باتتshe spent the night تروِّحنيrefreshing me بنشرِwith the spreading of عبيرهاher perfume
باتت تروِّحني بنشرِ عبيرها
بيضاءُa fair woman تطويshe eclipses النيّرينِthe two luminaries بنورِهاwith her light
بيضاءُ تطوي النيّرينِ بنورِها
All night she refreshed me with the wafting of her perfume,
a fair one whose light eclipses the two luminaries.
وجلتand she unveiled عليَّbefore me مدامةًwine بمفاصليin my joints
وجلت عليَّ مدامةً بمفاصلي
منهاfrom it وجدتُI felt فُتورَthe languor of عينthe eye of مُديرِهاits cupbearer
منها وجدتُ فُتورَ عين مُديرِها
She unveiled wine before me; in my joints
I felt from it the languor of its cupbearer's eye.
ورأيتُand I saw شُعلةَthe flame of خدِّهاher cheek فيin كأسهاher cup
ورأيتُ شُعلةَ خدِّها في كأسها
قدalready أوجستهاhad sensed it مهجتيmy heart بضميرهاin its secret depths
قد أوجستها مهجتي بضميرها
I saw the flame of her cheek in her cup,
which my heart had already sensed in its secret depths.
وغدتand she began تفاكهنيbantering with me عشيَّةone evening أقبلتshe approached
وغدت تفاكهني عشيَّة أقبلت
بفنونِwith varieties of دلٍّcoquetry بتُّI spent the night طوعَobedient to غُرورهاher beguilement
بفنونِ دلٍّ بتُّ طوعَ غُرورها
She began to banter with me one evening, approaching
with arts of coquetry; all night I yielded to her beguilement.
فرَنتthen she gazed بناظرتيinto my eye عقيلةthe choicest of رَبربٍa gazelle herd
فرَنت بناظرتي عقيلة رَبربٍ
بكَرتshe set out early تريعُreturning إلىto نِطافِthe clear waters of غديرهاher pool
بكَرت تريعُ إلى نِطافِ غديرها
Then the choicest of a gazelle herd gazed into my eye,
having set out early to return to her pool's clear waters.
ودنتand she drew near إليَّto me وأسفرتand unveiled عنfrom وجنةٍa cheek
ودنت إليَّ وأسفرت عن وجنةٍ
حسداًout of envy تموتdies الشمسُthe sun عندat سفورهاher unveiling
حسداً تموت الشمسُ عند سفورها
She drew near me and unveiled a cheek
at whose unveiling the sun dies of envy.
وصفتshe depicted لعينيfor my eye فيin بدايعِthe wonders of حسنِهاher beauty
وصفت لعيني في بدايعِ حسنِها
حورَthe houris of الجنانِParadise فخلتُهاso I imagined her منamong حورهاits houris
حورَ الجنانِ فخلتُها من حورها
In the wonders of her beauty she depicted for my eye
the houris of Paradise, and I fancied her one of them.
ثمthen انثنتshe turned away خجلاًin shyness تصدُّturning aside بمقلةٍwith an eye
ثم انثنت خجلاً تصدُّ بمقلةٍ
سرقتthat stole منfrom الآرامthe white gazelles لحظَthe glance of غريرهاtheir guileless young
سرقت من الآرام لحظَ غريرها
Then she turned away, bashfully averting an eye
that had stolen from white gazelles the glance of their guileless young.
وتبسَّمتand she smiled سرًّاsecretly فأومضَthen flashed بارقٌlightning
وتبسَّمت سرًّا فأومضَ بارقٌ
لعذيبfor the sweetness of مبسمهاher smiling mouth قضىproclaimed بسرورهاher joy
لعذيب مبسمها قضى بسرورها
She smiled secretly, and lightning flashed
at her sweet smiling mouth, proclaiming her joy.
فأضاءَso it illuminated ليلةَthe night of وصلِهاunion with her حتَّىuntil غدتit became
فأضاءَ ليلةَ وصلِها حتَّى غدت
لاno فرقَdifference بيتhouse; apparently 'between' عشيِّهاits evening وبُكورهاand its early morning
لا فرقَ بيت عشيِّها وبُكورها
It lit the night of union with her, until there was
no difference between its evening and its dawn.
