لِأَخيfor the companion of الحُبِّlove عَبرَةٌa tear ماnever تَجِفُّdries
لِأَخي الحُبِّ عَبرَةٌ ما تَجِفُّ
وَغَرامٌand a passion يُدويsickens الحَشاthe heart وَيَشُفُّand consumes
وَغَرامٌ يُدوي الحَشا وَيَشُفُّ
Love's companion has a tear that never dries,
and a passion that sickens the heart and wastes it away.
وَطَليحٍand many a weary man مِنَfrom الوَداعِfarewell تُعَنّيtorments
وَطَليحٍ مِنَ الوَداعِ تُعَنّي
هِhim نَوىًfar separation غَربَةٌexile وَوَجناءُand a broad-cheeked she-camel حَرفُlean
هِ نَوىً غَربَةٌ وَوَجناءُ حَرفُ
And many a man worn out by farewell is tormented
by exile's distance and a lean, broad-cheeked she-camel.
وَأَناةٌand delay عَنconcerning كُلِّevery شَيءٍthing سِوىexcept البَيthe parting (first part)
وَأَناةٌ عَن كُلِّ شَيءٍ سِوى البَي
نِ(completes 'parting') وَإِلّاand if not بَينٌparting فَصَدٌّthen rejection وَصَدفُand aversion
نِ وَإِلّا بَينٌ فَصَدٌّ وَصَدفُ
And delay in everything except
parting—or, failing parting, rejection and aversion.
أُعطيتَyou were granted بَسطَةًpreeminence عَلىover الناسِmankind حَتّىso that
أُعطيتَ بَسطَةً عَلى الناسِ حَتّى
هِيَit صِنفٌone kind وَالناسُand mankind فيin الحُسنِbeauty صِنفُanother kind
هِيَ صِنفٌ وَالناسُ في الحُسنِ صِنفُ
You were granted such distinction above mankind that
your beauty is one kind, and mankind's another.
اِعتِدالٌa balanced form يُميلُbends مِنهُof it اِنخِناثٌsoft languor
اِعتِدالٌ يُميلُ مِنهُ اِنخِناثٌ
وَتَثَنٍّand a supple sway فيهِin which الفَخامَةُstateliness لُطفُdelicacy
وَتَثَنٍّ فيهِ الفَخامَةُ لُطفُ
A balanced form softened by a languid sway,
and a supple motion whose stateliness is delicate grace.
نَعمَةَthe suppleness of الغُصنِthe bough إِنif تَأَوَّدَbends عِطفٌa side
نَعمَةَ الغُصنِ إِن تَأَوَّدَ عِطفٌ
مِنهُof it عَنfrom هِزَّةٍa shake تَماسَكَholds firm عِطفُanother side
مِنهُ عَن هِزَّةٍ تَماسَكَ عِطفُ
The suppleness of a bough: if one side bends,
at a shake, another side of it holds firm.
مُسكِريmy intoxicant إِنif سُقيتُI am given to drink مِنهُof it بِعَينيwith my eyes
مُسكِري إِن سُقيتُ مِنهُ بِعَيني
أُرجُوانٌcrimson مِنfrom خَمرِthe wine of خَدَّيهِhis two cheeks صِرفُpure
أُرجُوانٌ مِن خَمرِ خَدَّيهِ صِرفُ
My intoxicant, if I drink it with my eyes,
is pure crimson from the wine of his cheeks.
أَيyes وَسَعيِby the striving of الحَجيجِthe pilgrims حينَwhen سَعَواthey strove شُعdisheveled (first part)
أَي وَسَعيِ الحَجيجِ حينَ سَعَوا شُع
ثاً(completes 'disheveled') وَصَفَّand by the ranks of الحَجيجِthe pilgrims ساعَةَat the time صَفّواthey stood arrayed
ثاً وَصَفَّ الحَجيجِ ساعَةَ صَفّوا
Yes, by the pilgrims' striving as they strove,
disheveled, and by the pilgrims' ranks when they stood arrayed:
لَنnever will يَنالَgain المَشيبُgray hair حُظوَةَthe favor of وُدٍّlove
لَن يَنالَ المَشيبُ حُظوَةَ وُدٍّ
حَيثُwhere يَسجوgrows still لَحظٌa glance وَيَحوَرُّand becomes dark against white طَرفُan eye
حَيثُ يَسجو لَحظٌ وَيَحوَرُّ طَرفُ
Gray hair will never win love's favor
where glances grow languid and eyes are dark against white.
