لَونُthe hue of الشَبينَةِyouth (apparent reading) أَنصَلُquickest to fade الأَلوانِthe hues
لَونُ الشَبينَةِ أَنصَلُ الأَلوانِ
وَالشَيبُand gray hair جُلُّthe greatest of عَمائِمِturbans of الفِتيانِyoung men
وَالشَيبُ جُلُّ عَمائِمِ الفِتيانِ
The hue of youth is the quickest of hues to fade;
The color of youth is the finest of hues,
gray hair is the chief of young men's turbans.
And gray hair is the crown of young men’s turbans.
نَبتٌa growth بِأَعلىatop الرَأسِthe head يَرعاهُgrazes it الرَدىdeath
نَبتٌ بِأَعلى الرَأسِ يَرعاهُ الرَدى
رَعيَas the grazing of المَطِيِّriding camels مَنابِتَgrowths of الغيطانِlowland fields
رَعيَ المَطِيِّ مَنابِتَ الغيطانِ
A growth atop the head, grazed by death
A growth at the top of the head nurtured by time,
as riding camels graze the growth of lowland fields.
That grazed the pastures where the mounts once roamed.
الشَيبُgray hair أَحسَنُfairer غَيرَexcept أَنَّthat غَضارَةًfreshness
الشَيبُ أَحسَنُ غَيرَ أَنَّ غَضارَةً
لِلمَرءِfor a man فيin وَرَقِthe foliage of الشَبابِyouth الآنيin its prime
لِلمَرءِ في وَرَقِ الشَبابِ الآني
Gray hair is fairer, yet there is freshness
Gray hair is best, though to a man it's regretful
for a man in the foliage of youth in its prime.
Among the leaves of youth that still remain.
وَكَذاand likewise بَياضُthe whiteness of الناظِرينَthe two eyes وَإِنَّماyet only
وَكَذا بَياضُ الناظِرينَ وَإِنَّما
بِسَوادِهاthrough their blackness تَتَأَمَّلُgaze العَينانِthe two eyes
بِسَوادِها تَتَأَمَّلُ العَينانِ
So too the whiteness of the eyes; yet only
As the eyes whiten, though it’s their darkness
through their blackness do the two eyes gaze.
Through which the pupils contemplate.
لَهفيmy sorrow! عَلىover زَمَنٍa time مَضىthat passed وَكَأَنَّنيand as though I
لَهفي عَلى زَمَنٍ مَضى وَكَأَنَّني
مِنfrom بَعدِهِafter it كَلٌّa burden عَلىupon الأَزمانِthe ages
مِن بَعدِهِ كَلٌّ عَلى الأَزمانِ
Alas for a time gone by! It is as though I
I yearn for a time now gone, as if thereafter,
am, after its passing, a burden upon the ages.
I'm shackled by time and unable to break free.
أَفنَيتُهُI spent it طاغيraging in العُرامِrecklessness كَأَنَّماas though
أَفنَيتُهُ طاغي العُرامِ كَأَنَّما
فيin أُمِّthe core of رَأسيmy head نَخوَةُthe arrogance of السَكرانِthe drunkard
في أُمِّ رَأسي نَخوَةُ السَكرانِ
I spent it in raging recklessness, as though
I wasted it, drunk with passion, as if in my head
a drunkard's arrogance filled the core of my head.
Was the intoxication of the sotted mind.
يَرجوhopes الفَتىthe young man خُلَسَstolen moments of البَقاءِsurvival وَإِنَّماyet only
يَرجو الفَتى خُلَسَ البَقاءِ وَإِنَّما
جاراthe two companions of حَياةِthe life of العُمرِa lifetime مُفتَرِقانِare parted
جارا حَياةِ العُمرِ مُفتَرِقانِ
The young man hopes for stolen moments of survival, yet
The youth hopes for a secret longevity, though
the two companions sharing a lifetime must part.
The life of man and death run side by side.
مُتَعَرِّضٌexposed إِمّاeither لِلَونٍto a hue حائِلٍchanging
مُتَعَرِّضٌ إِمّا لِلَونٍ حائِلٍ
بَينَamong الذَوائِبِthe locks أَوor لِعُمرٍto a lifetime فانِfading
بَينَ الذَوائِبِ أَو لِعُمرٍ فانِ
He is exposed either to a changing hue
Vulnerable either to a veil that comes between,
among his locks, or to a life that fades.
The locks, or to a lifetime that fades away.
ماwhat ليhave I وَماand what لِلدَهرِhas Time قَلقَلَshook صَرفُهُits turns
ما لي وَما لِلدَهرِ قَلقَلَ صَرفُهُ
عَزميmy resolve وَقَطَّعَand severed بَينُهُits parting أَقرانيmy peers
عَزمي وَقَطَّعَ بَينُهُ أَقراني
What have I to do with Time? Its turns have shaken
Why complain of fate? Its caprice broke
my resolve, and its partings have cut away my peers.
My resolve and severed my peers from me.
وَرَمىand cast بِشَخصيmy person حَرَّthe heat of كُلَّevery مَفازَةٍwilderness
وَرَمى بِشَخصي حَرَّ كُلَّ مَفازَةٍ
لاnot يَستَقِلُّundertakes بِهاthrough it مَطِيُّmounts of جَبانِa coward
لا يَستَقِلُّ بِها مَطِيُّ جَبانِ
It has cast my person into the heat of every wilderness
It flung me into every perilous desert,
where no coward's mounts would venture.
Where no timid rider dares to tread.
