أَلاAh! طَرَقَتناshe visited us by night بِالقَرينَينِat al-Qarinayn مَوهِناًlate at night
أَلا طَرَقَتنا بِالقَرينَينِ مَوهِناً
وَقَدand already حَلَّhad settled فيin عَينَيَّmy eyes مِنfrom سِنَتيmy drowsiness غَمضيmy closing of the eyes
وَقَد حَلَّ في عَينَيَّ مِن سِنَتي غَمضي
Ah, she visited us at al-Qarinayn late at night,
when drowsiness had already settled my eyes shut—
سُلَيمىSulayma فَشاقَتنيso she stirred my longing وَهاجَتand roused صَبابَتيmy passionate longing
سُلَيمى فَشاقَتني وَهاجَت صَبابَتي
بِطَرفٍwith a gaze لَهاof hers ساجٍlanguid وَذيand one possessing أُشُرٍtooth serrations بَضِّfresh and tender
بِطَرفٍ لَها ساجٍ وَذي أُشُرٍ بَضِّ
Sulayma: she stirred my longing and roused my passion,
with her languid gaze and tender mouth of finely notched teeth.
كَأَنَّas though عَلىupon أَنيابِهاher canine teeth بَعدَafter هَجعَةٍa spell of sleep
كَأَنَّ عَلى أَنيابِها بَعدَ هَجعَةٍ
صُبابَةَthe last drops ماءِwater الثَلجِsnow بِالعَسَلِwith honey الغَضِّfresh
صُبابَةَ ماءِ الثَلجِ بِالعَسَلِ الغَضِّ
As though upon her canine teeth, after a spell of sleep,
lay the last drops of snow-water mixed with fresh honey.
فَلَمّاthen when عَرَثناwe dallied يَنفَحُwafts المِسكَmusk جَيبُهاher neckline
فَلَمّا عَرَثنا يَنفَحُ المِسكَ جَيبُها
إِذاwhenever نَهَضَتshe rose كادَتshe almost تَميلُswayed مِنَfrom النَهضِfullness of flesh
إِذا نَهَضَت كادَت تَميلُ مِنَ النَهضِ
Then, as we dallied, her neckline breathed musk;
whenever she rose, she almost swayed beneath her body's fullness.
عَرَضتُI proposed عَلَيهاto her أَنthat تُجِدَّshe renew وِصالَناour union
عَرَضتُ عَلَيها أَن تُجِدَّ وِصالَنا
وَأَنand that تَبذُلَshe grant المَعروفَkindness لَوif only قَبِلَتshe accepted عَرضيmy proposal
وَأَن تَبذُلَ المَعروفَ لَو قَبِلَت عَرضي
I proposed that she renew our union
and grant her kindness—if only she would accept my proposal.
وَقُلتُand I said لَهاto her كَيفَhow; why اِدِّكاريmy remembering غَريرَةًa guileless girl
وَقُلتُ لَها كَيفَ اِدِّكاري غَريرَةً
مُبَتَّلَةًwell-proportioned هَيفاءَslender-waisted لَمnot تَقضِنيshe repaid me قَرضيmy loan
مُبَتَّلَةً هَيفاءَ لَم تَقضِني قَرضي
And I said to her, 'Why do I keep recalling a guileless girl,
shapely and slender-waisted, who has not repaid my loan?
لَهاshe has عَمَلٌa practice لَمnot تَجنِshe commits فيهِin it خَطيئَةًa sin
لَها عَمَلٌ لَم تَجنِ فيهِ خَطيئَةً
تَقاضىshe collects بِهِby it أَديانَهاher outstanding dues ثُمَّthen لاdoes not تَقضيrepay
تَقاضى بِهِ أَديانَها ثُمَّ لا تَقضي
She has a practice in which she commits no sin:
she collects her dues by it, then pays nothing back.'
فَلَمّاthen when دَناdrew near مِنهاfrom her بَتاتٌfinal separation وَأَصبَحَتand she became
فَلَمّا دَنا مِنها بَتاتٌ وَأَصبَحَت
بَعيداًfar away وَلَمand did not تَحلُلshe dwell سَمائيmy sky وَلاnor أَرضيmy earth
بَعيداً وَلَم تَحلُل سَمائي وَلا أَرضي
Then, when final separation from her drew near and she became
far away, dwelling neither beneath my sky nor upon my earth,
فَقُلتُso I said لِمَنto whoever يَنهىforbids عَنِfrom الوُدِّlove أَهلَهُits people
فَقُلتُ لِمَن يَنهى عَنِ الوُدِّ أَهلَهُ
أَعاذِلَO reproaching woman أَفشيproclaim كُلَّall لَومِكِyour blame أَوor غُضّيhold back
أَعاذِلَ أَفشي كُلَّ لَومِكِ أَو غُضّي
I said to one who would keep lovers from love:
'O reproaching woman, voice all your blame, or hold back.'
