منamong الحروفthe letters حروفٌletters هنthey كالعرضlike the accident (attribute) الthe
من الحروف حروفٌ هن كالعرض ال
مجهولunknown تغييرهits alteration فيin سمعناour hearing ظهراappeared
مجهول تغييره في سمعنا ظهرا
Among the letters are letters like the accident
Letters, some are like the unseen breadth,
whose alteration is unknown, made manifest to our hearing.
Whose change in our hearing has appeared,
تبدوappear لإشباعهاthrough their prolongation فيin لفظِutterance مُشبِعهاthe one prolonging them
تبدو لإشباعها في لفظِ مُشبِعها
حروفُletters علتهاtheir weakness بهاthrough them الكلامُspeech جرىflowed
حروفُ علتها بها الكلامُ جرى
Through their prolongation, in their prolonger's utterance, appear
They seem to saturate in the utterance that saturates them,
their weak letters; through them speech flowed.
The words have exalted them and flowed through them.
ضَمٌّu-vocalization وفتحٌand a-vocalization وكسرٌand i-vocalization للبناءِfor fixed endings أتتْcame
ضَمٌّ وفتحٌ وكسرٌ للبناءِ أتتْ
أسماؤهاtheir names وبهذاand by this الحكمُthe rule قدindeed شهراbecame well known
أسماؤها وبهذا الحكمُ قد شهرا
U-vocalization, a-vocalization, and i-vocalization—for fixed endings—came
Assimilation, opening, and breaking for building came,
as their names; and by this the rule became well known.
Their names thus have become well-known.
وثمand there رفعٌnominative ونصبٌand accusative جاءcame بعدهماafter those two
وثم رفعٌ ونصبٌ جاء بعدهما
خفضٌgenitive لإعرابٍfor inflection ماwhat فيin لفظهits wording ذُكراwas mentioned
خفضٌ لإعرابٍ ما في لفظه ذُكرا
And there are nominative and accusative; after them came
Then raising and lowering came after them,
genitive, to inflect what was mentioned in its wording.
And genitive for the declension that is mentioned in the utterance.
والجزمُand jussive apocopation يذهبهاremoves them معwith السكونِvowellessness فلاso do not
والجزمُ يذهبها مع السكونِ فلا
تسمعْhear لهاof them منذsince لفظٍan utterance واردٍcoming forth خبراnews
تسمعْ لها منذ لفظٍ واردٍ خبرا
And jussive apocopation, with vowellessness, removes them, so you do not
And liaison takes them away with stillness, so
hear any news of them from the moment an utterance comes forth.
No sound of them is heard since an incoming utterance.
وماand what تولدwas born عنهاfrom them حينwhen تشبعهاyou prolong them
وما تولد عنها حين تشبعها
لكيso that يقضيmay fulfill منهاfrom them اللافظُthe speaker الوَطَراthe desire
لكي يقضي منها اللافظُ الوَطَرا
And those born of them when you prolong them,
And what they give rise to when saturating them
so that the speaker may fulfill his desire through them,
So that the utterer fulfills them with vigor.
كواوlike wāw أوor ياءyāʾ أوor ماwhat جاءcame منfrom ألفalif
كواو أو ياء أو ما جاء من ألف
حروفletters مٍّدlengthening ولينٍand softness تشبهresemble القدراfate
حروف مٍّد ولينٍ تشبه القدرا
such as wāw or yāʾ, or what comes as alif,
Waw, or ya, or what came of alif,
are letters of lengthening and softness that resemble fate.
Letters of extension and softness resembling the cooking pot.
Sol 6.1