فتغيّرتso she changed خوفَfrom fear of الرقيبِthe watcher لعلمهاbecause she knew
فتغيّرت خوفَ الرقيبِ لعلمها
بمكانِهاof her place منّيwith me يشيhe would tell لغيورهاto her jealous one
بمكانِها منّي يشي لغيورها
Then she changed, fearing the watcher, for she knew
he would tell her jealous one of her place beside me.
فتسترتso she concealed herself بظفائرٍwith tresses لوif تحتهاbeneath them
فتسترت بظفائرٍ لو تحتها
سرتtraveled الكواكبُthe stars ماnot اهتدتthey found their way لمسيرهاon their course
سرت الكواكبُ ما اهتدت لمسيرها
She concealed herself in tresses beneath which, had
the stars traveled, they would not have found their way.
باتتthey spent the night ترفرفُfluttering بينamong أنفاسِthe breaths of الصَباthe east wind
باتت ترفرفُ بين أنفاسِ الصَبا
وتضوعُand wafting fragrance بينbetween ورودِهاits arrivals وصُدورِهاand its departures
وتضوعُ بين ورودِها وصُدورِها
Her tresses fluttered all night amid the east wind's breaths,
wafting fragrance as it came and went,
حتَّىuntil لقدindeed حَمِلتit carried شذاًa fragrance منfrom عرفِهاher scent
حتَّى لقد حَمِلت شذاً من عرفِها
أشفقتُI feared تعرفهwould recognize it الورىpeople بعبيرهاby her perfume
أشفقتُ تعرفه الورى بعبيرها
until it carried an aroma from her scent
that I feared people would recognize by her perfume.
فوددتُso I wished أقطعto cut off كفَّthe hand of ماشطةِthe hairdresser of الصبthe lovesick one; apparently 'east wind'
فوددتُ أقطع كفَّ ماشطةِ الصب
كيso that لاnot ترجِّلshe would comb شعرهاher hair بمرورهاas she passed
كي لا ترجِّل شعرها بمرورها
So I wished to cut off the east wind's hairdressing hand,
lest it comb her hair as it passed.
ولئنand even if ظننتُI thought; apparently 'begrudged' علىto النسيمthe breeze بهاher فلاthen no
ولئن ظننتُ على النسيم بها فلا
عجبٌcause for wonder ولوeven if وافىit arrived بوقتِat the time of هجيرهاher midday heat
عجبٌ ولو وافى بوقتِ هجيرها
And if I begrudged her to the breeze, there is no
cause for wonder, even had it come in her midday heat.
فبمقلتيthen in my eye لوif لمnot أخفI feared إنسانَهاits pupil; its 'person'
فبمقلتي لو لم أخف إنسانَها
لحجبتُهاI would have hidden her عنfrom لحظِthe glance of عينِthe eye of سميرهاher night companion
لحجبتُها عن لحظِ عينِ سميرها
Within my eye, had I not feared its pupil, its 'person',
I would have hidden her from her night companion's glance.
وكذبتُand I lied ماthere is no فيin العينthe eye إنسانٌa person; a pupil ولاnor
وكذبتُ ما في العين إنسانٌ ولا
فيin العالمينَthe two worlds صغيرِهاtheir lesser وكبيرِهاand their greater
في العالمينَ صغيرِها وكبيرِها
But I lied: there is no person in the eye, nor
in the two worlds, their lesser and their greater.
منfrom أينwhere إنسانٌa person; a pupil لعينيfor my eye غيرُهاother than her
من أين إنسانٌ لعيني غيرُها
والناسand humankind غيرother than أبيAbu (father of) الحسينِal-Husayn أميرهاtheir prince
والناس غير أبي الحسينِ أميرها
Whence could my eye have a person other than her,
or humanity one other than Abu al-Husayn, its prince?
ألهاdoes it have أميرٌa prince فيin البلاغةِeloquence غيرهother than him
ألها أميرٌ في البلاغةِ غيره
وبهاand through it تشيرpoints إليهِto him كفُّthe hand of مشيرهاits guide; its pointer
وبها تشير إليهِ كفُّ مشيرها
Has eloquence any prince other than him?
And through it its guide's hand points to him.