إِذاif أَناI لَمdo not أَنفَعbenefit صَديقيmy friend بِوُدِّهِthrough his affection
إِذا أَنا لَم أَنفَع صَديقي بِوُدِّهِ
فَإِنَّthen indeed عَدُوّيmy enemy لَمdid not يَضُرَّهُمُharm them بُغضيmy hatred
فَإِنَّ عَدُوّي لَم يَضُرَّهُمُ بُغضي
If I do not benefit my friend through his affection,
then my hatred has done my enemies no harm.
أَلِينُI am gentle لِمَنwith whoever صادَقتُI befriend مِنfrom حُسنِthe goodness شيمَتيof my nature
أَلِينُ لِمَن صادَقتُ مِن حُسنِ شيمَتي
وَأَكحَلُand I line the eyes of مِنwhoever عاديتُI oppose بِالكُحُلِwith kohl المَضstinging
وَأَكحَلُ مِن عاديتُ بِالكُحُلِ المَض
I am gentle with those I befriend, from the goodness of my nature,
and line the eyes of those I oppose with stinging kohl.
وَلَيسَand not ذَووthose possessing الأَضغانِgrudges فيin كُلِّevery كُربَةٍcrisis
وَلَيسَ ذَوو الأَضغانِ في كُلِّ كُربَةٍ
يَطيعونَobey إِبراميmy binding الأُمورَaffairs وَلاnor نَقضيmy unbinding
يَطيعونَ إِبرامي الأُمورَ وَلا نَقضي
Nor do those harboring grudges, in any crisis,
heed my binding of affairs or my unbinding.
وَإِنّيand I indeed لَصَبّارٌam truly steadfast إِذاwhen خُشِيَis feared الرَدىdeath
وَإِنّي لَصَبّارٌ إِذا خُشِيَ الرَدى
وَلَمand not يَبقَremains إِلّاexcept كُلُّevery ذيone possessing حَسَبٍancestral honor مَحضِunsullied
وَلَم يَبقَ إِلّا كُلُّ ذي حَسَبٍ مَحضِ
Indeed, I stand firm when death is feared,
and none remain except men of unsullied ancestral honor.
وَأَضرِبُand I strike رَأسَthe head الكَبشِthe champion بِالسَيفِwith the sword بِالوَغىin battle
وَأَضرِبُ رَأسَ الكَبشِ بِالسَيفِ بِالوَغى
إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle اِعتَصَواthey seek protection بِالبِيضِin white swords بَعدَafter قَناًspears رُفضِscattered
إِذا ما اِعتَصَوا بِالبِيضِ بَعدَ قَناً رُفضِ
I strike the champion's head with my sword in battle,
when they cling to white blades after their spears lie scattered.
وَأَكشِفُand I lift عَنfrom صَحبيmy companions غَماthe pall الخَوفِof fear وَالرَدىand death
وَأَكشِفُ عَن صَحبي غَما الخَوفِ وَالرَدى
إِذاwhen نُدِبَتis summoned خَيلُthe cavalry الطَليعَةِof the vanguard لِلنَفضِto reconnoiter
إِذا نُدِبَت خَيلُ الطَليعَةِ لِلنَفضِ
I lift from my companions the pall of fear and death,
when the vanguard's cavalry is summoned to reconnoiter,
عَلىupon كُلِّevery مَوّارٍswift-moving steed بِرَجعِwith the repeated movement نُسورِهِof its hoof-frogs
عَلى كُلِّ مَوّارٍ بِرَجعِ نُسورِهِ
يَرُضُّcrushes الحَصىthe pebbles رَضّاًthoroughly جَميعاًall together مَعَalong with القَضِّsmall gravel
يَرُضُّ الحَصى رَضّاً جَميعاً مَعَ القَضِّ
on each swift-moving steed, its hoof-frogs sweeping back and forth,
crushing all the pebbles to powder, along with the gravel.
