خطرتْwafted past تحملُcarrying منfrom سَلْمىSalma سلاماa greeting
خطرتْ تحملُ من سَلْمى سلاما
فانثنىso he turned يشكرُthanking إنعامَthe kindness of النُّعامىthe south wind
فانثنى يشكرُ إنعامَ النُّعامى
She wafted past, bearing a greeting from Salma.
So he turned to thank the south wind's kindness—
مُغرمٌa lovesick man هاجتْstirred جواهُhis burning grief نَسْمةٌa breeze
مُغرمٌ هاجتْ جواهُ نَسْمةٌ
ياoh لهاfor it منof نسمةa breeze هاجتْaroused غراماpassion
يا لها من نسمة هاجتْ غراما
a lovesick man whose burning grief a breeze had stirred.
Oh, what a breeze, to have stirred such passion!
نفحةٌa waft أذكَتْkindled بقلبيin my heart لَفْحةًa scorching heat
نفحةٌ أذكَتْ بقلبي لَفْحةً
كلّماwhenever هبّتْit blew لهtoward it زادتْincreased ضِراماblazing
كلّما هبّتْ له زادتْ ضِراما
A waft that kindled a scorching heat in my heart;
whenever it blew toward it, it increased the blaze.
عاتبتْchided سلمىSalma سُميراًSumayr أَمor ترىdo you think
عاتبتْ سلمى سُميراً أَم ترى
غازلتْwooed بالرَّوضِin the garden أَنفاسthe breaths of الخُزامىlavender
غازلتْ بالرَّوضِ أَنفاس الخُزامى
Did Salma chide Sumayr, or do you think
she wooed the breaths of lavender in the garden?
ياoh لأَوطارِيfor my desires فقدfor indeed أَنشرهاrevived them
يا لأَوطارِي فقد أَنشرها
نشرهاits fragrance منfrom بعدِafter ماthat كانتْthey were رِماماdecayed remains
نشرها من بعدِ ما كانتْ رِماما
Ah, my desires! They have been brought back to life
by its fragrance, after they had crumbled to dust.
ذكّرتْrecalled ريحُwind الصّباthe east wind رَوْحَthe ease of الصِّباyouth
ذكّرتْ ريحُ الصّبا رَوْحَ الصِّبا
وزماناًand a time كنتُI was بلrather كانَit was غلاماa boy
وزماناً كنتُ بل كانَ غلاما
The east wind recalled the ease of youth,
and a time when I was—nay, time itself was—a boy;
ونديماًand a drinking companion ليَof mine لمnot أَندمْI regretted بهِwith him
ونديماً ليَ لم أَندمْ بهِ
ياoh رعاهُmay He protect him اللّهُGod منfrom بينِamong النُّدامىthe drinking companions
يا رعاهُ اللّهُ من بينِ النُّدامى
and a drinking companion of mine with whom I had no regrets.
Ah, may God watch over him among all drinking companions!
ألهمَinspired الدَّوحthe great trees التّثنِّيswaying بثّهُhis outpouring
ألهمَ الدَّوح التّثنِّي بثّهُ
شَجْوَهُhis sorrow بلrather علّمَtaught النّوْحَmourning الحَماماthe doves
شَجْوَهُ بل علّمَ النّوْحَ الحَماما
He inspired the great trees to sway by pouring out
his sorrow—nay, he taught the doves to mourn.
قالَhe said ماhow أَطيبَsweet أَيامَthe days of الصِّباyouth
قالَ ما أَطيبَ أَيامَ الصِّبا
قلتُI said ماhow أَطيبَهُsweet it was لوif only كانit had داماlasted
قلتُ ما أَطيبَهُ لو كان داما
He said, 'How sweet are the days of youth!'
I said, 'How sweet it was—if only it had lasted!'
كانwas وعداًa promise بالأَمانيof hopes مُزنُهُits raincloud
كان وعداً بالأَماني مُزنُهُ
كلّماwhenever استسقيتُهُI sought rain from it عادَit became جَهاماa rainless cloud
كلّما استسقيتُهُ عادَ جَهاما
Its raincloud promised the fulfillment of hopes;
whenever I sought rain from it, it proved rainless.
وهضيمُand a slender one الكَشْحِof waist فيin حبّيmy love لهfor him
وهضيمُ الكَشْحِ في حبّي له
لمnot يَزدْنيincreased for me كاشحيmy ill-wisher إلاَّexcept اهتضاماoppression
لم يَزدْني كاشحي إلاَّ اهتضاما
And a slender-waisted one—in my love for him,
my ill-wisher only heaped wrongs upon me.