مُتَغَرِّباًfar from home لاnot أَستَجيرُI seek shelter بِمَنزِلٍin a dwelling
مُتَغَرِّباً لا أَستَجيرُ بِمَنزِلٍ
فَإِذاand if نَزَلتُI alight فَعَقلَةُthen the tethering of الضيفانِguests
فَإِذا نَزَلتُ فَعَقلَةُ الضيفانِ
Far from home, I seek no shelter in a dwelling;
A stranger, with no home for shelter,
if I alight, it is only a guest's tethering.
So when I alight, the guest room welcomes me.
سَيفيmy sword رَفيقيmy companion فيin البِلادِthe lands وَهِمَّتيand my aspiration
سَيفي رَفيقي في البِلادِ وَهِمَّتي
مُتَعَلَّليmy consolation وَجَوانِحيand my heart's recesses خُلّانيmy friends
مُتَعَلَّلي وَجَوانِحي خُلّاني
My sword is my companion through the lands, my aspiration
My sword is my friend in foreign lands, and my ambition
my consolation, and my heart's recesses my friends.
Though frustrated, still stirs my senses.
يَشكوcomplains الحَبيبُthe beloved إِلَيَّto me شِدَّةَthe intensity of شَوقِهِhis longing
يَشكو الحَبيبُ إِلَيَّ شِدَّةَ شَوقِهِ
وَأَناand I المَشوقُthe longing one وَماyet not يَبينُreveals itself جَنانيmy heart
وَأَنا المَشوقُ وَما يَبينُ جَناني
The beloved complains to me of his intense longing,
The beloved complains of his ardent longing to me,
though I am the longing one, and my heart reveals nothing.
Yet I am the one who ignites, though veils me.
وَإِذاand when هَمَمتُI thought بِمَنof the one whom أُحِبُّI love أَمالَنيturned me aside
وَإِذا هَمَمتُ بِمَن أُحِبُّ أَمالَني
حَصَرٌshyness يَعوقُthat hinders وَعِفَّةٌand chastity تَنهانيforbids me
حَصَرٌ يَعوقُ وَعِفَّةٌ تَنهاني
When I think of the one I love, I am turned aside
When I desire whom I love, propriety
by shyness that hinders and chastity that forbids me.
Prevents and chastity rebukes me.
لِلَّهِto God! ماwhat أَغضَتclosed عَلَيهِover it جَوانِحيmy breast
لِلَّهِ ما أَغضَت عَلَيهِ جَوانِحي
وَالشَوقُand longing تَحتَbeneath حِجابِthe veil of قَلبِيَmy heart عانِcaptive
وَالشَوقُ تَحتَ حِجابِ قَلبِيَ عانِ
How wondrous, by God, what my breast has veiled,
By God, I do not unleash upon him my passions,
while longing lies captive beneath my heart's veil!
Though yearning lies cloaked within my heart.
ماnever مَرَّpassed بَرقٌlightning فيthrough فُروجِthe clefts of غَمامَةٍa cloud
ما مَرَّ بَرقٌ في فُروجِ غَمامَةٍ
إِلّاexcept وَأَعدىand infected القَلبَthe heart بِالخَفَقانِwith throbbing
إِلّا وَأَعدى القَلبَ بِالخَفَقانِ
No lightning ever passed through a cloud's clefts
No lightning flashed in the crevices of clouds
without infecting the heart with throbbing.
Without jolting the heart with a tremble.
وَإِذاand when تَحَرَّكَتِstirred الرِياحُthe winds تَحَرَّكَتstirred
وَإِذا تَحَرَّكَتِ الرِياحُ تَحَرَّكَت
بَينَbetween الضُلوعِthe ribs غَوامِضُthe hidden depths of الأَشجانِsorrows
بَينَ الضُلوعِ غَوامِضُ الأَشجانِ
And when the winds stir, there stir
When the winds blow, the groves of anguish
between the ribs the hidden depths of sorrow.
Stir between the ribs their dancing shadows.
أَجَمَمتُI rested لَحظيmy gaze عِفَّةًout of chastity وَسَجِيَّةًand as a habit
أَجَمَمتُ لَحظي عِفَّةً وَسَجِيَّةً
أَنthat لاnot أَجُمَّI let rest البيضَwhite blades فيin الأَجفانِthe sheaths
أَن لا أَجُمَّ البيضَ في الأَجفانِ
I have rested my gaze in chastity, and made it my habit
I've trained my gaze in modesty and reserve
not to let white blades rest within their sheaths.
Not to meet the whites in the eyes.
غَيرانُjealous دونَin defense of العِرضِhonor لاnot أَسخوI give freely بِهِwith it
غَيرانُ دونَ العِرضِ لا أَسخو بِهِ
وَالعِرضُand honor خَيرُthe best عَقيلَةِtreasured possession of الإِنسانِa person
وَالعِرضُ خَيرُ عَقيلَةِ الإِنسانِ
Jealous in defense of honor, I do not give it away;
Jealous of honor, I give it not up,
honor is a person's most precious possession.
For honor is man's most faithful ally.
وَأَذودُand I ward off عَنfrom سَمعيmy hearing المَلامَreproach كَأَنَّهُas though it
وَأَذودُ عَن سَمعي المَلامَ كَأَنَّهُ
عُصوٌa limb (apparent reading) أَخافُI fear عَلَيهِfor it حَدَّthe edge of سِنانِa spearpoint
عُصوٌ أَخافُ عَلَيهِ حَدَّ سِنانِ
I ward reproach away from my hearing, as though it were
I ward off from my hearing any blame,
a limb I fear a spearpoint's edge might hurt.
