لِمَنِto whom القَوامthe stature السَّمْهَرِيُّlance-like سِنانُهits spearhead
لِمَنِ القَوام السَّمْهَرِيُّ سِنانُه
ماwhat أَرهفتْhave sharpened منfrom لحظِهاtheir glances أَجفانُهُhis eyelids
ما أَرهفتْ من لحظِها أَجفانُهُ
Whose is that lance-like stature, whose spearhead is
what his eyelids have sharpened from their glances?
إِنif كانwas نازَعَكchallenged you over الهوىlove إنكارُهُnot recognizing him
إِن كان نازَعَك الهوى إنكارُهُ
فَمِنَthen who (contextual reading) الذيthe one whose بعثawakened الهوىlove عِرفانُهُknowing him
فَمِنَ الذي بعث الهوى عِرفانُهُ
If not recognizing him has challenged your love,
whose acquaintance, then, awakened love?
ظَبْيٌa gazelle صوارمُthe keen swords of مُقلتيْهhis two eyes أَسِنّةٌspearheads
ظَبْيٌ صوارمُ مُقلتيْه أَسِنّةٌ
فبناظريْهso with his two eyes ضرابُهhis striking وطِعانُهُand his thrusting
فبناظريْه ضرابُه وطِعانُهُ
A gazelle: the keen swords of his eyes are spearheads;
so with his two eyes he strikes and thrusts.
لَهِجٌenamored بكأسof the cup of جُفونهhis eyelids وقَوامُهand his stature
لَهِجٌ بكأس جُفونه وقَوامُه
أَبداًforever نزيفُsenseless with wine رحيقهاits pure wine سكْرانُهُits drunkard
أَبداً نزيفُ رحيقها سكْرانُهُ
His figure dotes on the cup of his eyelids,
forever dazed by its pure wine, drunk on it.
كَفَلَتْsecured a pledge سُلافةُthe pure wine of خدّهhis cheek منfrom صُدغِهhis temple
كَفَلَتْ سُلافةُ خدّه من صُدغِه
أَنْthat لاnot يُفارقleave وَرْدَهاتits roses (uncertain reading) ريْحانُهُits basil
أَنْ لا يُفارق وَرْدَهات ريْحانُهُ
The pure wine of his cheek secured from his temple
a pledge that its basil would never part from its roses.
وبنفسيَand my soul as ransom for الرَّشأُthe fawn المُتَرْجِمُinterpreting طَرْفُهُhis gaze
وبنفسيَ الرَّشأُ المُتَرْجِمُ طَرْفُهُ
عنon behalf of بابلBabylon هاروتُهاits Harut إِنسانُهُhis eye's pupil
عن بابل هاروتُها إِنسانُهُ
My soul be ransom for the fawn whose gaze interprets
Babylon, whose Harut is his eye's pupil.
لاno وَصْلَunion إِلاّexcept ماwhat تَجودis generous بهwith it النوىseparation
لا وَصْلَ إِلاّ ما تَجود به النوى
منof طيفِهhis dream-phantom فوِصالهso union with him هِجْرانُهُestrangement from him
من طيفِه فوِصاله هِجْرانُهُ
There is no union except what separation grants
of his dream-phantom; union with him is estrangement.
حكَّمْتُهI made him judge فقضىso ruled عليّagainst me قضاؤهhis verdict
حكَّمْتُه فقضى عليّ قضاؤه
وهَوىand love of الأَحبّةِthe beloveds جائرٌtyrannical سُلطانُهُits sovereign
وهَوى الأَحبّةِ جائرٌ سُلطانُهُ
I made him judge, and his verdict ruled against me;
love for beloveds has a tyrannical sovereign.
أَدمىbloodied جُفونَthe eyelids of الصَّبِّthe love-stricken man صَبُّthe pouring of دموعهِhis tears
أَدمى جُفونَ الصَّبِّ صَبُّ دموعهِ
سَعةًin abundance وضاقand grew too narrow بسرّهfor his secret كتمانُهُhis concealment
سَعةً وضاق بسرّه كتمانُهُ
The pouring of the lover's tears has bloodied his eyelids
in floods; concealment could not contain his secret.
