إذاwhen ماever غرابthe raven of الليلnight مدّspread جناحهits wing
إذا ما غراب الليل مدّ جناحه
عليّover me وغطانيand covered me بريشwith the plumage of قوادمprimary flight feathers
عليّ وغطاني بريش قوادم
Whenever the raven of night spread its wing
When the midnight raven spreads its wings over me
Over me and covered me with its primary feathers,
And covers me with the feathers of its shoulders
تقلبتI tossed فيwithin طيّthe fold of الجناحthe wing لعلنيhoping I might
تقلبت في طيّ الجناح لعلني
أرىI see الصبحdawn يبدوappear منfrom خلالbetween القوادمthe primary feathers
أرى الصبح يبدو من خلال القوادم
I tossed within the wing's fold, hoping I might
I toss and turn under the fold of the wing hoping
See dawn emerge through the primary feathers.
I may see the dawn peek through the feathers
إلىto اللَهGod أشكوهاI complain of it نوىestrangement أجنبيةalien
إلى اللَه أشكوها نوى أجنبية
لهاit has منfrom أبيهاits father الدهرTime شيمةthe nature of ظالمan oppressor
لها من أبيها الدهر شيمة ظالم
To God I complain of this alien estrangement;
I complain to God of the strange, foreign intention
It has, from its father Time, an oppressor's nature.
Inheriting from time, its father, the trait of injustice
سلاfound solace كلّevery مشتاقlonging lover برؤيةby seeing الفهhis beloved
سلا كلّ مشتاق برؤية الفه
وكانand was عليّupon me الشوقlonging ضربةa blow لازمinescapable
وكان عليّ الشوق ضربة لازم
Every longing lover found solace in seeing his beloved,
Greet every longing one with the sight of joy
While longing was for me an inescapable blow.
While longing was for me a perpetual affliction
اذاwhen جاشsurged صدرthe breast of الأرضthe earth بيwith me كنتI was منجداin the highlands
اذا جاش صدر الأرض بي كنت منجدا
وانand if لمdid not يجشsurge بيwith me كنتI was بينamong التهائمthe Tihama lowlands
وان لم يجش بي كنت بين التهائم
When the earth's breast surged beneath me, I was in the highlands;
When the breast of the earth surged towards me, I stood firm
And if it did not surge beneath me, I was among the Tihama lowlands.
And if it didn’t surge towards me, I was lost among the wavering
أكلis every بنيson of الآدابthe literary arts مثليlike me ضائعleft to waste
أكل بني الآداب مثلي ضائع
فأجعلso I may make ظلميthe wrong done me أسوةa consoling example فيamong المظالمinjustices
فأجعل ظلمي أسوة في المظالم
Is every son of letters, like me, left to waste,
The son of culture, like me, goes astray
So I may find a parallel for my wrong among other injustices?
So I make my injustice an example for oppressions
أمor الظلمinjustice محمولlaid عليّupon me لأننيbecause I
أم الظلم محمول عليّ لأنني
طلبتI sought العلىeminence منfrom قبلbefore حلّuntying التمائمthe amulets
طلبت العلى من قبل حلّ التمائم
Or is injustice laid upon me because I
Or is injustice attributed to me because
Sought eminence before my amulets were untied?
I sought the heights before the solution of entwining
لعمرby the life of أبيكyour father الخيرthe good ماnot آملI hope for الغنىwealth
لعمر أبيك الخير ما آمل الغنى
للينfor softness of لباسclothing واحتفالand lavish provision of مطاعمfoods
للين لباس واحتفال مطاعم
By the life of your good father, I do not hope for wealth
By the life of your father, I never hoped for wealth
For soft clothing and lavish fare;
For soft clothes and lavish banquets
ولكنماbut only أملتهاI hoped for it لصنيعةfor a kindness
ولكنما أملتها لصنيعة
أسرI gladden بهاwith it نفسthe soul of الصديقthe friend الملائمcongenial
أسر بها نفس الصديق الملائم
But I have hoped for it only to do a kindness
Rather, I hoped for it for generosity
With which to gladden the soul of a congenial friend.
