عصرthe season الشبيبةyouth ناضِرfresh غضtender
عصر الشبيبة ناضِر غض
فيهin it ينالis attained اللينease والخفضand comfort
فيه ينال اللين والخفض
The season of youth is fresh and tender;
The morn of youth is bright and fresh,
in it, ease and comfort are attained.
Wherein we gain softness and grace.
مثلَthe likeness of الشبيبةyouth كالربيعlike spring إذاwhen
مثلَ الشبيبة كالربيع إذا
ماever (with 'when') جيدwas watered فاخضرتso it grew green لهfor it الأرضthe earth
ما جيد فاخضرت له الأرض
Youth's likeness is spring, when
Like spring is youth when
it is watered and the earth grows green for it.
The earth grows green at its face.
والشيبand gray hair كالمخلlike a barren season الجمادrainless لهfor it
والشيب كالمخل الجماد له
لونانtwo colors مغبرdusty gray ومبيضand white
لونان مغبر ومبيض
Gray hair is like a barren, rainless season, with
While age is like barren winter, of hue
two colors: dusty gray and white.
Dusty and pale without trace.
بيناwhile الفتىthe young man يختالstruts proudly كالغصنlike a branch
بينا الفتى يختال كالغصن
الموليwatered by following rain أورقput forth leaves خوطهits shoot الغضtender
المولي أورق خوطه الغض
While the young man struts like a branch,
The young man struts like a supple branch
watered by following rain, its tender shoot in leaf,
With tender green lines at his base.
سمحeasy الخطىof stride يهتزsways فيin غيدsupple grace
سمح الخطى يهتز في غيد
ترنوgaze إليهtoward him الأعينthe eyes المرضlanguid
ترنو إليه الأعين المرض
free of stride, swaying with supple grace,
Gentle of pace, he sways in his pride
languid eyes gaze toward him.
As all eyes on him gaze.
سنحتappeared لهto him دهياءa dark calamity منfrom كثبnearby
سنحت له دهياء من كثب
دانتwere subdued خطاهhis steps وماand no بهin him أبضfetter
دانت خطاه وما به أبض
A dark calamity appeared close at hand;
Fortune has smiled on him, flirting,
his steps were subdued, though no fetter bound him.
Bowing before him to erase
تركleft الجديدever-renewing time جديدهhis freshness سملاthreadbare
ترك الجديد جديده سملا
لاneither الصونsafekeeping يرجعهrestores it ولاnor الرحضwashing
لا الصون يرجعه ولا الرحض
Ever-renewing time left his freshness threadbare;
Any troubles ahead. Neither thrift
neither safekeeping nor washing restores it.
Nor comfort can make him retrace.
حتىuntil كأنas though علىover الخطوبcalamities لهhe has
حتى كأن على الخطوب له
عيناًan eye تجنبkeeps away جفنهاits eyelid الغمضclosing in sleep
عيناً تجنب جفنها الغمض
Until it is as though he has, over calamities,
As if to misfortunes he has
an eye whose lid shuns sleep.
An eye that avoids their embrace.
ولربand many a جرارvast army يغصchokes بهwith it
ولرب جرار يغص به
طولthe length الفضاءof open space ويشرقand chokes العرضthe breadth
طول الفضاء ويشرق العرض
And many a vast army, at whose presence
Many a jar he breaks, longing
the length of open space chokes, and its breadth is clogged.
For width and light in this space.
فتعاقبso the succession الفتيينof the two ever-young ones يقدحchips away فيat
فتعاقب الفتيين يقدح في
صمthe hardest الصفاsmooth rock فيظلso it keeps يرفضcrumbling
صم الصفا فيظل يرفض
For the succession of the two ever-young ones wears into
So the young take turns kindling
the hardest rock, until it crumbles away.
In deaf ears with no cause.
أوعظhow admonitory! بشيبis gray hair قصرconstrained لابسهits wearer
أوعظ بشيب قصر لابسه
كرهانtwo hateful things وشكimminence الهلكof death أوor حرضwasting sickness
كرهان وشك الهلك أو حرض
What a warning is gray hair, whose wearer is hemmed in
Or mentors with age address gently
by two hateful things: impending death or wasting sickness!
Fearing harm or vile acts.
فسقىso may He water الإلهGod شبيبةa youth درستvanished
فسقى الإله شبيبة درست
أقرضتهاI was lent it فاسترجعthen He reclaimed القرضthe loan
أقرضتها فاسترجع القرض
So may God water a youth now effaced,
So God nurtured a youth who learned
which I was lent, before He reclaimed the loan.