وَغَريبٌand a stranger فيto الحُبِّlove مَنone who لَمhas not يُصاحِبkept company with
وَغَريبٌ في الحُبِّ مَن لَم يُصاحِب
وَرَقاًfoliage مِنfrom جَنىthe harvest of الشَبابِyouth يَرِفُّflutters
وَرَقاً مِن جَنى الشَبابِ يَرِفُّ
And a stranger to love is one unaccompanied
by fluttering foliage from youth's harvest.
ناكَرَتهُshe disowned it الحَسناءُthe beauty أَبيَضَwhite بَضّاًtender
ناكَرَتهُ الحَسناءُ أَبيَضَ بَضّاً
وَهَواهاand her desire لَوif كانَit were أَسوَدُblack وَحفُluxuriant
وَهَواها لَو كانَ أَسوَدُ وَحفُ
The beauty disowned it, white and tender,
though, were it black and luxuriant, it would be her desire.
يَهضِمُdisparages الشَيبَgray hair أَوor يُرىis seen النَقصُdeficiency فيهِin it
يَهضِمُ الشَيبَ أَو يُرى النَقصُ فيهِ
أَسَفٌsorrow يَتبَعُfollows الشَبابَyouth وَلَهفُand regret
أَسَفٌ يَتبَعُ الشَبابَ وَلَهفُ
What wrongs gray hair, or makes it seem deficient,
is sorrow and regret that follow youth.
ثَقُلَتhas grown heavy وَطأَةُthe tread of الزَمانِtime عَلىupon جاthe side (first part)
ثَقُلَت وَطأَةُ الزَمانِ عَلى جا
نِبِ(completes 'side') وَفريmy wealth وَأَقسَمَتand it swore لاتَخِفُّit will not lighten
نِبِ وَفري وَأَقسَمَت لاتَخِفُّ
Time's tread has grown heavy on the flank
of my wealth, and sworn never to lighten.
وَإِذاand when راقَتِappear pleasing المَطالِبُthe prizes حُسناًin beauty
وَإِذا راقَتِ المَطالِبُ حُسناً
فَسِوايَthen someone other than me الدانيthe one drawing near إِلَيهاto them المُسِفُّswooping low
فَسِوايَ الداني إِلَيها المُسِفُّ
And when the prizes appear fair,
another, not I, draws near and swoops low over them.
وَإِزائيand before me مَطالِبٌprizes لَوif only تُواتيwould yield to
وَإِزائي مَطالِبٌ لَو تُواتي
نِيَme نَفسٌa soul عَنfrom مِثلِهِنَّtheir like تَعِفُّabstains
نِيَ نَفسٌ عَن مِثلِهِنَّ تَعِفُّ
Before me lie prizes—if only it would yield
to me, this soul that abstains from their like.
وَمَتىand whenever اِرتَدتَyou seek أَينَwhere تَجعَلُyou place رِقّاًservitude
وَمَتى اِرتَدتَ أَينَ تَجعَلُ رِقّاً
فَليَنَلthen let ... gain رِقَّكَyour servitude الأَشَفُّthe most eminent الأَشَفُّthe most eminent
فَليَنَل رِقَّكَ الأَشَفُّ الأَشَفُّ
And when you seek where to place your servitude,
let the most eminent, the most eminent, win your service.
لِبَنيfor the sons of مَخلَدٍMakhlad عَلىupon كُلِّevery حَيٍّliving being
لِبَني مَخلَدٍ عَلى كُلِّ حَيٍّ
أَثَرٌa trace مِنof عَطائِهِمtheir bounty لَيسَdoes not يَعفوfade
أَثَرٌ مِن عَطائِهِم لَيسَ يَعفو
The sons of Makhlad have left on every living soul
a trace of their bounty that never fades.