As if it were a neck risking the sword's bite.
ليI have يَقظَةُthe vigilance of الذِئبِthe wolf الحَبيثِcunning (apparent reading) فَإِنbut if جَرىoccurs
لي يَقظَةُ الذِئبِ الحَبيثِ فَإِن جَرى
سَفَهٌfoolishness فَعِنديthen I have نَومَةُthe sleep of الظَرِبانِthe polecat
سَفَهٌ فَعِندي نَومَةُ الظَرِبانِ
I have the vigilance of a cunning wolf; but if
I stay alert like the sly wolf, so if nonsense spews,
foolishness occurs, I have the sleep of a polecat.
I have the nap of contented camels.
حَدَثٌsolicitous (apparent reading) عَلىtoward الأَحبابِloved ones لاnot أَشكوI complain of الَّذيthe one who
حَدَثٌ عَلى الأَحبابِ لا أَشكو الَّذي
يَشكوcomplains وَلاnor أَنسىI forget الَّذيthe one who يَنسانيforgets me
يَشكو وَلا أَنسى الَّذي يَنساني
Solicitous toward loved ones, I do not complain of the one
Of loved ones I make no complaint of one
who complains, nor forget the one who forgets me.
Who laments, or forget the one who forgets me.
أَشكوI complain of النَوائِبَcalamities ثُمَّthen أَشكُرُI thank فِعلَهاtheir action
أَشكو النَوائِبَ ثُمَّ أَشكُرُ فِعلَها
لِعَظيمِfor the enormity of ماwhat أَلقىI suffer مِنَfrom الخُلّانِfriends
لِعَظيمِ ما أَلقى مِنَ الخُلّانِ
I complain of calamities, then thank them for their work,
I blame misfortunes, then give thanks for their deeds,
because of the enormity of what I suffer from friends.
For the lessons of forbearance they have taught me.
وَإِذاand if أَمِنتَyou are safe مِنَfrom الزَمانِTime فَلاthen do not تَكُنbe
وَإِذا أَمِنتَ مِنَ الزَمانِ فَلا تَكُن
إِلّاexcept عَلىon حَذَرٍguard مِنَagainst الإِخوانِbrothers
إِلّا عَلى حَذَرٍ مِنَ الإِخوانِ
And if you are safe from Time, do not be
If you feel safe from time, do not ever let down
anything but on guard against your brothers.
Your guard against even the closest of kin.
كَمhow many مِنof أَخٍa brother تَدعوهُyou call him عِندَat مُلِمَّةٍa calamity
كَم مِن أَخٍ تَدعوهُ عِندَ مُلِمَّةٍ
فَيَكونُand he proves أَعظَمَmore severe مِنthan يَدِthe hand of الحِدثانِmisfortune
فَيَكونُ أَعظَمَ مِن يَدِ الحِدثانِ
How many a brother you call upon in a calamity
How often a brother whom you call in distress
proves worse than the hand of misfortune!
Can heighten the calamity with his own hand!
لَولاwere it not for يَقينُthe certainty of القَلبِthe heart أَنَّكَthat you حَبسُهُits prison
لَولا يَقينُ القَلبِ أَنَّكَ حَبسُهُ
لَعَصىit would rebel وَهَمَّand contemplate عَليكَagainst you بِالعُدوانِaggression
لَعَصى وَهَمَّ عَليكَ بِالعُدوانِ
Were the heart not certain that you are its prison,
If not for your heart's conviction that holds you back,
it would rebel and contemplate an assault upon you.
It would disobey and aggress against you.
كَمhow often عَمَّمَتنيturbaned me بِالظَلامِwith darkness مَطِيَّةٌa mount
كَم عَمَّمَتني بِالظَلامِ مَطِيَّةٌ
بَعدَafter اِعوِجاجِthe crookedness of عَمائِمِthe turbans of الرُكبانِriders
بَعدَ اِعوِجاجِ عَمائِمِ الرُكبانِ
How often a mount has turbaned me with darkness
How many nights when travelers’ paths grew dark,
after the riders' turbans had tilted askew!
Have I been led astray after their turbans twisted!
وَاللَيلُand night أَعمىblind دونَbefore كُلِّevery ثَنِيَّةٍmountain pass
وَاللَيلُ أَعمى دونَ كُلِّ ثَنِيَّةٍ
وَالدَهرُand Time غَيرُnot مُغَمِّضِclosing الأَجفانِthe eyelids
وَالدَهرُ غَيرُ مُغَمِّضِ الأَجفانِ
Night is blind before every mountain pass,
The night is blind in every pass,
while Time never closes its eyelids.
While fate never closes its eyes.
وَكَأَنَّand as though أَنجُمَهُits stars أَسِنَّةُspearheads of فَيلَقٍan army
وَكَأَنَّ أَنجُمَهُ أَسِنَّةُ فَيلَقٍ
طَلَعَتrose بِهاbearing them صُمُّsolid الكُعوبِjoints دَوانيclose by
طَلَعَت بِها صُمُّ الكُعوبِ دَواني
As though its stars were an army's spearheads,
Its stars appear like the tips of lances
borne aloft by solid-jointed shafts close at hand.
Raised high by the elite horsemen's hands.
بَطلٌa hero يُعَمَّمُis turbaned بِالحُسامِwith a keen sword مِنَagainst الأَذىharm
بَطلٌ يُعَمَّمُ بِالحُسامِ مِنَ الأَذى
إِنَّindeed السُيوفَswords عَمائِمُturbans of الشُجعانِthe brave
إِنَّ السُيوفَ عَمائِمُ الشُجعانِ
A hero is turbaned with a keen blade against harm;
A hero whose turban protects him from harm—
swords are the turbans of the brave.