To captivate the soul of the fitting friend
ستبكيwill weep قوافيthe rhymes of الشعرpoetry ملءfilling جفونهاtheir eyelids
ستبكي قوافي الشعر ملء جفونها
علىfor عربيan Arab ضاعwas lost بينamong أعاجمnon-Arabs
على عربي ضاع بين أعاجم
The rhymes of poetry will weep with brimming eyelids
The rhymes of poetry will cry tears from their lids
For an Arab lost among non-Arabs.
Over an Arab who was lost among non-Arabs
ولاand no ذنبoffense ليof mine عندbefore الزمانTime علمتهI have known of it
ولا ذنب لي عند الزمان علمته
سوىexcept أننيthat I للشعرof poetry آخرthe last ناظمversifier
سوى أنني للشعر آخر ناظم
I know of no offense of mine against Time
And I have no fault with time, I realized
Except that I am poetry's last versifier.
Except that I was the last composer of poetry
توهمتهI imagined him عمروAmr بنson of هندHind وخلتنيand I thought myself
توهمته عمرو بن هند وخلتني
شقياًill-fated أتاهhe came to him منamong وفودthe delegations of البراجمthe Barajim
شقياً أتاه من وفود البراجم
I imagined Time as Amr ibn Hind, and myself
I imagined it was Imru-ul-Qais and it left me
An ill-fated man who came to him among the Barajim's envoys.
Miserable, with delegations from the foreigners visiting me
اليكto you ترامتsped forward بيwith me قلوصa young she-camel كنيفةsturdy
اليك ترامت بي قلوص كنيفة
معطفةcurved فيin دفهاher flank والحيازمand the breast regions
معطفة في دفها والحيازم
Toward you a sturdy young she-camel sped with me,
To you they cast me in shackles like slaves
Curved along her flank and breast,
Wrapped up in them and the bracelets
لغوبweary اذاwhen رقصdanced السرابthe mirage استفزهاit startled her
لغوب اذا رقص السراب استفزها
ببيضwith eggs of الأداحيthe ostrich nests فيin النقاthe sand dune المتراكمpiled up
ببيض الأداحي في النقا المتراكم
Weary; when the mirage danced, it startled her
When the mirage dances, it provokes them
With the eggs of ostrich nests in the piled-up dune.
With the whiteness of the sand dunes accumulating
تبارىshe races الصباthe east wind فيin سيرهاher travel فكأنهاso she is like
تبارى الصبا في سيرها فكأنها
جبانa coward تولىretreated فيin غبارthe dust of الهزائمdefeats
جبان تولى في غبار الهزائم
She races the east wind on her way, as though she were
The morning breeze races in its course, it’s as if
A coward retreating in the dust of defeats.
Cowards have undertaken to flee in the dust of defeat
وماand nothing راعهاfrightened her الاexcept الزمامthe rein تظنهshe thinks it
وما راعها الا الزمام تظنه
اذاwhen ماever تولىswung aside حيةa snake فيat المخاطمthe muzzles
اذا ما تولى حية في المخاطم
And nothing frightened her but the rein, which she took,
And nothing holds it back except the bridle it thinks
Whenever it swung aside, for a snake at her muzzle.
Is a snake turning in the thickets
كأنيas though I منof البيداءthe desert أطوىI roll up صحيفةa page
كأني من البيداء أطوى صحيفة
قدalready اختلفتhave varied فيهاon it خطوطthe tracks of المناسمcamel feet
قد اختلفت فيها خطوط المناسم
It is as though I were rolling up a page of the desert,
It’s as if I fold up a parchment from the desert
Where the tracks of camel feet run this way and that.
On which the lines of writing differ
لنفسكfor your own sake أكرمنيhonor me ولاand not لمعاشرfor people
لنفسك أكرمني ولا لمعاشر
اذاwhen انتقذواwere assayed كانواthey were زيوفcounterfeits of الدراهمdirhams
اذا انتقذوا كانوا زيوف الدراهم
Honor me for your own sake, not for people
Be generous to me for yourself, not for the company
Who, when assayed, prove counterfeit dirhams.
Who, when rescued, are like worthless coins
ويتركand is left بيwith me ميزdistinguishing regard الكميّthe armored warrior's بسيفهfor his sword
ويترك بي ميز الكميّ بسيفه
وانeven if أدركتهhas overtaken it مهنةhard use فيamong الصوارمsharp swords
وان أدركته مهنة في الصوارم
And let me retain the regard a warrior accords his sword,
And he leaves me to distinguish with his sword
Even if hard use has overtaken it among the blades.
