إنindeed لهhe has فرطan excess of غرامpassion وأساand sorrow
إن له فرط غرام وأسا
حتىuntil صباhe fell in love وهوthough he was مشيبgray-haired قدalready أسنgrown old
حتى صبا وهو مشيب قد أسن
His passion and sorrow are excessive,
until he falls in love, though gray-haired and already old.
والتفتand turned الالماthe dark-lipped youth إليهtoward him لفتةa glance
والتفت الالما إليه لفتة
لوif صادفتهit had encountered him وهوwhile he was ميتdead لافتتنhe would have been enthralled
لو صادفته وهو ميت لافتتن
The dark-lipped youth turned a glance toward him
that would have enthralled him even had it found him dead,
بطلعةwith a countenance زادتthat exceeded علىbeyond الشمسthe sun سناin radiance
بطلعة زادت على الشمس سنا
تجرىleads along بكلwith everyone فيin الهوىlove سننpaths
تجرى بكل في الهوى سنن
with a countenance surpassing the sun in radiance,
leading everyone along the paths of love.
ظبيa gazelle ملاfilled قلبيmy heart هموماwith cares وشجاand grief
ظبي ملا قلبي هموما وشجا
وماyet not قضىhe fulfilled ليfor me أرباa wish ولاnor شجنa need
وما قضى لي أربا ولا شجن
A gazelle who filled my heart with cares and grief,
yet fulfilled neither my wish nor my need.
عنrevealing مثلthe likeness of عقدa necklace الدرof pearls يفترhe parts in a smile فماa mouth
عن مثل عقد الدر يفتر فما
انif لمdoes not يهمwander in rapture فيin حبهlove for him مثليone like me فمنthen who
ان لم يهم في حبه مثلي فمن
He parts his mouth to reveal something like a string of pearls.
If someone like me does not lose himself in loving him, who will?
أفديهI would ransom him كمhow many عقلa mind لكهلof a mature man وفتىand a youth
أفديه كم عقل لكهل وفتى
إذwhen هلهstunned it ذاكthat المحياcountenance وفتنand bewitched
إذ هله ذاك المحيا وفتن
I would ransom him! How many minds of mature men and youths
that countenance has stunned and bewitched!
أبدلهI offer him in return وجداlonging ويبدىwhile he shows وحراًrancor
أبدله وجدا ويبدى وحراً
ولكماand how often استرضىhe is entreated تاباhe refuses وحرنand balks
ولكما استرضى تابا وحرن
I offer him longing in return; he displays rancor.
How often, when entreated, he refuses and balks!
هاجرتهI shunned him ازدادincreased هجريmy estrangement ولعاin passion
هاجرته ازداد هجري ولعا
راسلتهI sent him messages فسبso he cursed رسليmy messengers ولعنand damned them
راسلته فسب رسلي ولعن
I shunned him; estrangement only increased my passion.
I sent him messages; he cursed my messengers and damned them.
فكمhow much, then أقاسيI endure فيin هواهlove for him لغباweariness
فكم أقاسي في هواه لغبا
وهوwhile he is مريحat ease إنindeed هذاthis لغبنis surely an unfair loss
وهو مريح إن هذا لغبن
How much weariness I endure in loving him,
while he rests at ease—surely this is an unfair bargain!
لمdid not يبقleave ليfor me ولاnor لصبfor a lover ورعاpious restraint
لم يبق لي ولا لصب ورعا
ملاقةingratiating charm فيهin him ولينand softness ورعنand flightiness
ملاقة فيه ولين ورعن
They have left neither me nor any lover a shred of restraint:
his ingratiating charm, his softness, and his flightiness.
قبلتهI kissed him فهلso should أخافI fear مأثماa sin
قبلته فهل أخاف مأثما
وهلand is there لذاكfor that الظلمsweet saliva وهوwhen it is ماwater ثمنa price
وهل لذاك الظلم وهو ما ثمن
I kissed him—should I fear a sin?
And does that sweet saliva, being water, have a price?
لولاwere it not for فتورlanguor فيin مقاهhis eyes وسجىand stillness
لولا فتور في مقاه وسجى
ماnot أوثقwould have bound القلبthe heart هواهlove for him وسجنand imprisoned it
ما أوثق القلب هواه وسجن
Were it not for the languor and stillness in his eyes,
love for him would not have bound and imprisoned my heart.
ولاnor تشكيتwould I have complained منof الأينweariness وجيaching pain
ولا تشكيت من الأين وجي
إذاwhen دجىgrew dark جنحa stretch منof اليلthe night دجنgloomy
إذا دجى جنح من اليل دجن
Nor would I have complained of exhaustion's ache
when a gloomy stretch of night grew dark.
صيرتI made نفسيmyself عبدa slave رقin bondage لاnot ولاclientage
صيرت نفسي عبد رق لا ولا
ورمتand I sought وصلهunion with him فقالbut he said لاno ولنand never
ورمت وصله فقال لا ولن
I made myself a slave in bondage, not merely a client,
and sought union with him; he said, “No, and never.”
