أسناءis it the radiance of برقlightning لاحshone أمor
أسناء برق لاح أم
ثغرthe mouth of الحبيبthe beloved لناupon us ابتسمsmiled
ثغر الحبيب لنا ابتسم
Is it the radiance of lightning that shone, or
The lightning of smiles shone from the beloved's mouth
the beloved's mouth that smiled upon us?
Or was it the light of his cheek that beamed
أمor نورthe light of محياهhis face الذيwhich
أم نور محياه الذي
بجمالهthrough his beauty البدرthe full moon استتمbecame complete
بجماله البدر استتم
Or the light of his face, through whose
Or those verses on his forehead
beauty the full moon was perfected?
That dawn had inscribed
أمor تلكthose آياتsigns of الجبينthe brow
أم تلك آيات الجبين
فخلتهاso I took them for صبحاًa dawn هجمburst forth
فخلتها صبحاً هجم
Or those signs upon his brow,
You have tortured me, O branch of basil
which I took for a dawn bursting forth?
My aching heart, O friend of pain
عذبتyou tormented ياO غصنbough of النقاthe sandhill
عذبت يا غصن النقا
قلبthe heart of المحبthe lover أخيbrother of الألمpain
قلب المحب أخي الألم
You tormented, O bough of the sandhill,
And warded me off though I had not
the lover's heart, the brother of pain.
Committed a sin against you or transgressed
وصددتand you turned away عنهfrom him وماand did not جنىcommit
وصددت عنه وما جنى
ذنباًa sin لديكbefore you وماand did not اجترمdo wrong
ذنباً لديك وما اجترم
And turned away from him, though he had committed
And you made me sick just as
no sin before you, nor any crime.
You reserved your gaze for sickness
وكسوتنيand you clothed me in سقماًsickness كماjust as
وكسوتني سقماً كما
خصصتyou allotted طرفكyour gaze بالسقمsickness
خصصت طرفك بالسقم
And you clothed me in sickness, just as
So I concealed my love in shyness
you allotted languor to your gaze.
And tears betrayed what I concealed
فكتمتso I concealed حبكlove for you بالحشاwithin the breast
فكتمت حبك بالحشا
والدمعand tears باحdisclosed بماwhat اكتتمwas concealed
والدمع باح بما اكتتم
So I hid my love for you within my breast,
I know not what I experienced from you
and tears disclosed what had been concealed.
Fondness or aloofness
لمdid not أدرI know ماwhat لاقيتهُI encountered of it
لم أدر ما لاقيتهُ
منكمfrom you دلالاcoquetry أممor (apparent typo) شممhaughty pride
منكم دلالا أمم شمم
I did not know whether what I met
For the beautiful, when ruled by beauty
from you was coquetry or haughty pride.
Is not unjust
إنindeed الجميلthe beautiful one إذاwhen تحكمrules بالجماthrough beauty (word beginning)
إن الجميل إذا تحكم بالجما
لcompletion of 'beauty' فماthen does not ظلمdo wrong
ل فما ظلم
When the fair one rules through beauty,
You forgot what love had done
he does no wrong.
When we were intimate
أنسيتhave you forgotten ماwhat فعلdid الغرامpassion
أنسيت ما فعل الغرام
ونحنwhile we عندwere at الملتثمthe place of kissing
ونحن عند الملتثم
Have you forgotten what passion wrought
Where the beloved embraces me
when we were at the place of kissing,
And clings to me
حيثwhere الحبيبthe beloved معانقيembracing me
حيث الحبيب معانقي
وملازميand staying close to me بالملتزمat the Multazam
وملازمي بالملتزم
where the beloved embraced me
And I sipped from the cup of wine
and stayed close to me at the Multazam?
Giving it a mouth to mouth
ورشفتand I sipped كاسa cup of مدامةwine
ورشفت كاس مدامة
عاطيتهاI exchanged it فماًa mouth بفمwith a mouth
عاطيتها فماً بفم
And I sipped a cup of wine,
Squeezing from his cheek
exchanging it mouth to mouth;
Lips fastened with a kiss
عصرتwas pressed لناfor us منfrom خدهhis cheek
عصرت لنا من خده
وبثغرهand upon his lips الحببthe wine-bubbles انتظمformed a string
وبثغره الحبب انتظم
it was pressed for us from his cheek,
And I swear by your eyes I have not forgotten
and its bubbles were strung upon his lips.
Moments of intimacy that have passed with a kiss
وأبيكand by your father لمdid not انسI forget لويلاتٍbrief little nights
وأبيك لم انس لويلاتٍ
مضتpassed لثماًkissing وضمand embracing
مضت لثماً وضم
By your father, I have not forgotten those brief nights
By the temple, the cheek I swear and the whiteness of his teeth
that passed in kissing and embracing.