Swords are the turbans of the valiant.
قَطَعَabandoned الهُوَيناleisurely ease وَاِستَمَرَّand pressed onward وَإِنَّماand indeed
قَطَعَ الهُوَينا وَاِستَمَرَّ وَإِنَّما
بَعضُsome التَوَكُّلِreliance فيin الأُمورِaffairs تَوانِprocrastination
بَعضُ التَوَكُّلِ في الأُمورِ تَوانِ
He abandoned leisurely ease and pressed onward; for
He crossed the valley and marched on, verily
some reliance in affairs is merely procrastination.
Patience in matters is a kind of dependence.
مَيتٌa dead man يَهونُis slight عَلىto الفَوارِسِhorsemen فَقدُهُhis loss
مَيتٌ يَهونُ عَلى الفَوارِسِ فَقدُهُ
مَنwhoever لاnot يُرِقُّwears thin عَوالِيَthe tips of المُرّانِash-wood spears
مَن لا يُرِقُّ عَوالِيَ المُرّانِ
A dead man whose loss is slight to horsemen
To horsemen, loss of the dead is easy,
is he who does not wear down the tips of ash-wood spears.
For only the honorable lament the noble.
ماnone ضاقَwas straitened هَمّاًby care كَالشُجاعِlike the brave وَلاnor خَلاwas free
ما ضاقَ هَمّاً كَالشُجاعِ وَلا خَلا
بِمَسَرَّةٍfor delight كَالعاجِزِlike the helpless المُتَوانيthe laggard
بِمَسَرَّةٍ كَالعاجِزِ المُتَواني
None is so straitened by care as the brave, nor so free
None feel anguish like the brave, nor know
to enjoy delight as the helpless laggard.
Delight like the helpless weakling.
ياراكِبَO rider of الهَوجاءِthe headlong she-camel تَغتَرِفُscoops up الخُطىstrides
ياراكِبَ الهَوجاءِ تَغتَرِفُ الخُطى
طَلَقَthe sprint of الظَليمِthe male ostrich وَغايَةَand the utmost speed of السِرحانِthe wolf
طَلَقَ الظَليمِ وَغايَةَ السِرحانِ
O rider of the headlong she-camel, whose strides scoop up
O rider of the windswept steed, racing the miles,
the ostrich's sprint and the wolf's utmost speed!
Beyond the dusty valley to journey's end.
أَبلِغconvey to أَميرَthe Commander of المُؤمِنينَthe Faithful رِسالَةًa message
أَبلِغ أَميرَ المُؤمِنينَ رِسالَةً
رَوعاءَawe-inspiring نافِرَةًstanding apart عَنِfrom الأَقرانِits peers
رَوعاءَ نافِرَةً عَنِ الأَقرانِ
Convey to the Commander of the Faithful a message
Convey to the Commander of Faithfuls a message—
awe-inspiring, standing apart from its peers.
Startling news that keeps nobles awake.
أَجزَلتَyou made lavish عارِفَتيmy share of bounty وَعَوَّدتَand accustomed العَطاgiving
أَجزَلتَ عارِفَتي وَعَوَّدتَ العَطا
عَقِبيmy heels وَوَلَّيتَand entrusted اليَراعَthe reed pen بَنانيmy fingers
عَقِبي وَوَلَّيتَ اليَراعَ بَناني
You have lavished favors on me and made gifts attend
You fulfilled my knowing, and gave freely,
my footsteps, and entrusted the reed pen to my fingers.
Making my future prosper and blessings rain.
ماnot ضَرَّنيharmed me أَنthat لَوif بَعِدتُI remained far عَنِfrom الغِنىwealth
ما ضَرَّني أَن لَو بَعِدتُ عَنِ الغِنى
أَبَداًforever وَأَنّيwhile I مِنfrom لِقائِكَmeeting you دانِnear
أَبَداً وَأَنّي مِن لِقائِكَ دانِ
It would not harm me to remain far from wealth
It matters not if I remain far removed
forever, provided I am near to meeting you.
From riches forever, when you are near.
وَيَسُرُّنيand it pleases me أَنthat لاnot يَرانيsees me دائِلٌone favored by fortune
وَيَسُرُّني أَن لا يَراني دائِلٌ
وَمُعَظِّمٌand an admirer يَوماًon any day وَأَنتَwhile you تَرانيsee me
وَمُعَظِّمٌ يَوماً وَأَنتَ تَراني
It pleases me that no man favored by fortune sees me,
I'm pleased that no petitioner sees me,
nor any admirer, on any day, so long as you see me.
Or flatterer, while you look upon me.
ذِكراكَremembrance of you آخِرُthe last of ماwhat يُفارِقُleaves خاطِريmy mind
ذِكراكَ آخِرُ ما يُفارِقُ خاطِري
وَنَداكَand your bounty أَوَّلُthe first وارِدٍarrival يَلقانيmeets me
وَنَداكَ أَوَّلُ وارِدٍ يَلقاني
Remembrance of you is the last thing to leave my mind,
Thoughts of you are last to leave my mind,
and your bounty is the first arrival to meet me.
And calling you first to visit me each dawn.