ولئنand even if إليهto him غَدتit came تشيرُto point فإنَّهاthen it
ولئن إليه غَدت تشيرُ فإنَّها
ماnot أدركتهُit comprehended him بفكرِهاwith its thought لقصورِهاbecause of its inadequacy
ما أدركتهُ بفكرِها لقصورِها
Though it came to point toward him, it
could not comprehend him in its thought, through its inadequacy.
بلrather عينthe eye of فكرتِهاits thought رأتsaw إنسانthe person; the pupil عfirst fragment of 'eye'
بل عين فكرتِها رأت إنسان ع
ينremaining fragment of 'eye' زمانهhis age فيin نورهhis light لاnot نورهاits light
ين زمانه في نوره لا نورها
Rather, its mind's eye saw the pupil of
his age's eye, in his light, not its own.
فرأتso it saw مناقبَvirtues منهin him فاروقيّةFaruqi; Faruq-like
فرأت مناقبَ منه فاروقيّة
ماnot أنindeed (emphatic) تزيَّنتِwas adorned السماheaven بنظيرهاwith their like
ما أن تزيَّنتِ السما بنظيرها
It saw in him Faruqi virtues,
whose like had never adorned the heavens;
ومآثراًand deeds عُمريَّةًUmari; Umar-like بقليلهاwith their few
ومآثراً عُمريَّةً بقليلها
كثرتoutnumbered عدادthe count of الشهبِthe stars لاnot بكثيرهاwith their many
كثرت عداد الشهبِ لا بكثيرها
and Umari deeds, whose few alone
outnumbered the stars, without counting their many;
وخلائقاًand noble qualities رشفتsipped سُلافتَهاtheir pure wine الورىhumankind
وخلائقاً رشفت سُلافتَها الورى
فغدتso it became بهاon it سَكرىdrunk ليومِuntil the day of نشورهاits resurrection
فغدت بها سَكرى ليومِ نشورها
and noble qualities whose pure wine humankind had sipped,
and so was drunk on it until the day of its resurrection.
هيهاتَfar removed بنتُthe daughter of الكرمِthe vine منهاfrom it إنَّهاindeed it is
هيهاتَ بنتُ الكرمِ منها إنَّها
بنتُthe daughter of المكارمِnoble deeds قدindeed ذكتgrew fragrant بعبيرهاwith their perfume
بنتُ المكارمِ قد ذكت بعبيرها
How far the daughter of the vine falls short of it! This is
the daughter of noble deeds, rich with their perfume,
محلوبةًmilked منfrom كرمِهاtheir generosity مشمولةًcooled
محلوبةً من كرمِها مشمولةً
بنسيمِهاby their breeze ممزوجةًmingled بنميرِهاwith their sweet water
بنسيمِها ممزوجةً بنميرِها
milked from their generosity, cooled
by their breeze, mingled with their sweet water.
نَفَحتit bestowed بعارفةٍwith a favor عليَّupon me خطيرةٍprecious
نَفَحت بعارفةٍ عليَّ خطيرةٍ
قدalready أفحمتhad silenced منّيin me لسانَthe tongue of شكورهاits grateful recipient
قد أفحمت منّي لسانَ شكورها
It bestowed on me a precious favor
that struck my grateful tongue speechless.
باتتit stayed the night لديَّwith me ولستand I do not أكفرهاdeny it يداًa benefaction
باتت لديَّ ولست أكفرها يداً
ماnot للغمامِthe clouds have يدٌa bounty بفيضِin the outpouring of غَزيرهاits abundance
ما للغمامِ يدٌ بفيضِ غَزيرها
It stayed with me; I do not deny its bounty,
a bounty the clouds cannot match in its lavish outpouring.
جذَبتit pulled بضبعيby my upper arm فارتقيتُso I ascended بهاthrough it علىabove
جذَبت بضبعي فارتقيتُ بها على
هامِthe heights of المجرّةthe Milky Way رافلاًtrailing splendid robes بحبيرهاin its brocade
هامِ المجرّة رافلاً بحبيرها
It pulled me by the upper arm, and through it I rose above
the heights of the Milky Way, trailing its brocade.