كَرُمَgrew noble العاشقُthe lover منهthrough him مثلماjust as
كَرُمَ العاشقُ منه مثلما
لؤُمَgrew base العاذِلُthe reproacher فيهconcerning him حينَwhen لاماhe reproached
لؤُمَ العاذِلُ فيه حينَ لاما
The lover grew noble through him, just as
the censor grew base when he reproached me over him.
بقَوامٍwith a figure علّمَtaught الهزَّswaying القناthe spears
بقَوامٍ علّمَ الهزَّ القنا
ولحاظٍand glances تُودِعُput into السُّكرَintoxication المُداماaged wine
ولحاظٍ تُودِعُ السُّكرَ المُداما
With a figure that taught spears how to sway,
and glances that put intoxication into aged wine.
أَتراهُdo you see him إذْwhen تثنّىhe swayed ورناand gazed
أَتراهُ إذْ تثنّى ورنا
سمهريّاًa hard, straight lance أَمْor سلّhe drew حُساماa sword
سمهريّاً أَمْ سلّ حُساما
Do you take him, as he sways and gazes,
for a straight lance—or has he drawn a sword?
خدَّهُhis cheek يجرحُهُwounds it لحظُthe gaze of الورىhumankind
خدَّهُ يجرحُهُ لحظُ الورى
فلذاso for this reason عارِضُهُthe side of his face يلبسُwears لاماarmor
فلذا عارِضُهُ يلبسُ لاما
His cheek is wounded by people's glances;
so the side of his face wears armor.
ويُريكَand shows you الخطّthe facial down منهof his دائراًencircling
ويُريكَ الخطّ منه دائراً
هالةَthe halo of البدرِthe full moon إذاwhen حطَّhe removed اللِّثاماthe veil
هالةَ البدرِ إذا حطَّ اللِّثاما
And his encircling down reveals to you
the full moon's halo when he removes his veil.
وكثيبُand the dune of الرَّملِsand قدalready أَخجلَهُhe put it to shame
وكثيبُ الرَّملِ قد أَخجلَهُ
وقضيبُand the branch of البانِthe ban-tree رِدفاًin hips وقَواماand stature
وقضيبُ البانِ رِدفاً وقَواما
And the sand dune he has put to shame,
and the ban-tree's branch, with his hips and stature.
أَناI منهfrom him ومنand from العُذّالthe reproachers فيin
أَنا منه ومن العُذّال في
نَصَيبٍa share أَشكوI lament مَلالاًweariness وملاماand blame
نَصَيبٍ أَشكو مَلالاً وملاما
I have, from him and from the reproachers,
a share of weariness and blame to lament.
لمnot تكنwere تلكَthose وقperhaps 'when' [text defective] لاحَظْنَنيthey glanced at me
لم تكن تلكَ وق لاحَظْنَني
لحظاتٍglances إنّماonly كانتْthey were سهاماarrows
لحظاتٍ إنّما كانتْ سهاما
Those, [when] they glanced at me, were not
glances; they were only arrows.
تركتْthey left فيin غَمَراتٍoverwhelming throes مُهْجَتيmy soul
تركتْ في غَمَراتٍ مُهْجَتي
غمراتthroes ملكتseized منهاfrom it الزِّماماthe reins
غمرات ملكت منها الزِّماما
They left my soul in overwhelming throes,
throes that seized its reins.
مهجةٌa soul أَرخصَهاmade it cheap سَوْمُthe bargaining of الهوىlove
مهجةٌ أَرخصَها سَوْمُ الهوى
وتسامىand rises عزَّةًin pride منabove أَنْbeing تساماbid for
وتسامى عزَّةً من أَنْ تساما
A soul made cheap by love's bargaining,
yet rising in pride above being bid for.
ومقاميand my remaining بعدafter توديعهمُbidding them farewell
ومقامي بعد توديعهمُ
بالحِمىin the protected grounds ماnot خِلتُهُI thought it إلاَّexcept حِماماdeath
بالحِمى ما خِلتُهُ إلاَّ حِماما
And my remaining, after bidding them farewell,
in the protected grounds—I deemed it nothing but death.
عَدِمَlost الإصباحdaybreak ليليmy night بعدَكُمْafter your departure
عَدِمَ الإصباح ليلي بعدَكُمْ
أَسفِرواshow your faces ليto me مرّةًonce تجلُوdispels الظلاماthe darkness
أَسفِروا لي مرّةً تجلُو الظلاما
My night has had no dawn since you departed;
show me your faces once, to dispel the darkness.
بتُّI spent the night عنabout طيفكُمُyour dream-image مُتسخبِراًseeking news
بتُّ عن طيفكُمُ مُتسخبِراً
منout of غراميmy passion بكُمُfor you منwhoever كانhad ناماslept
من غرامي بكُمُ من كان ناما
I spent the night seeking news of your dream-image,
out of my passion for you, from anyone who had slept.