And if he reaches me, I have a skill in weapons
أحبكI love you للعلياfor noble aims عصيتكI disobeyed you بعضهاin some of them
أحبك للعليا عصيتك بعضها
وكلّand every كريمnoble man مولعenamored بالمكارمof noble deeds
وكلّ كريم مولع بالمكارم
I love you for noble aims; in some I have defied you,
I love you for the sublime though I disobey you in some ways
And every noble man is enamored of noble deeds.
And every generous one is inclined towards generosity
وانeven if كانwas منكfrom you الودaffection فيماin what أخذتهI received it
وان كان منك الود فيما أخذته
غلولاill-gotten gain وحظيand my share وافرample فيin المغارمlosses
غلولا وحظي وافر في المغارم
Even if the affection from you, in what I received,
If your affection in what I have taken
Was ill-gotten gain, and my share of losses ample.
Was plunder, then my share in it was plentiful
وانand if تصطنعنيyou patronize me تصطنعyou patronize ذاa man of حفيظةzealous honor
وان تصطنعني تصطنع ذا حفيظة
شديداًfierce علىagainst الأعداءthe enemies صعبintractable الشكائمthe bridles
شديداً على الأعداء صعب الشكائم
And if you patronize me, you patronize a man of zealous honor,
If you treat me with artifice, you treat one with a temper
Fierce against foes and hard to bridle.
Harsh towards enemies, difficult when angry
لهhe has كلماتwords كالقلائدlike necklaces فيupon الطلىthe necks
له كلمات كالقلائد في الطلى
ولكنهاbut they فيon أوجهfaces كالمياسمlike branding irons
ولكنها في أوجه كالمياسم
He has words like necklaces upon necks,
He has words like necklaces in a rising
But on faces they are like branding irons.
But they are like branding irons on faces
يشقis painful عليّfor me تركabandoning مدحكpraising you ضلةin folly
يشق عليّ ترك مدحك ضلة
لمدحto praise اناسpeople فيin عدادthe ranks of البهائمthe beasts
لمدح اناس في عداد البهائم
It pains me to abandon your praise, in folly,
It is hard for me to stop praising you, going astray
To praise people counted among the beasts.
To praise people considered as beasts
يصولونthey attack منيfrom me بالمهندwith the Indian blade ماضياkeen
يصولون مني بالمهند ماضيا
وأمسكand I grasp منهمfrom them باحبالby the ropes of الرمائمrotten remains
وأمسك منهم باحبال الرمائم
They wield from me a keen Indian blade,
They seek refuge from me with an Indian sword
While from them I grasp ropes of rotten remains.
While I hold them back with the ropes of spears
حمدتI praised السرىthe night journey عندat الصباحdawn بماجدٍthanks to a noble man
حمدت السرى عند الصباح بماجدٍ
هوhe الماءwater يعطيgives ريهits quenching drink كلevery حائمthirsty wanderer
هو الماء يعطي ريه كل حائم
At dawn I praised the night journey, thanks to a noble man:
I praised Sura at dawn for its magnificence
He is water, giving every thirsty wanderer his fill.
It is the water that gives drink to every confused one
وحسبكand it suffices you منof قاضيthe judge of الجماعةthe community انهthat he
وحسبك من قاضي الجماعة انه
أمانsafety لمذعورfor the frightened ومالand wealth لعادمfor the destitute
أمان لمذعور ومال لعادم
And suffice it that the community's judge is
It is enough that the judge of the community is
Safety for the frightened and wealth for the destitute.
A safety for the frightened and wealth for the destitute
بهthrough him ثبتstood firm الاسلامIslam فيin مستقرهits settled home
به ثبت الاسلام في مستقره
ومثلُand the likeness of فريقthe party of الكفرunbelief مثلthe likeness of النعائمthe ostriches
ومثلُ فريق الكفر مثل النعائم
Through him Islam has stood firm in its settled home,
Through him Islam was established in its settlement
While the unbelievers' band is like ostriches.