فلوeven if أنthat أعضائيmy limbs تحوَّلturned into ألسناًtongues
فلو أن أعضائي تحوَّل ألسناً
تثنيpraising عليهhim إلىuntil انقطاعthe ending of دهورهاtheir ages
تثني عليه إلى انقطاع دهورها
Even if my limbs turned into tongues
praising him until their ages ended,
بقصائدٍwith poems حبَّاتُthe beads of قلبيmy heart لفظهاtheir words
بقصائدٍ حبَّاتُ قلبي لفظها
وسوادand the blackness of أحداقيmy pupils مدادthe ink of سُطورهاtheir lines
وسواد أحداقي مداد سُطورها
with poems whose words were the beads of my heart,
and whose lines had the black of my pupils for ink,
ماnot كنتُI would be أبلغattaining شكرَهthanks due to him فيهاin them ولوeven if
ما كنتُ أبلغ شكرَه فيها ولو
أنَّيthat I ملأَتُfilled الكونَthe universe فيin تحريرِهاtheir writing
أنَّي ملأَتُ الكونَ في تحريرِها
I would not render him full thanks in them, even if
I filled the universe with their writing.
أمor كيفhow أشكرُهcan I thank him الصنيعةَthe benefaction بالثناwith praise
أم كيف أشكرُه الصنيعةَ بالثنا
ومتىand when يقومُcan match حقيرُهits small worth بخطيرهاto its great worth
ومتى يقومُ حقيرُه بخطيرها
Or how could I thank him for his benefaction with praise,
and when could its paltry worth match the gift's great value?
معconsidering أنَّهthat it مُفضٍleads لماto what لاnever يَنتهيends
مع أنَّه مُفضٍ لما لا يَنتهي
ومنand among الأُمورِthe undertakings بهin it ارتكابattempting عسيرهاtheir hardest
ومن الأُمورِ به ارتكاب عسيرها
Especially as it leads to what has no end,
and attempting it is among the hardest undertakings.
فالحقُّso the right course فيهin this أنto أُحبِّرI embellish مِدحةًa panegyric
فالحقُّ فيه أن أُحبِّر مِدحةً
أشكرهI thank him فيin أُخرىanother علىfor تَحبيرِهاits composition
أشكره في أُخرى على تَحبيرِها
The proper course, then, is to craft a panegyric,
and thank him in another for having fashioned it,
إذsince منfrom معادنthe mines of فضلِهhis excellence نظَّمتُهاI composed it
إذ من معادن فضلِه نظَّمتُها
وبهand through him اهتديتُI was guided إلىto التقاطِgathering شذورهاits golden fragments
وبه اهتديتُ إلى التقاطِ شذورها
since I composed it from the mines of his excellence,
and through him was guided to gather its golden fragments.
هوhe ذاكthat one مُنتجعthe resort of الفصاحةِeloquence مُجتبىthe gathering-place of
هو ذاك مُنتجع الفصاحةِ مُجتبى
ثمرِthe fruit of البلاغةِrhetoric مُستمِدُّdrawing upon غزيرهاits abundance
ثمرِ البلاغةِ مُستمِدُّ غزيرها
He is that resort of eloquence, the gathering-place of
rhetoric's fruit, drawing upon its abundance.
ربُّmaster of القوافيthe rhymes السائراتِfar-traveling بحيثُso that لمnot
ربُّ القوافي السائراتِ بحيثُ لم
يقطعtraversed نهايةَthe end of سيرِهاtheir journey ابنُIbn (son of) أثيرهاtheir Athir; their ether
يقطع نهايةَ سيرِها ابنُ أثيرها
Master of far-traveling rhymes, so far-ranging that
even their Ibn Athir has not reached their journey's end.
وكميُّand a warrior with مِزبرةٍa pen ترىyou see لُسُنَthe eloquent ones among الضُباthe sword-blades
وكميُّ مِزبرةٍ ترى لُسُنَ الضُبا
خُرساًmute إذاwhen نطقتit speaks بآيِwith the verses of زَبورهاits scripture
خُرساً إذا نطقت بآيِ زَبورها
And a warrior with the pen: you see eloquent sword-blades
struck dumb when it speaks the verses of its scripture.
لوif شاءَhe wished يوماًone day ساقhe drove أرواحَthe souls of العِدىthe enemies
لو شاءَ يوماً ساق أرواحَ العِدى
صِلةًa completing clause لموصولِfor the relative pronoun of الردىdeath بصريرهاwith its scratching
صِلةً لموصولِ الردى بصريرها
Were he one day to wish it, he would drive his enemies' souls
as a completing clause for death's relative pronoun, with its scratching.
