مَتىwhen بَلَغَتreached مُذsince قَطُّever أَرضٌearth إِلىto سَماthe sky
مَتى بَلَغَت مُذ قَطُّ أَرضٌ إِلى سَما
وَمَنand who ذاis this الَّذيwho الحوتِthe fish لِلحوتِto the Fish قَدindeed سَماrose
وَمَن ذا الَّذي الحوتِ لِلحوتِ قَد سَما
When has earth ever reached the sky?
And what fish has ever risen to the Fish?
أَتَعبَثُdo you trifle يَاِبنَO son of اللُؤمِvileness بِالبَحرِwith the sea زاخِراًsurging
أَتَعبَثُ يَاِبنَ اللُؤمِ بِالبَحرِ زاخِراً
وَبِاللَيثِand with the lion فَرّاساًa deadly hunter وَبِالطَودِand with the mountain أَيهَماinaccessible
وَبِاللَيثِ فَرّاساً وَبِالطَودِ أَيهَما
Do you trifle, son of vileness, with the surging sea,
and the lion, a deadly hunter, and the inaccessible mountain,
وَبِالجَيشِand with the army جَرّاراًvast وَبِالمَوتِand with death جارِياًrushing onward
وَبِالجَيشِ جَرّاراً وَبِالمَوتِ جارِياً
وَبِالرُمحِand with the spear مَهزوزاًbrandished وَبِالسَيفِand with the sword مِخذَماkeen and cleaving
وَبِالرُمحِ مَهزوزاً وَبِالسَيفِ مِخذَما
and the vast army, and onrushing death,
and the brandished spear, and the keen, cleaving sword?
وَتَأمُلُand you hope مِنّيfrom me رَجعَةًa retreat بَعدَafter هَذِهِthis
وَتَأمُلُ مِنّي رَجعَةً بَعدَ هَذِهِ
وَهَيهاتَand how far-fetched مَنwho يَثنيturns back الرَواجِعَthe returning blows بَعدَماafter that
وَهَيهاتَ مَن يَثني الرَواجِعَ بَعدَما
And you hope I will relent after this?
Far from it! Who can turn back the returning blows afterward?
وَليand I have فَتكَةٌa deadly stroke تُطفيextinguishes الوَهيجَthe flame مُضَرَّماablaze
وَلي فَتكَةٌ تُطفي الوَهيجَ مُضَرَّما
وَليand I have عَزمَةٌa resolve تَلقىmeets الوَشيجَthe massed spears مُصَمِّماresolute
وَلي عَزمَةٌ تَلقى الوَشيجَ مُصَمِّما
And I have a deadly stroke that quenches a blazing flame,
and a resolve that meets the massed spears unflinching.
فَمُغرِقُthus a drowning force ماءِwater أَينَماwherever سارَit went دَمَّرَit destroyed
فَمُغرِقُ ماءِ أَينَما سارَ دَمَّرَ
وَمِصعَقُand a thunderstriking force نارٍfire أَينَماwherever حَظَّfound good fortune حَطَّماshattered
وَمِصعَقُ نارٍ أَينَما حَظَّ حَطَّما
A drowning flood of water: wherever it goes, it destroys;
and a blasting fire: wherever fortune favors it, it shatters.
سَحابٌa cloud بِهِthrough it تُروىare given drink الظِماthe thirsty وَبِنارِهِand by its fire
سَحابٌ بِهِ تُروى الظِما وَبِنارِهِ
يَموتُperishes الظِماthe thirsty مِنهاfrom it وَمَنand whoever حَمَلَcarried الظِماthe dark spears
يَموتُ الظِما مِنها وَمَن حَمَلَ الظِما
A cloud through which the thirsty drink their fill; and by its fire
the thirsty perish, and whoever bears the dark spears.
أَحَقُّmost deserving سَحابٍa cloud بِاِتِّقاءِof caution وَخيفَةٍand fear
أَحَقُّ سَحابٍ بِاِتِّقاءِ وَخيفَةٍ
سَحابٌa cloud إِذاwhen ماever شاءَit wished أَدمىdrew blood وَدَيَّماand rained steadily
سَحابٌ إِذا ما شاءَ أَدمى وَدَيَّما
The cloud most deserving of caution and fear
is one that, whenever it wishes, draws blood and rains steadily.
