سَرَيناwe traveled by night وَطالَبناand our pursuer هاجِعٌasleep
سَرَينا وَطالَبنا هاجِعٌ
وَعِندَand at الصَباحِdawn حَمِدناwe praised السُرىnight travel
وَعِندَ الصَباحِ حَمِدنا السُرى
We traveled by night while our pursuer slept,
and at dawn we praised the night journey.
بَنوsons of آدَمٍAdam يَطلُبونَseek الثَراwealth (continued next line)
بَنو آدَمٍ يَطلُبونَ الثَرا
ءَfinal letter of 'wealth' عِندَat الثُرَيّاthe Pleiades وَعِندَand at الثَرىthe earth
ءَ عِندَ الثُرَيّا وَعِندَ الثَرى
Adam's sons seek wealth,
at the Pleiades and in the earth.
فَتىًa young man زارِعٌfarming وَفَتىًand a young man دارِعٌwearing armor
فَتىً زارِعٌ وَفَتىً دارِعٌ
كِلاboth الرَجُلَينِmen غَداwent forth فَاِمتَرىthen sought gain
كِلا الرَجُلَينِ غَدا فَاِمتَرى
One young man farms, and another wears armor;
both men went forth and sought gain.
فَهَذاso this one بِعَينٍwith ʿayn وَزايٍand zāy يَروحُreturns in the evening
فَهَذا بِعَينٍ وَزايٍ يَروحُ
وَذاكَand that one يَؤوبُreturns بِضادِwith ḍād وَراand rāʾ
وَذاكَ يَؤوبُ بِضادِ وَرا
This one comes home with ʿayn and zāy,
and that one returns with ḍād and rāʾ.
وَعامِلُand one laboring for قوتٍfood ذَراwinnowed حَبَّهُhis grain
وَعامِلُ قوتٍ ذَرا حَبَّهُ
وَخِدنُand a companion of رِكازٍburied treasure ضَحاentered the sunlight فَاِذَّرىthen took shelter
وَخِدنُ رِكازٍ ضَحا فَاِذَّرى
One who labors for food winnows his grain,
and a companion of buried treasure enters the sunlight, then takes shelter.
وَكورُكَand your camel-saddle فَوقَabove طَويلِa long المَطاback
وَكورُكَ فَوقَ طَويلِ المَطا
وَسَرجُكَand your horse-saddle فَوقَabove شَديدِa strong القَراspine
وَسَرجُكَ فَوقَ شَديدِ القَرا
Your camel-saddle rests above a long back,
and your horse-saddle above a strong spine.
وَتَجريand races دَفارِDafār, the world بِهاwith them جَدَّهاat her utmost
وَتَجري دَفارِ بِها جَدَّها
بِمِثلِlike الظَلامِdarkness إِذاwhen ماemphasis جَرىit courses
بِمِثلِ الظَلامِ إِذا ما جَرى
And Dafār, the world, races with them at full speed,
like darkness when it courses on.
كَأَنَّas though بِضاقَthe spittle of الدَبىyoung locusts فَوقَهاupon them
كَأَنَّ بِضاقَ الدَبى فَوقَها
إِذاwhen وَقَدَتburned فيin الأُنوفِthe noses البُرىthe nose-rings
إِذا وَقَدَت في الأُنوفِ البُرى
As though young locusts' spittle lay upon them,
when nose-rings burn in their nostrils.
وَذَلِكَand that مِنfrom حَرِّthe heat of أَنفاسِهاtheir breaths
وَذَلِكَ مِن حَرِّ أَنفاسِها
يُضاعِفُهُdoubles it حَرُّthe heat of يَومٍa day جَرىthat passed
يُضاعِفُهُ حَرُّ يَومٍ جَرى
That comes from the heat of their breath,
doubled by the heat of a passing day.
تَلومُyou reproach عَلىover أُمِّMother of دَفرٍDafr ('stench') أَخاكَyour brother
تَلومُ عَلى أُمِّ دَفرٍ أَخاكَ
وَراءَكَstay back إِنindeed هَوىًa passion قَدhas already وَرىflared up
وَراءَكَ إِن هَوىً قَد وَرى
You reproach your brother over Umm Dafr, the world;
stand back: a passion has flared up.