وَماand not عَزَّwas too dear for أَقواميmy people تِلاديmy inherited wealth وَطارِفيand my newly acquired wealth
وَما عَزَّ أَقوامي تِلادي وَطارِفي
مِنَof المالِwealth فيin حَقِّa rightful cause وَقَيتُI protected بِهِwith it عِرضيmy honor
مِنَ المالِ في حَقِّ وَقَيتُ بِهِ عِرضي
My people were never denied my inherited or newly acquired wealth,
for a rightful cause by which I guarded my honor.
وَأَقتُلُand I kill جَهلَthe folly المَرءِof a person بِالحِلمِwith forbearance وَالتُقىand piety
وَأَقتُلُ جَهلَ المَرءِ بِالحِلمِ وَالتُقى
وَإِنand if رامَhe seeks قَرضيto satirize me حالَstands in the way مِنfrom دونِهِbefore him قَرضيmy satire
وَإِن رامَ قَرضي حالَ مِن دونِهِ قَرضي
I kill a man's folly with forbearance and piety,
but if he seeks to satirize me, my satire bars his way.
وَأَشدَخُand I crush هاماتِthe skulls الأَعداءِof enemies بِوَطأَتيwith my tread
وَأَشدَخُ هاماتِ الأَعداءِ بِوَطأَتي
وَلَستُand I am not عَنِaway from الأَوتارِclaims for vengeance ماas long as عِشتُI live بِالمُفضيone who relinquishes
وَلَستُ عَنِ الأَوتارِ ما عِشتُ بِالمُفضي
I crush my enemies' skulls beneath my tread,
and never, while I live, relinquish claims for vengeance.
وَأَحلُمُand I show forbearance فيin شِعريmy poetry فَلاand so not أَنطِقُI utter الخَناobscenity
وَأَحلُمُ في شِعري فَلا أَنطِقُ الخَنا
وَيَدرَأُand it wards off عَنّيfrom me شِعرَthe poetry ذيof one possessing الحِرَّةِburning rancor العِضِّcunning
وَيَدرَأُ عَنّي شِعرَ ذي الحِرَّةِ العِضِّ
I show restraint in my poetry and utter no obscenity;
it wards from me the verse of a cunning, rancorous man.
مِنَamong الشِعرِpoetry سَمٌّpoison يَقتُلُkills المَرءُa person طُعمُهُits taste
مِنَ الشِعرِ سَمٌّ يَقتُلُ المَرءُ طُعمُهُ
كَماjust as تَقتُلُkill الصُمُّthe deaf ones الأَساوِدُblack serpents بِالعَضby biting
كَما تَقتُلُ الصُمُّ الأَساوِدُ بِالعَض
Some poetry is poison whose taste kills a man,
as deaf black serpents kill with their bite.
وَمِنهُand some of it غُثاءٌscum لاdoes not يُفارِقُleave أَهلَهُits people
وَمِنهُ غُثاءٌ لا يُفارِقُ أَهلَهُ
كَمِثلِlike الحَرونِa balking horse لاdoes not يَكُرُّcharge وَلاnor يَمضيadvance
كَمِثلِ الحَرونِ لا يَكُرُّ وَلا يَمضي
And some is scum that never leaves its makers,
like a balking horse that neither charges nor advances.
وَيُعرَبُand speak correctly أَقوامٌsome people وَيَلحَنُand make grammatical errors مَعشَرٌa group
وَيُعرَبُ أَقوامٌ وَيَلحَنُ مَعشَرٌ
مِراراًrepeatedly وَبَعضُand some اللَحنِspeech errors أَكثَرُare greater مِنthan بَعضِothers
مِراراً وَبَعضُ اللَحنِ أَكثَرُ مِن بَعضِ
Some speak correctly, while another group makes errors,
repeatedly; some errors are greater than others.
يَزِلُّslips الفَتىa young man عَمّاin what يَقولُsays لِسانُهُhis tongue
يَزِلُّ الفَتى عَمّا يَقولُ لِسانُهُ
كَماjust as زَلَّslipped مَنsomeone who يَهويplunges عَنِfrom الزَلَقِslippery ground الدَحضِtreacherously slick
كَما زَلَّ مَن يَهوي عَنِ الزَلَقِ الدَحضِ
A young man may stumble in what his tongue says,
as one slips and plunges from slippery, treacherous ground.