And returned every loan at its place.
وعذاand a stout [word fragment] فرسدس[end of 'stout']; full-toothed يعضbites بهinto him
وعذا فرسدس يعض به
رحلa saddle ويشجيand chafe النسعthe straps والغرضand the girths
رحل ويشجي النسع والغرض
And a stout, full-toothed camel, bitten by
And choked an old steed, ridding
a saddle, while straps and girths chafe him,
Burdens in anger to replace.
أنضاهwore him lean نصhard driving سرىnight travel وهاجرةand midday heat
أنضاه نص سرى وهاجرة
حتىuntil تسرىebbed away المنيvital reserves (reading uncertain) والنحضand the flesh
حتى تسرى المني والنحض
worn lean by hard-driven night travel and midday heat,
He fulfilled high pursuits, like Hagar
until his vital reserves and flesh ebbed away.
Flowing freely without disgrace.
وطوتهand wore him down أرضland فانطوىso he dwindled بشوىto limbs
وطوته أرض فانطوى بشوى
نقضof a spent beast عليهupon him شاحبpale نقضspent
نقض عليه شاحب نقض
The land wore him down, leaving him with the limbs
And the earth folded him in her abundance
of a spent beast, bearing a pale, spent rider.
As a wan foe sought to debase.
متسربلclothed بالليلin night مدرعarmored
متسربل بالليل مدرع
بالآلin mirage والرمضاءand the sun-baked ground ترمضscorches
بالآل والرمضاء ترمض
Clothed in night, armored
Cloaked by night, armed
in mirage, while the burning ground scorches him,
With weapons, he proceeds apace.
ينفيbanishes سراهhis night travel كراهhis sleep عنهfrom him إذاwhen
ينفي سراه كراه عنه إذا
ماever (with 'when') استوسنgrew drowsy النوامةthe habitual sleeper البضsoft-skinned
ما استوسن النوامة البض
his night travel banishes his sleep when
Repelling harm, if
the soft-skinned sleepyhead grows drowsy.
Rest weighs heavy in its place.
ويؤمand heads toward بحراًa sea منبنيfrom the sons of مطرMatar
ويؤم بحراً منبني مطر
لاneither النزرscant نائلهhis bounty ولاnor البرضa driblet
لا النزر نائله ولا البرض
He heads toward a sea from the sons of Matar,
And he sails an abundant sea
whose gifts are neither scant nor mere driblets.
With no lack or loss to deface.
تردcome العفاةthe petitioners عليهto him واثقةconfident
ترد العفاة عليه واثقة
بالريof being quenched حينwhen يغصهاchokes them الجرضchoking anguish
بالري حين يغصها الجرض
Petitioners come to him, confident
The weak flock to him confident
of being quenched when anguish chokes them.
In rain when drought tightens its brace.
وإذاand when السنونthe years كحلنgrew kohl-dark with drought عنwithout بللmoisture
وإذا السنون كحلن عن بلل
وألحand persisted منهاfrom them النهسthe gnawing والعضand the biting
وألح منها النهس والعض
And when the years are kohl-dark, bereft of moisture,
And when years gather like kohl
and their gnawing and biting persist,
Parching breath with no trace,
وتأرثتand blazed للشعريينfor the two Shi'ra stars بهاwithin them
وتأرثت للشعريين بها
نارa fire وعزand grew scarce القرضloans والفرضand grants
نار وعز القرض والفرض
and beneath the two Shi'ra stars there blazes within them
When the poets were left
a fire, and loans and grants grow scarce,
With only fire and debts to erase,
ورأىand saw المسيمthe herdsman الأرضthe earth خاشعةdesolate
ورأى المسيم الأرض خاشعة
لاno خلةsweet pasture نجمتsprouted ولاnor حمضsalt-loving scrub
لا خلة نجمت ولا حمض
and the herdsman sees the land desolate,
And he saw the earth humbled
with neither sweet pasture sprouting nor salt-loving scrub,
With no star or rain to retrace,
فهوso he is الربيعthe spring لهاfor it المربعproviding pasture إذاwhen
فهو الربيع لها المربع إذا
ضنwithheld الربيعthe spring وأخلفand failed its promise الومضthe lightning flash
ضن الربيع وأخلف الومض
he is its pasture-giving spring, when
He is the spring, the square,
spring withholds and lightning fails its promise.
When spring itself leaves no trace.