وَإِذاand when حَطَطتُI set down my load عَلَيكَwith you أَقسَمَتِswore المُنىwishes
وَإِذا حَطَطتُ عَلَيكَ أَقسَمَتِ المُنى
أَنthat لاnot أُميلَI tilt ذَوائِبَthe crests of الكيرانِcamel-saddles
أَن لا أُميلَ ذَوائِبَ الكيرانِ
When I set down my load at your side, my wishes swear
When I come to you, my wishes swear
that I shall no longer tilt the crests of camel-saddles.
To never incline my cheek towards others.
وَتَرَكتُand I left أَيديthe forelegs of العيسِpale camels غَيرَnot مَروعَةٍfrightened
وَتَرَكتُ أَيدي العيسِ غَيرَ مَروعَةٍ
مِنby صَفصَفٍa level waste مُتَعَرِّضٍstretching across وَرِعانِand mountain spurs
مِن صَفصَفٍ مُتَعَرِّضٍ وَرِعانِ
I leave the pale camels' forelegs unfrightened
And I leave behind the flocks of Jesus, unafraid
by a stretching level waste or mountain spurs.
Of any sword, or spectral army's chain.
وَإِذاand when الفَتىthe young man بَلَغَattains المُنىwishes مِنfrom دَهرِهِhis lifetime
وَإِذا الفَتى بَلَغَ المُنى مِن دَهرِهِ
عافَshuns المَسيرَtravel وَلَذَّand delights بِالأَوطانِin homelands
عافَ المَسيرَ وَلَذَّ بِالأَوطانِ
When a young man attains his wishes in his lifetime,
When a man achieves his hopes in life,
he shuns travel and delights in his homeland.
He quits the journey and settles again.
أَنتَyou المُعينُthe helper عَلىwith مَآبِبَneeds (apparent reading) جَمَّةٍmany
أَنتَ المُعينُ عَلى مَآبِبَ جَمَّةٍ
وَجِماحِand the unruliness of حادِثَةٍa calamity وَرَيبِand the uncertainty of زَمانِTime
وَجِماحِ حادِثَةٍ وَرَيبِ زَمانِ
You are the helper in a multitude of needs,
You are the helper in events so grave,
against calamity's unruliness and Time's uncertainties.
And in the strikes of fate and raids of time.
وَالمُستَجارُand the refuge sought إِذاwhen تَصافَحَتِclasp together القَناspears
وَالمُستَجارُ إِذا تَصافَحَتِ القَنا
بِصُدورِهاwith their breasts وَاِلتَفَّتِand interlock الفِئَتانِthe two forces
بِصُدورِها وَاِلتَفَّتِ الفِئَتانِ
You are the refuge sought when spears clasp together
The refuge when spears collide together
with their breasts, and the two forces interlock.
And factions confront for the final fight.
مُتَيَقِّظٌwatchful لاnot القَلبُthe heart يَفتُرُslackens هَمُّهُits concern
مُتَيَقِّظٌ لا القَلبُ يَفتُرُ هَمُّهُ
يَوماًfor a day وَلاnor الجَفنانِthe two eyelids يَنعَقِدانِclose together
يَوماً وَلا الجَفنانِ يَنعَقِدانِ
Ever watchful, his heart's concern never slackens
Vigilant, with no rest for constant worries,
for a day, nor do his two eyelids close.
Nor sleep for my eyes throughout the days.
وَكَأَنَّماand as though صَرفُthe vicissitudes of الزَمانِTime أَعارَهُlent him
وَكَأَنَّما صَرفُ الزَمانِ أَعارَهُ
عَينَيthe two eyes of قَطامِيٍّa falcon بِرَأسِatop قِنانِQinan
عَينَي قَطامِيٍّ بِرَأسِ قِنانِ
As though the vicissitudes of Time had lent him
As if the wheel of time lent me eyes
the eyes of a falcon on Qinan's summit.
That never close like those of tireless beasts.
لاnot يَصحَبُaccompanies الأَيّامَthe days إِلّاexcept راغِباًseeking
لا يَصحَبُ الأَيّامَ إِلّا راغِباً
فيin وَصلَتيmy fellowship أَوor سائِلاًasking عَنabout شانيmy affairs
في وَصلَتي أَو سائِلاً عَن شاني
He accompanies the days only while seeking
Accompanying each day eagerly either
my fellowship, or asking after my affairs.
Seeking to join me or asking of my affairs,
فيin كُلِّevery يَومٍday يَستَثيرُstirs up عَجاجَةًa dust cloud
في كُلِّ يَومٍ يَستَثيرُ عَجاجَةً
هَوجاءَwild راغِبَةًexpansive عَلىover القيعانِthe open plains
هَوجاءَ راغِبَةً عَلى القيعانِ
Each day he stirs up a dust cloud,
Every day rousing a wind-borne mare
wild and vast over the open plains,
Galloping wildly over the plains,
فيamid فَيلَقٍan army تَعمىgrows blind الغَزالَةُthe sun دونَهُbefore it
في فَيلَقٍ تَعمى الغَزالَةُ دونَهُ
وَتَكوسُand topples خابِطَةًstumbling بِغَيرِwithout طِعانِspear-thrusts
وَتَكوسُ خابِطَةً بِغَيرِ طِعانِ
amid an army before which the sun grows blind
In troops that blind gazelles with their dust,
and topples, stumbling, without a spear-thrust.
And make them stumble without spears piercing.
مُتَضايِقٍclosely packed غَصَّتchoked بِهِon it فيحُthe expanses of الفَلاthe desert
مُتَضايِقٍ غَصَّت بِهِ فيحُ الفَلا
ضيقَas tightly as القَلائِدِnecklaces فيaround رِقابِthe necks of غَوانِbeautiful women
ضيقَ القَلائِدِ في رِقابِ غَوانِ
So closely packed that the broad deserts choke on it,
Pressed so tight the horses necks' are chafed
as tightly as necklaces about beautiful women's necks,
By collars in the packs of wild mares.