I have no sin except that
بالمحجرينby the two eye sockets وباللمىand by the lips' dusky hue
بالمحجرين وباللمى
بالخدby the cheek أقسمI swear والعنمand the ‘anam shrub
بالخد أقسم والعنم
By his two eyes and his lips' dusky hue,
I likened him to a gazelle
by his cheek and the ‘anam shrub, I swear:
He showed rejection and said in
لاno ذنبfault إلّاexcept إننيthat I
لا ذنب إلّا إنني
شبهتهI likened him to ظبيa gazelle of النعمal-Na‘am
شبهته ظبي النعم
My only fault was that I
The simile you have slipped
likened him to a gazelle of al-Na‘am.
O ignorant one, know the value of passion
أبدىhe showed الصدودaversion وقالand said فيin
أبدى الصدود وقال في
التشبيهthe comparison زلslipped بكwith you القدمthe foot
التشبيه زل بك القدم
He showed aversion and said: in
You are merely an accuser
your comparison, your foot has slipped.
You compared me to a gazelle
ياO جاهلاone ignorant of قدرthe worth of الهوىlove
يا جاهلا قدر الهوى
ماnot أنتyou إلّاexcept متهمsuspect
ما أنت إلّا متهم
O you who know nothing of love's worth,
And the gazelle is fed bitter berries
you are nothing but suspect.
And you made my neck dark
بالظبيto the gazelle قدindeed شبهتنيyou likened me
بالظبي قد شبهتني
والظبيand the gazelle مرباهits place of upbringing الاكمthe hillocks
والظبي مرباه الاكم
You have likened me to the gazelle,
While cardamom is its pasture
and the gazelle is reared among hillocks;
Who will defend me from the rejection
وجعلand made قديmy stature اسمراًa dusky spear
وجعل قدي اسمراً
واللدنand the supple shaft منبتهits growing place الأجمthe thickets
واللدن منبته الأجم
and made my stature a dusky spear,
Of the aloof one and his certainty?
and the supple shaft grows in thickets.
Relate to the keen observer As'ad
منwho منصفيwill give me justice منagainst أهيفa slender-waisted youth
من منصفي من أهيف
جرprolonged الصدودaversion وماand did not جزمcut it short
جر الصدود وما جزم
Who will give me justice against a slender youth
Abu Al-Himam, meaning Ibn As'ad
who prolongs his aversion, never cutting it short?
The one who attained the heights and by them prevailed
تحكيresemble لواحظهhis glances سيوswords (word beginning)
تحكي لواحظه سيو
فcompletion of 'swords' الأسعديal-As‘adi أبيfather of الهممhigh resolve
ف الأسعدي أبي الهمم
His glances resemble the swords
The rays of his virtue appeared as blessings upon a banner
of al-As‘adi, father of high resolve.
It is as if he were a moon shedding light
أعنيI mean ابنthe son of أسعدAs‘ad الذيwho
أعني ابن أسعد الذي
حازwon العلىeminence وبهاand through it احتكمruled
حاز العلى وبها احتكم
I mean the son of As‘ad, who
Through the darkness of generosity
won eminence and ruled through it.
Woe to his enemy when
وبدتand appeared أشعةthe rays of فضلهhis excellence
وبدت أشعة فضله
نعماًblessings تلوحgleaming علىupon علمa mountain landmark
نعماً تلوح على علم
And the rays of his excellence appeared
The Yemeni unsheathed and stormed
as blessings gleaming upon a mountain.
Or when he shook his dark spear
فكأنهso he is like قمرa moon يلوappearing (word beginning)
فكأنه قمر يلو
حcompletion of 'appearing' لناظرto a beholder بسماin the sky of الكرمgenerosity
ح لناظر بسما الكرم
As though he were a moon appearing
The sons of Ma'addi or Ghassan fled
to the beholder in the sky of generosity.
If you smelled the day of his battles
ياO راحتيهhis two palms بحقهfor his sake
يا راحتيه بحقه
رفقاgently لقدindeed عجزproved powerless القلمthe pen
رفقا لقد عجز القلم
O his two palms, for his sake,
You would forget the drawing of swords
be gentle: the pen has proved powerless.
This exalted As'ad
لاnot البحرthe sea يحكيmatches جودهhis generosity
لا البحر يحكي جوده
ياO صاحبيmy friend ولاnor الديمthe steady rains
يا صاحبي ولا الديم
The sea cannot match his generosity,
Imposing yet humble
O my friend, nor can the steady rains.
He never said no when asked
لمhave not تلقyou met سمحاa generous man مثلهlike him
لم تلق سمحا مثله
فيamong القادمينthose to come ولاnor القدمthose of old
في القادمين ولا القدم
You have met no generous man like him
Except yes
among those to come or those of old.