And the party of disbelief is like ostriches
اذاwhen مشقتwrote sweeping strokes يمناهhis right hand فيon بطنthe belly of مهرقa parchment sheet
اذا مشقت يمناه في بطن مهرق
تحجّبveiled itself نوارthe blossoms of الرباthe hillocks فيin الكمائمthe calyxes
تحجّب نوار الربا في الكمائم
When his right hand writes across the belly of a parchment,
When his right hand tires in the belly of a warrior
The hilltop blossoms veil themselves within their calyxes.
The light of blessing hides in the veils
ولاحتand gleamed سطورlines كالشهابlike a meteor حكينthey resembled ليto me
ولاحت سطور كالشهاب حكين لي
سلاسلchains of أصداغtemple-curls الخدودthe cheeks النواعمtender
سلاسل أصداغ الخدود النواعم
And lines gleam like a meteor, recalling to me
And the lines shine like shooting stars describing to me
Chains of temple-curls beside tender cheeks.
The wrists of cheeks and gentle hands
ومنand who ليfor me يتقبيلkissing الحروفthe letters فأنهاfor they
ومن لي يتقبيل الحروف فأنها
ثغورmouths of الدمىthe figurines لاnot ابيضاضthe whiteness of المباسمthe smiling lips
ثغور الدمى لا ابيضاض المباسم
And who will let me kiss the letters? For they are
Who can kiss the letters? For they are
The mouths of figurines, not the whiteness of smiling lips.
The gates of torment, not whiteness of smiles
أقلthe least of أياديthe favors of كتبهhis letters ردّrepelling عسكرan army
أقل أيادي كتبه ردّ عسكر
وتأليفand uniting أشتاتscattered groups وحلّand dissolving سخائمgrudges
وتأليف أشتات وحلّ سخائم
The least favors of his letters are repelling an army,
Say to the hands that wrote it to drive back an army
And uniting the scattered and dissolving grudges.
And bring together the dispersed and solve disputes
ورثتyou inherited العلىeminence منfrom تغلبTaghlib ابنةdaughter of وائلWa'il
ورثت العلى من تغلب ابنة وائل
تلادancestral treasures of المنىhopes منfrom عهدهاher age المتقادمlong past
تلاد المنى من عهدها المتقادم
You inherited eminence from Taghlib, daughter of Wa'il,
You inherited the heights from Taghlib the son of Wa’il
Ancestral treasures of hope from her age long past.
The exalted places from its ancient era
وأنيand how يجاريكمcould he race you إلىtoward المجدglory حاسدan envier
وأني يجاريكم إلى المجد حاسد
جهولdeeply ignorant بأسرارof the secrets of العلىeminence غيرnot عالمknowing
جهول بأسرار العلى غير عالم
And how could an envier race you to glory,
And I vie with you in glory, enviously
Deeply ignorant of eminence's secrets, knowing nothing?
An ignorant one of the secrets of the exalted, not knowing
وهذاand this is بجيرٌBujayr وهوand he خيرthe best of لداتهhis peers
وهذا بجيرٌ وهو خير لداته
سوىbeyond شسعa sandal-strap of فعلa deed منكمfrom you لمdid not يقاومrival
سوى شسع فعل منكم لم يقاوم
And here is Bujayr, the best of his peers,
And this is a neighbor who is best for his people
Who could rival nothing beyond a sandal-strap of one deed of yours.
Apart from the ram of an act from you that did not resist
وياand oh عجباًwhat a wonder يعزىis ascribed إلىto الجودgenerosity حاتمHatim
ويا عجباً يعزى إلى الجود حاتم
وماand not هوhe منهof it فيin اللهىthe uvulas واللهازمand the jaw joints
وما هو منه في اللهى واللهازم
And how strange that Hatim should be credited with generosity,
And oh wonder! Hatem is attributed to generosity
Yet he has no place in its palate or jaw joints.
Yet he is not of it in sublime and binding traits
بلrather المثلthe example المضروبset forth فيin الجودgenerosity والندىand bounty
بل المثل المضروب في الجود والندى
يعودreturns علىto أبناءthe sons of كعبKa'b وحاتمand Hatim
يعود على أبناء كعب وحاتم
Rather, the proverbial example of generosity and bounty
Rather, the proverb coined regarding generosity and munificence
Returns to the sons of Ka'b and Hatim.
Returns to the clan of Ka’b and Hatem
Sol 6.1