أشارَتْshe gestured غَداةَthe morning of البيْنِparting منْthrough خلَلِthe gaps in السّجْفِthe curtain
أشارَتْ غَداةَ البيْنِ منْ خلَلِ السّجْفِ
بناظِرَتَيْwith the two eyes of ريمٍa white gazelle وسالِفَتَيand both neck-sides of خِشْفِa fawn
بناظِرَتَيْ ريمٍ وسالِفَتَي خِشْفِ
She gestured on the morning of parting through the curtain's gaps,
With a white gazelle's two eyes and both sides of a fawn's neck.
وأبْصَرَتِand she saw التّوْديعَfarewell حقّاًas real فلَمْand not تُطِقْshe could bear
وأبْصَرَتِ التّوْديعَ حقّاً فلَمْ تُطِقْ
غَداتَئِذٍthat morning كتْماًconcealment لبَعْضِof some of الذيwhat تُخْفيshe hid
غَداتَئِذٍ كتْماً لبَعْضِ الذي تُخْفي
And seeing that farewell was real, she could not
That morning conceal even part of what she hid.
أماطَتْshe drew aside عنfrom الخَدِّthe cheek اللّئَامَthe veil (contextual reading) فأطْلَعَتْand revealed
أماطَتْ عن الخَدِّ اللّئَامَ فأطْلَعَتْ
هِلالاًa crescent علَىupon غُصْنٍa bough وغُصْناًand a bough علَىupon حِقْفِa curving sand dune
هِلالاً علَى غُصْنٍ وغُصْناً علَى حِقْفِ
She drew the veil from her cheek, revealing
A crescent upon a bough, and a bough upon a curving dune.
وقالَتْand she said لأتْرابٍto companions of her age لَهاof hers قُمْنَthey stood دونَهاbefore her
وقالَتْ لأتْرابٍ لَها قُمْنَ دونَها
فقائِلةٍand one saying سِحّيlet tears flow وقائِلَةٍand another saying كُفّيrestrain yourself
فقائِلةٍ سِحّي وقائِلَةٍ كُفّي
And she said to her companions, who stood before her—
One saying, “Let tears flow,” another, “Hold them back”—
أخِلاّيَmy friends هلْis there طعْمٌa taste أمَرُّmore bitter منَthan النّوَىseparation
أخِلاّيَ هلْ طعْمٌ أمَرُّ منَ النّوَى
وأفْظَعُand more dreadful خَطْباًas an ordeal منْthan مُفارقَةِparting from الإلْفِthe beloved
وأفْظَعُ خَطْباً منْ مُفارقَةِ الإلْفِ
“My friends, is any taste more bitter than separation,
Or any ordeal more dreadful than parting from one's beloved?”
ولمْand not تَكُthere was إلاّbut ساعَةٌan hour وتسنّمَتْand mounted
ولمْ تَكُ إلاّ ساعَةٌ وتسنّمَتْ
ظُهورَthe backs of المَطاياthe riding-beasts كلُّevery فانِيةِlanguid in الطّرْفِgaze
ظُهورَ المَطايا كلُّ فانِيةِ الطّرْفِ
Scarcely an hour had passed before there climbed
Onto the riding-beasts' backs every languid-eyed beauty.
ودارَتْand circled علَىaround الرّكْبِthe caravan الصّوارِمُthe sharp swords والقَناand the spears
ودارَتْ علَى الرّكْبِ الصّوارِمُ والقَنا
وجُرْدُand sleek المَذاكيfully mature steeds منْfrom أمامٍin front ومِنْand from خلْفِbehind
وجُرْدُ المَذاكي منْ أمامٍ ومِنْ خلْفِ
And swords and spears circled the caravan,
And sleek, full-grown steeds, before it and behind.
أمالُواthey turned السُّرَىthe night journey قصْدَtoward العِراقِIraq وأزْمَعواand resolved
أمالُوا السُّرَى قصْدَ العِراقِ وأزْمَعوا
علىupon مهْمَهٍa trackless waste تسْفيscatters بهِwithin it الرّيحُthe wind ماwhat تسْفيit scatters
على مهْمَهٍ تسْفي بهِ الرّيحُ ما تسْفي
They turned their night march toward Iraq, resolved
To cross a trackless waste where the wind scatters what it will.