عَهِدتُكَI knew you تُشبِهُto resemble سيدَthe wolf of الضَرّاءِthe thicket
عَهِدتُكَ تُشبِهُ سيدَ الضَرّاءِ
وَلَستَand you are not مُشابِهَresembling لَيثِthe lion of الشَرىal-Sharā
وَلَستَ مُشابِهَ لَيثِ الشَرى
I knew you to resemble the wolf of the thicket,
and you are not like the lion of al-Sharā.
تَدِبُّyou creep فَإِنthen if وَجَدتَyou find خِلسَةًa chance to snatch
تَدِبُّ فَإِن وَجَدتَ خِلسَةً
فَياthen O لِلسُلَيكِfor al-Sulayk أَوor الشَنفَرىal-Shanfarā
فَيا لِلسُلَيكِ أَو الشَنفَرى
You creep along; if you find a chance to snatch,
then, an al-Sulayk or al-Shanfarā indeed!
هُوَit is الشَرُّevil قَدhas indeed عَمَّspread universally فيamong العالَمينَall creatures
هُوَ الشَرُّ قَد عَمَّ في العالَمينَ
أَهلَthe inhabitants of الوُهودِthe lowlands وَأَهلَand the inhabitants of الذُرىthe summits
أَهلَ الوُهودِ وَأَهلَ الذُرى
It is evil, spread throughout all the worlds,
among those in the lowlands and those on the summits.
لِيَفتَنَّlet him be inventive فيin صَمتِهِhis silence ناسِكٌan ascetic
لِيَفتَنَّ في صَمتِهِ ناسِكٌ
إِذاwhen اِفتَنَّshows ingenuity فيماin what يَقولُsays الوَرىhumankind
إِذا اِفتَنَّ فيما يَقولُ الوَرى
Let an ascetic be inventive in his silence,
when people are inventive in what they say.
فَكَنَّواso they nicknamed صَبوحِيَّةَthe morning draught of الشَربِthe drinkers أُمَّMother of
فَكَنَّوا صَبوحِيَّةَ الشَربِ أُمَّ
لَيلىLaylā وَمَكَّةَand Mecca أُمَّMother of القُرىtowns
لَيلى وَمَكَّةَ أُمَّ القُرى
So they called the drinkers' morning wine 'Mother
of Laylā,' and Mecca 'Mother of Towns.'
وَقالواand they said بَداappeared المُشتَريJupiter ('the buyer') فيin الظَلامِdarkness
وَقالوا بَدا المُشتَري في الظَلامِ
فَياthen O لَيتَif only شِعرِيَmy knowledge ماذاwhat اِشتَرىit bought
فَيا لَيتَ شِعرِيَ ماذا اِشتَرى
They said, 'Jupiter has appeared in the darkness';
would that I knew what it bought!
وَتَرجوand you hope for الرِباحَprofits وَأَينَand where are الرِباحُprofits
وَتَرجو الرِباحَ وَأَينَ الرِباحُ
وَنَعتُكَand your description فيwithin نَفسِكَyourself الخَيسَراloss
وَنَعتُكَ في نَفسِكَ الخَيسَرا
You hope for profits—but where are profits,
while your own inward description is 'loss'?
عَذيرِيَwho will vindicate me مِنagainst مارِدٍa rebel فاجِرٍwicked
عَذيرِيَ مِن مارِدٍ فاجِرٍ
تَقَرَّأَprofessed piety وَالمُختَزَياتِand shameful deeds اِقتَرىsought out
تَقَرَّأَ وَالمُختَزَياتِ اِقتَرى
Who will vindicate me against a rebellious sinner,
who professed piety and sought out shameful deeds?
فَهَوِّنso make easy عَلَيكَfor yourself لِقاءَmeeting المَنونِdeath
فَهَوِّن عَلَيكَ لِقاءَ المَنونِ
وَقُلand say حينَwhen تَطرِقُit visits at night أَطرُقbow your head كَراO curlew
وَقُل حينَ تَطرِقُ أَطرُق كَرا
So make the meeting with death easy on yourself,
and say when it visits at night, 'Bow your head, curlew!'
وَنادِand call out إِذاwhen أَوعَدتُكَI threatened you اِعتَريcome upon me
وَنادِ إِذا أَوعَدتُكَ اِعتَري
فَصَبراًso be patient عَلىunder الحُكمِthe decree لَمّاwhen اِعتَرىit befell
فَصَبراً عَلى الحُكمِ لَمّا اِعتَرى
And cry, when I threaten you, 'Come upon me!'
