ياO مَنظَراًa sight حَسَناًbeautiful رَأَيتُهI saw it
يا مَنظَراً حَسَناً رَأَيتُه
مِنfrom وَجهِthe face of جارِيَةٍa maiden فَدَيتُهmay I be its ransom
مِن وَجهِ جارِيَةٍ فَدَيتُه
O beautiful sight that I saw
O you whose beautiful face I saw
in a maiden’s face—may I be its ransom!
From the cheek of a maiden I'd ransom
لَمَعَتshe flashed إِلَيَّtoward me تَسومُنيasking me for
لَمَعَت إِلَيَّ تَسومُني
لَعِبَthe play of الشَبابِyouth وَقَدthough already طَوَيتُهI had folded it away
لَعِبَ الشَبابِ وَقَد طَوَيتُه
She flashed before me, asking me for
She glanced at me coquettishly
the play of youth, though I had folded it away.
Playing with youth though I've outgrown it
وَتَقولُand she says إِنَّكَyou indeed قَدalready جَفَوwere cold (continued)
وَتَقولُ إِنَّكَ قَد جَفَو
تَyou (verb ending) وَكُنتَand you were ليto me شَجَناًa heartache حَوَيتُهI held it within
تَ وَكُنتَ لي شَجَناً حَوَيتُه
And she says, “You have grown cold,
And you say you've become aloof
and you were a heartache I held within.
You used to grieve me, worries I've hidden
فَأُريدُso I wish صَرمَكَsevering ties with you تارَةًsometimes
فَأُريدُ صَرمَكَ تارَةً
وَإِذاand when اِرعَوىrelented قَلبيmy heart نَهَيتُهI restrained it
وَإِذا اِرعَوى قَلبي نَهَيتُه
So at times I wish to break with you,
Sometimes I want your company
and when my heart relents, I restrain it.
But when passion stirs my heart I deny it
وَأَرىand I see عَلَيكَabout you مَهابَةًan imposing dignity
وَأَرى عَلَيكَ مَهابَةً
وَيَحِلُّand would be lawful ذَنبُكَyour sin لَوif بَغَيتُهI sought it
وَيَحِلُّ ذَنبُكَ لَو بَغَيتُه
And I see an imposing dignity about you,
And I see you with awe
and your sin would be lawful, if I sought it.
Though your sin I'd easily permit
ثُمَّthen اِعتَذَرتَyou apologized مِنَfor الصُدوturning away (continued)
ثُمَّ اِعتَذَرتَ مِنَ الصُدو
دِcompletion of 'turning away' فَماso not سَخِطتُI was displeased وَماand not اِرتَضَيتُهI accepted it
دِ فَما سَخِطتُ وَما اِرتَضَيتُه
Then you apologized for turning
Then you apologized for ignoring me
away; I neither resented it nor accepted it.”
I was neither angry nor content with it
ياO سَلمَSalm طابَwas happy لَكِwith you الفُؤاthe heart (continued)
يا سَلمَ طابَ لَكِ الفُؤا
دُcompletion of 'heart' وَعَزَّand was hard to bear سُخطُكِyour anger فَاِحتَمَيتُهso I guarded against it
دُ وَعَزَّ سُخطُكِ فَاِحتَمَيتُه
O Salm, my heart was happy with you,
O Salma, blessings on you
and your anger weighed heavily, so I guarded against it.
Defiant, your anger I've sought to avoid
وَاللَهِby God رَبِّthe Lord of مُحَمَّدٍMuhammad
وَاللَهِ رَبِّ مُحَمَّدٍ
ماnot إِنemphasizing the negation غَدَرتُI acted treacherously وَلاnor نَوَيتُهI intended it
ما إِن غَدَرتُ وَلا نَوَيتُه
By God, the Lord of Muhammad,
By God, Lord of Mohammed
I never acted treacherously, nor intended it.
I have not betrayed, nor intended it
أَمسَكتُI held back عَنكِfrom you وَرُبَّماand sometimes
أَمسَكتُ عَنكِ وَرُبَّما
عَرَضَarose البَلاءُaffliction وَماand not بَغَيتُهI sought it
عَرَضَ البَلاءُ وَما بَغَيتُه
I held back from you; and sometimes
I've held back from you, though sometimes
affliction arose, though I had not sought it.
Hardships arose, which I did not seek
إِنَّindeed الخَليفَةَthe caliph قَدindeed بَغىhas overstepped
إِنَّ الخَليفَةَ قَد بَغى
وَإِذاand when أَبىhe refused شَيئاًa thing أَبَيتُهI refused it
وَإِذا أَبى شَيئاً أَبَيتُه
Indeed, the caliph has overstepped,
The Caliph desires it
and when he refuses a thing, I refuse it.
And when he insists on something, I obey
وَمُخَضَّبٍand many a henna-dyed one رَخصِdelicate البَناthe fingers (continued)
وَمُخَضَّبٍ رَخصِ البَنا
نِcompletion of 'fingers' بَكىwept عَلَيَّfor me وَماand not بَكَيتُهI wept for him
نِ بَكى عَلَيَّ وَما بَكَيتُه
And many a henna-dyed one with delicate
And an effeminate man of easy virtue
fingers wept for me; I did not weep for him.