وغراميand my passion رُمْتُI tried أَنْto أَكتمهconceal it
وغرامي رُمْتُ أَنْ أَكتمه
فأَبىbut refused الدَّمعُthe tears لأَسراريfor my secrets اكتتاماconcealment
فأَبى الدَّمعُ لأَسراري اكتتاما
And my passion—I tried to conceal it,
but my tears refused to let my secrets stay hidden.
ولماذاand why ظمئِتْthirsted نحوَكُمُtoward you
ولماذا ظمئِتْ نحوَكُمُ
مقلةٌan eye إنسانُهاits pupil فيin الدَّمعِthe tears عاماswam
مقلةٌ إنسانُها في الدَّمعِ عاما
And why does it thirst for you—
an eye whose pupil has swum in tears?
ياO رفيقيَّmy two companions ارفقاbe gentle, you two بيwith me فالهوىfor love
يا رفيقيَّ ارفقا بي فالهوى
عُنْفُهُits violence يكفيis enough for المحِبَّthe lover المُستهاماthe love-distraught
عُنْفُهُ يكفي المحِبَّ المُستهاما
O my two companions, be gentle with me, for love—
its violence is enough for the distraught lover.
أَنجِدانيhelp me, you two فبنجدٍfor in Najd أَرَبيmy desire
أَنجِداني فبنجدٍ أَرَبي
حينwhile غيريsomeone other than me شامَespied بالغَوْرِin the Ghawr lowlands الشَّآماal-Sham
حين غيري شامَ بالغَوْرِ الشَّآما
Help me, you two, for my desire lies in Najd,
while another, in the Ghawr lowlands, espied al-Sham.
وانشُراand spread, you two عنديَbefore me أَخبارnews of الحمىthe protected grounds
وانشُرا عنديَ أَخبار الحمى
فبأَخبارِfor by news of الحمىthe protected grounds قلبيَmy heart هاماwas enraptured
فبأَخبارِ الحمى قلبيَ هاما
And spread before me news of the protected grounds,
for news of those grounds has enraptured my heart.
ناظريmy eye منbecause of دمعتيmy tear فيin شُغُلٍpreoccupation
ناظري من دمعتي في شُغُلٍ
فانظُرواso look عنّيَon my behalf هاتيكَthose الخِياماtents
فانظُروا عنّيَ هاتيكَ الخِياما
My eye is occupied with my tears;
so look upon those tents on my behalf.
سارَdeparted قلبيmy heart يومَthe day سارواthey departed وانْثَنَواand turned
سارَ قلبي يومَ ساروا وانْثَنَوا
نحوَtoward نجدٍNajd وأَقامواand they settled فأَقاماso it settled
نحوَ نجدٍ وأَقاموا فأَقاما
My heart departed the day they departed and turned
toward Najd; they settled, and so did it.
عَلِّلانيconsole me, you two بأَحاديثِهمُwith tales of them
عَلِّلاني بأَحاديثِهمُ
فأَحاديثُهُمfor tales of them تَشفيquench الأُواماburning thirst
فأَحاديثُهُم تَشفي الأُواما
Console me, you two, with tales of them,
for tales of them quench burning thirst.
هذهthese أَطلالُهمْtheir camp ruins تشكوcomplain of الظَّماthirst
هذه أَطلالُهمْ تشكو الظَّما
فدعاso let, you two الأَدمُعَthe tears تنهلُّpour down انسجاماin streams
فدعا الأَدمُعَ تنهلُّ انسجاما
These are their ruined camps, complaining of thirst;
so let the tears pour down in streams.
رِفقاًgently نستَسقِlet us seek rain جَدْوَىthe bounty of ظَفَرٍZafar
رِفقاً نستَسقِ جَدْوَى ظَفَرٍ
فهوfor he منthe one who بَخَّلَmade seem miserly بالجودِthrough generosity الغَماماthe rainclouds
فهو من بَخَّلَ بالجودِ الغَماما
Gently: let us seek rain from Zafar's bounty,
for his generosity makes the rainclouds seem miserly.
فهوfor he الغيثُthe rain إذاwhen بَثَّscattered اللُّهاgifts
فهو الغيثُ إذا بَثَّ اللُّها
وهوand he اللّيثُthe lion إذاwhen فَلَّrouted اللَّهاماthe mighty host
وهو اللّيثُ إذا فَلَّ اللَّهاما
For he is the rain when he scatters gifts,
and he is the lion when he routs the mighty host.
لمnot يزِدْhe increased أَعداءَهhis enemies يومَon the day of الوغىbattle
لم يزِدْ أَعداءَه يومَ الوغى
والقناand the spears إلاَّexcept انحطاطاًdownfall وانحِطاماand shattering
والقنا إلاَّ انحطاطاً وانحِطاما
He brought his foes on the day of battle—
and the spears—nothing but downfall and shattering.
