سماءsky الدجىnight-darkness ماwhat هذهthese الحدقthe eyes النجلwide
سماء الدجى ما هذه الحدق النجل
أصدرis the breast...? الدجىof night-darkness حالٍadorned وجيدand the neck الضحىof morning عُطلunadorned
أصدر الدجى حالٍ وجيد الضحى عُطل
O sky of night, what are these wide eyes?
Is night's breast jeweled, while morning's neck is bare?
لكfor you اللّهGod منwhat a عزمresolve أجوبI traverse جيوبهits folds
لك اللّه من عزم أجوب جيوبه
كأنيas though I فيwithin أجفانthe eyelids عينthe eye الردىof death كحلkohl
كأني في أجفان عين الردى كحل
God bless such resolve! I traverse its folds,
As though I were kohl within the lids of death's eye.
كأنas though الدجىnight-darkness نقعa dust cloud وفيand in الجوthe air حرمةa sanctuary
كأن الدجى نقع وفي الجو حرمة
كواكبهاits stars جندan army طوائرهاits flying creatures رسلmessengers
كواكبها جند طوائرها رسل
As though darkness were dust, and the air held a sanctuary,
Its stars an army, its flying creatures messengers.
كأنas though مطاياناour mounts سماءa sky كأنناas though we
كأن مطايانا سماء كأننا
نجومstars علىupon أقتابهاtheir saddle-frames برجهاits constellation الرحلthe riding-saddle
نجوم على أقتابها برجها الرحل
As though our mounts were a sky, as though we
Were stars on their saddle-frames, the saddle its constellation.
كأنas though القُرىthe villages سكْرىdrunk ولاand no سكرdrunkenness بالقرىin the villages
كأن القُرى سكْرى ولا سكر بالقرى
كأنas though الرباthe hills ثكلىbereaved of children وماand no بالرباin the hills ثكلloss of a child
كأن الربا ثكلى وما بالربا ثكل
As though the villages were drunk, though no drunkenness is in them;
As though the hills were bereaved mothers, though the hills know no bereavement.
كأنas though السرىnight-travel ساقٍa cupbearer كأنas though الكرىsleep طلاwine
كأن السرى ساقٍ كأن الكرى طلا
كأناas though we لهاfor it شربdrinking companions كانwere المنىwishes نقلwine-table sweetmeats
كأنا لها شرب كان المنى نقل
As though night-travel were a cupbearer, as though sleep were wine,
As though we were its drinking companions; wishes were the sweetmeats.
كأنas though الفلاthe wilderness نادٍa gathering-place بهin it الجنthe jinn فتيةyoung men
كأن الفلا نادٍ به الجن فتية
عليهupon it الثرىthe earth فرشbedding حشيتهits stuffing الرملsand
عليه الثرى فرش حشيته الرمل
As though the wilderness were a gathering-place, the jinn its young men,
Earth spread upon it as bedding, its stuffing sand.
كأنas though الرباthe hills كُومhigh-humped camels كأنas though هزالهاtheir wasting
كأن الربا كُوم كأن هزالها
لكثرةbecause of the frequency of ماthe fact that يغتالهاravage them الخفthe padded hoof والنعلand the shoe
لكثرة ما يغتالها الخف والنعل
As though the hills were high-humped camels, as though their wasting
Came from the frequent ravages of padded hooves and shoes.
كأنas though الذيwhat تنفىscatter الحوافرthe hooves فيin الثرىthe soil
كأن الذي تنفى الحوافر في الثرى
خطوطٌwritten lines مساميرُnails النعالof the horseshoes لهاfor them شكلvowel marks
خطوطٌ مساميرُ النعال لها شكل
As though what the hooves scatter in the soil
Were written lines, the horseshoe nails their vowel marks.
كأناas though we جياعhungry والمطيّand the mounts لناfor us فمa mouth
كأنا جياع والمطيّ لنا فم
كأنas though الفلاthe wilderness زادprovisions كأنas though السرىnight-travel أكلeating
كأن الفلا زاد كأن السرى أكل
As though we were hungry, and the mounts our mouth;
As though the wilderness were provisions, as though night-travel were eating.
كأنas though بصدرin the breast of العيسthe pale camels حقداًhatred علىagainst الثرىthe earth
كأن بصدر العيس حقداً على الثرى
فمنso from يدهاtheir forelegs خبطblows ومنand from رجلهاtheir hindlegs نكلpunishment
فمن يدها خبط ومن رجلها نكل
As though the pale camels bore hatred for the earth in their breasts,
So their forelegs batter it, and their hindlegs punish it.