ودلَّand guided علَيْهِمْto them مَنْwhoever تخلّفَstayed behind منْهُمُof them
ودلَّ علَيْهِمْ مَنْ تخلّفَ منْهُمُ
بمَاthrough what أودِعُواthey were endowed with طيبُthe sweetness of النّسيمِthe breeze منَof العَرْفِfragrance
بمَا أودِعُوا طيبُ النّسيمِ منَ العَرْفِ
And those of them who stayed behind were guided to them
By the breeze's sweetness, through the fragrance they had been given.
فَلاso no عَهْدَmeeting إلاّexcept بالخَيالِin dreams وبالمُنىand in wishes
فَلا عَهْدَ إلاّ بالخَيالِ وبالمُنى
ولاand no وصْلَunion إلاّexcept بالرّسائِلِthrough letters والصُّحْفِand written pages
ولا وصْلَ إلاّ بالرّسائِلِ والصُّحْفِ
So no meeting remains except in dreams and wishes,
And no union except through letters and written pages.
بكَيْتُI wept دَماًblood حتّىuntil توهّمَimagined صاحِبيmy companion
بكَيْتُ دَماً حتّى توهّمَ صاحِبي
بأنّيthat I غَداةَthe morning of البيْنِparting أرْعَفُhave a nosebleed منْfrom طَرْفيmy eye
بأنّي غَداةَ البيْنِ أرْعَفُ منْ طَرْفي
I wept blood until my companion imagined
That, on parting morning, I was nosebleeding through my eyes.
وكمْand how often رُمْتُI sought أنْthat يُجْديmight avail البُكاءُweeping فلَمْbut not يكُنْit was
وكمْ رُمْتُ أنْ يُجْدي البُكاءُ فلَمْ يكُنْ
ليُجْديto avail ورجّعْتُand I repeated الحَنينَyearning cries فلَمْbut not يشْفِbring healing
ليُجْدي ورجّعْتُ الحَنينَ فلَمْ يشْفِ
How often I hoped weeping would help, yet it did not
Help; I repeated my yearning cries, but they brought no cure.
أياah قاتَلَmay He smite اللهُGod الغَوانِيthe beautiful women فإنّماfor only
أيا قاتَلَ اللهُ الغَوانِي فإنّما
طِلابُthe pursuit of الرّدىdeath وقْفٌreserved علىfor ربّةِthe lady of الوَقْفِthe bracelet
طِلابُ الرّدى وقْفٌ على ربّةِ الوَقْفِ
Ah, may God smite the beauties! For
The pursuit of death is reserved for the bracelet-wearing lady.
تُغادِرُleave ذاthe man of الجأشَcourage القَويَّstrong جُفونُهاher eyelids
تُغادِرُ ذا الجأشَ القَويَّ جُفونُها
ضَعيفَweak in انتصارِself-defense وهْيَalthough they are بيّنةُplain in الضّعْفِweakness
ضَعيفَ انتصارِ وهْيَ بيّنةُ الضّعْفِ
Her eyelids leave even the stout-hearted man
Powerless to resist, though they are plainly weak.
إذاwhen ماan emphatic particle غرَسْنَthey planted الوعْدَthe promise فيin روضَةِthe garden of الهَوىlove
إذا ما غرَسْنَ الوعْدَ في روضَةِ الهَوى
جَنَيْتُI gathered علَىupon أغْصانِهِits boughs ثمَرَthe fruit of الخُلْفِbroken promises
جَنَيْتُ علَى أغْصانِهِ ثمَرَ الخُلْفِ
Whenever they planted promises in love's garden,
I gathered from its boughs the fruit of broken faith.