Noble scion of glory from
غزليmy love-poetry بعذبof the sweetness of حديثهhis discourse
غزلي بعذب حديثه
لاnot فيat العذيبal-‘Udhayb وذيand Dhu سلمSalam
لا في العذيب وذي سلم
My love-song is of his sweet discourse,
A father, brother and uncle
not of al-‘Udhayb and Dhu Salam.
They were stars and when he came
يوليbestows الطعانspear-thrusts بحربهin his warfare
يولي الطعان بحربه
وبرحبهand in his spacious court يوليbestows النعمblessings
وبرحبه يولي النعم
In his warfare he bestows spear-thrusts,
He was the full moon in the darkness of night
and in his spacious court he bestows blessings.
The exalted sang his praises
ليثa lion إذاwhen حميgrows hot الوطيسthe furnace
ليث إذا حمي الوطيس
بنقعamid the dust of حربwar واضطرمand blazes
بنقع حرب واضطرم
A lion when the furnace grows hot
Since he was weaned from suckling
amid the dust of war, and blazes;
And the fates in his garden twittered
تزكوgrows fragrant لهfor him ريحthe wind of الجلاcombat (word beginning)
تزكو له ريح الجلا
دcompletion of 'combat' كأنهاas though it were عرفthe fragrance of الخزمlavender
د كأنها عرف الخزم
for him, the wind of combat grows fragrant,
A lofty melody
as though it were the scent of lavender.
His smile blossomed and returned
ويلٌwoe لاto (word fragment) عداهhis enemies (word completion) إذاwhen
ويلٌ لا عداه إذا
سلdrew اليمانيthe Yemeni sword واقتحمand charged
سل اليماني واقتحم
Woe to his enemies when
To life from nothingness
he draws the Yemeni blade and charges,
God reward a family
أوor هزbrandished لدناa supple spear اسمراًdusky
أو هز لدنا اسمراً
خلتyou would think him ابنthe son of معديMa‘di اوor غثمGhuthm
خلت ابن معدي او غثم
or brandishes a supple, dusky spear:
Through whom glory prevailed over nations
you would think him Ibn Ma‘di or Ghuthm.
Seed of glory in which there is no
لوif شمتyou beheld يومthe day of حروبهhis battles
لو شمت يوم حروبه
لنسيتyou would surely forget تحلاقthe Shaving of اللممthe Forelocks
لنسيت تحلاق اللمم
Had you beheld the day of his battles,
Doubt or blemish
you would forget the Shaving of the Forelocks.
They are the family of Mar'ab except what
هذاthis العلي‘Ali, the exalted الاسعديal-As‘adi
هذا العلي الاسعدي
المرعبيal-Mur‘abi المحتشمthe dignified
المرعبي المحتشم
This is ‘Ali al-As‘adi,
Ancestors and generous nobles decreed
the dignified al-Mur‘abi.
They dispelled darkness with the flashes of
ماnever قالsaid لاno عندwhen استماrequesting (word beginning)
ما قال لا عند استما
حcompletion of 'requesting' نوالهhis bounty إلّاexcept نعمyes
ح نواله إلّا نعم
He never said ‘No’ when someone sought
Their swords that cleaved skulls
his bounty—only ‘Yes’.
They are warriors whose clamor
شهمa valiant man سليلscion of المجدglory عنfrom
شهم سليل المجد عن
أبٍّa father وعنand from أخٍّa brother وعممand uncles
أبٍّ وعن أخٍّ وعمم
A valiant man, heir to glory from
Cuts to the core of the deaf
father, brother, and uncles.
It is as if, when war grew fraught
كانواthey were النجومthe stars وذاand this one أتىcame
كانوا النجوم وذا أتى
كالبدرlike the full moon فيin داجيthe blackness of الظلمdarkness
كالبدر في داجي الظلم
They were the stars, and he came
And the throngs mingled in combat
like the full moon in the deepest darkness.
They were lions upon steeds
زفّتwas led as a bride لدىfor إسعادهgladdening him
زفّت لدى إسعاده
العلياءhigh honor مذsince بلغhe reached الفطمweaning age
العلياء مذ بلغ الفطم
To gladden him, there was brought as a bride
Fierce with blood
high honor, since the day he was weaned.
O Lord, whose citadel
وبروضهand in his garden هزجsang melodiously القرpoetry (word beginning)
وبروضه هزج القر
يضcompletion of 'poetry' مغرداwarbling ساميlofty in النغمmelody
يض مغردا سامي النغم
And in his garden, poetry sang,
Is inviolable sanctuary
warbling with lofty melodies.