وإذاand when الأمورaffairs دجتgrew dark وضيقand was narrowed بهاby them
وإذا الأمور دجت وضيق بها
ذرعendurance وخيفand was feared مزلهاtheir slippery footing الدحضtreacherous
ذرع وخيف مزلها الدحض
And when affairs grow dark and exhaust
When matters darken and narrow
one's endurance, and their slippery footing is feared,
Till patience itself loses its place,
جلىcleared دجنتهاtheir darkness لناظرهfor his gaze
جلى دجنتها لناظره
رأيa judgment لهit has الأبرامmaking firm والنقضand undoing
رأي له الأبرام والنقض
their darkness is cleared for his gaze by
He illuminates their gloom for the viewer.
a judgment that can make firm and unravel.
A vision that unravels and lays waste.
رأيa judgment إذاwhen ناجىhe communed الضميرthe inward mind بهthrough it
رأي إذا ناجى الضمير به
وحدينthe two alone أبرزrevealed ضحكهits smile المحضunalloyed
وحدين أبرز ضحكه المحض
A judgment which, when he communes with his inward mind through it,
A vision that makes the conscience laugh
the two alone, reveals its unalloyed smile.
When alone, with pure joy on its face.
حتىuntil كأنas though علىover الخطوبcalamities لهhe has
حتى كأن على الخطوب له
عيناًan eye تجنبkeeps away جفنهاits eyelid الغمضclosing in sleep
عيناً تجنب جفنها الغمض
Until it is as though he has, over calamities,
Hearts dry for him, shaken
an eye whose lid shuns sleep.
From where peace once took its place.
ولربand many a جرارvast army يغصchokes بهwith it
ولرب جرار يغص به
طولthe length الفضاءof open space ويشرقand chokes العرضthe breadth
طول الفضاء ويشرق العرض
And many a vast army, at whose presence
Like the night whose stars are years
the length of open space chokes, and its breadth is clogged.
Flickering restlessly without base.
تجفpound القلوبthe hearts لهat it ويشخصهاand dislodges them
تجف القلوب له ويشخصها
عنfrom مستقرthe settled place قرارهاof their resting أرضtrembling
عن مستقر قرارها أرض
Hearts pound at it, and are driven
Destinies like sand dunes
from their settled resting-place by trembling.
Crossing a land his winds race.
كالليلlike night أنجمهits stars سناًgleams وظبيand sword-edges
كالليل أنجمه سناً وظبي
تخفاقهنtheir flickering الهبرhewing blows والوخضand piercing thrusts
تخفاقهن الهبر والوخض
Like night, its stars are gleams and sword-edges,
Souls hastened to him in the darkness
their flickering the hewing and the piercing.
Seeking color and form in his grace.
ومعابلand broad arrowheads مسنونةhoned ذربkeen
ومعابل مسنونة ذرب
يحدوurge onward بهاwith them شرعbowstrings لناof ours نبضquivering
يحدو بها شرع لنا نبض
And broad arrowheads, honed and keen,
Like a wounded dove, you are feathers
urged onward by our quivering bowstrings.
When calamity descends in this space.
قدتyou led الحتوفdeaths إليهtoward it فيamid لجبa clamorous host
قدت الحتوف إليه في لجب
لليمthe sea has منهfrom it اللونthe color والعرضand the breadth
لليم منه اللون والعرض
You led deaths toward it amid a clamorous host,
Ungrateful for blessings, they insult
from which the sea takes its color and breadth.
Your gifts, resentful, lacking grace.
كقديlike my ... (reading unclear) جربانJirban وريشةand Risha إذwhen
كقدي جربان وريشة إذ
حشرwere mustered القضيضthe great عليكagainst you والقضand the small
حشر القضيض عليك والقض
Like [unclear] Jirban and Risha, when
You bought yourself, sold yourself, rushing
the great and small were mustered against you.
To pale beneath what you displace.
لمnot يشكرواthey thanked نعماكyour favors إذwhen غمطواthey slighted
لم يشكروا نعماك إذ غمطوا
نعماكyour favors إذwhen سخطواthey resented ولمand not يرضواthey were content
نعماك إذ سخطوا ولم يرضوا
They did not thank your favors when they slighted
Like David's coat of many colors
your favors, when they resented them and would not be content.
No woven seam can retrace.
وشريتand you sold نفسكyour life والقناwhile the spears قصدshattered
وشريت نفسك والقنا قصد
والبيضand the helmets تحتbeneath البيضthe bright swords مرفضsplit and scattered
والبيض تحت البيض مرفض
You sold your life while the spears lay shattered,
The saddle atop the camel you carry
and helmets beneath bright swords were split and scattered.
Bent to shape by force and brace.
