أشدُّthe fiercest الهوىlove ماthat which يمنعُprevents العينَthe eye أنto تكرىsleep
أشدُّ الهوى ما يمنعُ العينَ أن تكرى
ويملأُand fills سمعَthe hearing of المرءِa person عنto عذلِهreproaching him وقراdeafness
ويملأُ سمعَ المرءِ عن عذلِه وقرا
The fiercest love is that which keeps the eye from sleeping,
The most intense love is that which prevents the eyes from seeing
and fills a man's hearing with deafness to reproach.
And fills the ears of man from hearing his reproach and censure
ويُضحيand he passes the morning ونارُwhile the fire of الشوقِlonging بينbetween ضلوعِهhis ribs
ويُضحي ونارُ الشوقِ بين ضلوعِه
تُؤججُهاfans it الشكوىlament وتُضرِمُهاand kindles it الذكرىremembrance
تُؤججُها الشكوى وتُضرِمُها الذكرى
And he passes the morning with longing's fire between his ribs;
And sacrifices while the fire of longing is between his ribs
lament fans it, and remembrance sets it ablaze.
Kindled by complaining and ignited by memories
ويوسِعُهand lavishes upon him الوجدُardent longing الذيwhich فيin فؤادِهhis heart
ويوسِعُه الوجدُ الذي في فؤادِه
لأهلِfor the people of الحمىthe sanctuary نهياًprohibitions علىconcerning البينِseparation أوor أمراcommands
لأهلِ الحمى نهياً على البينِ أو أمرا
And longing heaps upon him—the longing in his heart
And expands for him the passion that is in his heart
for the sanctuary's people—prohibitions or commands concerning separation.
As advice for the ardent about separation or command
ويُمسيand he passes the evening حليفَan ally of الشوقِlonging ذاpossessing جسدٍa body لهof his
ويُمسي حليفَ الشوقِ ذا جسدٍ له
بحكمِunder the rule of الهوىlove بالٍworn out وذاand possessing مقلةٍan eye عبرىtearful
بحكمِ الهوى بالٍ وذا مقلةٍ عبرى
And at evening he is longing's ally, his body
And becomes a confidant of longing with a body for it
worn out under love's rule, his eye full of tears.
Powerless by the authority of love and with tearful eyes
غريبَan exile هوًىin love سقّىwatered الديارَthe dwellings بأدمعٍwith tears
غريبَ هوًى سقّى الديارَ بأدمعٍ
جَرَتْflowed فيthrough عِراصِthe open grounds of الربعِthe campsite هامعةًstreaming تترىin succession
جَرَتْ في عِراصِ الربعِ هامعةً تترى
An exile in love, he watered the dwellings with tears
Strange longing that watered the homes with tears
that flowed through the campsite's open grounds, streaming in succession.
That flowed in the sands of the wilderness sparkling and seen
بكىhe wept جَزَعاًin anguish لمّاwhen رأىhe saw الربعَthe campsite بعدهمْafter they had gone
بكى جَزَعاً لمّا رأى الربعَ بعدهمْ
مِنَof الجيرةِthe neighbors الغادينَthe departing ones مُستوحِشاًdesolate قَفْراempty
مِنَ الجيرةِ الغادينَ مُستوحِشاً قَفْرا
He wept in anguish to see the campsite, after they had gone—
He wept bitterly when he saw the desert after them
the departing neighbors—desolate and empty.
From the departed caravan, desolate and empty
اِذاwhenever هطُلتْpoured down فيهin it سحابةُa cloud of دمعهِhis tears
اِذا هطُلتْ فيه سحابةُ دمعهِ
وأنفدَهاand exhausted it التَّذكارُremembrance أعقبَهاhe followed it with أُخرىanother
وأنفدَها التَّذكارُ أعقبَها أُخرى
Whenever the cloud of his tears pours down there,
When his tearful cloud poured down on it
and remembrance exhausts it, he follows it with another.
And remembrance drew it out, followed by another
أحبَّتناour beloved ones هلwill ذلكَthat العهدُtime together باللَّوىat al-Liwa
أحبَّتنا هل ذلكَ العهدُ باللَّوى
يعودُreturn كماas قدonce كنتُI used to أعهدُهknow it دهراfor a long time
يعودُ كما قد كنتُ أعهدُه دهرا
Our beloved ones, will that time at al-Liwa
Our loved ones, will that covenant of passion
return as I once knew it for so long?
Return as I was used to it for an age?
وهلand will تلكمُthose (addressing you all) الأيامُthe days تَرجِعُreturn بعدَماafter
وهل تلكمُ الأيامُ تَرجِعُ بعدَما
حشاfilled كبديmy liver تذكارُthe memory of أوقاتِهاtheir hours جمراembers
حشا كبدي تذكارُ أوقاتِها جمرا
And will those days return, after
And will those days come back after
the memory of their hours has filled my liver with embers?