عَلَيَّupon me وَلاand do not تَعجَلhurry دَواؤُكَyour cure فَاِنتَظِرso await
عَلَيَّ وَلا تَعجَل دَواؤُكَ فَاِنتَظِر
بَقِيَّةَthe remainder حِلمٍforbearance شارَفَتdrew near أَنto تَصَرَّماcome to an end
بَقِيَّةَ حِلمٍ شارَفَت أَن تَصَرَّما
Your cure falls to me—do not hurry; await
the remnant of forbearance, now on the verge of ending.
وَعِنديand I have وَلاand no بَغيٌinjustice لِرَأسِكَfor your head دِرَّةٌa lash
وَعِندي وَلا بَغيٌ لِرَأسِكَ دِرَّةٌ
إِذاwhen أَوقَعَتit struck فيon رَأسِthe head of نَذلٍa scoundrel تَرَنَّماhe sang
إِذا أَوقَعَت في رَأسِ نَذلٍ تَرَنَّما
And I have, without injustice, a lash for your head:
when it strikes a scoundrel's head, he sings.
لَهاit has شَبَقٌlust فيfor رَأسِthe head of كُلِّevery مُؤَنَّثِeffeminate man
لَها شَبَقٌ في رَأسِ كُلِّ مُؤَنَّثِ
فَلاso no كَفَّcessation حَتّىuntil يُخضَبَis dyed الكَفُّthe palm بِالدِماwith blood
فَلا كَفَّ حَتّى يُخضَبَ الكَفُّ بِالدِما
It lusts after the head of every effeminate man;
so there is no stopping until the palm is dyed with blood.
وَكَمand how often عارَضَتit opposed عُمرَthe life of الرِقاعَةِimpudence فَاِنقَضَتand it ended
وَكَم عارَضَت عُمرَ الرِقاعَةِ فَاِنقَضَت
إِذاwhen ماever هِيَit اِنقَضَّتswooped عَلىupon الرَأسِthe head قَشعَماlike an aged vulture
إِذا ما هِيَ اِنقَضَّت عَلى الرَأسِ قَشعَما
How often it has challenged impudence's life and ended it,
when it swoops upon the head like an aged vulture.
وَنَضنَضَand flicked فيin كَفِّthe hand of المُديرِthe wielder لِسانُهاits tongue
وَنَضنَضَ في كَفِّ المُديرِ لِسانُها
فَماso not قالَit spoke أَوunless كانَbecame القَذالُthe nape لَهُfor it فَماa mouth
فَما قالَ أَو كانَ القَذالُ لَهُ فَما
Its tongue flicked in the wielder's hand;
it said nothing unless the nape became its mouth.
نَصَبتَyou set up لَهاfor it رَأساًa head بِمَدرَجَةِon the path of الأَسىgrief
نَصَبتَ لَها رَأساً بِمَدرَجَةِ الأَسى
فَمَدَّتso it stretched out يَداًa hand مِنهاof its own بِسُفتَجَةِwith a bill of exchange العَمىblindness
فَمَدَّت يَداً مِنها بِسُفتَجَةِ العَمى
You set up a head for it on the path of grief,
so it stretched out its own hand with a bill of exchange for blindness.
رَعَتit pastured حِقباًfor ages أَبقارَهاits cows فيin حِمىthe sanctuary of الكَلاgrass
رَعَت حِقباً أَبقارَها في حِمى الكَلا
وَمِنand from بَعدِafter ماthe fact that ماتَتit died رَعَتit grazed ذَلِكَthat الحِمىprotected pasture
وَمِن بَعدِ ما ماتَت رَعَت ذَلِكَ الحِمى
For ages it pastured its cows in the sanctuary of grass,
and after it died, it grazed that same sanctuary.
إِذاwhen بَتَلَتit severed يَوماًone day نَغانِغَthe throat-folds of أَحمَقٍa fool
إِذا بَتَلَت يَوماً نَغانِغَ أَحمَقٍ
أَرَتناit showed us بِهاin them ماwhat بِالشِفاهِin the lips مِنَof اللَمىdusky lip-color
أَرَتنا بِها ما بِالشِفاهِ مِنَ اللَمى
When one day it severs a fool's throat-folds,
it shows us there the dusky tint found on lips.
تَعَمَّمput on a turban لَهاagainst it إِنَّindeed العِمامَةُthe turban جُنَّةُa shield
تَعَمَّم لَها إِنَّ العِمامَةُ جُنَّةُ
وَهَلand does يَنقَعbenefit المَصفوعَthe slapped man أَنto يَتَعَمَّماwear a turban
وَهَل يَنقَع المَصفوعَ أَن يَتَعَمَّما
Put on a turban against it: the turban is a shield.
