مَنwho رَأىhas seen أَعيُناًeyes حَذَفcast (verb beginning)
مَن رَأى أَعيُناً حَذَف
نَthey (feminine plural ending) الدُموعَthe tears الجَوارِياflowing
نَ الدُموعَ الجَوارِيا
Who has seen eyes that cast
He who saw eyes that shed
their flowing tears?
Tears flowing down
قَدindeed عَرَفنَthey have known السُهادَsleeplessness حَتuntil (beginning)
قَد عَرَفنَ السُهادَ حَت
تىuntil (ending) نَكَرنَthey no longer recognized اللَيالِياthe nights
تى نَكَرنَ اللَيالِيا
They have known sleeplessness
Would know happiness until
until the nights became strangers to them.
The nights became unrecognizable
تَتبَعُfollows النَجمَthe star نَظرَةٌa gaze
تَتبَعُ النَجمَ نَظرَةٌ
وَالوَميضَand the lightning-flash اليَمانِياfrom Yemen
وَالوَميضَ اليَمانِيا
A gaze follows the star
A glance follows a star
and the lightning flashing from Yemen.
And a Yemeni glow
كُلَّevery يَومٍday يَجِدنَthey find رَبa dwelling (beginning)
كُلَّ يَومٍ يَجِدنَ رَب
عاًa dwelling (ending) مِنَfrom الحَيِّthe tribe خالِياًdeserted
عاً مِنَ الحَيِّ خالِياً
Every day they find a dwelling
Each day it finds a quarter
deserted among the tribe,
Of life empty
بِدُموعٍwith tears رَوائِحاًflowing at evening
بِدُموعٍ رَوائِحاً
وَدِماءٍand blood غَوادِياflowing at dawn
وَدِماءٍ غَوادِيا
with tears flowing at evening
With tears it has fragrances
and blood at dawn.
And with blood, valleys
إِنif تَرَyou see الطَرفَthe eye دامِعاًweeping
إِن تَرَ الطَرفَ دامِعاً
فَاِعلَمِthen know القَلبَthe heart دامِياbleeding
فَاِعلَمِ القَلبَ دامِيا
If you see the eye weeping,
If you see a moist eyelid
know that the heart is bleeding.
Know the heart is dripping
قُلsay لِوادٍto a valley عَلىat الثَوِيal-Thawiyya (name, beginning)
قُل لِوادٍ عَلى الثَوِي
يَةِal-Thawiyya (name, ending) حُيِّيتَmay you be greeted وادِياas a valley
يَةِ حُيِّيتَ وادِيا
Say to a valley at al-Thawiyya:
Say to a lover on passion
"Greetings to you, valley!"
I greeted you, oh valley
أَينَwhere قَومٌa people عَهِدتُهُمI once knew them
أَينَ قَومٌ عَهِدتُهُم
يَملَؤونَthey fill المَقارِياthe guest-bowls
يَملَؤونَ المَقارِيا
Where are the people I once knew
Where are people I knew
filling the guest-bowls?
Who filled the plains
لاnot يُخَلّىis left غَديرُهُمtheir pool
لا يُخَلّى غَديرُهُم
عَنwithout حَياlife-giving bounty of الماءِthe water ظامِياparched
عَن حَيا الماءِ ظامِيا
Their pool is never left
Their streams don’t lack
parched, without life-giving water.
Water that flows turbid
لَحَّبواthey blazed a path through المَجدَglory وَاِبتَنَواand they built
لَحَّبوا المَجدَ وَاِبتَنَوا
فيin المَعاليthe heights of honor مَبانِياedifices
في المَعالي مَبانِيا
They blazed glory's path and built
They loved glory and built
edifices amid the heights of honor.
Edifices on high
وَثَبوهاthey leapt to them وَغَيرُهُمand others
وَثَبوها وَغَيرُهُم
صَعِدوهاthey climbed them مَراقِياby steps
صَعِدوها مَراقِيا
They leapt to those heights, while others
They mounted it while others
climbed them step by step.
Climbed it step by step
مَعشَرٌa people إِنif بَلَوتَهُمyou tested them
مَعشَرٌ إِن بَلَوتَهُم
غَيبَهُمtheir hidden selves وَالمَبادِياand the outward aspects
غَيبَهُم وَالمَبادِيا
A people whom, if you tested
A group, if tested by
in their hidden and outward selves,
Absence and deserts
كَرُمواthey were noble أَنفُساًin souls عِظاgreat (beginning)
كَرُموا أَنفُساً عِظا
ماًgreat (ending) وَراقواand they were pleasing مَجالِياin outward appearance
ماً وَراقوا مَجالِيا
you would find noble, great souls
Honored themselves greatly
and splendid outward bearing.
