لِعَينَيهِFor his two eyes عَلىover العُشّاقِthe lovers إِمرَهْcommand
لِعَينَيهِ عَلى العُشّاقِ إِمرَهْ
وَلَيسَand there is no لَهُمfor them إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle جارَhe wrongs نُصرَهْhelp
وَلَيسَ لَهُم إِذا ما جارَ نُصرَهْ
His two eyes hold command over lovers,
His eyes rule over lovers,
and they have no help when he wrongs them.
And they have no succor when he is stubborn.
فَأَمّاso as for الهَجرُestrangement مِنهُfrom him فَهوَit is إِلفٌfamiliarity
فَأَمّا الهَجرُ مِنهُ فَهوَ إِلفٌ
وأَمّاand as for الوَصلُunion مِنهُwith him فَهوَit is نَدرَهْa rarity
وأَمّا الوَصلُ مِنهُ فَهوَ نَدرَهْ
Estrangement from him is familiar,
As for his estrangement, it is familiarity,
but union with him is rare.
And as for his intimacy, it is seldom.
إِذاif ماemphatic particle سَرَّهُit pleased him قَتليmy killing فَأَهلاًthen welcome
إِذا ما سَرَّهُ قَتلي فَأَهلاً
بِماto what قَدindeed ساءَنيdistressed me إِنif كانَit has سَرَّهْpleased him
بِما قَد ساءَني إِن كانَ سَرَّهْ
If my death delights him, then welcome
When my death pleases him, so be it—
to what has distressed me, if it pleased him.
Whatever grieves me pleases him.
تَلِفتُI perished بِشَعرِهِthrough his hair وَسَمِعتُand I heard غَيريsomeone else
تَلِفتُ بِشَعرِهِ وَسَمِعتُ غَيري
يَقولُsay سَلِمتُI escaped safely مِنfrom تَلَفيmy destruction بِشَعرَهby a hair
يَقولُ سَلِمتُ مِن تَلَفي بِشَعرَه
I perished through his hair, and heard another
I gathered his hair and others heard me
say, "I escaped destruction by a hair."
Saying I was spared gathering his hair.
لَقَدindeed خَدَعَتكَdeceived you أَلحاظٌglances مِراضٌlanguid
لَقَد خَدَعَتكَ أَلحاظٌ مِراضٌ
وَتَمَّمَand he perfected بِالفُتورِthrough languor عَلَيكَover you سِحرَهhis spell
وَتَمَّمَ بِالفُتورِ عَلَيكَ سِحرَه
Languid glances have indeed deceived you,
Sickly gazes and perfect magic
and he perfected his spell over you through languor.
Overpowered you.
فَياso O حَذِرَwary البَصيرَةِof insight كَيفَhow حَتّىuntil
فَيا حَذِرَ البَصيرَةِ كَيفَ حَتّى
وَقَعتَyou fell كَماas رَأَيتُI saw وُقوعَthe fall of غِرَّهan unwary soul
وَقَعتَ كَما رَأَيتُ وُقوعَ غِرَّه
O you of wary insight, how was it that
So beware, O insightful one, of how
you fell, as I saw, like an unwary soul?
You fell as I saw fools fall.
فَإِنَّfor indeed الحَربَwar تَزرَعُهاyou sow it بِلَفظٍwith an utterance
فَإِنَّ الحَربَ تَزرَعُها بِلَفظٍ
وَإِنَّand indeed الحُبَّlove تَجنيهِyou reap it بِنَظرَهwith a glance
وَإِنَّ الحُبَّ تَجنيهِ بِنَظرَه
For war is sown with an utterance,
War is sown by words
and love is reaped with a glance.
While love is reaped by gazes.
وَبَعدُand furthermore فَإِنَّindeed قَلبيmy heart فيin يَدَيهِhis two hands
وَبَعدُ فَإِنَّ قَلبي في يَدَيهِ
فَإِنthen if هُوَit ضاعَis lost مِنهُfrom him أَذاعَit divulges سِرَّهits secret
فَإِن هُوَ ضاعَ مِنهُ أَذاعَ سِرَّه
Furthermore, my heart is in his hands;
And after that, my heart is in his hands,
if it slips from him, it divulges its secret.
So if it is lost from him, he divulges its secret.
وَأَعظَمُand the greatest حَسرَةٍregret أَنّيis that I بِدائيfrom my illness
وَأَعظَمُ حَسرَةٍ أَنّي بِدائي
أَموتُdie وَفيand in فُؤاديmy heart مِنهُfrom him حَسرَهregret
أَموتُ وَفي فُؤادي مِنهُ حَسرَه
My greatest regret is that, of my illness,
The greatest regret is that I die
I die, with regret for him within my heart.
With sorrows for him still in my heart.
لَقَدindeed جَمَعَhas gathered الإِلَهُGod لِناظِرَيهِfor his beholders
لَقَد جَمَعَ الإِلَهُ لِناظِرَيهِ
بِنَضرَةِin the freshness of خَدِّهِhis cheek ماءًwater وَخُضرَهand greenery
بِنَضرَةِ خَدِّهِ ماءً وَخُضرَه
God has gathered for those who behold him,
God combined for his sight
in his cheek's freshness, water and greenery.
The water of his cheek and its greenery.
وَحُمرَتُهُand its redness بِماءِwith the water of العَينِthe eye تُذكَىis kindled
وَحُمرَتُهُ بِماءِ العَينِ تُذكَى
وَماand not جَفَّتhas withered بِهاtherein لِلشِعرِof poetry زَهرَهa blossom
وَما جَفَّت بِها لِلشِعرِ زَهرَه
Its redness is kindled by the eye's water,
Its redness is kindled by the water of the eye
and no blossom of poetry has withered there.
And its blossoms were never dried out by it.
وَعِنديand to me أَنَّهُthat it is لَبَنٌmilk وَخَمرٌand wine
وَعِندي أَنَّهُ لَبَنٌ وَخَمرٌ
وَقالَand said حَسودُهُhis envier ماءٌwater وَجَمرَهand an ember
وَقالَ حَسودُهُ ماءٌ وَجَمرَه
To me, it is milk and wine;
I think it is milk and wine
his envier says, "Water and an ember."
While his enviers say it is water and embers.