ضمِنguaranteed الفريقthe company فراقparting from أَغصانthe boughs of اللِّوىal-Liwa
ضمِن الفريق فراق أَغصان اللِّوى
أَفبَيْنُهُwas it then its parting ضمنguaranteed الجوىburning grief أَمْor بانُهُits ban-trees
أَفبَيْنُهُ ضمن الجوى أَمْ بانُهُ
The company guaranteed parting from al-Liwa's boughs;
did its parting guarantee anguish, or did its ban-trees?
ياO فضلُFadl ماwhat للفضلwith merit هيضwas broken جناحهُits wing
يا فضلُ ما للفضل هيض جناحهُ
فَبَدَتْso appeared زَمانتهits infirmity وضاعand was wasted زمانُهُits time
فَبَدَتْ زَمانته وضاع زمانُهُ
O Fadl, what ails merit? Its wing is broken,
its infirmity laid bare, its time gone to waste.
قَعَدheld back السّماحُgenerosity بهhim وكمand how many منof ناهضٍa rising man
قَعَد السّماحُ به وكم من ناهضٍ
ضاقتwas constrained لُبانتُهhis desire فضاقso grew tight لَبانُهُhis breast
ضاقت لُبانتُه فضاق لَبانُهُ
Generosity has held him back; how many a rising man
has had his wish constrained, and his breast constricted;
ومخلَّفٍand one left behind ماnot كانwould have يبلغُreached شَأْوَهُhis goal
ومخلَّفٍ ما كان يبلغُ شَأْوَهُ
لوif لمnot يكنwere بيدin the hand of القضاءِfate عِنانُهُhis rein
لو لم يكن بيد القضاءِ عِنانُهُ
and many a man left behind would never have reached his goal
had his rein not been in the hand of fate;
ومروَّعٍand a frightened man سكنتْgrew still خوافقُthe flutterings of أَمنِهِhis safety
ومروَّعٍ سكنتْ خوافقُ أَمنِهِ
لولاbut for جمالُJamal الدينal-Din عزَّwould be hard to attain أَمانُهُhis safety
لولا جمالُ الدين عزَّ أَمانُهُ
and many a frightened man's fluttering hopes of safety grew calm—
but for Jamal al-Din, his safety would have been beyond reach.
مَنْhe whose نالreached قاصيةَthe farthest of المطالبaspirations جودُهُhis generosity
مَنْ نال قاصيةَ المطالب جودُهُ
والغيثwhile the rain ماnot ملأَfilled الرُّبىthe hills هَطَلانُهُits downpour
والغيث ما ملأَ الرُّبى هَطَلانُهُ
He whose bounty reached the farthest goals,
while the rain's downpour had not filled the hills;
واستوعبتand encompassed غُرَرَthe choicest of الكلامspeech فُنونُهhis arts
واستوعبت غُرَرَ الكلام فُنونُه
واستوسقتand gathered ثمرَthe fruit of العلىeminence أَفنانُهُhis boughs
واستوسقت ثمرَ العلى أَفنانُهُ
whose arts encompassed the choicest speech,
and whose boughs gathered the fruit of eminence.
أَذكىthe keenest of الأَنامِmankind إِشارةًin gesture وعبارةًand in expression
أَذكى الأَنامِ إِشارةً وعبارةً
ماnot المرءُa man إِلاّbut قلبُهُhis heart ولسانُهُand his tongue
ما المرءُ إِلاّ قلبُهُ ولسانُهُ
The keenest of mankind in gesture and expression—
a man is nothing but his heart and tongue.
ففروعُهso his branches تُنْبيكtell you عنof أَعراقهhis ancestral roots
ففروعُه تُنْبيك عن أَعراقه
وكفاكand suffices you مِنْof خَبَرknowledge of النسيبِthe well-born man عِيانهseeing him
وكفاك مِنْ خَبَر النسيبِ عِيانه
His branches tell you of his roots,
and seeing the well-born man suffices to know him.
وإِذاand if أَردتَyou seek مَحَلَّهhis station منwithin مجدهhis glory
وإِذا أَردتَ مَحَلَّه من مجده
فترقّthen ascend حيثwhere سماؤهhis sky إِيوانُهhis vaulted hall
فترقّ حيث سماؤه إِيوانُه
And if you seek his station within his glory,
then climb to where the sky is his vaulted hall.