وَفَوارِساًand horsemen يَتَسَمَّعونَlisten إِلىtoward العُلىglory
وَفَوارِساً يَتَسَمَّعونَ إِلى العُلى
نَغَماتِthe notes of كُلِّevery حَنِيَّةٍbow مِرنانِresonant
نَغَماتِ كُلِّ حَنِيَّةٍ مِرنانِ
and horsemen who listen, intent on glory,
And horsemen listening for the melodies
to the notes of every resonant bow.
Of every soft-toned, supple-stringed lute.
مَشَقواslashed بِأَطرافِwith the tips of القَناspears قِمَمَthe crowns of العِداenemies
مَشَقوا بِأَطرافِ القَنا قِمَمَ العِدا
إِنَّindeed الرَماحَspears مَخاصِرُhand-staves of الفُرسانِhorsemen
إِنَّ الرَماحَ مَخاصِرُ الفُرسانِ
They slash the enemies' crowns with spear-tips;
They scaled with their spears the mountain peaks—
spears are the horsemen's hand-staves.
Spears besiege horsemen on battle days.
وَإِذاand when الغُبارُdust نَهىdenies العُيونَthe eyes تَدافَعواthey surge forward
وَإِذا الغُبارُ نَهى العُيونَ تَدافَعوا
فيamid الرَوعِbattle's terror وَاِتَّكَلواand relied عَلىon الآذانِthe ears
في الرَوعِ وَاِتَّكَلوا عَلى الآذانِ
When dust denies the eyes their sight, they surge forward
When the dust obscured their eyes they clashed
in battle's terror, relying on their ears.
Trusting their ears amidst the fray's chaos.
أُسدٌlions كَأَنَّas though عَلىupon سَنابِكِthe hooves of خَيلِهِمtheir horses
أُسدٌ كَأَنَّ عَلى سَنابِكِ خَيلِهِم
يَومَon the day of اللِقاءِencounter مُسِفَّةَlow-swooping العِقبانِeagles
يَومَ اللِقاءِ مُسِفَّةَ العِقبانِ
Lions, as though upon their horses' hooves
A lion, as if its claws upon their steeds
on the day of encounter were low-swooping eagles.
Were like vultures gripping prey on battle dawn.
تُرعىare grazed upon الجَماجِمُskulls وَالجَميمُand fresh herbage إِزاءَهاbeside them
تُرعى الجَماجِمُ وَالجَميمُ إِزاءَها
وَدَمُand the blood of الطُلىthroats بَدَلاًinstead مِنَof الغُدرانِpools
وَدَمُ الطُلى بَدَلاً مِنَ الغُدرانِ
Skulls serve as pasture, though fresh herbage lies beside them,
Skulls and flesh are equally grazed,
and throat-blood takes the place of pools.
And the blood of heroes flows like streams.
لَوif شِئتَyou wished شَتَّتَتِwould scatter الثَرَيّاthe Pleiades شَملَهاtheir gathering
لَو شِئتَ شَتَّتَتِ الثَرَيّا شَملَها
جَزَعاًin terror وَهَمَّand would intend النِسرُthe Eagle بِالطَيَرانِto fly
جَزَعاً وَهَمَّ النِسرُ بِالطَيَرانِ
If you wished, the Pleiades would scatter their cluster
Had you willed, you could have scattered the flocks
in terror, and the Eagle would make to fly.
In panic, as the eagles took to flight.
لَيسَnot الحَمائِمُdoves بِالبِطاحِin the valley flats وَحُجرُهاand their nests
لَيسَ الحَمائِمُ بِالبِطاحِ وَحُجرُها
بِأَعَزِّmore inviolable مِمّاthan what نِلتَهُyou attained بِأَمانِunder safe-conduct
بِأَعَزِّ مِمّا نِلتَهُ بِأَمانِ
The doves in the valley flats and their nests
These doves in your care are not cheap,
are no more inviolable than what you won under safe-conduct.
Nor what you gained through them by grace.
عَجَباًwonder! لِنارٍat a fire جاوَرَتكَthat came beside you خَديعَةًtreacherously
عَجَباً لِنارٍ جاوَرَتكَ خَديعَةً
فيin أَيِّwhichever ناحِيَةٍregion وَأَيَّand whichever مَغانيdwellings
في أَيِّ ناحِيَةٍ وَأَيَّ مَغاني
Marvel at a fire that came beside you treacherously,
Strange, how fire drew near you under false pretense!
in whatever region and whatever dwellings!
In what place or with what designs?
ماnot كانَwas ذاthis إِلّاexcept تَخَمُّطَthe fury of غارَةٍa raid
ما كانَ ذا إِلّا تَخَمُّطَ غارَةٍ
بُدِّلتَyou were given instead مِنin place of هَبَواتِهاits dust clouds بِدُخانِwith smoke
بُدِّلتَ مِن هَبَواتِها بِدُخانِ
That was nothing but the fury of a raid;
It was but the writhing of a fleeting spark,
you were given smoke in place of its dust clouds.
Which you transformed with your blaze to smoke.