And walked proudly
وَمُلوكٌand kings قادواled الرُؤوthe heads (beginning)
وَمُلوكٌ قادوا الرُؤو
سَthe heads (ending) مُطيعاًthe obedient وَآبِياand the defiant
سَ مُطيعاً وَآبِيا
And kings who led the heads
Kings who led nations
of the obedient and the defiant,
Submissive and unyielding
لاnot يُبالونَthey heed فيin القِياleading (beginning)
لا يُبالونَ في القِيا
دِleading (ending) الرِقابَthe necks العَواصِياrebellious
دِ الرِقابَ العَواصِيا
paying no heed, in their rule,
Not caring in leadership
to rebellious necks.
For necks that rebel
وَإِذاand when اليَومَon the day قَرَّبواthey brought forward
وَإِذا اليَومَ قَرَّبوا
لِلطِعانِfor spear-fighting المَذاكِياthe full-grown steeds
لِلطِعانِ المَذاكِيا
And when, on battle day, they brought forward
And if today they meet
full-grown steeds for spear-fighting,
Those who find fault
أَعجَلواthey hurried المُلجِماتِthe bridlers أَوor
أَعجَلوا المُلجِماتِ أَو
رَكِبوهاthey rode them عَوارِياbareback
رَكِبوها عَوارِيا
they hurried the bridlers, or
They hurry steeds or
rode the steeds bareback.
Ride them bareback
وَرَسَواand they settled firmly فيon ظُهورِهاtheir backs
وَرَسَوا في ظُهورِها
يَعلَقونَthey cling to النَواصِياthe forelocks
يَعلَقونَ النَواصِيا
They settled firmly on their backs,
And gallop on their backs
clinging to the forelocks,
Hanging onto their manes
كَأُسودِlike the lions of الشَرىal-Shara رَكِبrode (verb beginning)
كَأُسودِ الشَرى رَكِب
نَthey (feminine plural ending) الظِباءَthe gazelles العَواطِياstretching up to browse
نَ الظِباءَ العَواطِيا
like the lions of al-Shara riding
Like lions of combat rode
gazelles reaching up to browse.
Mares leaping
وَإِذاand when ماemphatic particle غَداbecame فَمُthe mouth of الthe (article, continued)
وَإِذا ما غَدا فَمُ ال
شَمسِsun بِالنَقعِwith the dust راغِياfoaming
شَمسِ بِالنَقعِ راغِيا
And when the mouth of the
And when the sun’s mouth
sun foamed with dust,
In the morning drips heat
حَفِظواthey guarded عَورَةَthe vulnerable flank of العُلىlofty honor
حَفِظوا عَورَةَ العُلى
وَرَقواand they rose لِلعَوالِياto the lofty spears
وَرَقوا لِلعَوالِيا
they guarded honor's exposed flank
They guarded the honor of glorification
and rose to meet the lofty spears.
And climbed to the heights
كَمhow often رَمَواthey hurled forward بِالمَطِيِّwith the mounts تِلthose (beginning)
كَم رَمَوا بِالمَطِيِّ تِل
كَthose (ending) الحُزونَthe rugged lands الفَيافِياthe deserts
كَ الحُزونَ الفَيافِيا
How often they drove their mounts across
How often they threw with their ride
those rugged, desert wastes,
Those heavy robes
يَعسِفونَthey force their way across الذُرىthe summits وَيَعand travel pathlessly (beginning)
يَعسِفونَ الذُرى وَيَع
تَسِفونَtravel pathlessly (ending) المَوامِياthe wildernesses
تَسِفونَ المَوامِيا
forcing their way over summits
Wronging the weak and
and traversing trackless wildernesses.
Trampling the dunes
جَمَّلواthey melted away شَحمَةَthe fat of السِناthe hump (beginning)
جَمَّلوا شَحمَةَ السِنا
مِthe hump (ending) وَقَدand indeed كانَit had been وارِياplump
مِ وَقَد كانَ وارِيا
They melted away the hump's fat,
They beautified the fat of old age
though it had once been plump.
When it had become unsightly
كُلُّeach صِلٍّviper يَبيتُspends the night فيin
كُلُّ صِلٍّ يَبيتُ في
مَربَإِthe lookout of النَجمِthe star رابِياrising high
مَربَإِ النَجمِ رابِيا
Each viper spends the night
Every brave one spends the night
high at the star's lookout.