ينبيكtells you أنيthat I معهwith him علىon شفاa brink
ينبيك أني معه على شفا
ماwhat فيis in اعتراضthe sidelong turning of لحظةa glance ليtoward me منof شفنhostile staring
ما في اعتراض لحظة لي من شفن
You can tell that I stand with him on the brink
from the hostility in the sidelong glance he casts at me.
ليfor me عنهapart from him إنif أعرضhe turns away فيin الأرضthe earth رهاample room
لي عنه إن أعرض في الأرض رها
وأحمدand Ahmad ماhas not باعنيsold me ولاnor رهنpawned me
وأحمد ما باعني ولا رهن
If he turns away, there is ample room on earth for me without him,
and Ahmad has neither sold me nor pawned me.
الملكthe king الناصرal-Nasir منfrom whom حسبيenough for me عطاas a gift
الملك الناصر من حسبي عطا
كونthe fact of being فناهhis courtyard ليfor me مأويa refuge وعطنand a resting place
كون فناه لي مأوي وعطن
King al-Nasir—it is gift enough from him
that his courtyard is my refuge and resting place.
ملكa king إلىtoward العلياgreatness اهدىbetter guided منthan قطاًsandgrouse
ملك إلى العليا اهدى من قطاً
ماnever قرhe rested دونshort of وصلهاattaining it ولاnor قطنsettled
ما قر دون وصلها ولا قطن
A king surer of his path to greatness than sandgrouse,
never resting or settling short of attaining it.
تطوىis traversed إليهاtoward it فيin الفلاthe wilderness كلevery طحاexpanse
تطوى إليها في الفلا كل طحا
بفيلقby a great army لوif طاحنit grappled with الشمlofty mountains طحنit would grind them down
بفيلق لو طاحن الشم طحن
Toward it, every desert expanse is traversed
by a host that would grind lofty mountains down if it grappled with them.
كمhow much جارflowed (reading uncertain) فضلاbounty بارزاopenly displayed وكامناand hidden
كم جار فضلا بارزا وكامنا
وحلand he untied منof عقدknots وكمand how many وكيhe bound fast مننfavors
وحل من عقد وكم وكي منن
How his bounty has flowed, both open and hidden!
How many knots he has untied, how many favors bound fast!
إذاwhen بداhe appears فيamong معشرa people لهtoward him بداًhostility
إذا بدا في معشر له بداً
وأمهمand advances upon them لمnot يبقremains روحa soul فيin بدنa body
وأمهم لم يبق روح في بدن
When he appears among a people hostile to him
and advances upon them, no soul remains in a body.
لوif قذفتthey poured out ماwhat شربتهthey drank منof دماًblood
لو قذفت ما شربته من دماً
سيوفهhis swords روتwould irrigate ربوعاhomesteads ودمنand abandoned camps
سيوفه روت ربوعا ودمن
Were they to pour out the blood they have drunk,
his swords would water homesteads and abandoned camps.
داهيةa master of guile متىwhenever تصادفhe encounters ذاone possessed of دهاcunning
داهية متى تصادف ذا دها
يهلكhe destroys منwhoever داهنهdissembles with him وماand he does not دهنyield
يهلك من داهنه وما دهن
A master of guile: whenever he meets a cunning man,
he destroys whoever dissembles with him, without yielding.
لاdoes not يطيbend aside همتهhis resolve حبlove رشاًof a gazelle
لا يطي همته حب رشاً
عنfrom قصدseeking out ذىone possessed of بغيrebellion علىupon العلياthe highest rank رشنan intruder
عن قصد ذى بغي على العليا رشن
Love of a gazelle does not bend his resolve away
from pursuing a rebel who intrudes upon the highest rank.
متىwhenever تجدyou find منازلاdwellings ذاتmarked by خوىdesolation
متى تجد منازلا ذات خوى
فأحمدthen Ahmad المخوىis their devastator واهلوهاand their inhabitants خونare traitors
فأحمد المخوى واهلوها خون
Whenever you find dwellings lying desolate,
Ahmad laid them waste, and their inhabitants were traitors.
هوhe المليكthe sovereign لمnot يفتهoutstripped him سؤدداًin lordship
هو المليك لم يفته سؤدداً
ومفخراand glory ولمnor has يشنهblemished him سوددنbase frivolity (apparently سوء ددن)
ومفخرا ولم يشنه سوددن
He is the sovereign whom none has outstripped in lordship
and glory; no base frivolity has blemished him.
إذاif الهوىdesire الهاهdistracts him عنfrom كسبgaining علاeminence
إذا الهوى الهاه عن كسب علا
عصاهhe defies it فيin الحالينboth conditions سراin secret وعلنand openly
عصاه في الحالين سرا وعلن
If desire distracts him from gaining eminence,
he defies it in both conditions, in secret and in public.