Then bear patiently the decree when it befalls you.
وَنَفسيand my soul تُرَجّيcherishes hopes كَإِحدىlike one of النُفوسِthe souls
وَنَفسي تُرَجّي كَإِحدى النُفوسِ
وَتَذريand scatter النَوائِبُcalamities سَكنَthe dwellers of الذُرىthe summits
وَتَذري النَوائِبُ سَكنَ الذُرى
My soul cherishes hopes like any other soul,
while calamities scatter the dwellers on the summits.
وَكَمand how many نَزَلَdescended القَيلُa king عَنfrom مِنبَرٍa pulpit
وَكَم نَزَلَ القَيلُ عَن مِنبَرٍ
فَعادَand returned إِلىto عُنصُرٍan element فيin الثَرىthe earth
فَعادَ إِلى عُنصُرٍ في الثَرى
How many a king has descended from a pulpit,
and returned to an element in the earth,
وَأُخرِجَand was expelled عَنfrom مُلكِهِhis dominion عارِياًnaked
وَأُخرِجَ عَن مُلكِهِ عارِياً
وَخَلَّفَand left behind مَملَكَةًa kingdom بِالعَراin the open
وَخَلَّفَ مَملَكَةً بِالعَرا
and been expelled naked from his dominion,
leaving a kingdom out in the open.
إِذاwhen الضَيفُthe guest جاءَكَcomes to you فَاِبسِمthen smile لَهُfor him
إِذا الضَيفُ جاءَكَ فَاِبسِم لَهُ
وَقَرِّبand bring near إِلَيهِto him وَشيكَprompt القِرىhospitality
وَقَرِّب إِلَيهِ وَشيكَ القِرى
When a guest comes to you, smile at him,
and promptly offer him a guest-meal.
وَلاand do not تَحقِرdespise المُزدَرىthe scorned فيin العُيونِpeople's eyes
وَلا تَحقِر المُزدَرى في العُيونِ
فَكَمfor how often نَفَعَbenefited الهَيِّنُthe insignificant المُزدَرىthe despised
فَكَم نَفَعَ الهَيِّنُ المُزدَرى
Do not despise what is scorned in people's eyes;
how often the slight and scorned has proved useful!
وَلاand not تَحمِلُcarry البُزلُmature camels تِلكَthose الوُسوقَloads
وَلا تَحمِلُ البُزلُ تِلكَ الوُسوقَ
إِلاّexcept بِأَزرارِهاwith their fasteners وَالعُراand loops
إِلاّ بِأَزرارِها وَالعُرا
Mature camels cannot carry those loads
except by means of their fasteners and loops.
أَجَلyes خَزَرَتنِيَlooked askance at me وَثّابَةٌa pouncing one
أَجَل خَزَرَتنِيَ وَثّابَةٌ
سِواهاother than her الَّتيthe one who مَشَتwalked الخَيزَرىwith a swaying gait
سِواها الَّتي مَشَت الخَيزَرى
Yes, a pouncing one has looked at me askance—
not she who walked with a swaying gait.
فَإِنَّfor indeed سُراءَthe bow-wood of اللَياليthe nights رَمىshot
فَإِنَّ سُراءَ اللَيالي رَمى
أَوانَthe season of شَبيبَتِناour youth فَاِنسَرىthen passed away
أَوانَ شَبيبَتِنا فَاِنسَرى
For the nights' bow struck
the season of our youth, and it passed away.
وَنَومِيَand my sleep مَوتٌa death قَريبُnear to النُشورِresurrection
وَنَومِيَ مَوتٌ قَريبُ النُشورِ
وَمَوتِيَand my death نَومٌa sleep طَويلُlong in الكَرىslumber
وَمَوتِيَ نَومٌ طَويلُ الكَرى
My sleep is a death with resurrection near,
and my death a sleep of long slumber.
نُؤَمِّلُwe hope in خالِقَناour Creator إِنَّناindeed we
نُؤَمِّلُ خالِقَنا إِنَّنا
صُرَيناwere gathered لِنَشرَبَso that we drink ذاكَthat الصَراstagnant water
صُرَينا لِنَشرَبَ ذاكَ الصَرا
We hope in our Creator; indeed, we
were gathered to drink that stagnant water.