وَتيهٍand a trackless waste مَرَوَراةvast and barren يَحارُis bewildered بِهاin it القَطاsandgrouse
وَتيهٍ مَرَوَراة يَحارُ بِها القَطا
إِلىtoward فَجِّa broad pass مَخشِيِّfeared for المَهالِكِits deadly places ذيpossessing غَمضِhidden hollows
إِلى فَجِّ مَخشِيِّ المَهالِكِ ذي غَمضِ
And a vast, barren wilderness where sandgrouse lose their way,
stretching to a pass of dreaded perils and hidden hollows—
كَأَنَّas though عَلىupon قيعانِهاits flatlands مِنfrom سَرابِهاits mirage
كَأَنَّ عَلى قيعانِها مِن سَرابِها
رِياطاًfine cloths نَقِيّاتِspotlessly clean المُتونِin their surfaces مِنَfrom الرَحضِwashing
رِياطاً نَقِيّاتِ المُتونِ مِنَ الرَحضِ
as though upon its flatlands, through its mirage,
lay fine cloths, their surfaces cleansed by washing;
وَكَأَنَّand as though عَلىupon أَعلامِهاits heights وَإِكامِهاand its hillocks
وَكَأَنَّ عَلى أَعلامِها وَإِكامِها
إِذاwhen ماemphatic particle اِرتَدَتit clothed itself بِالآلِin shimmering mirage أَردِيَّةَmantles المَحضِof pure milk
إِذا ما اِرتَدَت بِالآلِ أَردِيَّةَ المَحضِ
and as though upon its heights and hillocks,
when robed in shimmering mirage, lay mantles of pure milk—
تَجاوَزتُI crossed مِنهاof it كُلَّevery قُفٍّstony rise وَرَملَةٍand a sandy stretch
تَجاوَزتُ مِنها كُلَّ قُفٍّ وَرَملَةٍ
بِناجِيَةٍon a swift she-camel أَطويI fold up المَخارِمَthe mountain passes بِالرَكضِat a gallop
بِناجِيَةٍ أَطوي المَخارِمَ بِالرَكضِ
I crossed every stony rise and sandy stretch in it,
on a swift she-camel, folding up the passes at a gallop.
بَناهاbuilt her up مِنَfrom الأَحماءِprotected pastures أَكلاؤُهاher forage العُلاrich and lofty
بَناها مِنَ الأَحماءِ أَكلاؤُها العُلا
وَماand what قَدalready أَصابَتshe obtained فيin الشِتاءِwinter مِنَof العُضِّcrushed date-stone fodder
وَما قَد أَصابَت في الشِتاءِ مِنَ العُضِّ
Her rich forage in protected pastures had built her up,
and the crushed date-stone fodder she found in winter.
فَماbut not زالَceased سَيريmy traveling يَنتَقيdrawing out مُخَّthe marrow عَظمِهاof her bones
فَما زالَ سَيري يَنتَقي مُخَّ عَظمِها
وَأُعذِرُand I exhaust utterly مِنهاof her فيin السَنامِthe hump وَفيand in النَحضِthe flesh
وَأُعذِرُ مِنها في السَنامِ وَفي النَحضِ
But my journey kept drawing the marrow from her bones,
and I exhausted her utterly, in hump and flesh,
مِنَfrom الجَهدِexertion حَتّىuntil عادَbecame غَثّاًgaunt سَمينُهاher fat flesh
مِنَ الجَهدِ حَتّى عادَ غَثّاً سَمينُها
رَذِيَّةَa worn-out she-camel أَسفارٍfrom journeys أَضَرَّmore wasted مِنَthan النَقضِan exhausted camel
رَذِيَّةَ أَسفارٍ أَضَرَّ مِنَ النَقضِ
through toil, until her fat flesh turned lean,
a journey-wrecked beast, more wasted than a worn-out camel.
إِذاwhen أَحنَقَتshe grew gaunt أَدرَجتُI wound up فَضلَthe excess زِمامِهاof her rein
إِذا أَحنَقَت أَدرَجتُ فَضلَ زِمامِها
فَجالَthen circled عَلَيهاaround her الضَفرُthe plaited cord حَولاًas a replacement مِنَfor الغَرضِthe saddle-girth
فَجالَ عَلَيها الضَفرُ حَولاً مِنَ الغَرضِ
When she grew gaunt, I wound up the slack of her rein,
and the plaited cord circled her in place of a girth.
بِتِلكَwith that one الَّتيwhich أَقضيI fulfill هُموميmy concerns وَبِغيَتيand my desire
بِتِلكَ الَّتي أَقضي هُمومي وَبِغيَتي
إِذاwhen رَضِيَis content المَثلوجُthe dullard بِالطُعمِwith food وَالحَفضِand household goods
إِذا رَضِيَ المَثلوجُ بِالطُعمِ وَالحَفضِ
On her I settle my cares and attain my desire,
when the dullard is content with food and household goods.
Sol 6.1