Under the protection of a star
زَحَمَتjostled مِنهُمُamong them المَنوDeath (beginning)
زَحَمَت مِنهُمُ المَنو
نُDeath (ending) الجِبالَthe mountains الرَواسِياfirmly rooted
نُ الجِبالَ الرَواسِيا
Death assailed, among them,
Their crowds made
mountains firmly rooted.
The mountains overflow
لَمdid not تَخَفfear مِنهُمُfrom them القَناthe spears
لَم تَخَف مِنهُمُ القَنا
وَالدُروعَand the armor الأَواقِياprotective
وَالدُروعَ الأَواقِيا
It did not fear their spears
Armor and shields
or their protective armor.
Feared them not
قُلَلٌpeaks لِلعَلاءِof lofty honor عاbecame (verb beginning)
قُلَلٌ لِلعَلاءِ عا
دَتbecame (verb ending) تُراباًearth وَسافِياand wind-scattered dust
دَت تُراباً وَسافِيا
Peaks of lofty honor turned
Hills became dust
to earth and wind-scattered dust.
And traveled far
وَعِظامُand the mighty ones of البَلاءِbattle-prowess صاbecame (verb beginning)
وَعِظامُ البَلاءِ صا
رواthey became (verb ending) عِظاماًbones بَوالِياdecaying
روا عِظاماً بَوالِيا
The mighty in battle became
And the bones of ordeals
decaying bones.
Became scattered remains
وَمَضَواand they departed مُعقِبينَleaving behind إِرa legacy (beginning)
وَمَضَوا مُعقِبينَ إِر
ثاًa legacy (ending) مِنَof المَجدِglory باقِياenduring
ثاً مِنَ المَجدِ باقِيا
They departed, leaving a legacy
And they passed on leaving
of glory that endures.
An inheritance of lasting glory
كُلَّماwhenever أَحرَزواthey attained المَكاnoble virtues (beginning)
كُلَّما أَحرَزوا المَكا
رِمَnoble virtues (ending) شادواthey built up المَعالِياthe heights of honor
رِمَ شادوا المَعالِيا
Whenever they attained noble virtues,
Whenever they won
they built up the heights of honor.
Generosity they built edifices
فَهُمُso they اليَومَtoday جيرَةٌneighbors
فَهُمُ اليَومَ جيرَةٌ
لاnot يُجيبونَthey answer داعِياa caller
لا يُجيبونَ داعِيا
So today they are neighbors
While today they are
who answer no caller.
Neighbors who don’t respond to a caller
قَرَعَstruck الذُلُّhumiliation مِنهُمُamong them
قَرَعَ الذُلُّ مِنهُمُ
مارِناًa nose-tip كانَwas حامِياfiercely proud
مارِناً كانَ حامِيا
Humiliation struck, among them,
Humiliation knocked
a nose-tip once fiercely proud.
At their dwellings that were guarded
وَأَناخواand they halted مُناخَat the resting place of مَنone who
وَأَناخوا مُناخَ مَن
لَمnot يُرَwas seen الدَهرَthrough all time سارِياjourneying
لَم يُرَ الدَهرَ سارِيا
And they halted where one rests
And they pitched a camp
who, through all time, is never seen journeying.
The likes of which was never seen
طَوَّحَتهُمflung them far أَيديthe hands of المَنوDeath (beginning)
طَوَّحَتهُم أَيدي المَنو
نِDeath (ending) الغُيوبَthe unseen realms الأَقاصِياfarthest
نِ الغُيوبَ الأَقاصِيا
The hands of Death flung them
The hands of time have brought them down
into the farthest unseen realms,
To the most distant horizons
كَنِبالِlike the arrows of القاريَّthe Qari يَرshoots (verb beginning)
كَنِبالِ القاريَّ يَر
ميshoots (verb ending) بِهِنَّwith them المَرامِياthe targets
مي بِهِنَّ المَرامِيا
like the Qari's arrows,
Like heavy rain I
which he shoots toward his targets.
Pelted them with my arrows
كُنتُI used to مِنthrough مَجدِهِمtheir glory أَحِلI dwell (verb beginning)
كُنتُ مِن مَجدِهِم أَحِل
لُI dwell (verb ending) الذُرىthe summits وَالرَوابِياand the hills
لُ الذُرى وَالرَوابِيا
Through their glory I used to dwell
From their glory I adorned
on summits and hills.