But does wearing a turban help the man being slapped?
وَلِلحُمقِand for folly ياO فِرعَونُPharaoh فيهاin it مَآرِبٌpurposes
وَلِلحُمقِ يا فِرعَونُ فيها مَآرِبٌ
إِذاwhen ماever طَفىfloated up فِرعَونُهُits Pharaoh وَتَعَظَّماand grew arrogant
إِذا ما طَفى فِرعَونُهُ وَتَعَظَّما
And folly has uses for it, O Pharaoh,
when its Pharaoh floats up and swells with pride.
إِذاif كانَit was مَزحاًjest كانَit was تَغميزَthe massage of مُشفِقٍa caring person
إِذا كانَ مَزحاً كانَ تَغميزَ مُشفِقٍ
وَإِنand if كانَit was جِدّاًearnest كانَit was يَحدِرُbringing down بَلغَماphlegm
وَإِن كانَ جِدّاً كانَ يَحدِرُ بَلغَما
If it is in jest, it is a caring person's massage;
but if in earnest, it drives the phlegm down.
وَماand not عَدِمَتit lacked فيin كابِحِcurbing الصَقيعِthe fool حِكمَةًwisdom
وَما عَدِمَت في كابِحِ الصَقيعِ حِكمَةً
وَتَركيبُهُand its construction فيin الأَصلِthe beginning قَدalready كانَwas مُحكَماsoundly made
وَتَركيبُهُ في الأَصلِ قَد كانَ مُحكَما
And it has lacked no wisdom in curbing the fool,
and its construction was sound from the beginning.
هِيَit الخَمرُwine فيin وَصفِthe description of اِبنِIbn (son of) حَبورِHabur خَمرَهُhis wine
هِيَ الخَمرُ في وَصفِ اِبنِ حَبورِ خَمرَهُ
بِبَيتٍin a verse رَوَيناهُwe quoted it قَديماًlong ago مُقَدِّماplacing it first
بِبَيتٍ رَوَيناهُ قَديماً مُقَدِّما
It is wine, as Ibn Habur described his wine
in a verse we quoted long ago, by way of preface:
أَراحَتit relieved مِنَfrom الهَمِّgrief الدَخيلِintrusive وَأَعدَتand emboldened الذَليthe lowly (word fragment)
أَراحَت مِنَ الهَمِّ الدَخيلِ وَأَعدَت الذَلي
لَcompletes 'the lowly' وَسَنَّتand established لِلبَخيلِfor the miser التَكَرُّماgenerosity
لَ وَسَنَّت لِلبَخيلِ التَكَرُّما
It eased intrusive grief and emboldened the lowly,
and taught the miser generosity.
وَماand not هِيَit إِلّاexcept الخَمرُwine إِنَّindeed صَريعَهاits victim
وَما هِيَ إِلّا الخَمرُ إِنَّ صَريعَها
إِذاwhen نَعنَعَتit shook بِالشُكرِwith gratitude عِطفَيهِhis two flanks تَمتَماhe stammered
إِذا نَعنَعَت بِالشُكرِ عِطفَيهِ تَمتَما
It is nothing but wine; indeed, its victim,
when it shakes his flanks with gratitude, stammers.
إِذاif قَطَعَتit cut يَوماًone day قَفاهُhis nape وَقُطِّعَتand was cut apart
إِذا قَطَعَت يَوماً قَفاهُ وَقُطِّعَت
رَأَيتَyou saw القَفاthe nape أَعلىhigher مَحَلّاin station وَأَكرَماand more honored
رَأَيتَ القَفا أَعلى مَحَلّا وَأَكرَما
If one day it cuts his nape and is itself cut to pieces,
you will find the nape higher in station and more honored.
نُجَدِّدُهاwe renew it فيfor كُلِّevery صَقيعٍfool مُجَدِّدٍstarting afresh
نُجَدِّدُها في كُلِّ صَقيعٍ مُجَدِّدٍ
وَمِثلُكَand someone like you لاnot نَرميwe fling إِلَيهِto him المُرَمَّماthe patched-up one
وَمِثلُكَ لا نَرمي إِلَيهِ المُرَمَّما
We renew it for every fool who starts afresh,
and to one like you we do not fling a patched-up one.
نُداويwe treat بِخَمرِwith the wine of الصَفعِslapping مِنهاfrom it خُمارَهاits hangover
نُداوي بِخَمرِ الصَفعِ مِنها خُمارَها
فَإِنfor if ذَمَّhe condemned جُرحاًa wound فَهوَthen he يَحمَدُpraises مَرهَماa balm
فَإِن ذَمَّ جُرحاً فَهوَ يَحمَدُ مَرهَما
We cure its hangover with its own wine of slaps;
for if he condemns a wound, he praises a balm.