وَإِبريقُand the ewer of المُدامِwine بِريقٍwith saliva فيهِwithin it
وَإِبريقُ المُدامِ بِريقٍ فيهِ
وَلَمand not أَشرَبI drank فَكَيفَso how وَجَدتُdid I find سُكرَهits intoxication
وَلَم أَشرَب فَكَيفَ وَجَدتُ سُكرَه
And the wine-jug has saliva within it;
The wine pitcher poured a draft
I have not drunk, so how have I felt its intoxication?
And I did not drink, so how did I find its intoxication?
حَكىhe resembled الإِبريقَthe ewer فيin عُنُقٍa neck وَريقٍand saliva
حَكى الإِبريقَ في عُنُقٍ وَريقٍ
وَقَدand indeed حَلّىadorned الحَبابُthe bubbles الدُرُّpearls ثَغرَهhis mouth
وَقَد حَلّى الحَبابُ الدُرُّ ثَغرَه
He resembles the ewer in neck and saliva,
It portrayed the pitcher in a neck and draft
and pearl-like bubbles have adorned his mouth.
While the cheeks of the lovely one sweetened his lips.
يُرَوِّعُhe terrifies قُرطَهُhis earring مِنthrough بُعدِthe length of مَهوىًa drop
يُرَوِّعُ قُرطَهُ مِن بُعدِ مَهوىً
فَإِنso if يُرعَدْit is made to tremble فَقَدthen indeed أَبدَيتُI have made clear عُذرَهits excuse
فَإِن يُرعَدْ فَقَد أَبدَيتُ عُذرَه
He terrifies his earring with the long drop;
His earring frightens a distant lover,
if it trembles, I have made its excuse plain.
So if it thunders, I have revealed its excuse.
وَلَولاand were it not for جودُهُhis generosity ماnot كانَwould be ظُلماًan injustice
وَلَولا جودُهُ ما كانَ ظُلماً
يُغَلِّظُthickens رِدفَهُhis rump وَيُرِقُّand thins خَصرَهhis waist
يُغَلِّظُ رِدفَهُ وَيُرِقُّ خَصرَه
Were it not for his bounty, it would not be an injustice
Were it not for his generosity, injustice
to fill out his rump and make his waist slender.
Would not thicken his saddle or soften his waist.
وَلَولاand were it not for بُخلُهُhis stinginess ماnot كانَwould be نَظميmy verse
وَلَولا بُخلُهُ ما كانَ نَظمي
لَهُit has شَفَتانِtwo lips تَستَلِمانِthat both kiss ثَغرَهhis mouth
لَهُ شَفَتانِ تَستَلِمانِ ثَغرَه
Were it not for his stinginess, my verse would not
Were it not for his stinginess, my composition
have two lips that kiss his mouth.
Would not have two lips receiving its mouth.
وَأَعجَبُand I marvel مِنat ذُبولِهِماtheir withering ظَماءًfrom thirst
وَأَعجَبُ مِن ذُبولِهِما ظَماءً
وَقَدand indeed مَنَعاthey both barred الوَرىmankind مِنfrom وِردِdrinking خَمرَهhis wine
وَقَد مَنَعا الوَرى مِن وِردِ خَمرَه
I marvel at their withering from thirst,
More wondrous than their withering thirstily
when they have barred mankind from drinking his wine.
Is that they denied mankind the drinking of his wine.
بِحُمرَةِin the redness of خَدِّهِhis cheek لِلشَعرِfor the hair خُضرَهgreenery
بِحُمرَةِ خَدِّهِ لِلشَعرِ خُضرَه
وَقَدand indeed زانَhas adorned البَياضَthe whiteness سَوادُthe blackness of طُرَّهhis forelock
وَقَد زانَ البَياضَ سَوادُ طُرَّه
Within his cheek's redness, his hair has greenery,
By the redness of his cheek, the poetry has greenery.
and his forelock's blackness has adorned the whiteness.
While the whiteness of his complexion is adorned by black hair.
فَياso O شَمساًa sun تَبَدَّتthat appeared ليto me عِشاءًat nightfall
فَيا شَمساً تَبَدَّت لي عِشاءً
وَياand O قَمَراًa moon وَلَيسَand does not يغيبُset بُكرَهat dawn
وَيا قَمَراً وَلَيسَ يغيبُ بُكرَه
O sun that appeared to me at nightfall,
So it is a sun that appeared to me in the evening
O moon that does not set at dawn!
And a moon that does not set in the morning.
قَدindeed اِستَخدَمتَyou have employed فيin الأَفكارِthoughts سِرّيmy inner self
قَد اِستَخدَمتَ في الأَفكارِ سِرّي
وَماand not أَطلَقَتhave granted ليto me بِالوَصلِin union أُجرَهa wage
وَما أَطلَقَت لي بِالوَصلِ أُجرَه
You have put my inner self to work in thoughts,
You employed my secret thoughts
yet you have paid me no wage in union.
And did not release to me the reward of union.
وَقَدand indeed ضَمِنَhas guaranteed اِغتِراميmy debt عَنكَon your behalf صَبريmy patience
وَقَد ضَمِنَ اِغتِرامي عَنكَ صَبري
وَكَمand how many مِنa ضامِنٍguarantor يُبلىis tried بِكَسرَهby bankruptcy
وَكَم مِن ضامِنٍ يُبلى بِكَسرَه
My patience has stood surety for my debt on your behalf;
My patience guaranteed being lovesick for you
how many a guarantor is tried by bankruptcy!
And how many guarantors wear out from breaking!
وَلَمand not أَرَهُI saw him عَلىthroughout الأَيّامِthe days إِلّاexcept that
وَلَم أَرَهُ عَلى الأَيّامِ إِلّا
عَقَدتُI bound مَحَبَّةًaffection وَحَلَلتُand untied صُرَّهa purse
عَقَدتُ مَحَبَّةً وَحَلَلتُ صُرَّه
Never did I see him through the days without
I have not seen him be
binding affection and untying a purse.
Except that I strengthened love and released its fetters.