مَجدُهُمtheir glory فَوقَabove مَجدِthe glory of مَنone who يَتَعاطىlays claim to
مَجدُهُم فَوقَ مَجدِ مَن يَتَعاطى
مَجدَهُمtheir glory وَالسَماءُand the sky لِلأَرضِfor the earth سَقفُa roof
مَجدَهُم وَالسَماءُ لِلأَرضِ سَقفُ
Their glory stands above the glory of anyone claiming
their glory; the sky is a roof over the earth.
دِيَمٌsteady rains مِنfrom سَحابِclouds of جودٍgenerosity إِذاwhen إِسis drained (first part)
دِيَمٌ مِن سَحابِ جودٍ إِذا إِس
تُفرِغَ(completes 'is drained') خِلفٌa teat مِنهاof them تَدَفَّقَgushes خِلفُanother teat
تُفرِغَ خِلفٌ مِنها تَدَفَّقَ خِلفُ
Steady rains from clouds of bounty: whenever
one of their teats is drained, another streams forth.
أَعِيالٌare they dependents? لَهُمof theirs بَنوthe children of الأَرضِthe earth أَمor ماwhat
أَعِيالٌ لَهُم بَنو الأَرضِ أَم ما
لَهُمbelongs to them راتِبٌpermanent عَلىfor الناسِmankind وَقفُan endowment
لَهُم راتِبٌ عَلى الناسِ وَقفُ
Are earth's children their dependents, or is what
they possess a permanent endowment for mankind?
مُتَناسونَdeliberately forgetful لِلذُنوبِof offenses إِذاwhen اِستُسis deemed excessive (first part)
مُتَناسونَ لِلذُنوبِ إِذا اِستُس
رِفَ(completes 'is deemed excessive') تَفريطُthe negligence of مَنone who يَزِلُّslips وَيَهفوand errs
رِفَ تَفريطُ مَن يَزِلُّ وَيَهفو
They choose to forget offenses when
the negligence of one who slips and errs is judged excessive.
إِنَّماonly فُوِّضَwas entrusted التَخَيُّرُdiscretion فيin الحُكjudgment (first part)
إِنَّما فُوِّضَ التَخَيُّرُ في الحُك
مِ(completes 'judgment') إِلَيهِمto them لِيَصفَحواso they may pardon أَوor لِيَعفواso they may forgive
مِ إِلَيهِم لِيَصفَحوا أَو لِيَعفوا
Discretion in judgment has been entrusted
to them only so that they may pardon or forgive.
كَمhow many a سَرِيٍّnobleman تَقَيَّلَemulated السَروَnobility عَنهُمfrom them
كَم سَرِيٍّ تَقَيَّلَ السَروَ عَنهُم
وَاِشتِباهُand similarity of الأَخلاقِcharacter عَدوىcontagion وَإِلفِand familiarity
وَاِشتِباهُ الأَخلاقِ عَدوى وَإِلفِ
How many a nobleman has modeled his nobility on theirs!
And likeness of character comes through contagion and familiarity.
كَأَبيlike Abu الفَضلِal-Fadl حينَwhen يَتَّسِعُspreads الإِفbounty (first part)
كَأَبي الفَضلِ حينَ يَتَّسِعُ الإِف
ضالُ(completes 'bounty') مِنهُfrom him فيamong الطالِبينَthe petitioners وَيَضفوand overflows
ضالُ مِنهُ في الطالِبينَ وَيَضفو
Like Abu al-Fadl, when bounty spreads
from him among petitioners and overflows.
سَبِطٌslender and supple مِثلُlike عامِلِthe upper shaft of الرُمحِthe spear طالَtowered over الthe
سَبِطٌ مِثلُ عامِلِ الرُمحِ طالَ ال
قَومَpeople لَمّاwhen اِلتَفّواthey gathered عَلَيهِaround him وَحَفّواand surrounded him
قَومَ لَمّا اِلتَفّوا عَلَيهِ وَحَفّوا
Slender as a spear's upper shaft, he towered over
the company when they gathered around him and encircled him.
لِأَبٍof a father مُنجِبٍbegetting fine sons يُجاذِبُهُvies with him العِتnoble breeding (first part)
لِأَبٍ مُنجِبٍ يُجاذِبُهُ العِت
قُ(completes 'noble breeding') وَفيand among السَائِماتِgrazing beasts عَيرٌan ass وَطِرفُand a thoroughbred
قُ وَفي السَائِماتِ عَيرٌ وَطِرفُ
Son of a sire who breeds nobly, with whom
pure breeding vies; among grazing beasts are ass and thoroughbred.