تُرَىone wonders منْwho أحَلّmade lawful الغَدْرَtreachery وهْوَalthough it is محرَّمٌforbidden
تُرَى منْ أحَلّ الغَدْرَ وهْوَ محرَّمٌ
وحرّمَand forbade غُصْنَthe branch of الأقْحُوانِthe chrysanthemum علىto الرّشْفِsipping
وحرّمَ غُصْنَ الأقْحُوانِ على الرّشْفِ
I wonder who made treachery lawful, though forbidden,
And forbade sipping from the chrysanthemum's stem.
سأصْرِفُI shall turn away عنْfrom قلْبيmy heart مُساعَدَةَabetting الهَوىpassion
سأصْرِفُ عنْ قلْبي مُساعَدَةَ الهَوى
فقدْfor indeed كانَthere has been فيin حوْلَيْنِtwo years منْof ذاكَthat ماwhat يكْفيsuffices
فقدْ كانَ في حوْلَيْنِ منْ ذاكَ ما يكْفي
I shall turn my heart away from abetting passion;
For in two years there has been enough of that.
وأذْهَبُand I shall go منْfrom صَبْريmy patience الىto كلِّevery مذْهَبpath
وأذْهَبُ منْ صَبْري الى كلِّ مذْهَب
وكُلُّand every كريمٍnoble man لاdoes not يُقيمُabide علَىunder خسْفِhumiliation
وكُلُّ كريمٍ لا يُقيمُ علَى خسْفِ
And I shall take every road away from patient endurance;
No noble man abides humiliation.
وأفْزَعُand I seek refuge منْfrom دهْريmy time الىin ظِلّthe shade of يُوسُفٍYusuf
وأفْزَعُ منْ دهْري الى ظِلّ يُوسُفٍ
فلِلّهِso, by God منْwhat a رُكْنٍpillar مَنيعimpregnable ومِنْand what a كهْفِrefuge
فلِلّهِ منْ رُكْنٍ مَنيع ومِنْ كهْفِ
And I seek refuge from my time in Yusuf's shade:
By God, what an impregnable pillar and refuge!
زجَرْتُI drove onward القَوافيthe rhymes والمَطاياand the riding-beasts شَوارِداًwayward
زجَرْتُ القَوافي والمَطايا شَوارِداً
الىtoward واحِدٍone فيin الرّوعِperil يُغْنيsuffices عنِin place of الألْفِa thousand
الى واحِدٍ في الرّوعِ يُغْني عنِ الألْفِ
I drove my wayward rhymes and riding-beasts
Toward one who, in peril, takes the place of a thousand.
وَقورٌcomposed إذاwhen الأبْطالُthe champions طاشَتْreeled حُلومُهاtheir wits
وَقورٌ إذا الأبْطالُ طاشَتْ حُلومُها
وأقْدَمُand boldest فيin الهَيْجاءِbattle صَفّاًrank الىagainst صَفِّrank
وأقْدَمُ في الهَيْجاءِ صَفّاً الى صَفِّ
Composed when the champions' wits reel,
And boldest in battle, rank against rank.
إذاwhen ذُكِرَare mentioned الأمْلاكُthe kings يوْماًever فيوسُفٌthen Yusuf
إذا ذُكِرَ الأمْلاكُ يوْماً فيوسُفٌ
لِماfor whatever شِئْتَyou desire منْof جُودٍgenerosity وماand whatever شِئْتَyou desire منْof عطْفِkindness
لِما شِئْتَ منْ جُودٍ وما شِئْتَ منْ عطْفِ
Whenever kings are named, Yusuf is the one
For all the bounty you desire, and all the kindness you desire.
هُوَhe is الدّهْرُTime لكِنْyet عدْلُهُhis justice وسَماحُهُand his generosity
هُوَ الدّهْرُ لكِنْ عدْلُهُ وسَماحُهُ
يرُدُّdrive back صُروفَthe reversals of الدّهْرِTime راغِمَةَabased in الأنْفِthe nose
يرُدُّ صُروفَ الدّهْرِ راغِمَةَ الأنْفِ
He is Time itself, yet his justice and generosity
Drive back Time's reversals, their noses in the dust.