كأنas though ينابيعsprings الثرىof the earth ثديa breast مرضعa nursing mother
كأن ينابيع الثرى ثدي مرضع
وفيand in حجرهاher lap منيfrom me ومنand from ناقتيmy she-camel طفلa child
وفي حجرها مني ومن ناقتي طفل
As though earth's springs were a nursing mother's breast,
And in her lap, a child made of me and my she-camel.
كأناas though we علىon أُرجوحةa swing منfrom مسيرناour journey
كأنا على أُرجوحة من مسيرنا
لغورٍtoward low ground بهاon it نهويwe plunge ونجدٍand high ground بهاon it نعلوwe rise
لغورٍ بها نهوي ونجدٍ بها نعلو
As though our journey set us on a swing:
On it we plunge into low ground, and on it rise to high ground.
كأناas though we علىat سيرthe pace of السوانيwater-drawing camels مسافةa distance
كأنا على سير السواني مسافة
لمجهلةtoward an uncharted wilderness تمضيpasses ومجهلةand an uncharted wilderness تتلوfollows
لمجهلة تمضي ومجهلة تتلو
As though, in distance traveled, we moved like water-drawing camels,
Toward one uncharted waste that passes, and another that follows.
كأنas though الدجىnight-darkness جفنa scabbard كأنas though نجومهits stars
كأن الدجى جفن كأن نجومه
علىupon ظهرهits back حليٌornaments كأناas though we لهfor it نصلa blade
على ظهره حليٌ كأنا له نصل
As though darkness were a scabbard, as though its stars
Were ornaments on its back, as though we were its blade.
كأنas though بنيsons of غبراءthe dusty earth حينwhen لقيتهمI met them
كأن بني غبراء حين لقيتهم
ذئابwolves كأنيas though I بينbetween أنيابهمtheir fangs سخلa kid
ذئاب كأني بين أنيابهم سخل
As though the sons of dust, when I encountered them,
Were wolves, as though I were a kid between their fangs.
كأنas though أباناour father أودعdeposited with الملكthe king الذيwhom
كأن أبانا أودع الملك الذي
قصدناهwe sought him كنزاًa treasure لمdid not يسَعadmit ردَّهits repayment مطلdelay
قصدناه كنزاً لم يسَع ردَّه مطل
As though our father had deposited with the king whom
We sought a treasure whose repayment admitted no delay.
كأنas though يديmy hand فيon الطرسthe page غواصa diver لجةthe deep
كأن يدي في الطرس غواص لجة
بهاin it كلميmy words درّpearls بهthrough it قيمتيmy value تغلوrises
بها كلمي درّ به قيمتي تغلو
As though my hand upon the page were a diver in the deep,
Where my words are pearls through which my value rises.
كأنas though فميmy mouth قوسa bow لسانيmy tongue لهfor it يدa hand
كأن فمي قوس لساني له يد
مديحيmy praise لهfor it نزعa drawing-back بهwith it أمليmy hope نبلarrows
مديحي له نزع به أملي نبل
As though my mouth were a bow, my tongue its hand,
My praise its drawing-back, my hope arrows launched with it.
كأنas though دواتيmy inkwell مطفِلwith a young child حبشيةan Abyssinian woman
كأن دواتي مطفِل حبشية
بنانيmy fingers لهاfor her بعلa husband ونفسيand my soul لهاfor her نسلoffspring
بناني لها بعل ونفسي لها نسل
As though my inkwell were an Abyssinian woman with a child,
My fingers her husband, my soul her offspring.
كانwere بنيهاher sons عكسthe opposite of أبناءsons of عصرناour age
كان بنيها عكس أبناء عصرنا
فإنso if يُرضَعواthey are suckled يبكواthey weep وإنand if يفْطمواthey are weaned يسلوthey cease grieving
فإن يُرضَعوا يبكوا وإن يفْطموا يسلو
Her sons were the opposite of the sons of our age:
If suckled they weep, and if weaned they cease to grieve.
وإنand if ضربتare struck أعناقهمtheir necks عاشcomes alive ميتهمthe dead among them
وإن ضربت أعناقهم عاش ميتهم
فقتلهمso killing them أنthat لاnot يعمهمencompass them all القتلkilling
فقتلهم أن لا يعمهم القتل
And if their necks are struck, their dead come alive;
For they die when killing does not reach them all.
كأنas though ألهمتwere inspired فضلthe excellence of الذيhim who باسمهin his name جرتthey ran
كأن ألهمت فضل الذي باسمه جرت
فسارتso they traveled وماand not غيرother than الرؤوسheads لهاfor them رجلa foot
فسارت وما غير الرؤوس لها رجل
As though they were inspired by the excellence of him in whose name they ran,
So they traveled, with nothing but their heads for feet.