Dictate eulogies praising the beautiful
وافترand parted in a smile مبسمهits smiling mouth وعادand returned
وافتر مبسمه وعاد
إلىto الحيوةlife منfrom العدمnothingness
إلى الحيوة من العدم
Its smiling mouth parted, and it returned
Smile of an upturned mouth
to life from nothingness.
Thirstily coming to draw
للَهto God درّexcellence (praise formula) عصابةa company
للَه درّ عصابة
بعليهمthrough their ‘Ali سادواthey ruled الأممthe nations
بعليهم سادوا الأمم
How splendid is that company,
From your palm's pouring Nile
who, through their ‘Ali, ruled the nations!
Submit yourself and always
جرثومةthe rootstock of المجدglory الذيwhich
جرثومة المجد الذي
لاno ريبdoubt فيهin it ولاand no وصمblemish
لا ريب فيه ولا وصم
The rootstock of glory, in which
Recite this Christian's eulogy
there is neither doubt nor stain.
Son of nobility, a plant nourished by your bounty
همthey آلthe house of مرعبMur‘ab إلاfirst fragment of 'the illustrious' ماmiddle fragment of 'the illustrious'
هم آل مرعب إلا ما
جدcompletion of 'the illustrious' والكرامand the generous ذووpossessors of الحكمauthority
جد والكرام ذوو الحكم
They are the house of Mur‘ab, the illustrious
Known by this banner
and the generous, holders of authority.
Never ceasing to bestow gifts
كشفواthey dispelled الدجاthe darkness بوميضwith the flash of برlightning (word beginning)
كشفوا الدجا بوميض بر
قcompletion of 'lightning' سناthe radiance of الظباءthe sword-edges (contextual reading) وبالأصمand with the solid spear
ق سنا الظباء وبالأصم
They dispelled the dark with the lightning-flash
With generosity on those who come and go
of radiant blades, and with the solid spear.
Where by nature bounty flows
قومa people صليلthe clang of ظعانهمtheir spear-thrusts (contextual reading)
قوم صليل ظعانهم
يبريcures الصميمthe innermost heart منof الصممdeafness
يبري الصميم من الصمم
A people whose spear-clang
Previously and in you culminates
cures the very heart of deafness.
فكأنهمso they seem like عندduring القتالbattle
فكأنهم عند القتال
إذاwhen تشاجرit clashed واقتحمand charged
إذا تشاجر واقتحم
In battle they seem,
when strife rages and the charge begins,
أسدlions علىon خيلhorses كعقباlike eagles (word beginning)
أسد على خيل كعقبا
نcompletion of 'eagles' محجلةwhite-socked at the legs بدمwith blood
ن محجلة بدم
lions on horses like eagles,
with stockings of blood upon their legs.
ياO أيهاyou المولىmaster الذيwho
يا أيها المولى الذي
برجthe tower of العلاءeminence لهfor him حرمa sanctuary
برج العلاء له حرم
O master, for whom
the tower of eminence is a sanctuary,
وافتكshe came to you لمياءa dusky-lipped beauty المديحpraise
وافتك لمياء المديح
بحسنwith the beauty of ثغرa mouth مبتسمsmiling
بحسن ثغر مبتسم
the dusky-lipped beauty of praise has come to you,
with the beauty of a smiling mouth.
ظمياءdelicate-lipped جاءتshe came تستقيseeking a drink
ظمياء جاءت تستقي
منfrom نيلNile; bounty كفa palm فاضoverflowed يمa sea
من نيل كف فاض يم
Delicate-lipped, she has come seeking drink
from a palm's Nile, an overflowing sea.
فاسلمso live safely ودمand endure فالعيسويّfor the Christian
فاسلم ودم فالعيسويّ
عقودthe necklaces of مدحكyour praise قدhas indeed نظمstrung
عقود مدحك قد نظم
So live in safety and endure, for the Christian
has strung the necklaces of your praise:
ابنson of الكرامةal-Karama غرسthe shoot of نعمتbeneficence (word beginning)
ابن الكرامة غرس نعمت
كyour الشهيرrenowned بذاfor this العلمlearning
ك الشهير بذا العلم
Ibn al-Karama, the shoot of your beneficence,
renowned for this learning.
لاmay you never زلcease تمنحgrant منعماًbestowing favors
لا زل تمنح منعماً
بالجودwith generosity منwhoever وافىcomes وأمand seeks you
بالجود من وافى وأم
May you never cease granting favors,
generously to whoever comes and seeks you.
حيثfor النوالbounty بحاتمwith Hatim
حيث النوال بحاتم
قبلاof old بداappeared وبكand with you اختتمwas brought to completion
قبلا بدا وبك اختتم
For bounty, with Hatim,
appeared of old, and with you reached its culmination.
Partial English translation: 93 of 112 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1