هوَhe is البَدْرُthe full moon إلاexcept أنّهُthat he is الدّهْرَfor all time كامِلٌfull
هوَ البَدْرُ إلا أنّهُ الدّهْرَ كامِلٌ
إذاwhen عِيبَis blemished نُورُthe light of البَدْرِthe full moon بالنّقْصِby waning والخَسْفِand eclipse
إذا عِيبَ نُورُ البَدْرِ بالنّقْصِ والخَسْفِ
He is the full moon, except that he is full forever,
When the moon's light is marred by waning and eclipse.
منَof العرَبِthe Arabs الشُّمِّproudly raised الأنوفِnoses إذاwhen احْتَبواthey sit with knees clasped
منَ العرَبِ الشُّمِّ الأنوفِ إذا احْتَبوا
تبوّأتَyou find lodging فيwith جارٍa neighbor مُجيرٍwho grants refuge وفيand in حِلْفِan alliance
تبوّأتَ في جارٍ مُجيرٍ وفي حِلْفِ
He is of the proud-nosed Arabs: when they sit with knees clasped,
You find shelter with a protecting neighbor and in sworn alliance.
كِرامٌnoble men إذاwhen ماan emphatic particle الغيْثُrain فيupon الأرْضِthe earth لمْdoes not يكْفِsuffice
كِرامٌ إذا ما الغيْثُ في الأرْضِ لمْ يكْفِ
بصَوْبِwith a downpour of حَياlife-giving rain كانَتْwere أكُفُّهُمْtheir palms تكْفيsufficient
بصَوْبِ حَيا كانَتْ أكُفُّهُمْ تكْفي
Noble men: when the earth's rainfall does not suffice
With its life-giving downpour, their palms suffice.
فإنْand if حمَلواthey charge أفْنَوْاthey annihilate أوor استُصْرِخواare called for help حمَوْاthey protect
فإنْ حمَلوا أفْنَوْا أو استُصْرِخوا حمَوْا
وإنْand if بذَلُواthey give أغْنَواthey remove the need عنِfor الدِّيمِsteady rains الوَطْفِcopious
وإنْ بذَلُوا أغْنَوا عنِ الدِّيمِ الوَطْفِ
If they charge, they annihilate; or if called for aid, they defend;
And if they give, they make abundant, steady rains needless.
وإنْand if مُدِحواthey are praised اهتَزّواthey sway كَماas when هبّتِblows الصَّباthe east wind
وإنْ مُدِحوا اهتَزّوا كَما هبّتِ الصَّبا
علىover كُلِّevery ممْطورٍrain-soaked منَof البانِmoringa مُلْتَفِّthickly clustered
على كُلِّ ممْطورٍ منَ البانِ مُلْتَفِّ
And if praised, they sway as when the east wind blows
Over every rain-soaked, thickly clustered moringa tree.
وإنْand if سَمِعواthey hear العَوْراءَan offensive word فرّواthey flee بأنْفُسٍwith souls
وإنْ سَمِعوا العَوْراءَ فرّوا بأنْفُسٍ
كِرامِnoble in السّجاياcharacter لاnever تفِرُّflee منَfrom الزّحْفِthe advancing host
كِرامِ السّجايا لا تفِرُّ منَ الزّحْفِ
And if they hear an offensive word, they flee with souls
Noble in nature, which never flee the advancing host.
