أَلَمْdid ... not? أَكُI be لِلْقَوافِيto the rhymes الْغُرِّthe radiant خدْناًan intimate
أَلَمْ أَكُ لِلْقَوافِي الْغُرِّ خدْناً
وَقِرْناًand a rival لَنْnever يُرامَbe assailed وَلَنْand never يُرازاbe tested
وَقِرْناً لَنْ يُرامَ وَلَنْ يُرازا
Was I not an intimate of radiant rhymes,
and a rival none could assail or put to the test?
أَبِيتُI spend the night أَرُوضُهاI train them طَوْراًat times وَطَوْراًand at times
أَبِيتُ أَرُوضُها طَوْراً وَطَوْراً
أُذَلِّلُهاI tame them صِعاباًunruly أَوْor عِزازاstubborn
أُذَلِّلُها صِعاباً أَوْ عِزازا
I spend the night schooling them, now this way, now that,
taming them, whether unruly or stubborn.
تَكادُthey almost تَئِنُّgroan مِنْfrom أَلَمٍpain إِذاwhenever ماemphatic particle
تَكادُ تَئِنُّ مِنْ أَلَمٍ إِذا ما
ثِقافُthe straightening clamp الْفِكْرِof thought عاصَرَهاsqueezes them لِزازاtightly
ثِقافُ الْفِكْرِ عاصَرَها لِزازا
They almost groan with pain whenever
thought's straightening clamp presses them tight.
أَلَسْتُam I not? إِلىto النَّدىgenerosity أُنْمىI am affiliated اعْتِزاءًby declared allegiance
أَلَسْتُ إِلى النَّدى أُنْمى اعْتِزاءً
أَلَمْdid ... not? أَكُI be بِالنَّدىby generosity أُحْمىI am protected اعْتِزازاin proud strength
أَلَمْ أَكُ بِالنَّدى أُحْمى اعْتِزازا
Am I not affiliated with generosity by declared allegiance?
Was I not shielded by generosity, in proud strength?
أَلَمْdid ... not? تُثْمِرْbear fruit يَدُthe hand الْمَعْرُوفِof kindness عِنْدِيwith me
أَلَمْ تُثْمِرْ يَدُ الْمَعْرُوفِ عِنْدِي
وَقَدْand indeed طابَتْit prospered غِراساًin planting أَوْor غِرازاin setting shoots
وَقَدْ طابَتْ غِراساً أَوْ غِرازا
Has not the hand of kindness borne fruit with me,
its planting—or setting of shoots—having prospered?
فَكَيْفَso how يَجُوزُis it permissible أَنْthat أَعْدُوI pass over صَنِيعاًa kindness
فَكَيْفَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ أَعْدُو صَنِيعاً
عَداsurpassed حَدَّthe bounds السَّماحِof generosity بِهِتastonished (unclear reading) وَجازاand passed beyond
عَدا حَدَّ السَّماحِ بِهِت وَجازا
How, then, could I pass over a kindness
that surpassed generosity's bounds, left one astonished, and went beyond?
وَكَمْand how many مِنْof جاهِدٍa striver قَدْindeed رامَsought عَفْوِيmy effortless expression
وَكَمْ مِنْ جاهِدٍ قَدْ رامَ عَفْوِي
فَماyet not بَلَغَتْreached حَقِيقَتُهُhis literal expression الْمَجازاthe figurative
فَما بَلَغَتْ حَقِيقَتُهُ الْمَجازا
How many a striver has sought what comes to me effortlessly,
yet his literal expression never reached my metaphor.
يَرُومُhe seeks بِعَجْزِهِthrough his inadequacy الإِعْجازَinimitability جَهْلاًignorantly
يَرُومُ بِعَجْزِهِ الإِعْجازَ جَهْلاً
وَكَيْفَand how يَصِيدُcan one catch بِالْكَرَوانِwith a curlew بازاa hawk
وَكَيْفَ يَصِيدُ بِالْكَرَوانِ بازا
In ignorance, he seeks inimitability through his own inadequacy;
how could one catch a hawk with a curlew?