لاnot يوثرنwill he ever prefer عجزاout of weakness علىover الحزنrugged ground وطاsmooth ground
لا يوثرن عجزا على الحزن وطا
ولاnor علىover الغربةexile إنif همhe resolves وطنa homeland
ولا على الغربة إن هم وطن
He never weakly chooses smooth ground over rough,
nor homeland over exile once his resolve is set.
خليفةa caliph قدhas indeed أبدلreplaced الغىerror هدىwith guidance
خليفة قد أبدل الغى هدى
والخوفand fear أمناًwith safety والحروباتand wars هدنwith truces
والخوف أمناً والحروبات هدن
A caliph who has replaced error with guidance,
fear with safety, and wars with truces.
تضحىbecome علىupon الخلقmankind عطاياهhis gifts لهاlavish offerings
تضحى على الخلق عطاياه لها
إذاwhen ملوكthe kings الأرضof the earth ظنتare stingy (apparently ضنّت) باللهنwith morsels
إذا ملوك الأرض ظنت باللهن
His gifts to mankind are lavish bounty,
when earthly kings begrudge even morsels.
مواهبgifts ليستthat are not خساodd-numbered ولاnor زكىeven-numbered
مواهب ليست خسا ولا زكى
بلrather كالحصاlike pebbles فليسso no يحصيهاcan count them زكنclever person
بل كالحصا فليس يحصيها زكن
Gifts neither odd nor even,
but like pebbles—no clever mind can count them.
وفودهhis delegations مثلare like الحجيجthe pilgrims فيat منىMina
وفوده مثل الحجيج في منى
يعطونهthey give him حمداpraise ويعطيهمand he gives them مننfavors
يعطونه حمدا ويعطيهم منن
His delegations are like pilgrims at Mina:
they give him praise, and he gives them favors.
ومنand whoever يلقهmeets him يلقfinds منin الرفقkindness أباًa father
ومن يلقه يلق من الرفق أباً
براa loving one لذاكtherefore عندهto him الوفدthe visitors ابنa son
برا لذاك عنده الوفد ابن
Whoever meets him finds, in kindness, a father,
a loving one; thus his visitors are sons to him.
فاسكنso stay إذاwhen قضيتyou have completed منهwith him منسكاa rite
فاسكن إذا قضيت منه منسكا
فاكرمfor the dearest الوفدof the visitors عليهto him منis whoever سكنstays
فاكرم الوفد عليه من سكن
So stay when you have completed your rite with him,
for dearest to him among visitors are those who stay.
انif لمnot تجدyou find منagainst الزمانtime مرتكاa support
ان لم تجد من الزمان مرتكا
فاركنthen lean إليهon him فهوfor he is نعمexcellent المرتكنas a support
فاركن إليه فهو نعم المرتكن
If you find no support against time,
lean on him—what an excellent support he is!
مذsince شادhe raised ركنthe pillar المجدof glory لمnot يخشhe feared وهاcollapse
مذ شاد ركن المجد لم يخش وها
ولاnor اعتراهovertook him خورweakness ولاnor وهنfrailty
ولا اعتراه خور ولا وهن
Since he raised the pillar of glory, he has feared no collapse,
nor has weakness or frailty overtaken him.
ياO ملكاking كالبحرlike the sea إنwhen فاضhe overflows جداwith bounty
يا ملكا كالبحر إن فاض جدا
أزرىhe puts to shame بكسرىKisra فارسof Persia وذىand Dhu جدنJadan
أزرى بكسرى فارس وذى جدن
O king, like the sea when overflowing with bounty,
who puts Persia's Kisra and Dhu Jadan to shame!
هلwill لكyou فيconsider استدراكrescuing عبدa servant ذىwith جناًa stoop (apparently جَنَأ)
هل لك في استدراك عبد ذى جناً
لاnot كالحناlike bending كادhe nearly يوازىwas buried (probably يُوارى) فيin جننa grave
لا كالحنا كاد يوازى في جنن
Will you rescue a servant with a stooped back,
not merely bent, but almost buried in a grave?
صيرهturned him الدهرtime عصاinto a stick بلاwithout لحاًbark
صيره الدهر عصا بلا لحاً
ولمand did not تفدهbenefit him فطنةcleverness ولاnor لحنdiscernment
ولم تفده فطنة ولا لحن
Time has made him a stick stripped of bark,
and neither cleverness nor discernment has helped him.
علاgrew great منof العارshame إذاif راحhe departs سدىneglected
علا من العار إذا راح سدى
ولمand not تصبهreached him حجبcoverings (unclear here) ولاnor سدىdew; bounty
ولم تصبه حجب ولا سدى
Great is the shame if he departs empty-handed,
with neither protection nor bounty reaching him.
بقيتmay you remain للملكfor the kingdom بقاenduring بلاwithout فناperishing
بقيت للملك بقا بلا فنا
ماas long as غردتsings قمريةa turtledove علىupon فننa branch
ما غردت قمرية على فنن
May you endure for the kingdom, never passing away,
as long as a turtledove sings upon a branch.
Sol 6.1