كأنas though الأميرthe prince اختصهاsingled them out فاعتلتso they climbed بهthrough him
كأن الأمير اختصها فاعتلت به
معارجُascents أسبابُladders of السماءheaven لهاfor them سفلlow ground
معارجُ أسبابُ السماء لها سفل
As though the prince had chosen them, and through him they scaled
Ascents beneath which heaven's ladders lie.
وإلاotherwise فماthen what بالُis the matter with الملوكthe kings نراهمُwe see them
وإلا فما بالُ الملوك نراهمُ
عبيدslaves قناةa reed لاnot تمرis bitter ولاand not تحلوis sweet
عبيد قناة لا تمر ولا تحلو
Otherwise, why do we see kings
Slaves to a reed that is neither bitter nor sweet?
ألاah عَتَبَتْreproached جُمْلJuml وبينيand between me وبينهاand between her
ألا عَتَبَتْ جُمْل وبيني وبينها
منof البيدthe deserts عذرٌan excuse لوif only بهof it علمتknew جملJuml
من البيد عذرٌ لو به علمت جمل
Ah, Juml reproached me, while between me and her
Lies an excuse made of deserts—if Juml only knew it.
تعجبshe marvels منat شكوايmy complaint دهريmy times كأننيas though I
تعجب من شكواي دهري كأنني
شَكوتI complained لماof what لمhad not يشكهcomplained of it الناسpeople منfrom قبلbefore
شَكوت لما لم يشكه الناس من قبل
She marvels at my complaints against my times, as though I
Had complained of what no one had complained of before.
يذكرنيreminds me قربthe nearness of العراقIraq وديعةa trust
يذكرني قرب العراق وديعة
لدىin the keeping of اللّهGod لاnot يسليهconsoles him مالwealth ولاnor أهلfamily
لدى اللّه لا يسليه مال ولا أهل
The nearness of Iraq reminds me of a trust
In God's keeping, whom neither wealth nor family consoles.
حنتهhas bent him النوىseparation عنيfrom me وأضنتهand has wasted him غَيبتيmy absence
حنته النوى عني وأضنته غَيبتي
وعهديand my recollection بهof him كالليثlike a lion جؤجؤهhis chest عبلbroad and strong
وعهدي به كالليث جؤجؤه عبل
Separation from me has bent him, and my absence has wasted him;
Yet I remember him like a lion, his chest broad and strong.
إذاwhenever وردarrive الحجاجthe pilgrims لاقىhe meets رفاقَهمtheir companions
إذا ورد الحجاج لاقى رفاقَهم
بفوَّارتيwith two fountains of دمعtears هماthe two are السجلa brimming bucket والنجلand a gushing spring
بفوَّارتي دمع هما السجل والنجل
Whenever the pilgrims arrive, he meets their companions
With two fountains of tears—a brimming bucket and a gushing spring.
يسائلهمhe asks them أينwhere ابنهhis son كيفhow حالهhis condition
يسائلهم أين ابنه كيف حاله
إلامَto what point انتهىhe has reached لِمْwhy لَمْhas not يَعُدhe returned هلwhether لهhe has شغلwork
إلامَ انتهى لِمْ لَمْ يَعُد هل له شغل
He asks them where his son is, how he fares,
How far he has come, why he has not returned, whether he has work.
أضاقتhas...grown strait? بهaround him حالcircumstance أطالتhas prolonged لهfor him يدa generous hand
أضاقت به حال أطالت له يد
أأخّرهhas...delayed him? نقصa shortcoming أقَدَّمهhas...advanced him? فضلmerit
أأخّره نقص أقَدَّمه فضل
Has hardship hemmed him in? Has a generous hand prolonged his stay?
Has a failing held him back? Has merit brought him forward?
أفيصواtell fully عنabout الفرعthe branch الذيwhose أناI أصلهits root
أفيصوا عن الفرع الذي أنا أصله
وماand what بالof the state of فرعa branch ليسis not يحضرهpresent beside it الأصلthe root
وما بال فرع ليس يحضره الأصل
Tell me fully of the branch whose root I am,
And what of a branch whose root is not beside it?
يقولونthey say وافىhe reached حضرةthe presence of الملكthe king الذيwho
يقولون وافى حضرة الملك الذي
لهhe has الكنفprotection المأمولhoped for والنائلand bounty الجزلabundant
له الكنف المأمول والنائل الجزل
They say he came into the presence of the king
Whose protection is hoped for, whose bounty is abundant.