The remembrance of their times burned my liver like embers?
لئنif indeed مَنَّbestows هذاthis الدهرُage بالقربِwith nearness بعدَماafter
لئن مَنَّ هذا الدهرُ بالقربِ بعدَما
تناءيتمُyou drew far away عنّيfrom me سأُوسِعُهI shall lavish upon it شكراthanks
تناءيتمُ عنّي سأُوسِعُه شكرا
If this age grants me nearness, after
If this life is kind to me with nearness after
you have drawn far from me, I shall lavish thanks upon it,
You became distant from me, I will thank it abundantly
وأقبلُand I shall accept منهfrom it العُذْرَthe excuse فيfor كلَّevery حادثٍevent
وأقبلُ منه العُذْرَ في كلَّ حادثٍ
يجيءُit comes بهwith it حتىeven أُفهَّمُهُI explain to it العُذْراthe excuse
يجيءُ به حتى أُفهَّمُهُ العُذْرا
and accept its excuse for every event
And accept from it the excuse in every event
it brings, even explaining the excuse to it.
That comes until I make it understand the excuse
تكلَفُنيdemand of me الأيامُthe days صبراًpatience عليكمُconcerning you
تكلَفُني الأيامُ صبراً عليكمُ
وهيهاتَand how impossible لاnot أسطيعُI can manage بعدكمُafter your departure صبراpatience
وهيهاتَ لا أسطيعُ بعدكمُ صبرا
The days demand that I bear your absence patiently;
The days burden me with patience over you
but far from it! I cannot be patient after you are gone.
Yet alas! I cannot have patience after you
وأسألُand I ask عنكمabout you كلَّevery برقٍlightning flash علىabove الحمىthe sanctuary
وأسألُ عنكم كلَّ برقٍ على الحمى
يلوحُflashes فيبديand thus reveals لمعُهits gleam عَذَباًstreamers حُمراred
يلوحُ فيبدي لمعُه عَذَباً حُمرا
And I ask every lightning flash above the sanctuary about you,
And I ask every lightning flash over the ardent sands
as it flashes, its gleam displaying red streamers.
That appears and shows its pleasant red glow
عقدتُI tied بهto it أهدابَthe lashes of جفنيmy eyelid وطَلَّقَتْand divorced
عقدتُ به أهدابَ جفني وطَلَّقَتْ
لأجلكمُfor your sake عينايَmy two eyes تهويمَهاtheir dozing النَّزْراscant
لأجلكمُ عينايَ تهويمَها النَّزْرا
I tied my eyelid's lashes to it, and my eyes divorced,
I contracted my eyelids with it and released
for your sake, their scant dozing.
My eyes from their delirium for your sake
أُهَيْلَO dear people of الحِمىthe sanctuary قدindeed ضقتُI am straitened ذرعاًin endurance ببينكمْby separation from you
أُهَيْلَ الحِمى قد ضقتُ ذرعاً ببينكمْ
فهلso is there مِنany دنوًّnearness منكمfrom you يشرحُeases الصَّدْراthe breast
فهل مِن دنوًّ منكم يشرحُ الصَّدْرا
O dear people of the sanctuary, I cannot bear separation from you;
O ardent sands, I have been vexed to the limit by your distance
so will you draw near and bring relief to my breast?
Is there any drawing near from you to relieve my chest?
فلاso do not تَصْرِفواturn away وجهَthe face of المودَّةِaffection بعدماafter رأيناwe saw
فلا تَصْرِفوا وجهَ المودَّةِ بعدما رأينا
زماناًfor a time فيin أساريرِهits features البشراgladness
زماناً في أساريرِه البشرا
So do not turn affection's face away, after we have seen,
So turn not the face of affection after what we saw
for a time, gladness in its features.
One day in its cradles a human
ولاand do not تُتبِعُوهfollow it with بعدَafter طيبِthe sweetness of حديثكمْyour talk
ولا تُتبِعُوه بعدَ طيبِ حديثكمْ
حديثاًspeech أرىI see فيin ضمنِهits contents نظراًa glance شَزْراangrily askance
حديثاً أرى في ضمنِه نظراً شَزْرا
And do not follow it, after the sweetness of your talk,
And do not follow its good talk after you
with speech in which I see a hostile sidelong glance.
With talk I sense concealment of glance in
وخيرُand the best of خِلالِthe traits of المرءِa person وجهٌa face مُسَهَّلٌwelcoming
وخيرُ خِلالِ المرءِ وجهٌ مُسَهَّلٌ
وخُلْقٌand a character رضيٌّpleasing يَمْلِكُholds in thrall الرجلَthe man الحُرّاfree
وخُلْقٌ رضيٌّ يَمْلِكُ الرجلَ الحُرّا
And the finest of a man's traits are a welcoming face
The best traits of a man are an easy face
and a pleasing character that holds a free man in thrall.