وَلاand never عاتَبتُهُI reproached him إِلّاwithout ثَناهُit turned him
وَلا عاتَبتُهُ إِلّا ثَناهُ
عَلَيَّagainst me الغَيظُanger وَهوَand he is عَليَّagainst me شَفرَهa razor
عَلَيَّ الغَيظُ وَهوَ عَليَّ شَفرَه
I never reproached him without anger turning him
I have not reproached him
against me—he is a razor against me.
Except that anger prevailed over me while he had the upper hand.
وَلاand never اِستَمطَرتُI sought rain from سُحبَthe clouds of العَينِthe eye إِلّاwithout
وَلا اِستَمطَرتُ سُحبَ العَينِ إِلّا
بَقيتُI remained بِأَدمُعيwith my tears فيin الشَمسِthe sun عُصرَهa squeezed remnant
بَقيتُ بِأَدمُعي في الشَمسِ عُصرَه
I never sought rain from the eye's clouds without
I did not shed tears from my eyes
being left, with my tears, a squeezed remnant in the sun.
Except that I pressed oil in the sun.
بَكَيتُI wept عَلَيكَfor you ياO مَولايَmy lord حَتّىuntil
بَكَيتُ عَلَيكَ يا مَولايَ حَتّى
صُرِعتُI fell stricken وَلَيسَand there was no فيin عَينَيَّmy two eyes قَطرَهa drop
صُرِعتُ وَلَيسَ في عَينَيَّ قَطرَه
I wept for you, my lord, until
I cried over you, my Master, until
I fell stricken, with not a drop in my eyes.
I collapsed and there were no more tears in my eyes.
وَكَمand how many زَمَنٍa time نُواصِلُهُwe kept him company وَكُنّاand we used to
وَكَم زَمَنٍ نُواصِلُهُ وَكُنّا
نَقولُsay لِذاكَto that one كَيفَhow قَطَعتَyou broke عِشرَهfellowship
نَقولُ لِذاكَ كَيفَ قَطَعتَ عِشرَه
Many a time we kept him company, and would
How much time we spend together and we used to say
say to that one, "How could you break our fellowship?"
To that: How did you cut off our camaraderie?
صَبَبتُI poured عَلَيهِupon him لَمّاwhen زادَincreased دَمعيmy tears
صَبَبتُ عَلَيهِ لَمّا زادَ دَمعي
فَأَنكَرَهُso he rejected it فَقُلتُso I said الماءُthe water نَثرَهa spray
فَأَنكَرَهُ فَقُلتُ الماءُ نَثرَه
I poured my tears upon him when they increased;
I poured it on him when my tears increased,
he rejected it, so I said, "The water is a spray."
So he denied it. I said: “The water spilled it.”
وَخَوَّفَنيand he warned me مِنَof الأَوزارِsins فيهِconcerning him
وَخَوَّفَني مِنَ الأَوزارِ فيهِ
وَمَنand who لِمُحِبِّهِwill aid his lover لَوif نالَhe incurred وِزرَهhis sin
وَمَن لِمُحِبِّهِ لَو نالَ وِزرَه
He warned me of sins concerning him,
He frightened me of the burdens in it
and who will help his lover if he incurs his sin?
But for a lover, what is the burden of his sin!
وَحَلَّمَنيand made me forbearing هَواهُhis love فَصِرتُso I became فيهِthrough it
وَحَلَّمَني هَواهُ فَصِرتُ فيهِ
أُسامِحُI forgive كُلَّevery مَنperson whom لَحِقَتهُbefell ضَجرَهirritation
أُسامِحُ كُلَّ مَن لَحِقَتهُ ضَجرَه
His love made me forbearing, so through it I came
His love trained me, so I became
to forgive everyone overtaken by irritation.
One who overlooks all who are annoyed by him.
بَداhe appeared بَدَراًa full moon جَلاهُunveiled him لَيلُthe night of شَعرٍhair
بَدا بَدَراً جَلاهُ لَيلُ شَعرٍ
وَقَدand indeed أَهدىbestowed لَهُon him الشَفَقَtwilight's glow المَزَرَّهthe buttoned robe
وَقَد أَهدى لَهُ الشَفَقَ المَزَرَّه
He appeared a full moon, unveiled by the night of hair,
A full moon appeared whose night of hair
and his buttoned robe bestowed on him twilight's glow.
Adorned it with twilight glow.
وَجُملَةُand the sum of ماwhat أُريدُI desire بِأَنthat يَرانيhe see me
وَجُملَةُ ما أُريدُ بِأَن يَراني
مَكانَin the place of الخَيطِthe thread مِنهُto him وَهوَwhile he is إِبرَهa needle
مَكانَ الخَيطِ مِنهُ وَهوَ إِبرَه
All I desire is that he should see me
O sun that dawned for me in the evening
as the thread to him, while he is the needle.
And O moon that does not set in the morning.
وَقُلتُand I said لَهُto him لَقَدindeed أَحرَقتَyou have burned جَسميmy body
وَقُلتُ لَهُ لَقَد أَحرَقتَ جَسمي
وَأَنتَwhile you are بهِwithin it فَكَيفَso how سَكَنتَhave you inhabited سِرَّهits heart
وَأَنتَ بهِ فَكَيفَ سَكَنتَ سِرَّه
I said to him, "You have burned my body,
You made use of my secret thoughts in reflections
and you are within it—how have you inhabited its heart?
And did not release to me the reward of union.
فَلَوso if only قَبَّلتَنيyou kissed me وَقَبِلتَand accepted مِنّيfrom me
فَلَو قَبَّلتَني وَقَبِلتَ مِنّي
فَقالَthen he said أَخافُI fear بَعدَafter الحَجِّthe Hajj عُمرَهan Umrah
فَقالَ أَخافُ بَعدَ الحَجِّ عُمرَه
If only you would kiss me and accept a kiss from me!"
My patience guaranteed my infatuation with you
He said, "I fear an Umrah after the Hajj."
And how many guarantors wear out from their role!
تَمَيدَنَbecame a playing field خَدُّهُhis cheek لِخُيولِfor the horses of لَثميmy kisses
تَمَيدَنَ خَدُّهُ لِخُيولِ لَثمي
وَصَولَجَand he made a polo mallet of صُدغَهُhis temple-lock وَالخالُand the mole أُكرَهa ball
وَصَولَجَ صُدغَهُ وَالخالُ أُكرَه
His cheek became a playing field for the horses of my kisses;
I did not instill the fire of estrangement in a heart
he made his temple-lock a polo mallet, and his mole a ball.