شرفٌa nobility تفيّأَتِsought shelter in الملوكkings ظلالَهits shade
شرفٌ تفيّأَتِ الملوك ظلالَه
وعُلىًand eminence علىupon هِمّاتهhis aspirations بنيانُهits edifice
وعُلىً على هِمّاته بنيانُه
A nobility in whose shade kings took shelter,
and eminence whose edifice rests on his aspirations.
ماnever أَغمدواthey sheathed سيفَSayf ('sword') ابنson of ذيDhi يزنٍYazan بهin it
ما أَغمدوا سيفَ ابن ذي يزنٍ به
إِلاّbut تقاصرdwindled عندهاbeside it غُمْدانهhis Ghumdan
إِلاّ تقاصر عندها غُمْدانه
Never did they sheath Sayf ibn Dhi Yazan there
without his Ghumdan dwindling beside it.
جَدٌّgood fortune تمكَّنَtook firm hold منof ذُؤابةthe pinnacle of مَنْصِبٍa station
جَدٌّ تمكَّنَ من ذُؤابة مَنْصِبٍ
لوif نالهاreached it العَيّوقCapella جُنّwould go mad جَنانهits heart
لو نالها العَيّوق جُنّ جَنانه
Good fortune secured the pinnacle of a station
that, were Capella to reach it, its heart would go mad.
فَلِبَيْتِthus for the house of مالthe wealth of المُلكthe kingdom مِنْfrom عَزَماتهhis resolves
فَلِبَيْتِ مال المُلك مِنْ عَزَماته
طمّاحُfar-reaching طَرْفِthe gaze of كفايةٍcompetence يقظانُهُits wakeful watcher
طمّاحُ طَرْفِ كفايةٍ يقظانُهُ
Thus, for the royal treasury, his resolves supply
competence's far-reaching eye, ever watchful.
يغدوhe goes in the morning عليهto it ثقيلةًheavy أكمامُهhis sleeves
يغدو عليه ثقيلةً أكمامُه
ويروحand leaves in the evening عنهfrom it خفيفةًlight أَردانهhis sleeve-ends
ويروح عنه خفيفةً أَردانه
He goes to it in the morning with heavy sleeves,
and leaves it in the evening with his sleeve-ends light.
لاnot تَجْزَعcut across الأَهواءُwhims ثاقبَthe keenness of رأْيهhis judgment
لا تَجْزَع الأَهواءُ ثاقبَ رأْيه
والرأْيُand judgment مملوكٌheld under control عليهover it مَكانهits place
والرأْيُ مملوكٌ عليه مَكانه
No whims cut across his piercing judgment,
and judgment is held firmly in its place.
مُسْتَظْهِرٌdrawing support بوُلاتهfrom his governors فكُفاتُهُمْso their capable men
مُسْتَظْهِرٌ بوُلاته فكُفاتُهُمْ
نوّابُهhis deputies وَثِقاتهمand their trusted men أَعوانهhis aides
نوّابُه وَثِقاتهم أَعوانه
He draws strength from his governors; their able men
are his deputies, and their trusted men his aides.
يعْدوهُمُpasses them by تأْنيبهُhis rebuke ويَخُصُّهُمْand singles them out
يعْدوهُمُ تأْنيبهُ ويَخُصُّهُمْ
تهذيبُهhis guidance ويَعُمُّهُمْand embraces them all إِحسانهُhis kindness
تهذيبُه ويَعُمُّهُمْ إِحسانهُ
His rebuke passes them by; reserved for them
is his guidance, while his kindness embraces them all.
وإِذاand when انتضوْاthey unsheathe أَقلامهمtheir pens لِمُلِمَّةٍfor a crisis
وإِذا انتضوْا أَقلامهم لِمُلِمَّةٍ
أَبصرتَyou see مَنْone whose كُتّابُهhis scribes فرسانُهhis horsemen
أَبصرتَ مَنْ كُتّابُه فرسانُه
And when they unsheathe their pens for a crisis,
you see a man whose scribes are his horsemen.
ميثاقهُhis pledge حَرَمٌa sanctuary لخائفfor one fearing بأْسِهhis might
ميثاقهُ حَرَمٌ لخائف بأْسِه
يُغْنيكspares you the need عنfor أَيْمانِهِhis oaths إِيمانهُhis faith
يُغْنيك عن أَيْمانِهِ إِيمانهُ
His pledge is a sanctuary for those who fear his might;
his faith spares you the need for his oaths.