And pleasing manners that empower the free man
فأُقسمُso I swear مذsince بانَdeparted الخليطُthe companions عنِfrom الحِمىthe sanctuary
فأُقسمُ مذ بانَ الخليطُ عنِ الحِمى
تبدَّلتُI exchanged حلوَthe sweetness of العيشِlife منfrom بعدِهafter their departure مُرّاbitterness
تبدَّلتُ حلوَ العيشِ من بعدِه مُرّا
So I swear: since the companions left the sanctuary,
I swear since the tribe departed from the ardent sands
I have exchanged life's sweetness, since their departure, for bitterness.
The sweetness of life after them turned bitter to me
فماwhat, then بالُthe matter with طيفِthe dream-phantom of العامريَّةِthe ʿAmiri woman هاجريforsaking me
فما بالُ طيفِ العامريَّةِ هاجري
وقدand indeed كانَit was قبلَbefore اليومِtoday لاnot يعرفُknew الهجراdesertion
وقد كانَ قبلَ اليومِ لا يعرفُ الهجرا
What, then, ails the ʿAmiri woman's dream-phantom, that it forsakes me,
So why did the specter of al-Aamiriyya emigrate
though before today it knew no desertion?
When just yesterday it knew no estrangement?
أمِنهاwas it from her تُراهُdo you think it عُلَّمَwas taught الغدرَtreachery آنفاًrecently
أمِنها تُراهُ عُلَّمَ الغدرَ آنفاً
وقدand indeed مرَّhad passed دهرٌan age وهوwhile it لاnot يعرفُknew الغدراtreachery
وقد مرَّ دهرٌ وهو لا يعرفُ الغدرا
Was it from her, do you think, that it was lately taught treachery,
Did it just now learn betrayal from it
though an age had passed while it knew no treachery?
When an age has passed and it knew no betrayal?
لئنif indeed زارنيit visits me والشامُwhile al-Sham داريmy home ودارُهand its home
لئن زارني والشامُ داري ودارُه
بنجدٍin Najd ومرماهاand its far reaches لقدindeed أبعدَhas lengthened المسرىthe night journey
بنجدٍ ومرماها لقد أبعدَ المسرى
If it visits me, while al-Sham is my home and its home lies
If he visited me while Damascus is his abode and mine
in Najd and its far reaches, it has journeyed far by night.
With Najd and its meadows he has lengthened the joy
فلاso may not كانexist قلبيmy heart كيفhow يصبرُcan it endure بعدماafter
فلا كان قلبي كيف يصبرُ بعدما
تناءتْshe grew distant وسارَand traveled الواخداتُthe swift-striding she-camels بهاwith her عَشْراfor ten nights
تناءتْ وسارَ الواخداتُ بها عَشْرا
Then perish my heart! How can it endure after
How could my heart show patience after
she has gone far away, and swift-striding she-camels have carried her ten nights?
The tent friends journeyed in a group of ten?
منعَّمةٌpampered حوراءُdark-eyed يفضحُputs to shame وجهُهاher face
منعَّمةٌ حوراءُ يفضحُ وجهُها
بلألائهِwith its brilliance الشمسَthe sun المنيرةَshining والبدراand the full moon
بلألائهِ الشمسَ المنيرةَ والبدرا
A pampered, dark-eyed beauty, whose face puts to shame
A soft fair one whose face puts to shame
with its brilliance the shining sun and the full moon.
The shining sun and the full moon with its beauty
لقدindeed كنتُI used to ألقىreceive منهfrom it فيat كلَّevery ساعةٍhour
لقد كنتُ ألقى منه في كلَّ ساعةٍ
ومِنand from بشرِهits smiling cheer فيupon وجهِthe face of آماليَmy hopes البُشرىglad tidings
ومِن بشرِه في وجهِ آماليَ البُشرى
Indeed, at every hour I used to receive from it,
I used to gain from it in every moment
and from its cheer, glad tidings upon the face of my hopes.
And from its good news the glad tidings in the face of my hopes
وأرشفُand I sip ظلمَthe lustrous moisture of الثغرِthe mouth عذباًsweet مُجاجُهits saliva
وأرشفُ ظلمَ الثغرِ عذباً مُجاجُه
بنفسيَwith my own life أفديI ransom ذلكَthat الظلمَlustrous moisture والثغراand the mouth
بنفسيَ أفدي ذلكَ الظلمَ والثغرا
And I would sip the mouth's lustrous moisture, sweet the liquid it yields.