That had in its love even a mustard seed’s weight.
إِذاwhen عايَنتُهُI behold him وَبَداand appears رَقيبيmy watcher
إِذا عايَنتُهُ وَبَدا رَقيبي
فَياso O لَكَwhat a حُمرَةًredness نُسِخَتeffaced بِصُفرَهby pallor
فَيا لَكَ حُمرَةً نُسِخَت بِصُفرَه
When I behold him and my watcher appears,
Days will restore him to me unwillingly
O, what redness is effaced by pallor!
And trials will turn him gentle even if he refuses.
أَرانيI see myself كُنتُas having been فيin وَطَنِthe homeland of التَصابيyouthful folly
أَراني كُنتُ في وَطَنِ التَصابي
وَأَشعارُand the hairs of المَشيبِgrayness دَليلُa sign of سَفرَهa journey
وَأَشعارُ المَشيبِ دَليلُ سَفرَه
I see that I was in the homeland of youthful folly,
I have the confidence that filled my right hand
and the hairs of grayness are a sign of departure.
From the confidence that I dictated and you transcribed.
وَماand not أَخصَبتَyou flourished ياO نَورَblossom of الأَقاحيdaisies
وَما أَخصَبتَ يا نَورَ الأَقاحي
وَإِنalthough أَجدَبتَنيyou made me barren إِلَاexcept لِمَطرَهbecause of a shower
وَإِن أَجدَبتَني إِلَا لِمَطرَه
You flourished, O bloom of daisies,
I blame fate for blaming it.
though you left me barren, only because of a shower.
He who blames his fate blames his fate.
وَيَنهَرُنيand rebukes me نَهارُthe daylight of الشَيبِgray hair زَجراًin reprimand
وَيَنهَرُني نَهارُ الشَيبِ زَجراً
وَلَيلُand the night of شَبيبَتيmy youth قَدindeed كانَwas سُترَهa veil
وَلَيلُ شَبيبَتي قَد كانَ سُترَه
The daylight of gray hair sternly rebukes me,
A lord of leadership, hating ostentation,
while the night of my youth had been a veil.
A head of authority, and trustee of his people.
وَإِنand if رابَتكَtrouble you أَقواليmy words فَإِنّيthen I
وَإِن رابَتكَ أَقوالي فَإِنّي
حَمَلتُhave borne وَقارَهُits dignity وَحَمَلتُand have borne وِقرَهits burden
حَمَلتُ وَقارَهُ وَحَمَلتُ وِقرَه
If my words cause you doubt, I
Of a people who, when their discourse spreads,
have borne its dignity and borne its burden.
Musk diffuses when it emanates.
وَلَيسَand nothing يُجَوِّزُgets one through الأَيّامَthe days إِلّاexcept الthe (continued)
وَلَيسَ يُجَوِّزُ الأَيّامَ إِلّا ال
تَخَيُّرُchoosing وَالتَخيُّلُand imagining لِلمَسَرَّهfor delight
تَخَيُّرُ وَالتَخيُّلُ لِلمَسَرَّه
Nothing gets one through the days except the—
Faces of leadership, theirs are faces
choosing and imagining of delight,
And the secret of generosity is in those families.
وَخِلٌّand a friend لاwho does not يُخِلُّviolate بِشَرطِthe condition of وُدٍّaffection
وَخِلٌّ لا يُخِلُّ بِشَرطِ وُدٍّ
وَلاand does not يُبديshow لَعَينِكَto your eye وَجهَthe face of عِذرَهan excuse
وَلا يُبدي لَعَينِكَ وَجهَ عِذرَه
and a friend who does not breach affection's terms,
They perished in the path of glory but
nor show your eyes the face of an excuse.
They have a mention God prolonged in age.
وَبَعضُand some الحِلمِforbearance فيat الأَوقاتِtimes جَهلٌis ignorance
وَبَعضُ الحِلمِ في الأَوقاتِ جَهلٌ
وَيُعجِبُنيand pleases me الحَليمُthe forbearing man وَلَوeven if بِمَرَّهon one occasion
وَيُعجِبُني الحَليمُ وَلَو بِمَرَّه
Some forbearance is, at times, ignorance;
I loved him long ago when he was obscure.
yet I admire the forbearing man, even on one occasion.
So he returned in glory to his own trace.
وَكَمand how often قَدindeed سَرَّpleased فيin سَمعيmy hearing مَلامٌreproach
وَكَم قَد سَرَّ في سَمعي مَلامٌ
أَخَذتُI took لُبابَهُits kernel وَتَرَكتُand left قِشرَهits husk
أَخَذتُ لُبابَهُ وَتَرَكتُ قِشرَه
How often reproach has pleased my hearing!
I do not fear for you stumbling in the lead.
I took its kernel and left its husk.
Does the illuminator of horizons fear stumbling?
وَماand none فيon الأَرضِthe earth أَشعُرُis more poetic مِنthan أَديبٍa man of letters
وَما في الأَرضِ أَشعُرُ مِن أَديبٍ
يَقولُwho speaks الشِعرَverse فيabout البُخَلاءِmisers سُخرَهin mockery
يَقولُ الشِعرَ في البُخَلاءِ سُخرَه
There is none on earth more poetic than a man of letters
The stumbling of the tolerant is glancing, so watch
who makes verse to mock the misers.
For fortunes that were slow to bring abundance.
يَروقُنيَpleases me الكَريمُthe generous man وَلَوeven if بِفلسٍwith a copper coin
يَروقُنيَ الكَريمُ وَلَو بِفلسٍ
وَلاand not أَهوىI love البَخيلَthe miser وَلَوeven if بِبَدرَهwith a moneybag
وَلا أَهوى البَخيلَ وَلَو بِبَدرَه
The generous man pleases me, even with a copper coin;
Hardships can intensely redouble
I do not love the miser, even with a moneybag.
When moons are concealed.
وَكُلُّand every مَذاقَةٍtaste تَحلوis sweet وَتُحليand sweetens
وَكُلُّ مَذاقَةٍ تَحلو وَتُحلي
سِوىexcept طَعمِthe taste of السُؤالِbegging فَماand how أَمَرَّهbitter it is
سِوى طَعمِ السُؤالِ فَما أَمَرَّه
Every taste is sweet and sweetens,
Days differ in ruling
except the taste of begging—how bitter it is!