ماnot ضَرَّharmed لَيثَthe lion of الغابِthe forest نارٌa fire أُضرِمَتwas kindled
ما ضَرَّ لَيثَ الغابِ نارٌ أُضرِمَت
فيin غابِهِhis forest وَنَجاand he escaped بِغَيرِwithout هَوانِdisgrace
في غابِهِ وَنَجا بِغَيرِ هَوانِ
The forest's lion was not harmed by a fire kindled
The lion of the forest is untouched by a fire
in his forest: he escaped without disgrace.
Lit in his jungle as he escapes unharmed.
وَمَتىand when تُهُضِّمَwas diminished ضَيغَمٌa lion وَتَوَلَّعَتand toyed
وَمَتى تُهُضِّمَ ضَيغَمٌ وَتَوَلَّعَت
بِحَياwith the life-giving rain of الغُيوثِrainstorms أَنامِلُthe fingers of النيرانِfires
بِحَيا الغُيوثِ أَنامِلُ النيرانِ
When has a lion ever been brought low, or
When have sparks ever enflamed oceans,
fire's fingers toyed with rainstorms' life-giving water?
Or lightning's snakes coiled around rain clouds?
وَأَناand I اِبنُthe son of عَمِّكَyour paternal uncle ماwhatever يَسوكَhurts you (apparent reading) يَسوءُنيhurts me
وَأَنا اِبنُ عَمِّكَ ما يَسوكَ يَسوءُني
عُمرَthroughout the life of الزَمانِTime وَمَنand whoever رَماكَstruck at you رَمانيstruck at me
عُمرَ الزَمانِ وَمَن رَماكَ رَماني
And I am your cousin: whatever hurts you hurts me
I am your cousin—your enemies are mine,
for all Time's duration; whoever strikes at you strikes at me.
Whoever casts you has cast me too.
ماذاwhat then? فَليسَso it is not بِضائِريharmful to me أَنthat لَمnot أَكُنI was
ماذا فَليسَ بِضائِري أَن لَم أَكُن
لَكَto you جارَa neighbor of بَيتٍa house أَوor رَضيعَa suckling of لِبانِmilk
لَكَ جارَ بَيتٍ أَو رَضيعَ لِبانِ
What then? It does not harm me that I am not
It matters not I was no neighbor of your house,
your neighbor at home, or your brother at the breast.
Or suckled in childhood from your wet nurse.
وَلَأَنتَand you indeed حَسرَةُthe anguish of ذيthe man of الخُمولِobscurity وَماand not دَرىknew
وَلَأَنتَ حَسرَةُ ذي الخُمولِ وَما دَرى
أَنَّthat الثُرَيّاthe Pleiades حَسرَةُthe anguish of الدَبَرانِAldebaran
أَنَّ الثُرَيّا حَسرَةُ الدَبَرانِ
You indeed are the obscure man's anguish; he does not know
You are the deepest regret of the lazy one, who knows not
that the Pleiades are Aldebaran's anguish.
That birds of prey regret what escapes them.
أَناI حَربُwar against ضِدِّكَyour opponent فَاِرضِنيso accept me حَرباًas war لَهُagainst him
أَنا حَربُ ضِدِّكَ فَاِرضِني حَرباً لَهُ
وَاِرضَand accept السِنانَthe spearpoint مُصَمِّماًresolute لِطِعانِfor thrusting
وَاِرضَ السِنانَ مُصَمِّماً لِطِعانِ
I am war upon your foe; accept me as war against him,
I am your adversary—regard me as an enemy,
and accept the spearpoint, unyielding in the thrust.
With spears intent on piercing you.
وَكَفاكَand suffices you شُكريmy thanks أَنَّthat بِرَّكَyour kindness ظاهِرٌmanifest
وَكَفاكَ شُكري أَنَّ بِرَّكَ ظاهِرٌ
عِنديto me وَماand not يَخفىis hidden عَلىfrom الأَعيانِthe notables
عِندي وَما يَخفى عَلى الأَعيانِ
Let this suffice as my thanks: your kindness is manifest
It's enough you know my gratitude,
to me, and is not hidden from the notables.
Evident to me for all your gifts.
وَإِذاand if سَكَتُّI fall silent فَإِنَّthen indeed أَنطَقَmore eloquent مِنthan فَميmy mouth
وَإِذا سَكَتُّ فَإِنَّ أَنطَقَ مِن فَمي
عَنّيon my behalf فَمُthe mouth of المَعروفِkindness وَالإِحسانِand beneficence
عَنّي فَمُ المَعروفِ وَالإِحسانِ
And if I am silent, more eloquent than my mouth
Even my silence speaks more than my mouth
on my behalf is the mouth of kindness and beneficence.
Of kindness and favor you have bestowed.
فَاِكفُفso restrain سَماحَكَyour generosity وَاِثنِand curb مِنsome of غُلَوائِهِits excess
فَاِكفُف سَماحَكَ وَاِثنِ مِن غُلَوائِهِ
إِنَّindeed الغِنىwealth فيin بَعضِsome of ماwhat أَعطانيit gave me
إِنَّ الغِنى في بَعضِ ما أَعطاني
So restrain your generosity and curb its excess;
So rein in your generosity, and reduce
wealth lies in only part of what it has given me.
Its excess—richness lies in portions given.
فَليَشكُرَنكَso let him surely thank you ماas long as شَكَرتُكَI thank you غالِبٌGhalib
فَليَشكُرَنكَ ما شَكَرتُكَ غالِبٌ
وَذَوائِبُand the foremost of الآباءِthe forefathers مِنfrom عَدنانِAdnan
وَذَوائِبُ الآباءِ مِن عَدنانِ
So may Ghalib thank you as long as I thank you,
May those who thank you more than I,
and the foremost forefathers descended from Adnan.