سَواءٌthe same عَلَيَّto me إِذاwhen ماemphasis هَلَكتُI perish
سَواءٌ عَلَيَّ إِذا ما هَلَكتُ
مَنwhoever شادَextolled مَكرُمَتيmy honor أَوor زَرىdisparaged
مَن شادَ مَكرُمَتي أَو زَرى
It is all the same to me, once I have perished,
who extols my honor or disparages it.
فَأَودىso perished فُلانٌso-and-so بِسُقمٍfrom an illness أَضَرَّthat grievously harmed
فَأَودى فُلانٌ بِسُقمٍ أَضَرَّ
وَأَدوىand fell ill فُلانٌso-and-so بِعِرقٍfrom a vein ضَراthat bled unchecked
وَأَدوى فُلانٌ بِعِرقٍ ضَرا
So-and-so perished from a grievous illness,
and so-and-so sickened from a vein that bled unchecked.
أَبِاwas it by the (fragment) لِنَبلِarrows (fragment) أُدرَكَwas overtaken أَمor بِالرِماwith spears (continued next line)
أَبِا لِنَبلِ أُدرَكَ أَم بِالرِما
حِfinal letter of 'spears' بَينَamid أَسِنَّتِهاtheir spearheads وَالسَراand the short arrows
حِ بَينَ أَسِنَّتِها وَالسَرا
Was he overtaken by arrows, or by spears,
amid their spearheads and short arrows?
فَهَلthen has قامَrisen مِنfrom جَدَثٍa grave مَيِّتٌa dead person
فَهَل قامَ مِن جَدَثٍ مَيِّتٌ
فَيُخبِرَso as to report عَنabout مَسمَعٍsomething heard أَوor مَرىsomething seen
فَيُخبِرَ عَن مَسمَعٍ أَو مَرى
Has a dead man ever risen from a grave,
to report something heard or seen?
وَلَوand if هَبَّhe rose صَدَّقَهُwould believe him مَعشَرٌa group
وَلَو هَبَّ صَدَّقَهُ مَعشَرٌ
وَقَالَand would say أُناسٌsome people طَغىhe transgressed وَاِفتَرىand fabricated lies
وَقَالَ أُناسٌ طَغى وَاِفتَرى
If he rose, some would believe him,
while others would say, 'He transgressed and fabricated lies.'
وَلَمand did not يَقرِgather water فيin الحَوضِthe trough راعيthe keeper of السَواgrazing livestock (continued next line)
وَلَم يَقرِ في الحَوضِ راعي السَوا
مِfinal letter of 'livestock' إِلّاexcept لِيورِدَهُto lead it to water ماwhat قَرىhe gathered
مِ إِلّا لِيورِدَهُ ما قَرى
The herdsman gathers no water in the trough
except to lead his herd to what he has gathered.
أَفِرُّI flee وَماand no فَرَأٌwild ass نافِرٌfleeing
أَفِرُّ وَما فَرَأٌ نافِرٌ
بِمُعتَصِمٍis sheltered مِنfrom قَضاءٍa decree فَراthat rends
بِمُعتَصِمٍ مِن قَضاءٍ فَرا
I flee; yet no fleeing wild ass
is sheltered from a decree that rends.
أَحِنُّI yearn إِلىfor أَمَلٍa hope فاتَنيthat eluded me
أَحِنُّ إِلى أَمَلٍ فاتَني
وَماand what connection لِلشَبوبِfor the mature wild bull وَعَيشِand the life of الفِرىwild asses
وَما لِلشَبوبِ وَعَيشِ الفِرى
I yearn for a hope that has eluded me;
what has a mature wild bull to do with the life of wild asses?
مَتّىwhenever قَرقَرَcoos الهاتِفُthe calling one العِكرِمِيُّthe dove
مَتّى قَرقَرَ الهاتِفُ العِكرِمِيُّ
هَيَّجَstirs صَبّاًa lovesick person إِلىtoward قَرقَرىQarqarā
هَيَّجَ صَبّاً إِلى قَرقَرى
Whenever the calling dove coos,
it stirs a lover's yearning for Qarqarā.