مَنone who عنthrough لسانِthe tongue of الروحِthe spirit أصبحَhas become ناطقاًspeaking
مَن عن لسانِ الروحِ أصبحَ ناطقاً
لاnot عنthrough لسانthe tongue of لَبيدِهاits Labid وجَريرهاand its Jarir
لا عن لسان لَبيدِها وجَريرها
One who has come to speak through the tongue of the spirit,
not through the tongue of its Labid or its Jarir,
بزواهرٍwith radiant verses نجمتْthat rose like stars فأطفأso extinguished ضوؤهاtheir light
بزواهرٍ نجمتْ فأطفأ ضوؤها
شُعَلَthe flames of النجومthe stars الزُهرِbright عندat ظهورهاtheir appearance
شُعَلَ النجوم الزُهرِ عند ظهورها
with radiant verses that rose like stars, whose light extinguished
the flames of the bright stars upon their appearance.
وكأَنَّماand as though طبعتthey imprinted بمرآةِupon the mirror of السماheaven
وكأَنَّما طبعت بمرآةِ السما
بدلَinstead of الكواكبِthe stars شكلهنَّtheir shapes بنورهاwith their light
بدلَ الكواكبِ شكلهنَّ بنورها
As though they imprinted upon heaven's mirror,
in place of the stars, their shapes with their light.
لمnot يُنشهاhe fashioned them إلاَّexcept عُقوداًnecklaces ناثراًscattering; rendering as prose
لم يُنشها إلاَّ عُقوداً ناثراً
لنظيمهاof their strung verse أوor ناظماًstringing; versifying لَنثيرهاof their scattered prose
لنظيمها أو ناظماً لَنثيرها
He fashioned them only as necklaces, scattering
their strung gems or stringing their scattered ones:
مِدحاًpraises يُفضلهنَّhe favors them ماwhat is بينamong الورىhumankind
مِدحاً يُفضلهنَّ ما بين الورى
لنذيرهاfor its warner الهاديthe guide وآلِand the family of نذيرهاits warner
لنذيرها الهادي وآلِ نذيرها
praises he favors, among humankind,
for its guiding warner and the family of its warner.
حيثُwhere القوافيthe rhymes ماnot برحنthey ceased being فواركاًestranged wives
حيثُ القوافي ما برحن فواركاً
لمnot تُمنحwere granted الشعراءُthe poets غيرanything but نُفورهاtheir aversion
لم تُمنح الشعراءُ غير نُفورها
For the rhymes had never ceased to be estranged wives,
and poets were granted nothing but their aversion.
واليومَand today قدindeed صارتthey became طروقةُthe breeding-mate of فحلِهاtheir stallion
واليومَ قد صارت طروقةُ فحلِها
منهthrough him وقرَّand subsided نفارُهاtheir skittishness بمصيرهاwith their new state
منه وقرَّ نفارُها بمصيرها
Today they have become the mate of their stallion
through him, their skittishness stilled by their new estate.
مسكتgrasped خُطامthe halter of قيادهاtheir guidance يدهhis hand وهُمwhile they
مسكت خُطام قيادها يده وهُم
لمnot يَمسكواthey grasped إلاَّexcept خطامthe halter of غرورهاtheir beguilement
لم يَمسكوا إلاَّ خطام غرورها
His hand has grasped the halter that guides them, while they
have grasped only the halter of their beguilement.
ولهand he has ذكورthe males of اللفظِwording دونrather than إناثِهاtheir females
وله ذكور اللفظِ دون إناثِها
ولهمand they have إناثُthe females of اللفظِwording دونrather than ذكورهاtheir males
ولهم إناثُ اللفظِ دون ذكورها
His are the male words, not their female ones;
theirs are the female words, not their male ones.
لاmay he not زالَcease منهاfrom them ناظماًcomposing ماwhat لمnot يدعhas left
لا زالَ منها ناظماً ما لم يدع
فضلاًany superiority لأوَّلهاto their first ولاnor لأخيرهاto their last
فضلاً لأوَّلها ولا لأخيرها
May he keep composing from them what leaves
no preeminence to their first or their last.
Sol 6.1