فَقِيدَso was led لهto him طِرفa noble steed وحُلّتand were unwrapped لهfor him حبىgifts
فَقِيدَ له طِرف وحُلّت له حبى
وخِيرand was chosen لهfor him قصرa palace ودرَّand flowed لهfor him نزْلhospitality
وخِير له قصر ودرَّ له نزْل
A noble steed was led to him, and gifts unwrapped for him;
A palace was chosen for him, and hospitality flowed for him.
وفاضتand poured عليهupon him مطرةa shower خلفيةof Khalaf
وفاضت عليه مطرة خلفية
بهاby it للغواديfor the morning rainclouds عنfrom ولايتهاtheir office عزلdismissal
بها للغوادي عن ولايتها عزل
And a shower from Khalaf poured upon him,
By which the morning rainclouds are dismissed from their office.
يذكرهمhe adjures them باللّهby God ألاّwill you not صدقتمspeak truthfully
يذكرهم باللّه ألاّ صدقتم
لديّbefore me أجدُّis it earnest? ماwhat تقولونyou say أمor هزلjest
لديّ أجدُّ ما تقولون أم هزل
He adjures them by God: ‘Do speak truthfully
To me—is what you say earnest, or a jest?’
فدىa ransom لكfor you ماwhat أبناءsons of دهركyour age منwhoever غداhas become
فدى لك ما أبناء دهرك من غدا
ولاand not قولهhis speech علمknowledge ولاnor فعلهhis action عدلjustice
ولا قوله علم ولا فعله عدل
May those of your age be your ransom—those who are
Without learning in their speech or justice in their deeds.
طويناwe passed over للقياكto meet you الملوكthe kings وإنماand only
طوينا للقياك الملوك وإنما
بمثلكthrough one like you عنaway from أمثالهمtheir like مثلناmen like us يسلوcease longing
بمثلك عن أمثالهم مثلنا يسلو
We passed kings by to meet you; only
Through one like you do men like us forget their like.
ولماand when بلوناكمwe tested you تلوناwe recited مديحكمyour praise
ولما بلوناكم تلونا مديحكم
فياso how طيبsweet ماwhat نبلوwe experience وياand how صدقtrue ماwhat نتلوwe recite
فيا طيب ما نبلو ويا صدق ما نتلو
And when we tested you, we recited your praise;
How sweet what we experience, how true what we recite!
وياand O ملكاًking أدنىthe least of مناقبهhis virtues العلىexaltedness
ويا ملكاً أدنى مناقبه العلى
وأيسرand the simplest ماwhat فيهin him السماحةgenerosity والبذلand giving
وأيسر ما فيه السماحة والبذل
O king whose least virtue is exaltedness,
And whose simplest qualities are generosity and giving!
هوhe البدرthe full moon إلاexcept أنهthat he البحرthe sea زاخراًsurging
هو البدر إلا أنه البحر زاخراً
سوىexcept أنهthat he الضرغامthe lion لكنهyet he وبلa downpour
سوى أنه الضرغام لكنه وبل
He is the full moon—except that he is the surging sea,
Save that he is the lion—yet he is a downpour.
محاسنbeauties يبديهاreveals them العيانdirect sight كماas ترىyou see
محاسن يبديها العيان كما ترى
وإنand if نحنwe حدثناtell بهاof them دفعrejects العقلreason
وإن نحن حدثنا بها دفع العقل
Beauties that sight reveals, as you can see,
Yet when we tell of them, reason rejects them.
فقولاso say, you two لِوَسّامto the brander of المكارمnoble deeds باسمهwith his name
فقولا لِوَسّام المكارم باسمه
ليهنكmay it delight you إذfor لمdid not تبقِleave مكرمةa noble deed غفلunbranded
ليهنك إذ لم تبقِ مكرمة غفل
So tell, you two, the man who brands noble deeds with his name:
May you rejoice, for you have left no noble deed unbranded.
وجاراكَand raced you أفرادthe peerless among الملوكthe kings إلىtoward العلىthe heights
وجاراكَ أفراد الملوك إلى العلى
فحقاًso truly لقدindeed أعجزتهمyou outmatched them ولكand yours is الخصلthe victory
فحقاً لقد أعجزتهم ولك الخصل
The peerless kings raced you toward the heights;
Truly, you outstripped them, and the victory is yours.
سماexalted بكyou منfrom عمروʿAmr بنson of يعقوبYaʿqub محتدa lineage
سما بك من عمرو بن يعقوب محتد
كذاsuch الأصلthe stock مفخوراًboasted بهof it وكذاand such النسلthe offspring
كذا الأصل مفخوراً به وكذا النسل
A lineage from ʿAmr ibn Yaʿqub has raised you high;
Such is the stock to boast of, and such the offspring.
Sol 6.1