سأَبْسُطُI shall unfurl فِيin الثَّناءِpraise لِسانَa tongue صِدْقٍof truth
سأَبْسُطُ فِي الثَّناءِ لِسانَ صِدْقٍ
يَطُولُit extends بِهِthrough it ارْتِجالاًin improvisation وارْتِجازاand in rajaz verse
يَطُولُ بِهِ ارْتِجالاً وارْتِجازا
I shall unfurl, in praise, a truthful tongue,
reaching far through that praise in improvisation and rajaz verse.
يَعُبُّgulps down عُبابُهُits surge بَحْراًa sea خِضَمَّاًvast and deep
يَعُبُّ عُبابُهُ بَحْراً خِضَمَّاً
وَيَبِتُكُand severs حَدُّهُits edge عَضْباًa keen sword جُرازاshearing
وَيَبِتُكُ حَدُّهُ عَضْباً جُرازا
Its surge gulps down a vast, deep sea,
and its edge severs a keen, shearing sword.
لَعَلِّيperhaps I أَنْthat يَفُوزَmay win بِسَعْدِthrough the good fortune of مَدْحِيmy praise
لَعَلِّي أَنْ يَفُوزَ بِسَعْدِ مَدْحِي
فَتىًa young man سَعِدَprospered الزَّمانTime بِهِthrough him وَفازاand triumphed
فَتىً سَعِدَ الزَّمان بِهِ وَفازا
I hope the good fortune of my praise may be won
by a young man through whom Time has prospered and triumphed,
فَأَجْزِيَso I may repay سَيِّدَthe lord الرُّؤَساءِof the leaders نُعْمىa benefaction
فَأَجْزِيَ سَيِّدَ الرُّؤَساءِ نُعْمى
لَهُof his عِنْدِيwith me وَجَلَّتْand it was too great أَنْto تُجازاbe repaid
لَهُ عِنْدِي وَجَلَّتْ أَنْ تُجازا
so I may repay the lord of leaders for a benefaction
he bestowed on me, too great to be repaid.
وَمَنْand who لِيfor me أَنْto أَقُومَI undertake لَهاfor it بِشُكْرٍwith thanks
وَمَنْ لِي أَنْ أَقُومَ لَها بِشُكْرٍ
وَأَنْand to أُغْرِيI spur بِماwith what أَعِدُI promise النّجازاfulfillment
وَأَنْ أُغْرِي بِما أَعِدُ النّجازا
And who can help me render it due thanks,
and spur fulfillment to match what I promise?
عَنَتْنِيit burdened me لاnot الثَّناءَpraise لَهاfor it مُطِيقاًable
عَنَتْنِي لا الثَّناءَ لَها مُطِيقاً
وَلاnor كُفْرانُهاingratitude for it لِيfor me مُسْتَجازاpermissible
وَلا كُفْرانُها لِي مُسْتَجازا
It has burdened me: I am unable to praise it duly,
nor may I deem ingratitude for it permissible.
رَأَىhe saw بَيْنِيbetween me وَبَيْنَand between الدَّهْرِTime حَرْباًa war
رَأَى بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ الدَّهْرِ حَرْباً
أُكابِدُهاI endure it نِزالاًin battle أَوْor بِرازاin single combat
أُكابِدُها نِزالاً أَوْ بِرازا
He saw a war between me and Time,
which I endure in battle or single combat.
تَتُوقُyearn إِلىfor الْغُمُودِthe sheaths الْبِيضُthe bright swords فِيهاin it
تَتُوقُ إِلى الْغُمُودِ الْبِيضُ فِيها
وَتَشْتاقُand long الرِّماحُthe spears بِهاin it الرِّكازاto be planted
وَتَشْتاقُ الرِّماحُ بِها الرِّكازا
In it, bright swords yearn for their sheaths,
and spears long to be planted in the ground.