إجتلَىbeheld منfrom مَشرِقthe rising-place of المجدِglory السّناthe radiance
إجتلَى من مَشرِق المجدِ السّنا
وامتطىand mounted منof بازلِa full-grown camel المُلكsovereignty السَّناماthe hump
وامتطى من بازلِ المُلك السَّناما
He beheld the radiance from glory's rising-place,
and mounted the hump of sovereignty's full-grown camel.
وأَضاءَتْand were illuminated بسَناby the radiance of سُنّتهِhis conduct
وأَضاءَتْ بسَنا سُنّتهِ
ظُلَمُthe darkness of الظُّلمِoppression لأَيامِfor the days of الأَيامىwidows
ظُلَمُ الظُّلمِ لأَيامِ الأَيامى
And the radiance of his conduct lit up
oppression's darkness in the widows' days.
أولدَتْmade bear offspring أَنعمُهُhis favors عُقْمَthe barren المُنىhopes
أولدَتْ أَنعمُهُ عُقْمَ المُنى
وشفىand cured منof يأسِناour despair الدّاءَthe disease العُقاماincurable
وشفى من يأسِنا الدّاءَ العُقاما
His favors made barren hopes bear offspring,
and cured the incurable disease of our despair.
كرمٌgenerosity يُحييgives life وبأْسٌand might مهلِكٌdestructive
كرمٌ يُحيي وبأْسٌ مهلِكٌ
وهماand the two of them ماnot صَحِباaccompanied إلاَّexcept هُماماa noble hero
وهما ما صَحِبا إلاَّ هُماما
Generosity that gives life, and might that destroys—
these two have accompanied none but a noble hero.
أَنتَyou عذْرُthe excuse of الدَّهرTime ياO واحدَهُits peerless one
أَنتَ عذْرُ الدَّهر يا واحدَهُ
ولقدand indeed أَعظمَcommitted grievously لولاهbut for it اجتراماa crime
ولقد أَعظمَ لولاه اجتراما
You are Time's excuse, O its peerless one;
indeed, but for that excuse, its crime would have been grievous.
ببنيهِwith its sons ملكاًa king أَوor سُوقةًcommon folk
ببنيهِ ملكاً أَو سُوقةً
ملأَfilled الأرضَthe earth طغاةًtyrants وطَغاماand rabble
ملأَ الأرضَ طغاةً وطَغاما
With its sons, whether kings or commoners,
it has filled the earth with tyrants and rabble.
ليسis not بدْعاًa novelty سَقَميmy sickness منfrom صحتيmy health
ليس بدْعاً سَقَمي من صحتي
فالقناfor the spears حُطِّمَwere shattered منfrom حيثُwhere استقاماthey stood straight
فالقنا حُطِّمَ من حيثُ استقاما
It is no marvel that my sickness comes from my health;
for spears are shattered by their very straightness.
وإذاand when المرءُa person تشكّىcomplained of خطّةًa plight
وإذا المرءُ تشكّى خطّةً
كانتbecame الصِحّةhealth للنفسِfor the soul سَقاماsickness
كانت الصِحّة للنفسِ سَقاما
And when a man complains of his lot,
health becomes a sickness to the soul.
صُغتُهاI fashioned it منظومةًas a poem فيin مدحِكُمْyour praise
صُغتُها منظومةً في مدحِكُمْ
فتلاهاso followed it الدُّرُّpearls فذّاًsingly وتُؤاماand in pairs
فتلاها الدُّرُّ فذّاً وتُؤاما
I fashioned it as a poem in your praise,
so pearls followed it, singly and in pairs.
جمعتْit joined لفظاًwording ومعنىًand meaning شائقاًcaptivating
جمعتْ لفظاً ومعنىً شائقاً
بَعُداboth reached far فيin الحُسنbeauty مرمىًin scope ومراماand aim
بَعُدا في الحُسن مرمىً ومراما
It joined captivating wording and meaning,
both far-reaching in beauty, in scope and aim.
هيَit راحٌwine كيفhow حلّتْbecame lawful عَجَباًwhat a wonder
هيَ راحٌ كيف حلّتْ عَجَباً
وهيand it سِحرٌmagic كيفhow ماnot كانتwas حراماforbidden
وهي سِحرٌ كيف ما كانت حراما
It is wine—how wondrous that it is lawful!
And it is magic—how is it not forbidden?
فاغتنمهاso seize it إنَّماonly أَوفىthe most faithful of الورىhumankind
فاغتنمها إنَّما أَوفى الورى
مَنْthe one who يَرىconsiders منfrom مثليَone like me الحمدpraise اغتناماa gain
مَنْ يَرى من مثليَ الحمد اغتناما
So seize it: the most faithful of mankind
is he who counts praise from one like me a gain.
Sol 6.1