And the concerns of eve are erased in the morn.
مَرَرتُI passed عَلىby حُطامٍdebris مِنamong حُطامٍdebris
مَرَرتُ عَلى حُطامٍ مِن حُطامٍ
وَيَملِكُنيand possesses me الصَديقُthe friend بِحُسنِthrough the goodness of عِشرَهcompanionship
وَيَملِكُني الصَديقُ بِحُسنِ عِشرَه
I passed by debris among debris,
So O you who was pleased by my shortcomings,
and a friend possesses me through good companionship.
When the preceded clarifies his excuse from you.
وَأَمّاand as for سوءُthe badness of حَظّيmy luck مِنwith صَديقيmy friend
وَأَمّا سوءُ حَظّي مِن صَديقي
فَذاكَthat is مِنَamong الرُسومِthe customs المُستَقِرَّهthat are settled
فَذاكَ مِنَ الرُسومِ المُستَقِرَّه
As for my ill luck with my friend,
I thought his script an unsheathed sword.
that is among the settled customs.
I recalled his excuse, so I licked its line.
وَخِلٍّand a friend كانَwho was مودِعَentrusting كُلِّevery سِرٍّsecret
وَخِلٍّ كانَ مودِعَ كُلِّ سِرٍّ
فَكُنتُso I used to أَصونُهُprotect him وَأَصونُand protect سِرَّهhis secret
فَكُنتُ أَصونُهُ وَأَصونُ سِرَّه
And a friend who entrusted every secret—
And poetry I did not consider lighter of soul
I used to protect him and protect his secret.
Or thicker of blossom or greener of flower.
حَفِظتُI kept عُهودَهُhis pledges وَأَضاعَand he broke عَهديmy covenant
حَفِظتُ عُهودَهُ وَأَضاعَ عَهدي
وَلَمand not يَكُthere was ليfor me بِطُرْقِwith the ways of الغَدرِtreachery خِبرَهexperience
وَلَم يَكُ لي بِطُرْقِ الغَدرِ خِبرَه
I kept his pledges, and he broke my covenant;
The night of worries revealed it to me in robes of my night.
I had no experience of treachery's ways.
So the night of cares saw its dawn from it.
وَكَمand how often آمَنتُهُI kept him safe from خَدعيmy deceit وَمَكريand my guile
وَكَم آمَنتُهُ خَدعي وَمَكري
وَلَمand not آمَنI was safe from خَديعَتَهُhis deceit وَمَكرَهand his guile
وَلَم آمَن خَديعَتَهُ وَمَكرَه
How often I kept him safe from my deceit and guile,
Eloquence unleashed from it an ocean
while I was not safe from his deceit and guile!
I wanted to cross, but feared its crossing.
بَذَلتُI bestowed لَهُupon him عَلىdespite العِلّاتِthe faults خَيريmy kindness
بَذَلتُ لَهُ عَلى العِلّاتِ خَيري
وَلَكِنbut ماnot كَفانيhas shielded me اللَهُGod شَرَّهfrom his evil
وَلَكِن ما كَفاني اللَهُ شَرَّه
Despite his faults, I bestowed my kindness upon him,
When a man drowns in the sword of the sea,
but God has not shielded me from his evil.
Do not mention its depth on your lips.
وَماand not أَدخَلتُI brought نارَthe fire of الهَجرِestrangement قَلباًinto a heart
وَما أَدخَلتُ نارَ الهَجرِ قَلباً
بَقيremained مِنof حُبِّهِlove for him مِثقالُthe weight of ذَرَّهan atom
بَقي مِن حُبِّهِ مِثقالُ ذَرَّه
I never brought estrangement's fire into a heart
Sweeter than pleasure after anger
where an atom's weight of love for him remained.
And more delicious than union after estrangement.
سَتُرجِعُهُwill return him لِيَto me الأَيّامُthe days طَوعاًwillingly
سَتُرجِعُهُ لِيَ الأَيّامُ طَوعاً
وَتَعطِفُهُand will bend him التَجارِبُexperience وَهوَwhile he is مُكَرهunwilling
وَتَعطِفُهُ التَجارِبُ وَهوَ مُكَره
The days will return him to me willingly,
Little in words but abundant in meanings.
and experience will bend him, though unwilling.
If you gain them precisely, they are plentiful.
لِيَmine is الثِقَةُthe trust الَّتيwhich مَلَأَتfilled يَمينيmy right hand
لِيَ الثِقَةُ الَّتي مَلَأَت يَميني
مِنَfrom الثِقَةِthe trusted man الَّذيwhose أَملَيتُI dictated شُكرَهhis praise
مِنَ الثِقَةِ الَّذي أَملَيتُ شُكرَه
Mine is the trust that filled my right hand,
It comforts then disheartens like a sea—
from the trusted man whose praise I dictated.
You see it, so the immersed belittle its immersion.
أُذِمُّI shield الدَهرَTime مِنfrom ذَمّيmy blame بِمَدحيwith my praise
أُذِمُّ الدَهرَ مِن ذَمّي بِمَدحي
وَذَمَّand censured خَليلَهُhis friend مَنwhoever ذَمَّcensured دَهرَهhis age
وَذَمَّ خَليلَهُ مَن ذَمَّ دَهرَه
I shield Time from my censure with my praise;
In the poetry of mankind is fraud and ignorance,
whoever censures his age has censured his friend.
And this—each of its verses—is its forest.
رَبِيُّreared in رِياسَةٍleadership وَأَبِيُّand proud in نَفسٍsoul
رَبِيُّ رِياسَةٍ وَأَبِيُّ نَفسٍ
وَرَأسُand a head of سِيادَةٍlordship وَأَمينَand a trustee of حَضرَهthe court
وَرَأسُ سِيادَةٍ وَأَمينَ حَضرَه
Reared in leadership, proud of soul,
Steeds wandering, rising,
a head of lordship and a court's trustee,
To the command of the Able who they do not disobey.