وَقَفَreserved الحسابُcalculation عليهِfor him رَكْضَa gallop of إِصابةٍaccuracy
وَقَفَ الحسابُ عليهِ رَكْضَ إِصابةٍ
لاneither البرقُlightning يدركهاcan overtake it ولاnor سَرْعانُهits swiftest rush
لا البرقُ يدركها ولا سَرْعانُه
Calculation has reserved for him an unerring gallop
that neither lightning nor its swiftest rush can catch.
وثنىand turned الخطابَdiscourse إِليهِtoward him فضلُa superiority of فصاحةٍeloquence
وثنى الخطابَ إِليهِ فضلُ فصاحةٍ
لاneither قُسّهاits Quss منهُof his kind ولاnor سَحْبانهُits Sahban
لا قُسّها منهُ ولا سَحْبانهُ
Surpassing eloquence has turned discourse toward him;
neither its Quss nor its Sahban is his equal.
هذاthis وإِنand if تكنshould اتّصالاتthe conjunctions of العُلىthe heights
هذا وإِن تكن اتّصالات العُلى
تقضيdecree بسعدٍgood fortune فالقَرانthen the conjunction قَرانهُis his conjunction
تقضي بسعدٍ فالقَران قَرانهُ
Such is he; and if the conjunctions on high
decree good fortune, then the conjunction is his.
أَمحمدُO Muhammad بنَson of عليّAli اعتنقَembraced الأَسىgrief
أَمحمدُ بنَ عليّ اعتنقَ الأَسى
فكريmy thought فضاقso grew too narrow بفارسٍfor a horseman مَيْدانهُits arena
فكري فضاق بفارسٍ مَيْدانهُ
O Muhammad ibn Ali, grief has embraced
my thought, and its arena has grown too narrow for a horseman.
ماwhat بالُis the matter with حاديthe caravan-driver of المجدglory مغبرّdust-covered المدىthe expanse
ما بالُ حادي المجد مغبرّ المدى
وأخوwhile the man of الهُوَيْناease روضةٌa garden أَعطانهُhis watering grounds
وأخو الهُوَيْنا روضةٌ أَعطانهُ
Why does glory's caravan-driver face a dusty road,
while the man of ease has a garden for his watering grounds?
هَبْنيsuppose me جنيْتُto have committed علىagainst نَداكَyour bounty جِنايةًan offense
هَبْني جنيْتُ على نَداكَ جِنايةً
تُقضىto be requited فأَينthen where is جنونهُits madness وجَنانهُand its heart
تُقضى فأَين جنونهُ وجَنانهُ
Grant that I committed against your bounty a wrong
to be requited—where are its madness and its heart?
وأَناand I am الذيthe one who لاno عَيْبَfault فيهin him لقائلٍfor a speaker
وأَنا الذي لا عَيْبَ فيه لقائلٍ
ماso long as لمnot يقُلْhe says هذاthis الزمانage زمانهُis his age
ما لم يقُلْ هذا الزمان زمانهُ
And I am one in whom no speaker can find a fault,
unless he says, 'This age is his age.'
فهلِthen will المحامِدُpraises ضامِناتٌstand surety عنكon your behalf ليfor me
فهلِ المحامِدُ ضامِناتٌ عنك لي
مَعْنىًa meaning علىupon هذاthis البيانِeloquent expression بيانهُits expression
مَعْنىً على هذا البيانِ بيانهُ
Will praises, then, guarantee me on your behalf
a meaning whose expression rests upon this eloquence?
وهيand they are القوافيthe rhymes ماnever تناظرَhe vied بالنَّدىin generosity
وهي القوافي ما تناظرَ بالنَّدى
إلاّexcept that وقامand stood بفضلِهاthrough their excellence برهانهُhis proof
إلاّ وقام بفضلِها برهانهُ
These are the rhymes: never did he vie in bounty
but their excellence established his proof.
ماnot كانthere was بيتُa house of فضيلةٍvirtue فيin فارسٍPersia
ما كان بيتُ فضيلةٍ في فارسٍ
إِلاّexcept that ومِنْand from عربيَّتيmy Arab heritage سَلْمانهُits Salman
إِلاّ ومِنْ عربيَّتي سَلْمانهُ
No house of virtue ever stood in Persia
but its Salman came from my Arab heritage.
Sol 6.1