وَقَدand sometimes يَفسُدُbecomes corrupted الفِكرُthought فيin حالَةٍa state
وَقَد يَفسُدُ الفِكرُ في حالَةٍ
فَيوهِمُكَso makes you imagine الدُرَّpearls قَطرُthe droplets of السُرىnight travel
فَيوهِمُكَ الدُرَّ قَطرُ السُرى
Thought may grow distorted in some state,
so the night's droplets make you fancy pearls.
سَقاكَit gave you to drink المُنىhopes فَتَمَنَّيتُهاso you wished for them
سَقاكَ المُنى فَتَمَنَّيتُها
وَصاغَand fashioned لَكَfor you الطَيفَthe phantom حَتّىuntil اِنبَرىit appeared
وَصاغَ لَكَ الطَيفَ حَتّى اِنبَرى
It gave you hopes to drink, and you wished for them,
and fashioned a phantom for you until it appeared.
فَلاso do not تَدنُdraw near مِنto جاهِلٍan ignorant man آهِلٍwith a household
فَلا تَدنُ مِن جاهِلٍ آهِلٍ
لَوif اِنتُزِعَتwere snatched away خُمسُهُhis fifth part ماnot دَرىhe knew
لَو اِنتُزِعَت خُمسُهُ ما دَرى
Do not draw near an ignorant householder;
if a fifth were snatched from him, he would not know.
أَبىrefused سَيفُهُhis sword قَتلَkilling أَعدائِهِhis enemies
أَبى سَيفُهُ قَتلَ أَعدائِهِ
وَسافَand struck with a sword وَليدَتَهُhis slave-girl أَوor هَراbeat with a stick
وَسافَ وَليدَتَهُ أَو هَرا
His sword refused to slay his enemies,
yet he struck his slave-girl with a sword, or beat her with a stick.
وَتَختَلِفُand differ الإِنسُhumans فيin شَأنِهاtheir affairs
وَتَختَلِفُ الإِنسُ في شَأنِها
وَأَبعِدand how distant بِمَنis the one who باعَsold مِمَّنfrom the one who شَرىbought
وَأَبعِد بِمَن باعَ مِمَّن شَرى
People differ in their affairs;
how far the seller is from the buyer!
مُغَنِّيَةٌa female singer أُعطِيَتwas given مُرغِباًan inducement
مُغَنِّيَةٌ أُعطِيَت مُرغِباً
فَغَنَّتso she sang وَنائِحَةٌand a female mourner تُكتَرىis hired
فَغَنَّت وَنائِحَةٌ تُكتَرى
A singer was given an enticing payment,
so she sang; a wailing woman is hired.
وَهاوٍand one descending لِيُخرِجَto draw out ماءَthe water of القَليبِthe well
وَهاوٍ لِيُخرِجَ ماءَ القَليبِ
وَراقٍand one ascending لِيَجنِيَto gather ثَولاًa swarm of bees أَرىthat made honey
وَراقٍ لِيَجنِيَ ثَولاً أَرى
One descends to draw water from the well,
and another climbs to harvest a honey-making swarm.
فَإِنthen if نالَhe obtains شَهداًcomb-honey فَأَيسِرthen how fortunate بِهِhe is
فَإِن نالَ شَهداً فَأَيسِر بِهِ
عَلىdespite أَنَّهُhis being بِسُقوطٍto falling حَراliable
عَلى أَنَّهُ بِسُقوطٍ حَرا
If he obtains comb-honey, how fortunate he is,
though he is liable to fall.
نَزولُwe pass away كَماjust as زالَpassed away أَجدادُناour ancestors
نَزولُ كَما زالَ أَجدادُنا
وَيَبقىand remains الزَمانُtime عَلىas ماwhat نَرىwe see
وَيَبقى الزَمانُ عَلى ما نَرى
We pass away as our ancestors passed away,
while time remains as we see it:
نَهارٌa day يُضيءُshines وَلَيلٌand a night يَجيءُcomes
نَهارٌ يُضيءُ وَلَيلٌ يَجيءُ
وَنَجمٌand a star يَغورُsinks from sight وَنَجمٌand a star يُرىis seen
وَنَجمٌ يَغورُ وَنَجمٌ يُرى
a day shines, and a night comes,
and a star sinks from sight, and a star is seen.
Sol 6.1