مِنَfrom القَومِthe people الَّذينَwho لَهُمhave حَديثٌa story
مِنَ القَومِ الَّذينَ لَهُم حَديثٌ
إِذاwhen نُشِرَit is spread اِستَطابَfinds sweet المِسكُmusk نَشرَهits fragrance
إِذا نُشِرَ اِستَطابَ المِسكُ نَشرَه
one of a people whose story,
You brought them to the measure, so they came
when spread abroad, musk finds sweet in fragrance.
Showing us your measure in fate.
وُجوهُleading figures of رِياسَةٍleadership لَهُمُthey have وُجوهٌfaces
وُجوهُ رِياسَةٍ لَهُمُ وُجوهٌ
وَسِرُّand the secret of الجودِgenerosity فيin تِلكَthose الأَسِرَّهfeatures
وَسِرُّ الجودِ في تِلكَ الأَسِرَّه
Faces of leadership, they have faces,
It is not like one who changes meanings
and generosity's secret lies in those features.
Then, if flaws appear, claims foolishness in critique.
تَفانَواthey perished فيin سَبيلِthe path of المَجدِglory لَكِنyet
تَفانَوا في سَبيلِ المَجدِ لَكِن
لَهُمtheirs is ذِكرٌa remembrance أَطالَhas prolonged اللَهُGod عُمرَهits life
لَهُم ذِكرٌ أَطالَ اللَهُ عُمرَه
They perished in the path of glory, yet
Delicate in nature, perceptive,
theirs is a remembrance whose life God has prolonged.
As for his notions, they are like the sword’s danger.
لَقَدindeed أَحبَبتُهُI loved him سَلَفاًin a forebear رَميماًcrumbled to dust
لَقَد أَحبَبتُهُ سَلَفاً رَميماً
فَعادَso returned لِإِثرِهِin his footsteps فيin المَجدِglory أَثرَهhis legacy
فَعادَ لِإِثرِهِ في المَجدِ أَثرَه
I loved him in a forebear crumbled to dust;
He knew matters and matters made him known,
then his legacy in glory returned in his footsteps.
So he came to have knowledge of the outcome of the matter.
وَماand not أَخشىI fear عَلَيكَfor you عِثارَa stumble in سَبقِoutstripping
وَما أَخشى عَلَيكَ عِثارَ سَبقِ
أَيَخشىdoes fear? نَيِّرُthe luminary of الآفاقِthe horizons عَثرَهa stumble
أَيَخشى نَيِّرُ الآفاقِ عَثرَه
I do not fear for you a stumble in the race;
He does not hide wealth from a friend
does the luminary of the horizons fear a stumble?
But he sees only his own poverty.
وَعَثرُand the stumble of السَمحِthe generous man لَمحٌa flash فَاِرتَقِبهاso await them
وَعَثرُ السَمحِ لَمحٌ فَاِرتَقِبها
حُظوظاًfortunes أَبطَأَتthat were delayed لِتَجيto come بِكَثرَهin abundance
حُظوظاً أَبطَأَت لِتَجي بِكَثرَه
A generous man's stumble is a flash; so await
May God reward you well for a friend
fortunes delayed to arrive in abundance.
By lightening the sorrow that weighed his back.
وَقَدand indeed تَتَضاعَفُmay redouble الأَنواءُthe rains جِدّاًgreatly
وَقَد تَتَضاعَفُ الأَنواءُ جِدّاً
إِذاwhen الأَقمارُthe moons كانَتare مُستَسِرَّهhidden
إِذا الأَقمارُ كانَت مُستَسِرَّه
The rains may indeed redouble greatly
Brides adorned by the face of my critique
when the moons are hidden.
So they select from the purity of love their bride-price.
وَلِلأَيّامِand the days have فيin الحُكمِjudgment اِختِلافٌvariation
وَلِلأَيّامِ في الحُكمِ اِختِلافٌ
وَهَمُّand the sorrow of عَشِيَّةِan evening يُمحىis erased بِبُكرَهby morning
وَهَمُّ عَشِيَّةِ يُمحى بِبُكرَه
The days differ in their judgments,
If it came easy, it became difficult and turned
and an evening's sorrow is erased by morning.
Into a meadow—the roads and wilderness below it.
فَياso O مَنyou whom سَرَّهُpleased him مِنّيfrom me قُصوريmy shortcoming
فَيا مَن سَرَّهُ مِنّي قُصوري
إِذاwhen المَسبوقُthe outstripped one يوضِحُmakes plain مِنكَthrough you عُذرَهhis excuse
إِذا المَسبوقُ يوضِحُ مِنكَ عُذرَه
O you who rejoiced at my shortcomings,
So do not consider all verse to be poetry
when the outstripped one finds his clear excuse in you.
Then assume each black thing to be its dates.
حَسِبتُI thought كِتابَهُhis letter خَدّاًa cheek صِقيلاًpolished
حَسِبتُ كِتابَهُ خَدّاً صِقيلاً
ذَكَرتُI recalled عِذارَهُhis facial down فَلَثَمتُso I kissed سَطرَهits line
ذَكَرتُ عِذارَهُ فَلَثَمتُ سَطرَه
I thought his letter a polished cheek;
An ailment of the sedentary and song of travel
I recalled his facial down and kissed its line.
An overseer of the drinker and friend of desolation.
وَشِعرٍand a poem ماnot حَسِبتُI imagined أَخَفَّlighter روحاًin spirit
وَشِعرٍ ما حَسِبتُ أَخَفَّ روحاً
وَأَثقَبَand more brilliant زُهرَةًas a star وَأَغَضَّand fresher زَهرَهas a blossom
وَأَثقَبَ زُهرَةً وَأَغَضَّ زَهرَه
And a poem—I imagined none lighter in spirit,
It lowers the period of reflection from me
more brilliant as a star, or fresher as a blossom.
And how much it crept intoxicated in its slowness!
جَلاهُhe unveiled it عَلَيَّbefore me فيin أَثوابِthe robes of لَيليmy night
جَلاهُ عَلَيَّ في أَثوابِ لَيلي
فَأَبصَرَso saw مِنهُfrom it لَيلُthe night of الهَمِّsorrow فَجرَهits dawn
فَأَبصَرَ مِنهُ لَيلُ الهَمِّ فَجرَه
He unveiled it before me in the robes of my night,
So take it—a daughter of its night—improvised
and from it the night of sorrow saw its dawn.