فَأَصْلَتَso he unsheathed مِنْfrom مَكارِمِهِhis noble deeds حُساماًa keen sword
فَأَصْلَتَ مِنْ مَكارِمِهِ حُساماً
يَجُبُّcuts off غَوارِبَthe crests النُّوَبِof calamities احْتِزازاby slicing
يَجُبُّ غَوارِبَ النُّوَبِ احْتِزازا
So he unsheathed a sword from his noble deeds,
which slices away calamities' towering crests.
حَمىhe sheltered وَهَمىand showered bounty فَعُذْتُso I sought refuge وَلُذْتُand I sought shelter مِنْهُfrom him
حَمى وَهَمى فَعُذْتُ وَلُذْتُ مِنْهُ
بِأَكْرَمِwith the noblest مَنْof those who أَجارَgave protection وَمَنْand those who أَجازاbestowed rewards
بِأَكْرَمِ مَنْ أَجارَ وَمَنْ أَجازا
He sheltered and showered bounty; I turned to him for refuge and shelter,
the noblest giver of protection and rewards.
وَإِنِّيand I مُذْever since تَحَدَّتْنِيchallenged me اللَّيالِيthe nights
وَإِنِّي مُذْ تَحَدَّتْنِي اللَّيالِي
لَمُنْحازٌam surely aligned إِلىwith الْكَرَمِgenerosity انْحِيازاin firm allegiance
لَمُنْحازٌ إِلى الْكَرَمِ انْحِيازا
And ever since the nights challenged me,
I have resolutely aligned myself with generosity,
إِلىtoward مُتَوَحِّدٍone unrivaled بِالْحَمْدِin praise فاتَsurpassed الْthe
إِلى مُتَوَحِّدٍ بِالْحَمْدِ فاتَ الْ
كِرامَnoble men بِهِin it اخْتِصاصاًin singular distinction وامْتِيازاand preeminence
كِرامَ بِهِ اخْتِصاصاً وامْتِيازا
with one unrivaled in praise, who surpassed the
noble in his unique claim to it and his distinction.
أَعَمُّهُمُthe most encompassing of them إِذاwhen كَرُمُواthey are generous سماحاًin largesse
أَعَمُّهُمُ إِذا كَرُمُوا سماحاً
وَأَثْقَلُهُمْand the weightiest of them إِذاwhen حَلُمُواthey are forbearing مَرازاin measured worth
وَأَثْقَلُهُمْ إِذا حَلُمُوا مَرازا
The most encompassing in largesse when they are generous,
and the weightiest in mettle when they show forbearance.
عَلِيٌّtoo lofty أَنْto يُطاوَلَbe rivaled in height أَوْor يُساماbe matched
عَلِيٌّ أَنْ يُطاوَلَ أَوْ يُساما
أَبِيٌtoo proud أَنْto يُماثَلَbe equaled أَوْor يُوازاbe paralleled
أَبِيٌ أَنْ يُماثَلَ أَوْ يُوازا
Too lofty to be rivaled in height or matched,
too proud to be equaled or set alongside another.
أَقَلُّthe least النّاسِof people بِالْمالِwith wealth احْتِفالاًconcerned
أَقَلُّ النّاسِ بِالْمالِ احْتِفالاً
وَأَكْثَرُهُمْand the most of them عَلىover الْمَجْدِglory احْتِرازاvigilant
وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ عَلى الْمَجْدِ احْتِرازا
Of all men, he cares the least for wealth,
and is most vigilant in guarding glory.
تَهُونُis easy طَرِيقُthe path سائِلِهof his petitioner إِلَيْهِto him
تَهُونُ طَرِيقُ سائِلِه إِلَيْهِ
وَإِنْand even if عَزَّhe is hard to reach احْتِجاباًin seclusion وَاحْتِجازاand guarded reserve
وَإِنْ عَزَّ احْتِجاباً وَاحْتِجازا
His petitioner's road to him is easy,
though seclusion and guarded reserve make him hard to reach.