رَغبَةٌa delight لِلعُيونِto the eyes إِمّاwhenever تَبدّىhe appears
رَغبَةٌ لِلعُيونِ إِمّا تَبدّى
طافَwafted عَرفٌa fragrance مِنهُfrom him وَأَجزَلَand grew abundant عُرفُbounty
طافَ عَرفٌ مِنهُ وَأَجزَلَ عُرفُ
A delight to the eyes, whenever he appears,
his fragrance wafts abroad, and his bounty abounds.
شيمَةٌa disposition حُرَّةٌnoble وَظاهِرُand an outward show of بِشرٍgood cheer
شيمَةٌ حُرَّةٌ وَظاهِرُ بِشرٍ
راحَcame to مِنfrom خَلفِهِbehind it السَماحُgenerosity يَشِفُّshines through
راحَ مِن خَلفِهِ السَماحُ يَشِفُّ
A noble nature, and an outward cheerfulness
from behind which generosity shines through.
وَأَشَّقُّand the hardest of الأَفعالِdeeds أَنthat تَهَبَgive الأَنthe souls (first part)
وَأَشَّقُّ الأَفعالِ أَن تَهَبَ الأَن
فُسُ(completes 'souls') ماwhat أُغلِقَتclosed عَلَيهِaround it الأَكُفُّthe hands
فُسُ ما أُغلِقَت عَلَيهِ الأَكُفُّ
And the hardest deed is for souls to give
what hands have closed upon.
ياO أَباAbu الفَضلِal-Fadl حَمَّلَتكَhave burdened you with المَعاليlofty virtues
يا أَبا الفَضلِ حَمَّلَتكَ المَعالي
عِبئَهاtheir burden وَالبَخيلُwhile the miser مِنهُof it مُخِفُّlightly burdened
عِبئَها وَالبَخيلُ مِنهُ مُخِفُّ
O Abu al-Fadl, lofty virtues have laid upon you
their burden, of which the miser bears little.
جَمَعَتناhave united us عَلىin طَوِيَّةٍan inward feeling of وُدٍّaffection
جَمَعَتنا عَلى طَوِيَّةٍ وُدٍّ
رَحِمٌkinship بَينَناbetween us تَحِنُّyearns وَحِلفُand a covenant
رَحِمٌ بَينَنا تَحِنُّ وَحِلفُ
We have been brought together in heartfelt affection
by yearning kinship between us, and a covenant.
شَهِدَbore witness الخَرجُthe revenue إِذwhen تَوَلَّيتَهُyou took charge of it أَنَّthat
شَهِدَ الخَرجُ إِذ تَوَلَّيتَهُ أَنَّ
كَyou فيin جَمعِهِcollecting it الأَمينُthe trustworthy one الأَعَفُّthe most scrupulous
كَ في جَمعِهِ الأَمينُ الأَعَفُّ
The revenue testified, when you took charge of it, that
you were trustworthy and most scrupulous in collecting it.
حَيثُwhere لاعِندَnot with مُجتَبىًone levied upon مِنهُfrom him إِلطاwithholding (first part)
حَيثُ لاعِندَ مُجتَبىً مِنهُ إِلطا
طٌ(completes 'withholding') وَلاnor فيin سِياقِthe demands of جابيهِits collector عُنفُviolence
طٌ وَلا في سِياقِ جابيهِ عُنفُ
Where there was no withholding by the taxpayer,
nor violence in its collector's demands.
سيرَةُthe course of القَصدِmoderation لاnot الخُشونَةُsternness عُنفٌviolence
سيرَةُ القَصدِ لا الخُشونَةُ عُنفٌ
يَتَعَدّىoversteps المَدىthe bounds وَلاnor اللينُgentleness ضَعفُweakness
يَتَعَدّى المَدى وَلا اللينُ ضَعفُ
A course of moderation: sternness is no violence
that oversteps the bounds, nor is gentleness weakness.