And the ancestors of Adnan, praise you.
ماnot ماتَdied مَنwhoever كَثُرَabounded الثَناءُpraise وَراءَهُbehind him
ما ماتَ مَن كَثُرَ الثَناءُ وَراءَهُ
إِنَّindeed المُذَمَّمَthe reviled man مَيِّتُthe dead one among الحَيوانِthe living
إِنَّ المُذَمَّمَ مَيِّتُ الحَيوانِ
He has not died who leaves abundant praise behind;
Whoever has abundant praise when dead
the reviled man is the dead one among the living.
Still dies—only the forgotten have life.
هَذاthis الإِمامُImam يَذودُنيkeeps me away عَنfrom وَجهِهhis face
هَذا الإِمامُ يَذودُني عَن وَجهِه
وَيَسومُنيand subjects me to لُقياmeeting ذَويthose full of الشَنآنِhatred
وَيَسومُني لُقيا ذَوي الشَنآنِ
This Imam keeps me from his face
This leader shuns me from his presence,
and subjects me to encounters with those full of hatred.
And evils me to foes of wicked guile,
مُتَكَلِّفاًconstrained أَقتاتُI subsist on بِشرَthe smiles of مَعاشِرٍgroups of people
مُتَكَلِّفاً أَقتاتُ بِشرَ مَعاشِرٍ
لَهُمُthey have إِلَيَّtoward me تَشازُرُthe sidelong glaring of الغَيرانِthe jealous man
لَهُمُ إِلَيَّ تَشازُرُ الغَيرانِ
Constrained, I subsist on the smiles of people
Pretending I keep company with rogues—
who turn a jealous man's sidelong glare toward me.
Envy festers in their hearts like an abscess.
تَتَناتَجُbreed الأَحقادُhatreds بَينَbetween ضُلوعِهِمtheir ribs
تَتَناتَجُ الأَحقادُ بَينَ ضُلوعِهِم
وَيَزَمِّلونَand they swaddle أَجِنَّةَthe embryos of الأَضغانِrancor
وَيَزَمِّلونَ أَجِنَّةَ الأَضغانِ
Hatreds breed between their ribs,
While I am poor despite his ample generosity,
and they swaddle the embryos of rancor.
If he wills comfort for me he calls me near.
وَأَناand I الفَقيرُthe poor man عَلىdespite غَزارَةِthe abundance of جودِهhis generosity
وَأَنا الفَقيرُ عَلى غَزارَةِ جودِه
فَإِذاand when أَرادَhe intends بيَfor me الغِنىwealth أَدنانيhe draws me near
فَإِذا أَرادَ بيَ الغِنى أَدناني
Yet I am poor, despite the abundance of his generosity;
I have not wearied with praise of him, but
when he wishes wealth for me, he draws me near.
The breadth of his honor covers my tongue.
لَمnot آلُI spared جُهداًeffort فيin الثَناءِpraise وَإِنَّماyet indeed
لَم آلُ جُهداً في الثَناءِ وَإِنَّما
غَطّىcovered بِعَرضِwith the breadth of نَداهُhis bounty طولَthe length of لِسانيmy tongue
غَطّى بِعَرضِ نَداهُ طولَ لِساني
I have spared no effort in praise, yet
Those hostile hoped to draw near by hating me,
the breadth of his bounty has covered the length of my tongue.
Whoever opposes me has opposed him.
طَمِعَhoped المُعاديthe adversary أَنthat يُقَرِّبَهُhe draws him near وَمَنand whoever
طَمِعَ المُعادي أَن يُقَرِّبَهُ وَمَن
صافىbefriended عَدُوّاًan enemy ليof mine فَقَدthen indeed عادانيbecame my enemy
صافى عَدُوّاً لي فَقَد عاداني
The adversary hoped he would draw him near; and whoever
He sought office though his father lacked manners,
befriends an enemy of mine has become my enemy.
And his mother lacked dignity and grace.
طَلَبَsought العُلىhigh rank وَأَبوهُthough his father غَيرُnot مُهَذَّبِwell-bred
طَلَبَ العُلى وَأَبوهُ غَيرُ مُهَذَّبِ
بَينَamong الوَرىmankind وَالأُمُّand the mother غَيرُnot حَصانِchaste
بَينَ الوَرى وَالأُمُّ غَيرُ حَصانِ
He sought high rank, though his father is not well bred
Better you tutor and employ talents
among mankind, and his mother is not chaste.
With which many hopes and wishes came.
وَلَأَنتَand you indeed أَولىmore worthy أَنto تُرِبَّnurture صَنائِعاًfavors
وَلَأَنتَ أَولى أَن تُرِبَّ صَنائِعاً
كَثُرَتmultiplied بِهِنَّthrough them مَطامِعٌambitions وَأمانيand hopes
كَثُرَت بِهِنَّ مَطامِعٌ وَأماني
You are indeed more worthy of nurturing favors
When you live, you have cured my heart of enmity
through which many ambitions and hopes have grown.
And brought security to my times.
وَإِذاand if بَقيتَyou survive فَقَدthen indeed شَفَيتَyou healed مِنَof العِداenemies
وَإِذا بَقيتَ فَقَد شَفَيتَ مِنَ العِدا
قَلبيmy heart وَأَعطَيتَand gave الأَمانَsecurity زَمانيmy days
قَلبي وَأَعطَيتَ الأَمانَ زَماني
If you live on, you have brought relief from my foes
to my heart, and granted security to my days.
Partial English translation: 156 of 158 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1