فَتىًa young man لَمْdid not يَسْتَكِنْsubmit لِلدَّهْرِto Time يَوْماًever
فَتىً لَمْ يَسْتَكِنْ لِلدَّهْرِ يَوْماً
وَلَمْand did not تَضِقِconstrict الْخُطُوبُthe calamities بِهِaround him الْتزازاtightly
وَلَمْ تَضِقِ الْخُطُوبُ بِهِ الْتزازا
A young man who has never bowed to Time,
nor have calamities ever hemmed him tightly in.
وَلَمْand did not يَكُbe جُودُهُhis generosity فَلَتاتِthe lapses غِرٍّof an unwary man
وَلَمْ يَكُ جُودُهُ فَلَتاتِ غِرٍّ
أُبادِرُI hasten فُرْصَةًan opportunity مِنْهاamong them انْتِهازاto seize
أُبادِرُ فُرْصَةً مِنْها انْتِهازا
His generosity was never the lapses of an unwary man,
from which I rushed to snatch an opportunity.
صَلِيبٌunyielding حِينَwhen تَعْجُمُهُthey test him by biting اللَّيالِيthe nights
صَلِيبٌ حِينَ تَعْجُمُهُ اللَّيالِي
وَغَيْرُand other than النَّبْعِnabʿ bow-wood يَنْغَمِزُyields انْغِمازاunder pressure
وَغَيْرُ النَّبْعِ يَنْغَمِزُ انْغِمازا
Unyielding when the nights bite to test him,
while wood other than nabʿ yields under pressure.
يُغالِبُهاhe overcomes them اقْتِداراًwith power واقْتِساراًand compulsion
يُغالِبُها اقْتِداراً واقْتِساراً
وَيَسْلُبُهاand strips them ابْتِذالاًby abasement وابْتِزازاand seizure
وَيَسْلُبُها ابْتِذالاً وابْتِزازا
He overcomes them with power and compulsion,
and plunders them by abasement and seizure.
عُلىًglories تُقْذِيput grit in الْعُيُونَthe eyes مِنَof الأَعادِيthe enemies
عُلىً تُقْذِي الْعُيُونَ مِنَ الأَعادِي
وَتُنْبِتُand make grow فِيin قُلُوبِهِمُtheir hearts الْحَزازاrancor
وَتُنْبِتُ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الْحَزازا
Glories that cast grit into the eyes of enemies
and make rancor grow within their hearts.
أَباO Abu (father of) الذَّوادِal-Dhawwad كَمْhow many لِيfor me مِنْof مَقامٍan audience
أَبا الذَّوادِ كَمْ لِي مِنْ مَقامٍ
لدَيْكَwith you وَكَمْand how much أَفادَit benefited وكَمْand how often أَفازاit brought success
لدَيْكَ وَكَمْ أَفادَ وكَمْ أَفازا
Abu al-Dhawwad, how many a visit have I made
to you—and how much it gained me, how often it brought success!
أُغِيرُI raid عَلَىupon نَداكَyour bounty وَكانَand it was حَقَّاًright
أُغِيرُ عَلَى نَداكَ وَكانَ حَقَّاً
لِجُودِكَfor your generosity أَنْto يُغاوَرَbe raided أَوْor يُغازاbe assailed
لِجُودِكَ أَنْ يُغاوَرَ أَوْ يُغازا
I raid your bounty; it is only right
for your generosity to be raided or assailed.
وَماand there is no لِسَوامِfor the grazing herds of وَفْرِكَyour wealth مِنْكَfrom you حامٍguardian
وَما لِسَوامِ وَفْرِكَ مِنْكَ حامٍ
فَيَأْمَنَso that it might be safe سَرْحُهُits roaming herd مِنِّيfrom me اخْتِزازاfrom seizure
فَيَأْمَنَ سَرْحُهُ مِنِّي اخْتِزازا
Your grazing herds of wealth have no guardian in you,
to keep their roaming flock safe from my seizure.