وَكِلاand both of حالَتَيكَyour two dispositions يَستَصلِحُset right الناthe people (first part)
وَكِلا حالَتَيكَ يَستَصلِحُ النا
سَ(completes 'people') إِباءٌfirm refusal مِنfrom جانِبَيكَyour two sides وَعَطفُand compassion
سَ إِباءٌ مِن جانِبَيكَ وَعَطفُ
Both your dispositions put the people right:
from your two sides come firmness and compassion.
لَنnever will يُوَلّىbe appointed over تِلكَthose الطَساسيجَdistricts إِلّاexcept
لَن يُوَلّى تِلكَ الطَساسيجَ إِلّا
خَلَفٌa successor مِنَكto you آخِرَtill the end of الدَهرِtime خَلفُan unworthy successor
خَلَفٌ مِنَك آخِرَ الدَهرِ خَلفُ
No one shall be appointed to those districts except
a successor to you—forever an unworthy successor.
إِنif تَشَكَّتcomplains رَعِيَّةٌsubjects سوءَharshness of قَبضٍcollection
إِن تَشَكَّت رَعِيَّةٌ سوءَ قَبضٍ
بِكَunder you أَوor عَقَبَfollows الوِلايَةَoffice صَرفُdismissal
بِكَ أَو عَقَبَ الوِلايَةَ صَرفُ
If subjects complain of harsh collection
under you, or dismissal follows office,
فَقَديماًfor long since تَداوَلَhave alternated العُسرُhardship وَاليُسand ease (first part)
فَقَديماً تَداوَلَ العُسرُ وَاليُس
رُ(completes 'ease') وَكُلٌّand all قَذىًa mote عَلىupon الريحِthe wind يَطفوfloats
رُ وَكُلٌّ قَذىً عَلى الريحِ يَطفو
for hardship and ease have long taken turns,
and all is a mote afloat upon the wind.
يَفسُدُgoes wrong الأَمرُthe affair ثُمَّthen يَصلُحُcomes right مِنafter قُرa short while (first part)
يَفسُدُ الأَمرُ ثُمَّ يَصلُحُ مِن قُر
بٍ(completes 'a short while') وَلِلماءِand water has كَدرَةٌmuddiness ثُمَّthen يَصفوbecomes clear
بٍ وَلِلماءِ كَدرَةٌ ثُمَّ يَصفو
Things go wrong, then soon come right;
water has its muddiness, then becomes clear.
ماnever مَشىwalked فيinto هَنِئٍthe pleasantness of طَولِكَyour bounty تَطويdelay (first part)
ما مَشى في هَنِئٍ طَولِكَ تَطوي
لٌ(completes 'delay') وَلاnor دَبَّcrept فيinto عِداتِكَyour promises خُلفُbroken faith
لٌ وَلا دَبَّ في عِداتِكَ خُلفُ
No delay ever made its way into your welcome bounty,
nor did broken faith creep into your promises,
غَيرَexcept أُكرومَةٍa kindness سَبَقتَyou hastened إِلَيهاto it
غَيرَ أُكرومَةٍ سَبَقتَ إِلَيها
صَحَّwas sound نِصفٌhalf مِنهاof it وَأُخدِجَand was born incomplete نِصفُhalf
صَحَّ نِصفٌ مِنها وَأُخدِجَ نِصفُ
except one kindness to which you hastened:
half of it was sound, and half was born incomplete.
أَلِوَهمٍwas it through an oversight? أَمor كُلُّevery أَلفَينِtwo thousand ماso long as لَمnot
أَلِوَهمٍ أَم كُلُّ أَلفَينِ ما لَم
يُؤخَذاboth are received عِندَat مُبتَداthe beginning of الوَعدِthe promise أَلفُone thousand
يُؤخَذا عِندَ مُبتَدا الوَعدِ أَلفُ
Was it an oversight, or does every two thousand, unless
received when first promised, count as one thousand?
وَفَتىand the true man among الناسِpeople مَنone who إِذاwhen قالَhe speaks وافىmatches
وَفَتى الناسِ مَن إِذا قالَ وافى
فِلُهُhis deed (apparently intended) وَهوَand it لِلَّذيof what قالَhe said ضِعفُtwice as much
فِلُهُ وَهوَ لِلَّذي قالَ ضِعفُ
And the true man is he whose words are fulfilled
by his deed, twice the measure of what he said.
Sol 6.1