And I savor the injustice of its darkness, sweet is its struggle
With my own life I would ransom that moisture and that mouth.
I would ransom that darkness and crevice with my soul
فمَنْwho, then للفتىfor the youth الولهانِlove-bewildered أنif لمnot يفزْsucceeds بهِin gaining it
فمَنْ للفتى الولهانِ أن لم يفزْ بهِ
علىin ظمأٍthirst منهfor it وللكبدِand for the liver الحرّىburning with thirst
على ظمأٍ منه وللكبدِ الحرّى
Who, then, will aid the lovesick youth, if he fails to win it,
So who can quench for the lovesick youth if he fails to attain
while thirsting for it—and who will aid the burning liver?
A thirst from it and for the burning liver?
وماand no روضةٌgarden قدindeed فوَّفَbrocaded القطرُthe rain نبتَهاits plants
وما روضةٌ قد فوَّفَ القطرُ نبتَها
فأطرىand so praised لسانُthe tongue of الحالِthe condition عنon behalf of نَورِهاits blossoms القَطْراthe rain
فأطرى لسانُ الحالِ عن نَورِها القَطْرا
And no garden whose plants the rain has brocaded—
What garden has the rain cultivated its plants
so its wordless tongue praises the rain on its blossoms' behalf—
So the tongue of state overflowed with its light like drops
وفاحَand spread fragrance نسيمٌa breeze فيthrough الرياضِthe gardens كأنَّماas though
وفاحَ نسيمٌ في الرياضِ كأنَّما
تَحمَّلَit carried وهناًlate at night منfrom لطائمهاtheir perfume caravans عِطراperfume
تَحمَّلَ وهناً من لطائمها عِطرا
where a breeze wafts fragrance through the gardens, as though
And a breeze blew in the gardens as if
it bore perfume, late at night, from their scent-laden caravans,
Bearing languor from its sweet scents
ونوّعتِand variegated الأزهارُthe flowers أرجاءَthe expanses of دوحِهاits spreading trees
ونوّعتِ الأزهارُ أرجاءَ دوحِها
اِذاwhenever ماemphatic particle مضىpassed نشرٌa fragrance شممناwe smelled لهاfrom it نشراa fragrance
اِذا ما مضى نشرٌ شممنا لها نشرا
and whose flowers variegate the reaches of its spreading trees,
And the flowers varied the corners of its valley
where, whenever one scent fades, we breathe another from it,
When a blossom opens we smell its fragrance
كشعريlike my poetry إذاwhen نضَّدتُI arrayed جوهرَthe jewels of لفظِهits wording
كشعري إذا نضَّدتُ جوهرَ لفظِه
ونظَّمتُand I strung منهfrom it فيin عقودِthe necklaces of العُلىglory دُرّاpearls
ونظَّمتُ منه في عقودِ العُلى دُرّا
can match my verse when I array the jewels of its words,
Like my poetry when I refine the essence of its words
and string from it pearls in the necklaces of glory.
And string from it in the necklaces of the sublime, pearls
وسائطُcentral gems of لفظٍspeech لوif تنضَّدَwere arrayed دُرُّهُits pearls
وسائطُ لفظٍ لو تنضَّدَ دُرُّهُ
علىupon عُنُقِthe neck of الجَوزاءِal-Jawza (Orion) أكسبَهاwould grant her فخراpride
على عُنُقِ الجَوزاءِ أكسبَها فخرا
Central gems of speech—if its pearls were arrayed
The carriers of words, if their pearls were refined
upon al-Jawza's neck, they would bring her pride.
Upon the neck of Virgo it would give it pride
وماand not النجمُthe star أنأىfarther away منهthan it بعداًin distance ومطلباًand in reach
وما النجمُ أنأى منه بعداً ومطلباً
اِذاwhen رامَهُseek it الجهّالُthe ignorant يوماًone day ولاnor أسرىfarther-traveling by night
اِذا رامَهُ الجهّالُ يوماً ولا أسرى
And no star is more remote than it in distance and reach,
And how far is the star if distance and pursuit retreated from it
when the ignorant seek it one day, nor more far-ranging by night.
When the ignorant man one day desires it and does not travel
لهfor it فيin بلادِthe lands of اللهِGod أوسعُthe widest مَرْكَضٍrunning ground
له في بلادِ اللهِ أوسعُ مَرْكَضٍ
اِذاwhen طائرُthe bird of الأشعارِthe poems ألزمَهاconfines them to الوَكْراthe nest
اِذا طائرُ الأشعارِ ألزمَها الوَكْرا
It has the widest course to run through God's lands,
It has in God's lands a vaster orbit
when the bird of poems confines them to the nest.
When the bird of poetry settled it as its den
Sol 6.1