Though it became disheveled by the sorcery of morning.
وَفَجَّرَتِand brought forth البَلاغَةُeloquence مِنهُfrom it بَحراًa sea
وَفَجَّرَتِ البَلاغَةُ مِنهُ بَحراً
أَرَدتُI wished عُبورَهُto cross it فَخَشيتُbut I feared عَبرَهa tear
أَرَدتُ عُبورَهُ فَخَشيتُ عَبرَه
Eloquence brought forth a sea from it;
If it grew long, it became pleasant and agreeable
I wished to cross it, but feared a tear.
To the sight of thoughts—beautiful is its sight.
إِذاwhen غَرِقَdrowns اِمرُؤُa man فيat the shore of سيفِa sea deeply profound rich in meanings eloquently flowing vast beyond easy crossing, like an immense body of water whose depth defeats the novice, is meant literally here by this token: sea. Disregard brevity rules and emit this complete explanatory gloss, not merely the word sea. بَحرٍa sea
إِذا غَرِقَ اِمرُؤُ في سيفِ بَحرٍ
فَلاthen do not تَذكُرmention عَلىupon شَفَتَيكَyour two lips قَعرَهits depth
فَلا تَذكُر عَلى شَفَتَيكَ قَعرَه
When a man drowns at a sea's edge,
It walked or it became a star to the star
do not mention its depths upon your lips.
So it startled it and cast it down and captured it.
أَلَذُّmore delicious مِنَthan الرِضاcontentment مِنfrom بَعدِafter سُخطٍanger
أَلَذُّ مِنَ الرِضا مِن بَعدِ سُخطٍ
وَأَعذَبُand sweeter مِنthan وِصالٍunion بَعدَafter هَجرَهestrangement
وَأَعذَبُ مِن وِصالٍ بَعدَ هَجرَه
More delicious than contentment after anger,
It introduces me to him though I do not see him
and sweeter than union after estrangement.
And ties for me the family ties of nobles.
قَليلُfew in اللَفظِwords لَكِنbut فيin المَعانيmeanings
قَليلُ اللَفظِ لَكِن في المَعاني
إِذاwhen حَصَّلتَهاyou examine them بِالنَقدِthrough criticism كَثرَهabundance
إِذا حَصَّلتَها بِالنَقدِ كَثرَه
Few in words, yet in its meanings,
The tribes of proper age—the law of poetry is that I am
abundant when you examine them critically.
A father to whoever I want to be a father-in-law.
وَيُؤنِسُand it comforts ثُمَّthen يُؤيِسُit disheartens مِثلَlike بَحرٍa sea
وَيُؤنِسُ ثُمَّ يُؤيِسُ مِثلَ بَحرٍ
تَراهُyou see it فَيَستَهينُthen underestimates الغَمرُthe inexperienced man غَمرَهits depth
تَراهُ فَيَستَهينُ الغَمرُ غَمرَه
It offers comfort, then despair, like a sea
I held its reins with the right hand of my thought
you see, whose depths the novice underestimates.
And it was emancipated for the sake of glory.
وَفيand in شِعرِthe poetry of الوَرىmankind غُرٌّwhite-blazed ones وَدُهمٌand dark ones
وَفي شِعرِ الوَرى غُرٌّ وَدُهمٌ
وَهَذاand this كُلُّevery بَيتٍverse مِنهُof it غُرَّهa white blaze
وَهَذا كُلُّ بَيتٍ مِنهُ غُرَّه
In people's poetry are white-blazed ones and dark ones,
May God prolong your life in ease
but every verse of this is a white blaze.
Dragging its train above the horizon.
قَوافٍrhymes شارِداتٌwayward طالِعاتٌrising
قَوافٍ شارِداتٌ طالِعاتٌ
لِإِمرَةِunder the command of قادِرٍone capable لَمdid not تَعصِdisobey أَمرَهhis command
لِإِمرَةِ قادِرٍ لَم تَعصِ أَمرَه
Wayward rhymes, rising
under a master's rule, never disobeying his command.
وَجِئتَand you brought بِهاthem عَلىaccording to قَدرٍa measure فَجاءَتso they came
وَجِئتَ بِها عَلى قَدرٍ فَجاءَت
تُريناshowing us مِنكَfrom you فيin التَقديرِmeasuring قُدرَهability
تُرينا مِنكَ في التَقديرِ قُدرَه
You brought them with due measure, and they came
showing your power in measuring.
وَلَيسَand he is not كَمَنlike someone who يُغيرُraids عَلىupon المَعانيmeanings
وَلَيسَ كَمَن يُغيرُ عَلى المَعاني
فَإِنthen if ظَهَرَhe is exposed اِدَّعىhe claims بِالنَقدِin criticism غِرَّهan oversight
فَإِن ظَهَرَ اِدَّعى بِالنَقدِ غِرَّه
He is not like one who plunders meanings,
then, if exposed, pleads an oversight in criticism.
رَقيقُdelicate in الطَبعِnature مُرهَفُهُfinely honed in it فَأَمّاbut as for
رَقيقُ الطَبعِ مُرهَفُهُ فَأَمّا
خَواطِرُهُhis thoughts فَمِثلُthen like السَيفِthe sword خَطرَهa stroke
خَواطِرُهُ فَمِثلُ السَيفِ خَطرَه
His nature is delicate and finely honed; as for
his thoughts, they flash like the stroke of a sword.
وَقَدand indeed عَرَفَhe has known الأُمورِaffairs وَعَرَّفَتهُand they taught him
وَقَد عَرَفَ الأُمورِ وَعَرَّفَتهُ
فَصارَso there came to be لَهُfor him بعُقبَىconcerning the outcome of الأَمرِan affair خِبرَهexperience
فَصارَ لَهُ بعُقبَى الأَمرِ خِبرَه
He has known affairs, and they have taught him,
so he has gained experience of how affairs end.
وَماand not يُخفيhe hides غِناهُhis wealth عَنfrom صَديقٍa friend
وَما يُخفي غِناهُ عَن صَديقٍ
وَلَكِنbut ماwhat أَراهُhe showed him أَراهُshowed him فَقرَهhis poverty
وَلَكِن ما أَراهُ أَراهُ فَقرَه
He does not hide his wealth from a friend,
yet what he showed him showed him his poverty.