Myself with necklaces and bracelets
وَإِذاand whenever شِئتُI wished زاحَمواthey pressed forward
وَإِذا شِئتُ زاحَموا
بِالقَناwith spears مِنfrom وَرائِياbehind me
بِالقَنا مِن وَرائِيا
And whenever I wished, they pressed forward
And if I wished they competed
with spears from behind me.
With the spears behind me
أَقرَضونيthey lent me مِنof عِزِّهِمtheir might
أَقرَضوني مِن عِزِّهِم
وازِنَweighty in القَدرِworth وافِياcomplete
وازِنَ القَدرِ وافِيا
They lent me of their might
They lent me from their honor
a full measure, weighty in worth.
Balanced and complete
فَجُزواso they were recompensed أَنin that قَضَيتُهُمI repaid them
فَجُزوا أَن قَضَيتُهُم
مِنfrom يَديmy hand أَوor لِسانِياmy tongue
مِن يَدي أَو لِسانِيا
So they were recompensed by my repayment,
So they deserved that I repay
with my hand or my tongue.
Them from me, by hand or tongue
وَإِذاand when أَعوَزَwas lacking الجَزاrecompense (beginning)
وَإِذا أَعوَزَ الجَزا
ءُrecompense (ending) جَزَيتُI repaid القَوافِياthe rhyming verses
ءُ جَزَيتُ القَوافِيا
And when recompense was lacking,
And if repayment falls short
I repaid them in rhyming verses.
I repay with verses
وَأَرىand I see بَعدَهُمafter them مُواa loving friend (beginning)
وَأَرى بَعدَهُم مُوا
مِقَa loving friend (ending) قَوميmy people مُرامِياhurling missiles
مِقَ قَومي مُرامِيا
After them, I see the loving friend
And I see after them the women
of my people hurling missiles,
Of my people flirting
وَرِجالاًand men قَدindeed أَعبَقواhave made cling
وَرِجالاً قَد أَعبَقوا
بِالبُرودِto the cloaks المَخازِياdisgraces
بِالبُرودِ المَخازِيا
and men who have made
And men who reek
disgrace cling to their cloaks.
Of cold indifference
إِنif لَقونيthey meet me أَصادِقاًas friends
إِن لَقوني أَصادِقاً
فارَقونيthey part from me أَعادِياas enemies
فارَقوني أَعادِيا
If they meet me as friends,
If they meet me as friends
they leave me as enemies.
They leave me as enemies
ماnot تَرىyou see الناسَpeople كَالبِهاlike lambs (beginning)
ما تَرى الناسَ كَالبِها
مِlambs (ending) يُوَقِّعنَthey bring down ضارِياa ravening beast
مِ يُوَقِّعنَ ضارِيا
Do you not see people like lambs
You don’t see people
that bring down a ravening beast?
Inflicting harm
كُلَّevery يَومٍday يُجَهِّزوthey send forth (verb beginning)
كُلَّ يَومٍ يُجَهِّزو
نَindicative verb ending إِلىto اللَهِGod غازِياa warrior
نَ إِلى اللَهِ غازِيا
Every day they send forth
Each day they prepare
a warrior to God,
To march against God
وَيَقودونَand they lead سالِياًuntroubled
وَيَقودونَ سالِياً
عَنafter قَليلٍa short while وَناسِياand forgetful
عَن قَليلٍ وَناسِيا
and they lead away one untroubled,
And they lead an army
and forgetful, before long.
Heedless and forgetful
ريعَةُa small group of الذَودِshe-camels قَدalready أَمِنfelt safe (verb beginning)
ريعَةُ الذَودِ قَد أَمِن
نَthey (feminine plural ending) عَلىdespite القُربِnearness حادِياa camel-driver
نَ عَلى القُربِ حادِيا
The small herd of she-camels feels safe,
The sheep feel safe
even with a camel-driver close by.
From the wolf nearby
قَدindeed رَجَعناwe returned ضَواحِكاًlaughing
قَد رَجَعنا ضَواحِكاً
وَمَضَيناand we went forth بَواكِياweeping
وَمَضَينا بَواكِيا
We returned laughing,
We have returned laughing
though we had gone out weeping.
