblamed.
And bounty and charity? that is not blamed.
يَهَبُhe gives الدَّراهِمthe dirhams كاللُّجَينِlike silver كأنّماas though
يَهَبُ الدَّراهِم كاللُّجَينِ كأنّما
أشعارُthe verses of مادحهِhis praiser لَدّيهِto him كَلامُwords
أشعارُ مادحهِ لَدّيهِ كَلامُ
He gives dirhams like silver, as though
He gives dirhams freely like the floods, as though
his praiser's verses were, to him, words.
The eulogies of his eulogizer to him are but words.
وإذاand when أشارَhe signals إلىto الغُلامِthe servant بِطَرفِهِwith his glance
وإذا أشارَ إلى الغُلامِ بِطَرفِهِ
أعطِgive الحكيمَthe sage فذلكَthen that الإنعامُbestowing favors
أعطِ الحكيمَ فذلكَ الإنعامُ
And when he signals to the servant with his glance,
And if he gestures to the boy with a wink of his eye,
'Give the sage!'—that is bestowing favors.
Give, wise one, for that is benefaction.
ومتىand whenever وَصَفناwe describe بالسّحائبِas clouds كفّهُhis hand
ومتى وَصَفنا بالسّحائبِ كفّهُ
كَرَماًin bounty وَجوداًand generosity فالسّحابُthen the clouds غَمامُclouds
كَرَماً وَجوداً فالسّحابُ غَمامُ
And whenever we liken his hand to clouds
And when we describe his palm as clouds,
in bounty and generosity, clouds are clouds.
Bounteously and generously, clouds are cumulus clouds,
مُتَبَسِّماًsmiling كفَتىًlike a youth يَهشُّhe beams طَلاقةًcheerfully
مُتَبَسِّماً كفَتىً يَهشُّ طَلاقةً
فيin ضحكهِhis laughter والضّاحِكُand the laughing one البسّامُthe ever-smiling one
في ضحكهِ والضّاحِكُ البسّامُ
Smiling like a youth who beams with cheer
Smiling like a bloke cheerily
in his laughter; he who laughs is ever-smiling.
Joking, and the joker is beaming.
يأويseeks refuge إليهِwith him البائسونُthe wretched وَكُلّهُمْand all of them
يأوي إليهِ البائسونُ وَكُلّهُمْ
كالسّائلينَlike beggars لَهُمَfor them هُناكَthere زِحامُcrowding
كالسّائلينَ لَهُمَ هُناكَ زِحامُ
The wretched seek refuge with him, and all of them,
The wretched throng to him, all of them
like beggars, crowd together there,
Like beggars, for them there a press.
فيin مَنْزلٍa dwelling كالبيتِlike a house إلاَّexcept أنّهthat it
في مَنْزلٍ كالبيتِ إلاَّ أنّه
فيon أرضهِits floor عِوَضَinstead of البلاطpaving tiles رُخامُmarble
في أرضهِ عِوَضَ البلاط رُخامُ
in a dwelling like a house, except that
In an abode like a house except
on its floor, instead of paving tiles, there is marble.
In his land pavement has replaced carpets.
ولهُand he has سِماطٌa table spread كالخِوانِlike a dining table إذاwhen بَداit appears
ولهُ سِماطٌ كالخِوانِ إذا بَدا
قُلناwe say عَلَيهِupon it فيat العشاءِsupper حسامُa sharp sword
قُلنا عَلَيهِ في العشاءِ حسامُ
And he has a table spread like a dining table; when it appears,
And he has tableware like platters, when it appears,
we say: 'Upon it at supper is a sharp sword.'
We say over it at supper, “a quickening."
وَلَرُّبماand perhaps الصّينيُّChinese porcelain كلُّall صحافهِhis dishes
وَلَرُّبما الصّينيُّ كلُّ صحافهِ
مِنfrom غيرِother than شَكًdoubt والقدورُand the pots بُرامُstone cooking pots
مِن غيرِ شَكً والقدورُ بُرامُ
And perhaps all his dishes are Chinese porcelain,
And sometimes every bowl of the Chinese,
without a doubt, and the pots are stone cooking pots.
Without doubt, and cooking pots are copper pots.
وَلَدَيهِand he has أَصحابٌcompanions أخلاَّءٌclose friends لهُof his
وَلَدَيهِ أَصحابٌ أخلاَّءٌ لهُ
والواقِفونَand those standing منَamong العَبيدِthe slaves قِيامُstanding upright
والواقِفونَ منَ العَبيدِ قِيامُ
And he has companions who are close friends of his,
And he has boon friends and cronies,
and those standing among the slaves stand upright.
And standing slaves.
بَلَديmy homeland الجزيرةُal-Jazira والمواطنُand homelands تُربةٌsoil
بَلَدي الجزيرةُ والمواطنُ تُربةٌ
لكنَّbut أكثرَmost of أهلهِاits inhabitants أقوامُpeople
لكنَّ أكثرَ أهلهِا أقوامُ
My homeland is al-Jazira, and homelands are soil,
My homeland is the Peninsula, and its climes are a land,
but most of its inhabitants are people.
But most of its people are folk.
وبأرضِناand in our land قومٌpeople إذاwhen قالواthey say بِياcome! (Persian)
وبأرضِنا قومٌ إذا قالوا بِيا
أنجاthere (Persian) عَلمِناwe know أنّهمthat they أعجامُnon-Arabs
أنجا عَلمِنا أنّهم أعجامُ
And in our land are people who, when they say 'biyā
And in our land are folk, when they say “bye,"
anjā,' we know they are non-Arabs.
Our banner told us they are foreigners.
وَرأيتُand I found أخواليmy maternal uncles لأُمّيof my mother إخوةًbrothers
وَرأيتُ أخوالي لأُمّي إخوةً
لكنَّbut إخوةَthe brothers of والديmy father أعمامُpaternal uncles
لكنَّ إخوةَ والدي أعمامُ
And I found my maternal uncles to be my mother's brothers,
And I saw my mother’s brothers are brothers.
but my father's brothers are paternal uncles.
But my father’s brothers are uncles.
هذاthis هُوَit الصِّدقُthe truth الصريحُplain وغيرُهُand other than it
هذا هُوَ الصِّدقُ الصريحُ وغيرُهُ
فيهِin it التّحرُّضُincitement والنِّظامُand verse نظامُverse
فيهِ التّحرُّضُ والنِّظامُ نظامُ
This is the plain truth; anything else
This is the plain truth, and other than it
contains incitement, and verse is verse.
Contains incitement and organization is organization.
Sol 6.1