وعليكand upon you داوديةDavidic mail كأضاlike a pool [word fragment]
وعليك داودية كأضا
ة[completes 'pool'] اللوبthe lava fields ماno فيin سردهاits linked weave حبضflaw
ة اللوب ما في سردها حبض
Upon you was Davidic mail, like a pool
Like beads fused and aligned
among lava fields, its linked weave without flaw.
Flawless, connected without trace.
والسرجand the saddle فوقupon أقبa lean-bellied horse تحملهbear him
والسرج فوق أقب تحمله
عوجbowed legs بناهbuilt him البسطstretching والقبضand contracting
عوج بناه البسط والقبض
The saddle was upon a lean-bellied horse, borne by
Till you seem an epic poem
bowed legs; stretching and contracting had built his frame.
Of fledglings who refuse their place.
كسبيكةlike an ingot العقيانof gold أدمجهmade him compact
كسبيكة العقيان أدمجه
محضpure milk وألحقand drew tight إطلهhis flank العضdry fodder
محض وألحق إطله العض
Like an ingot of gold, made compact by
You sought guidance when it was scorned
pure milk, his flank drawn tight by dry fodder.
And disbelief was vile and debased.
فكأنهso he is like فتخاءa broad-winged eagle ملحمةfeeding flesh to
فكأنه فتخاء ملحمة
فرخينtwo chicks طلتappeared above وهيwhile she ترفضflies swiftly
فرخين طلت وهي ترفض
He was like a broad-winged eagle bringing flesh to
Two halves to your day. One for dew,
two chicks, appearing above them as she flies swiftly,
One for honor and one disgraced.
حتىuntil ثنىturned back منfrom بينamong منجدلone struck down
حتى ثنى من بين منجدل
أوor هاربone fleeing لمnot ينجهsaved him الركضrunning
أو هارب لم ينجه الركض
until he turned back amid those struck down
The dew and valor surpassed your ancestors.
or fleeing, whose running had not saved them.
Their years and they were laid to waste.
عزgained might الهدىguidance بكthrough you بعدafter ذلتهits abasement
عز الهدى بك بعد ذلته
والكفرand unbelief ذلwas humbled فماso no بهin it نغضstirring
والكفر ذل فما به نغض
Guidance gained might through you after its abasement,
Calm of hands, who recoil when asked,
and unbelief was humbled, with no stirring left in it.
And mourn when forced to retrace.
شطرانtwo halves يومكyour day للندىfor generosity بعضone part
شطران يومك للندى بعض
والمكرماتand noble deeds وللردىand for death بعضone part
والمكرمات وللردى بعض
Your day has two halves: one for generosity
As if wealth to them were stones,
and noble deeds, the other for death.
Loved and guarded from harms embrace.
حزتyou acquired الندىgenerosity والبأسand valor عنfrom سلفforebears
حزت الندى والبأس عن سلف
سنوهماthey established both وعليهماand toward both حضواthey urged
سنوهما وعليهما حضوا
You acquired generosity and valor from forebears
A treasure of praise while it remains,
who established both and urged both.
Praised, untouched by evil or time's erasing.
سبطsupple الأناملof fingers يجذلونthey rejoice إذاwhen
سبط الأنامل يجذلون إذا
سئلواthey were asked ويغتمونand they grieve إنif عضواthey withhold
سئلوا ويغتمون إن عضوا
Open-handed, they rejoice when
I made them like you, gave them qualities so
asked, and grieve if they withhold.
They remain though years continue replacing.
فكأنso it is as though حلlawfulness المالof wealth عندهمto them
فكأن حل المال عندهم
حجرforbidden وحبand love مصونهof its hoarded stores بغضhatred
حجر وحب مصونه بغض
It is as if lawful wealth, to them,
And when Rabi’ah boasts of its best
were forbidden, and love of its hoarding were hatred.
And the wise are called to collate
كنزa treasure المحامدof praiseworthy deeds وهيwhile they باقيةendure
كنز المحامد وهي باقية
محمودةpraised لاnot العينcoin والعرضand possessions
محمودة لا العين والعرض
Their treasure is praiseworthy deeds, enduring
Among us are Yazeed and Khalid. Our prey
and praised—not coin and possessions.
Humbled, by proofs we devastated.
أشبهتهمyou resembled them وخلفتهمand succeeded them فهمso they
أشبهتهم وخلفتهم فهم
باقونremain ماas long as عمرتyou live لمnot يمضواthey passed away
باقون ما عمرت لم يمضوا
You resembled them and succeeded them, so they
And we hope in Khalid whose sway
live on while you live; they have not passed away.