فَلاso do not تَكشِفَنbare رَأساًa head إِلَيهاtoward it مُشَجَّجاgashed
فَلا تَكشِفَن رَأساً إِلَيها مُشَجَّجا
وَلاand do not تَنصِبَنpresent خَدّاa cheek إِلَيهاtoward it مُلَطَّماslapped
وَلا تَنصِبَن خَدّا إِلَيها مُلَطَّما
So do not bare a gashed head before it,
nor present it with a cheek already slapped.
وَلاand do not تُظهِرَنdisplay رَفعَraising السِلاحِarms فَمَنfor who لَهُis equal to it
وَلا تُظهِرَن رَفعَ السِلاحِ فَمَن لَهُ
وَلاand do not تَرجُوَنhope for نَفعَthe benefit of الصِياحِshouting فَقَلَّماfor rarely
وَلا تَرجُوَن نَفعَ الصِياحِ فَقَلَّما
Nor make a show of raising arms—for who is equal to that?
Nor hope that shouting will help: it rarely does.
فَإِنfor if تَنتَهِكyou violate حِلميmy forbearance وَيَبلُغَand it reaches حَدَّهُits limit
فَإِن تَنتَهِك حِلمي وَيَبلُغَ حَدَّهُ
سَلَكتُI took a path وَراءَbeyond الحِلمِforbearance أَنto أَحَلَّماteach forbearance
سَلَكتُ وَراءَ الحِلمِ أَن أَحَلَّما
For if you violate my forbearance and it reaches its limit,
I go beyond forbearance to teach you forbearance.
وَقَدand perhaps يَملَأُfills القَطرُthe dripping water الإِناءَthe vessel وَقَدand already أَتىhas come
وَقَد يَملَأُ القَطرُ الإِناءَ وَقَد أَتى
بِقَطرِكَwith your drops أَنto يَملِأَfill الإِناءَthe vessel فَيُقعماand so overwhelm
بِقَطرِكَ أَن يَملِأَ الإِناءَ فَيُقعما
Drops may fill a vessel; and the time has come
for your drops to fill the vessel and bring ruin.
أَغَرُّكَdid it beguile you بِحريmy sea يَومَthe day لَجَّجتyou entered the depths مُقحَماًthrust in
أَغَرُّكَ بِحري يَومَ لَجَّجت مُقحَماً
فَرَدَّكَso it sent you back ضَحضاحيmy shallows تُلَجلِجُyou stammer مَفحَماsilenced
فَرَدَّكَ ضَحضاحي تُلَجلِجُ مَفحَما
Did my sea beguile you when you were thrust into its depths,
and my shallows sent you back stammering, struck dumb?
وَلَوand if لَمnot يَكُنhad been حِلميmy forbearance لِبَحرِكَfor your sea جُنَّةًa shield
وَلَو لَم يَكُن حِلمي لِبَحرِكَ جُنَّةً
لِأَرسَلتُهاI would have sent it forth مِمّاfrom what بَرىwhittled القَولُspeech أَسهُماas arrows
لِأَرسَلتُها مِمّا بَرى القَولُ أَسهُما
Had my forbearance not been a shield for your sea,
I would have sent it forth as arrows whittled by speech.
وَلَكِنَّكَbut you القِرنُthe adversary الَّذيwhom لَوif صَرَعتُهُI felled him
وَلَكِنَّكَ القِرنُ الَّذي لَو صَرَعتُهُ
لَكانَit would be قُصارىthe utmost الحَمدِpraise أَنto أَتَذَمَّماfeel ashamed
لَكانَ قُصارى الحَمدِ أَن أَتَذَمَّما
But you are the rival whom, if I felled,
the utmost praise I could gain would be to feel ashamed.
وَبَعدُand furthermore صَفعِslapping المُضِرَّthe harmful man اِنتِفاعُهُhis benefit
وَبَعدُ صَفعِ المُضِرَّ اِنتِفاعُهُ
وَماand not اِعوَجَّgrew crooked قَوسٌa bow قَطُّever إِلّاexcept that تَقَوَّماwas set right
وَما اِعوَجَّ قَوسٌ قَطُّ إِلّا تَقَوَّما
And further: slapping the harmful man is to his benefit;
and no bow ever grew crooked without being set right.
Sol 6.1