عَمَمْتَyou encompassed الشّامَal-Sham صَوْبَwith a shower of حَياًlife-giving rain فَلمّاand when
عَمَمْتَ الشّامَ صَوْبَ حَياً فَلمّا
تَرَوّىdrank its fill الشّامُal-Sham ناهَضْتَyou advanced toward الْحِجازاthe Hijaz
تَرَوّى الشّامُ ناهَضْتَ الْحِجازا
You drenched al-Sham with life-giving rain; when
al-Sham had drunk its fill, you advanced toward the Hijaz.
أُتِيحَwas granted لَهُto it وَقُيِّضَand was appointed مِنْكَfrom you غَيْثٌlife-giving rain
أُتِيحَ لَهُ وَقُيِّضَ مِنْكَ غَيْثٌ
حَوىit gathered خِصْبَthe fertility الزَّمانِof Time بِهِthrough it وَحازاand possessed
حَوى خِصْبَ الزَّمانِ بِهِ وَحازا
A life-giving rain from you was granted and assigned to it,
through which it gathered and possessed the fertility of Time.
فَأَمْطَرَهُso it showered it with النَّدىgenerosity لاnot ماءَwater from مُزْنٍclouds
فَأَمْطَرَهُ النَّدى لا ماءَ مُزْنٍ
وَأَنْبَتَهُand made it grow الْغِنىwealth لاnot الْخازَبازاkhazabaz herbage
وَأَنْبَتَهُ الْغِنى لا الْخازَبازا
It showered it with generosity, not water from clouds,
and made wealth sprout there, not khazabaz herbage.
سَقىit watered بَطْحاءَthe gravel plain of مَكَّةَMecca فَالْمُصَلّىthen the prayer ground
سَقى بَطْحاءَ مَكَّةَ فَالْمُصَلّى
وَرَوَّضَand made meadows of سَهْلَthe plain of طَيْبَةَTaybah وَالْعَزازاand the stony ground
وَرَوَّضَ سَهْلَ طَيْبَةَ وَالْعَزازا
It watered Mecca's gravel plain, then the prayer ground,
and made meadows of Taybah's plains and stony ground.
وَكُنْتَand you were إِذاwhenever وَطِئْتَyou trod تُرابَthe soil أَرْضٍof a land
وَكُنْتَ إِذا وَطِئْتَ تُرابَ أَرْضٍ
رَباit swelled بِنَداكَwith your bounty واهْتَزَّand stirred اهْتِزازاvigorously
رَبا بِنَداكَ واهْتَزَّ اهْتِزازا
Whenever you trod the soil of a land,
it swelled with your bounty and stirred with vigor.
إِذاif لَمْdid not تَرْوِهاwater it الأَنْواءُthe rain-bearing stars قَصْداًdirectly
إِذا لَمْ تَرْوِها الأَنْواءُ قَصْداً
كَفاهاit sufficed for it أَنْthat تَمُرَّyou pass بِهاthrough it اجْتِيازاin passing
كَفاها أَنْ تَمُرَّ بِها اجْتِيازا
If the rain-bearing stars did not water it directly,
your merely passing through was enough for it.
رَأَىsaw الْحُجّاجُthe pilgrims يَوْمَon the day حَجَجْتyou made pilgrimage بَدْراًa full moon
رَأَى الْحُجّاجُ يَوْمَ حَجَجْت بَدْراً
وَبَحْراًand a sea لَنْnever يغامَbe clouded وَلَنْand never يُجازاbe crossed
وَبَحْراً لَنْ يغامَ وَلَنْ يُجازا
The pilgrims saw, on the day you made pilgrimage, a full moon
and a sea: the one never clouded, the other never crossed.