And left crying
وَتَرىand you see المَرءَthe man إِنif رَأىhe sees
وَتَرى المَرءَ إِن رَأى
عارِضَthe looming cloud of الخَطبِcalamity رانِياstaring
عارِضَ الخَطبِ رانِيا
And you see a man, when he sees
You see a man, if he faces
calamity's looming cloud, staring,
Disasters, shaking
خافِقَfluttering الجَأشِthe heart ناظِراًlooking
خافِقَ الجَأشِ ناظِراً
مَنwho يُجيبُwill answer الدَواعِياthe appeals
مَن يُجيبُ الدَواعِيا
with fluttering heart, looking
With anxious heart looking
for someone who will answer the appeals.
At who would answer the call
فَإِذاthen when اِنجابَis dispelled لَيلُهُhis night
فَإِذا اِنجابَ لَيلُهُ
وَاِنجَلىand cleared away عَنهُfrom him ناجِياsafe
وَاِنجَلى عَنهُ ناجِيا
Then, when his night is dispelled
But when his night recedes
and clears away from him, leaving him safe,
And the confidant leaves
طَرَحَhe casts الهَمَّdistress جانِباًaside
طَرَحَ الهَمَّ جانِباً
وَتَمَنّىand he wished for الأَمانِياwishes
وَتَمَنّى الأَمانِيا
he casts his distress aside
He discards his worry
and indulges in wishes.
And wishes for hopes
ماwhat لِهَذاwith this الزَمانِage يُلcasts (verb beginning)
ما لِهَذا الزَمانِ يُل
قيcasts (verb ending) عَلَيناupon us المَراسِياthe anchors
قي عَلَينا المَراسِيا
What ails this age, that it casts
Why does time
its anchors upon us?
Bring calamities upon us
كُلَّevery يَومٍday يَجلوit reveals عَلَيupon (continued)
كُلَّ يَومٍ يَجلو عَلَي
ناus (pronoun ending) خُطوباًcalamities عَوادِياassailing
نا خُطوباً عَوادِيا
Every day it unveils before us
Each day it exposes us
calamities that assail us.
To new afflictions
كَمhow many طَوىit folded away بِالرَدىthrough death صَفيa dear friend (beginning)
كَم طَوى بِالرَدى صَفي
ياًa dear friend (ending) لِقَلبيto my heart مُصافِياfaithful
ياً لِقَلبي مُصافِيا
How many a dear friend it has folded away in death,
How much has it folded in loss
one true to my heart—
A relief for my heart
ثالِثَa third to الناظِرَينِthe two pupils عِزpreciousness (beginning)
ثالِثَ الناظِرَينِ عِز
زاًpreciousness (ending) وَلِلنَفسِand to the soul ثانِياa second
زاً وَلِلنَفسِ ثانِيا
a third to my two pupils in preciousness,
Supreme over the two watchful eyes
and a second to my soul.
And second to the soul
صارَbecame بِالدَمعِfor tears آمِراًcommanding
صارَ بِالدَمعِ آمِراً
فيهِover him مَنhe who كانَwas ناهِياforbidding
فيهِ مَن كانَ ناهِيا
He now commands tears
It has become, with tears,
over himself, he who once forbade them.
A commander over one who would forbid
أَغتَديI begin the day مِنهُwithout him عاطِلاًunadorned
أَغتَدي مِنهُ عاطِلاً
بَعدَماafter كُنتُI was حالِياadorned
بَعدَما كُنتُ حالِيا
I begin the day unadorned, without him,
I have stopped drinking it
after once being adorned.
After being entertained
عَطِّلِleave unused الكَأسَthe cup لاnot تُحِسyou sense (verb beginning)
عَطِّلِ الكَأسَ لا تُحِس
سَyou sense (verb ending) النَديمَthe drinking companion المُعاطِياwho shares the cup
سَ النَديمَ المُعاطِيا
Leave the cup idle—you cannot sense
Stop the wine, don’t make
the companion who shared it with you.
The companion pour
إِنif تَفِضoverflows عَبرَتيmy tear تَجِدyou will find
إِن تَفِض عَبرَتي تَجِد
كَمَدَthe grief of القَلبِthe heart باقِياremaining
كَمَدَ القَلبِ باقِيا
If my tears overflow, you will find
If my tears flow
the heart's grief abiding.
You’ll find the heart still dripping
رُبَّماperhaps; sometimes تَعرِفُyou know الجَوىburning inward grief
رُبَّما تَعرِفُ الجَوى
وَتَرىand you see الدَمعَthe tears غالِياdear; costly
وَتَرى الدَمعَ غالِيا
You may know the heart's burning pain
Maybe you’ll know the burning
yet find tears costly.
And see the tears still flowing
Sol 6.1