Wept for me, though I did not weep for him
وَدَعانِيَand invited me الرَشَأُthe young gazelle الغَريguileless (continued)
وَدَعانِيَ الرَشَأُ الغَري
رُcompletion of 'guileless' إِلىto اللِعابِdalliance فَماbut not أَتَيتُهI went to him
رُ إِلى اللِعابِ فَما أَتَيتُه
And the guileless young gazelle invited me
And drunkenness called me
to dalliance, but I did not go to him.
To frivolity, but I did not answer
وَلَقَدand indeed أَخَذتُI took مِنَfrom الصَفاsmooth rock
وَلَقَد أَخَذتُ مِنَ الصَفا
ماwhat فيin الضَميرِthe inner heart وَقَدand already لَوَيتُهI bent it
ما في الضَميرِ وَقَد لَوَيتُه
And I have drawn from smooth rock
Indeed I have taken from sobriety
what lies within my heart, and have bent it.
What is in my conscience, and I have twisted it
وَيَشوقُنيand makes me yearn بَيتُthe house of الحَبيthe beloved (continued)
وَيَشوقُني بَيتُ الحَبي
بِcompletion of 'beloved' إِذاwhen غَدَوتُI went out in the morning وَأَينَand where بَيتُهhis house
بِ إِذا غَدَوتُ وَأَينَ بَيتُه
And the beloved’s house makes me yearn
And the house of my beloved tempts me
when I go out in the morning—and where is his house?
When I go in the morning, where is her house?
قامَstood الخَليفَةُthe caliph دونَهُbarring access to it
قامَ الخَليفَةُ دونَهُ
فَصَبَرتُso I endured عَنهُaway from him وَماand not قَلَيتُهI hated him
فَصَبَرتُ عَنهُ وَما قَلَيتُه
The caliph stood between me and it,
The Caliph stands between us
so I endured being without him, though I did not hate him.
So I am patient with him and do not defy him
وَنَهانيand forbade me المَلِكُthe king الهُماvaliant (continued)
وَنَهاني المَلِكُ الهُما
مُcompletion of 'valiant' عَنِfrom النِساءِwomen وَماand not عَصَيتُهI disobeyed him
مُ عَنِ النِساءِ وَما عَصَيتُه
And the valiant king forbade me
And the King has forbidden me
women, and I did not disobey him.
From women, and I have not disobeyed him
لاno بَلrather وَفَيتُI kept faith وَلَمand not أُضِعI neglected
لا بَل وَفَيتُ وَلَم أُضِع
عَهداًa covenant وَلاnor وَأياًa promise وَأَيتُهI promised it
عَهداً وَلا وَأياً وَأَيتُه
No, rather, I kept faith and did not neglect
No, I have kept my word and not broken
a covenant, nor a promise I had made.
A promise or vow that I have made
وَأَناand I المُطِلُّthe one looming عَلىover العِدىthe foes
وَأَنا المُطِلُّ عَلى العِدى
وَإِذاand when غَلاwas costly عِلقٌa precious thing شَرَيتُهI bought it
وَإِذا غَلا عِلقٌ شَرَيتُه
And I loom over the foes,
And I refrain from wrongdoing
and when a treasure costs dearly, I buy it.
And if passion stirs, I buy it off
أُصفيI give sincere affection to الخَليلَthe close friend إِذاwhen دَناhe drew near
أُصفي الخَليلَ إِذا دَنا
وَإِذاand when نَأىhe went far away عَنّيfrom me رَأَيتُهI saw him
وَإِذا نَأى عَنّي رَأَيتُه
I give my friend sincere affection when he draws near,
I am loyal to a friend when he is near
and when he goes far from me, I see him.
And when he is far from me, I watch over him
وَأَميلُand I lean فيin أُنسِthe company of النَديthe boon companion (continued)
وَأَميلُ في أُنسِ النَدي
مِcompletion of 'boon companion' مِنَout of الحَياءِshyness وَماand not اِشتَهَيتُهI desired him
مِ مِنَ الحَياءِ وَما اِشتَهَيتُه
And I lean in a boon companion’s company,
And I incline toward the intimacy of the beloved
out of shyness, though I have not desired him.
Out of shyness, not lust that I have sought
حالَchanged الصَفاءُpure affection عَلىagainst الصَفاpure affection (continued)
حالَ الصَفاءُ عَلى الصَفا
ءِcompletion of 'pure affection' وَلَمand not يَكُنit was عوداًa stick بَرَيتُهI whittled it
ءِ وَلَم يَكُن عوداً بَرَيتُه
Pure affection has turned against pure affection,
Innocence prevailed over innocence
and it was no stick I had whittled.
It was not a branch that I have chopped down
فَالأَمرُso the matter غَيرُnot مُقَصِّرٍfalling short
فَالأَمرُ غَيرُ مُقَصِّرٍ
لَوif خِفتُI feared صاحِبَيَmy companion اِتَّقَيتُهI guarded against him
لَو خِفتُ صاحِبَيَ اِتَّقَيتُه
So the matter falls short in nothing;
So the matter is not neglect on my part
had I feared my companion, I would have guarded against him.
If I feared my companion, I would beware
Sol 6.1