لَعَمْريby my life لَئِنْindeed if هاجَتْhave stirred عَزائِمَكَyour resolves العِدَىthe foes
لَعَمْري لَئِنْ هاجَتْ عَزائِمَكَ العِدَى
كماas بحثَتْdug عنْfor حتْفِهاits own death ربّةُthe creature with الظِّلْفِthe cloven hoof
كما بحثَتْ عنْ حتْفِها ربّةُ الظِّلْفِ
By my life, if the foes have stirred your resolve,
As the cloven-hoofed creature dug for its own death,
وغرّتْهُمُand deceived them الحرْبُwar السِّجالُof alternating fortunes وقلّماand rarely
وغرّتْهُمُ الحرْبُ السِّجالُ وقلّما
يدُلُّpoints غُرورُthe delusion of القوْمِthe people إلاexcept علىto الحتْفِdeath
يدُلُّ غُرورُ القوْمِ إلا على الحتْفِ
And war's changing fortunes have deceived them—rarely
Does a people's delusion point to anything but death—
فقَدْso indeed آنَthe time has come أخْذُfor the taking الدّينِthe faith منْهُمْfrom them بِثأرِهof its vengeance
فقَدْ آنَ أخْذُ الدّينِ منْهُمْ بِثأرِه
وماand not كانَwould جفْنُthe eyelid of الدّهْرِTime فيin مثلِهاthe like of it يُعْفِيoverlook
وما كانَ جفْنُ الدّهْرِ في مثلِها يُعْفِي
Then the time has come for the faith to exact its vengeance from them;
And Time's eyelid never overlooks the like of this.
ودونَand before مهَبِّthe blowing of العزْمِresolve كلُّevery مهنَّدٍIndian-forged sword
ودونَ مهَبِّ العزْمِ كلُّ مهنَّدٍ
وخطّيّةٍand Khatt spears سُمْرٍdusky وفَضْفاضَةٍand an ample coat of mail زَغْفِfine-linked
وخطّيّةٍ سُمْرٍ وفَضْفاضَةٍ زَغْفِ
Before resolve's rising wind: every Indian blade,
And dusky Khatt spears and ample, fine-linked coats of mail,
وأُسْدٍand lions غِضابٍenraged إنْif تذكّرْنَthey recall يومَهاits day
وأُسْدٍ غِضابٍ إنْ تذكّرْنَ يومَها
عضَضْنَthey bite بأطْرافِon the tips of البَنانِthe fingers منَfrom اللّهْفِanguish
عضَضْنَ بأطْرافِ البَنانِ منَ اللّهْفِ
And angry lions who, when they recall its day,
Bite their fingertips in anguish.
أمَوْلايَO my lord زارَتْكَhave visited you القَوافِيthe rhymes كأنّهاas though they were
أمَوْلايَ زارَتْكَ القَوافِي كأنّها
هدِيٌّa bride تَهادَتْهاgently escorted her القِيانُthe singing-girls الىto الزَّفِّthe bridal procession
هدِيٌّ تَهادَتْها القِيانُ الى الزَّفِّ
O my lord, the rhymes have visited you, as though
A bride whom singing-girls escort to her wedding.
علَيْهاupon them عُقودٌnecklaces منْof ثَنائِكَpraise of you نُظِّمَتْstrung together
علَيْها عُقودٌ منْ ثَنائِكَ نُظِّمَتْ
مُناسِبَةَharmonious in التّأليفِcomposition مُحْكَمَةَperfected in الرّصْفِarrangement
مُناسِبَةَ التّأليفِ مُحْكَمَةَ الرّصْفِ
They wear necklaces strung from praise of you,
Harmoniously composed and firmly set together.
أتاكَhas come to you بِهاwith them النَّوْروزُNowruz معْتَرِفاًacknowledging بِماwhat
أتاكَ بِها النَّوْروزُ معْتَرِفاً بِما
لمُلْكِكَbelongs to your kingship فيهِwithin it منْof نَوالٍbounty ومِنْand of عُرْفِbeneficence
لمُلْكِكَ فيهِ منْ نَوالٍ ومِنْ عُرْفِ
Nowruz has brought them to you, acknowledging
The bounty and favor your reign bestows upon it.
فهُنّيتَهُso may you enjoy it والدّهْرُwith Time طوْعُكَobedient to you والمُنىand wishes
فهُنّيتَهُ والدّهْرُ طوْعُكَ والمُنى
تُوافِيcome to you بماwith what تهْواهُyou desire ضِعْفاًdoubled علَىupon ضِعْفِdouble
تُوافِي بما تهْواهُ ضِعْفاً علَى ضِعْفِ
May you enjoy it, with Time obedient to you, and wishes
Bringing what you desire, doubled and redoubled.