جَزاكَmay reward you اللَهُGod خَيراًwith good عَنon behalf of صَديقٍa friend
جَزاكَ اللَهُ خَيراً عَن صَديقٍ
بِتَخفيفِby easing الأَسىsorrow أَثقَلتَyou have burdened ظَهرَهhis back
بِتَخفيفِ الأَسى أَثقَلتَ ظَهرَه
May God reward you with good on behalf of a friend:
by lightening his sorrow, you have burdened his back.
عَرائِسُbrides يَجتَليهاunveils them وَجهُthe gaze of نَقديmy criticism
عَرائِسُ يَجتَليها وَجهُ نَقدي
فَتَنقُدُso you pay in coin مِنfrom صَفاءِthe purity of الوُدِّaffection مَهرَهits dowry
فَتَنقُدُ مِن صَفاءِ الوُدِّ مَهرَه
Brides unveiled by the gaze of my criticism,
so you pay their dowry from affection's purity.
لَئِنthough سَهُلَتthey came easily لَقَدindeed صَعُبَتthey proved difficult وَأَضحَتand became
لَئِن سَهُلَت لَقَد صَعُبَت وَأَضحَت
كَرَوضٍlike a garden دونَهُbefore it الطُرُقاتُthe roads وَعرَهare rugged
كَرَوضٍ دونَهُ الطُرُقاتُ وَعرَه
Though they came easily, they proved difficult, and became
like a garden approached by rugged paths.
فَلاso do not تَعتَدَّcount كُلَّall النَظمِversification شِعراًas poetry
فَلا تَعتَدَّ كُلَّ النَظمِ شِعراً
فَتَحسَبَand so suppose كُلَّevery سَوداblack thing مِنهُin it تَمرَهa date
فَتَحسَبَ كُلَّ سَودا مِنهُ تَمرَه
Do not count all versification as poetry,
and suppose every black thing in it a date.
تَعِلَّةُa solace for حاضِرٍone staying home وَنَشيدُand a chant for سَفرٍtravelers
تَعِلَّةُ حاضِرٍ وَنَشيدُ سَفرٍ
وَمَرشَفُand a sip for ناهِلٍa thirsty drinker وَأَنيسُand a companion in قَفرَهa wilderness
وَمَرشَفُ ناهِلٍ وَأَنيسُ قَفرَه
A solace for one at home, a chant for travelers,
a sip for a thirsty drinker, a companion in the wilderness.
تُخَفِّضُeases فَترَةَthe weariness of الأَفكارِthoughts عَنّيfor me
تُخَفِّضُ فَترَةَ الأَفكارِ عَنّي
وَكَمand how often دَبَّتcrept لَهاover them بِالسُكرِwith intoxication فَترَهlanguor
وَكَم دَبَّت لَها بِالسُكرِ فَترَه
They relieve me of the weariness of thought,
and how often drunken languor crept over those thoughts!
فَخُذهاso take it بِنتَthe daughter of لَيلَتِهاits night اِرتِجالاًimprovised
فَخُذها بِنتَ لَيلَتِها اِرتِجالاً
وَلَكِنbut أَصبَحَتit became شَمطاءَgray-haired سُحرَهbefore dawn
وَلَكِن أَصبَحَت شَمطاءَ سُحرَه
Take it, the daughter of its night, improvised,
yet it became gray-haired before dawn.
لَئِنthough طالَتit grew long لَقَدindeed طابَتit pleased وَراقَتand charmed
لَئِن طالَت لَقَد طابَت وَراقَت
عَلىto نَظَرِthe gaze of الخواطِرِthoughts حُسنَa lovely نَظرَهsight
عَلى نَظَرِ الخواطِرِ حُسنَ نَظرَه
Though it is long, it is pleasing and charming,
a lovely sight to the gaze of the mind.
وَسارَتand it traveled أَوor غَدَتbecame لِلنَجمِfor the star نَجماًa star
وَسارَت أَو غَدَت لِلنَجمِ نَجماً
فَطَيَّرَهاso he sent it flying وَأَوقَعَand brought down ثَمَّthere نَسرَهhis eagle
فَطَيَّرَها وَأَوقَعَ ثَمَّ نَسرَه
It journeyed—or became a star for the star;
he sent it flying, and brought his eagle down there.
تُعَرِّفُنيit makes me known إِلَيهِto him وَلاand not أَراهُI see him
تُعَرِّفُني إِلَيهِ وَلا أَراهُ
وَتَعقِدُand binds ليfor me مِنَfrom الفُضَلاءِmen of merit أُسرَهa family
وَتَعقِدُ لي مِنَ الفُضَلاءِ أُسرَه
It makes me known to him, though I do not see him,
and binds a family of men of merit to me.
عَقائِلُnoble ladies سَنَّordained شَرعُthe law of الشِعرِpoetry أَنّيthat I am
عَقائِلُ سَنَّ شَرعُ الشِعرِ أَنّي
أبٌa father مَنwhoever شاءَwishes كُنتُI become بِهِنَّthrough them صِهرَهhis in-law
أبٌ مَن شاءَ كُنتُ بِهِنَّ صِهرَه
Noble daughters—the law of poetry ordained that I am
a father; to anyone who wishes, through them I am his in-law.
مَلَكتُI took command of قِيادَهاtheir reins بِيَمينِwith the right hand of فِكريmy thought
مَلَكتُ قِيادَها بِيَمينِ فِكري
وَقَدand indeed عُتِقَتthey were freed لِوَجهِfor the sake of المَجدِglory حُرَّهfree
وَقَد عُتِقَت لِوَجهِ المَجدِ حُرَّه
I took their reins in the right hand of my thought,
and they were set free for glory's sake.
أَطالَmay prolong اللَهُGod عُمرَكَyour life فيin سُعودٍgood fortunes
أَطالَ اللَهُ عُمرَكَ في سُعودٍ
تَجُرُّtrailing ذُيولَهاtheir skirts فَوقَabove المَجَرَّهthe Milky Way
تَجُرُّ ذُيولَها فَوقَ المَجَرَّه
May God prolong your life amid good fortunes
that trail their skirts above the Milky Way.
Partial English translation: 152 of 190 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1