سُقُواthey were watered وَرُعُواand given pasture بِجُودِكَby your bounty لاwithout اسْتِقاءًdrawing water
سُقُوا وَرُعُوا بِجُودِكَ لا اسْتِقاءً
أَياO جَمَّabundant in السَّماحِlargesse وَلاand without احْتِيازاacquisition
أَيا جَمَّ السَّماحِ وَلا احْتِيازا
They were watered and pastured by your bounty without drawing water,
O lavish in largesse, or acquiring provisions.
أَجَزْتَهُمُyou led them past الْمَخافَةَfear لَمْnot يُرابُواwere they troubled
أَجَزْتَهُمُ الْمَخافَةَ لَمْ يُرابُوا
بِهاby it رَيْباًany misgiving وَمِثْلُكَand one like you مَنْis one who أَجازاgives safe passage
بِها رَيْباً وَمِثْلُكَ مَنْ أَجازا
You led them safely past fear; they were not troubled
by any misgiving there—and one like you grants safe passage.
وَأَرْهَبُand most fearsome ماwhen يَكُونُis السَّيْفُthe sword حَدَّاًin edge
وَأَرْهَبُ ما يَكُونُ السَّيْفُ حَدَّاً
إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle فارَقَleft السَّيْفُthe sword الجَهازاthe trappings
إِذا ما فارَقَ السَّيْفُ الجَهازا
A sword's edge is at its most fearsome
when the sword has left its trappings behind.
وَكَمْand how many لَكَare yours حِجَّةًa pilgrimage لَمْnot تَدْعُyou summoned فِيهاduring it
وَكَمْ لَكَ حِجَّةً لَمْ تَدْعُ فِيها
إِلىto الْوَخْدِbrisk striding الْمُضَبَّرَةَthe sturdily built camels الْكِنازاthe thickset
إِلى الْوَخْدِ الْمُضَبَّرَةَ الْكِنازا
How many a pilgrimage is yours, on which you never summoned
the stout, thickset camels to stride briskly!
صَنائِعُbenefactions كَمْhow often رَفَعَتَyou raised بِهاthrough them مَناراًa beacon
صَنائِعُ كَمْ رَفَعَتَ بِها مَناراً
لِفَخْرٍof pride واتَّخَذْتَand you made بِهاthrough them مَفازاa path to success
لِفَخْرٍ واتَّخَذْتَ بِها مَفازا
Benefactions: how often through them you raised a beacon
of pride, and made through them a path to success!
وَماand not جاراكَrivaled you فِيin فَضْلٍexcellence فَخارٌvaunting pride
وَما جاراكَ فِي فَضْلٍ فَخارٌ
فَلَمْand did not تَجْتَزْyou pass beyond مَدىthe limits الْفَضْلِof excellence اجْتِيازاcompletely
فَلَمْ تَجْتَزْ مَدى الْفَضْلِ اجْتِيازا
No vaunting glory raced you in excellence
without your sweeping beyond excellence's furthest bounds.
وَلاnor ساماكَvied with you فِيin عَلْياءَlofty eminence إِلاّexcept
وَلا ساماكَ فِي عَلْياءَ إِلاّ
وَفُزْتَand you triumphed بِهاin it انْفِراداًalone وَانْفِرازاand set apart
وَفُزْتَ بِها انْفِراداً وَانْفِرازا
Nor did it vie with you on any lofty height
without your winning it alone and set apart.
لَبِسْتَyou donned مِنَof الْفَضائِلِthe virtues ثَوْبَa robe فَخْرٍof pride
لَبِسْتَ مِنَ الْفَضائِلِ ثَوْبَ فَخْرٍ
وَلكِنْbut كُنْتَyou were أَنْتَyou yourself لَهُfor it الطِّرازاthe embroidery
وَلكِنْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ لَهُ الطِّرازا
You donned a robe of glory made of virtues,
yet you yourself were its embroidery.
Sol 6.1