تمهّدَتِgrew settled الدُنْياthe world بمُلْكِكَthrough your reign بعْدَماafter
تمهّدَتِ الدُنْيا بمُلْكِكَ بعْدَما
أقامَتْit remained زَماناًfor a time لاnot تَقَرُّresting منَfrom الرّجْفِtrembling
أقامَتْ زَماناً لا تَقَرُّ منَ الرّجْفِ
The world grew tranquil under your reign, after
Long remaining restless, unable to still its trembling.
ورُضْتَand you trained صِعابَthe unruly steeds of الدّهْرِTime وهْيَwhile they were شَوامِسٌshying
ورُضْتَ صِعابَ الدّهْرِ وهْيَ شَوامِسٌ
فذلّلْتَهاand so you subdued them منْwith غيرِno جُهْدٍeffort ولاnor عُنفِviolence
فذلّلْتَها منْ غيرِ جُهْدٍ ولا عُنفِ
You tamed Time's unruly steeds while they were still shying,
And subdued them without effort or violence.
وكمْand how many صَرَفَturned التّأميلَhope نحوَكَtoward you آمِلٌa hopeful man
وكمْ صَرَفَ التّأميلَ نحوَكَ آمِلٌ
فصيّرْتَهُand you made him بالعدْلِthrough justice ممْتَنِعَimmune to الصَّرْفِbeing turned away
فصيّرْتَهُ بالعدْلِ ممْتَنِعَ الصَّرْفِ
And how many a hopeful man has turned his hopes toward you,
And through justice you made him impossible to turn away.
وكمْand how many منْa يَدٍfavor أوْلَيْتَنيهاyou bestowed it on me كَريمَةٍgenerous
وكمْ منْ يَدٍ أوْلَيْتَنيها كَريمَةٍ
يقِلُّfalls short لَهاof it نظْميmy verse ويعْيَىand falters بِهاbefore it وصْفيmy description
يقِلُّ لَها نظْمي ويعْيَى بِها وصْفي
And how many a generous favor you have bestowed on me,
For which my verse falls short and my description falters!
فأسْبابُكَso your cords الوُثْقَىthe surest وصلْتُI fastened بِهاto them يَديmy hand
فأسْبابُكَ الوُثْقَى وصلْتُ بِها يَدي
ونِعْمَتُكand your favor الكُبْرىthe greatest ملأتُI filled بِهاwith it كفّيmy palm
ونِعْمَتُك الكُبْرى ملأتُ بِها كفّي
So I have fastened my hand to your surest cords,
And filled my palm with your greatest favor.
فإنْand if أناI لمْdo not أمْحَضْكَoffer you sincerely منّيfrom myself بخالِصٍwith what is pure
فإنْ أنا لمْ أمْحَضْكَ منّي بخالِصٍ
منَof الوُدِّaffection صافٍclear فيin قَرارتِهits depths صِرْفِunmixed
منَ الوُدِّ صافٍ في قَرارتِه صِرْفِ
And if I do not offer you, from myself, pure
Affection, clear to its depths and utterly unmixed,
ولمْand do not آتِenter بحْرَthe sea of المَدْحِpraise فيكَof you لِغايةٍto an utmost limit
ولمْ آتِ بحْرَ المَدْحِ فيكَ لِغايةٍ
تُرىare seen دونَهاshort of it الأبْصارُeyes حاسِرةَexhausted in الطّرْفِgaze
تُرى دونَها الأبْصارُ حاسِرةَ الطّرْفِ
And do not enter the sea of your praise to reach a limit
Before which eyes fall short, their gaze exhausted,
فَلاthen may not صاغَfashion معْنىًa meaning يُسْتَضاءُillumination is sought لنورِهfrom its radiance
فَلا صاغَ معْنىً يُسْتَضاءُ لنورِه
جَنانيmy heart ولاnor خطّتْwrite بَنانيmy fingers فيin حرْفِa letter
جَناني ولا خطّتْ بَناني في حرْفِ
Then may no meaning whose radiance lights the way be fashioned
By my heart, nor may my fingers trace a single letter.
Sol 6.1