Across nations all accommodated.
وإذاand when ربيعةRabi'a قالsays فاخرهاits spokesman for glory
وإذا ربيعة قال فاخرها
واستنبىءand are questioned الحكماءthe wise كيso that يقضواthey judge
واستنبىء الحكماء كي يقضوا
And when Rabi'a's spokesman for its glory says,
Delegations came to you, faces glowing
and the wise are asked to pronounce judgment,
But you neither bent nor prostrated.
مناfrom among us يزيدYazid وخالدand Khalid خنعتbowed
منا يزيد وخالد خنعت
صيدthe proud القرومchieftains وأفحمand was silenced العضthe cunning disputant
صيد القروم وأفحم العض
'Yazid and Khalid are ours,' there bow
I have a bond with you, of hope
the proud chieftains, and the cunning disputant is silenced.
And sincere affection purely placed.
ومؤملينand hopeful seekers بخالدof Khalid شحطتcarried far away
ومؤملين بخالد شحطت
بهمwith them البلادthe lands وعاقهمand hindered them أبضa fetter
بهم البلاد وعاقهم أبض
And men hoping in Khalid, carried far away
My plea is my trust and your merit, so
by the lands and held back by a fetter,
Noble deeds and untainted grace.
وفدتcame عليهمto them منfrom نداكyour bounty لهىgreat gifts
وفدت عليهم من نداك لهى
تترىone after another فلمso not يحنواthey stooped ولمand not ينضواthey grew exhausted
تترى فلم يحنوا ولم ينضوا
have great gifts from your bounty come to them
You did not degrade me, nor use
one after another; they neither stoop nor wear themselves out.
Intercessors that might debase.
ليI have حرمةa bond of honor بكمwith you تكنفهاsurround it
لي حرمة بكم تكنفها
أملhope وودand affection صادقsincere محضunalloyed
أمل وود صادق محض
I have a bond of honor with you, encircled
So I owe you gratitude, protection
by hope and sincere, unalloyed affection.
If you ruled the oceans, their bounds you'd displace
وذريعتيand my means of approach ثقتيmy trust وفضلكand your bounty إذsince
وذريعتي ثقتي وفضلك إذ
شرفwere noble الفعالthe deeds وطهرand was pure العرضthe honor
شرف الفعال وطهر العرض
My means of approach are my trust and your bounty, since
They bit their lips and hands,
your deeds are noble and your honor pure.
Envying you, and more they effaced.
هنأتنيyou favored me براًwith kindness ملكتyou won بهthrough it
هنأتني براً ملكت به
شكريmy thanks وشكركand thanking you واجبobligatory فرضa duty
شكري وشكرك واجب فرض
You favored me with kindness, thereby winning
If curses from them were flames
my thanks; thanking you is an obligatory duty.
Under cauldrons, if only they graced.
لمnot تبتذلyou abased وجهيmy face ولاشفعتnor did intercede
لم تبتذل وجهي ولاشفعت
شفعاءintercessors ليfor me فيin منهاfrom it (context unclear) هضcrushing (context unclear)
شفعاء لي في منها هض
You did not abase my face, nor did there intercede
For in you lies my hopes' end.
intercessors for me—[unclear wording: 'in ... from it ... crushing'].
Generous, flowing, nothing effaced.
ففداكso may they ransom you مناعونwithholders لوif ملكواthey owned
ففداك مناعون لو ملكوا
مددthe supply البحارof the seas إذنthen لماnot بضواthey would yield a drop
مدد البحار إذن لما بضوا
May the misers be your ransom; if they owned
the supply of the seas, they would not yield a drop.
عضواthey bit شفاههمtheir lips وأيديهمand their hands
عضوا شفاههم وأيديهم
حسداًin envy عليكof you وطالماand often عضواthey bit
حسداً عليك وطالما عضوا
They bit their lips and hands
in envy of you—and often have they bitten!
ولوواand they twisted معاطسهمtheir noses علىover لهبa flame
ولووا معاطسهم على لهب
تحتbeneath الكشوحthe flanks وليتهمand if only they رضواwere content
تحت الكشوح وليتهم رضوا
They twisted their noses over a flame
beneath their flanks; if only they were content.
فهناكso may it gladden you أنكthat you منتهىthe utmost أمليof my hope
فهناك أنك منتهى أملي
جادearnest وراجand hopeful ماno بهin him نهضstrength to rise
جاد وراج ما به نهض
May it gladden you that you are my utmost hope:
earnest and hopeful, I have no strength to rise.
Partial English translation: 110 of 118 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1