رأيتI saw محمداًMuhammad شرهاgreedy ظلوماunjust
رأيت محمداً شرها ظلوما
وكنتand I had been أراهseeing him ذاpossessing ورعpiety وقصدand moderation
وكنت أراه ذا ورع وقصد
I found Muhammad greedy and unjust,
though I had thought him devout and moderate.
يقولhe says أماتنيhas killed me ربيmy Lord خداعاdeceitfully
يقول أماتني ربي خداعا
أماتmay He kill اللَهGod حسانHassan بنson of سعدSa'd
أمات اللَه حسان بن سعد
He says deceitfully, “My Lord has killed me.”
May God kill Hassan ibn Sa'd!
فلولاbut were it not for كسبهhis earnings لوجدتI would have found فسلاa worthless man
فلولا كسبه لوجدت فسلا
لئيمbase in الكسبearning شأنكyour way شأنthe way of عبدa slave
لئيم الكسب شأنك شأن عبد
But for his earnings, I would have found him worthless,
base in his gains—your way is the way of a slave.
نجوتI spoke privately with محمداًMuhammad ودخانand the smoke of فيهhis mouth
نجوت محمداً ودخان فيه
كريحlike the smell of الجعرdung فوقupon عطينputrid جلدhide
كريح الجعر فوق عطين جلد
I spoke privately with Muhammad, and the smoke of his mouth
was like the smell of dung upon a putrid hide.
ركبتI rode إليهto him فيon behalf of رجلa man أتانيwho came to me
ركبت إليه في رجل أتاني
كريمnoble يطلبseeking المعروفa favor عنديfrom me
كريم يطلب المعروف عندي
I rode to him on behalf of a man who had come to me,
a noble man seeking a favor from me.
فقلتso I said لهto him ولمand did not أعجلact hastily عليهtoward him
فقلت له ولم أعجل عليه
وذلكand that بعدafter تقريظيmy commendation وحمديand my praise
وذلك بعد تقريظي وحمدي
I spoke to him without being hasty with him,
and that was after my commendation and praise.
فقلتso I said لهto him وبعضand some القولspeech نصحis counsel
فقلت له وبعض القول نصح
ومنهand of it ماwhat أسرI confide لهto him وأبديand disclose
ومنه ما أسر له وأبدي
I said to him—and some speech is counsel,
including what I confide to him and say openly—
توقbeware دراهمthe dirhams of البكريthe Bakri man أنيfor I
توق دراهم البكري أني
أخافfear عليكfor you عاقبةthe consequences of التعديtransgression
أخاف عليك عاقبة التعدي
“Beware the Bakri man's dirhams, for I
fear for you the consequences of transgression.”
فأعرضso he turned away مكمحاhead held high عنيfrom me كأنيas though I
فأعرض مكمحا عني كأني
أكلمwere speaking to صخرةa rock فيat راسthe summit of صمدa stony height
أكلم صخرة في راس صمد
He turned away from me, head held high, as though I
were speaking to a rock atop a stony height.
أقربI draw closer كلevery آصرهbond ليدنوso he may approach
أقرب كل آصره ليدنو
فماbut not يزدادdoes he increase منيfrom me غيرexcept in بعدdistance
فما يزداد مني غير بعد
I draw every bond closer so that he might approach,
but he only grows more distant from me.
فأقسمso I swear غيرwithout مستثنmaking an exception يميناan oath
فأقسم غير مستثن يمينا
أباO father of بخرfoul breath لتتحمنyou shall surely face رديmy reply
أبا بخر لتتحمن ردي
I swear an oath, making no exception:
Father of Foul Breath, you shall surely face my reply!
فماfor not صادفتhave you met فيamong قحطانQahtan مثليmy like
فما صادفت في قحطان مثلي
ولاnor صادفتhave I met مثلكyour like فيamong معدMa'add
ولا صادفت مثلك في معد
You have met none like me among Qahtan,
nor have I met your like among Ma'add:
أقلless براعةaccomplishment وأشدand greater in بخلاmiserliness
أقل براعة وأشد بخلا
وألأمand more ignoble عندwhen faced with مسألةa request وحمدand praise
وألأم عند مسألة وحمد
less accomplished and more miserly,
and baser when petitioned or praised.
فلوso if كنتyou were المهذبthe well-bred man منof تميمTamim
فلو كنت المهذب من تميم
لخفتyou would fear ملامتيmy censure ورجوتand hope for حمديmy praise
لخفت ملامتي ورجوت حمدي
Were you a well-bred man of Tamim,
you would fear my censure and hope for my praise.
نجوتI spoke privately with محمداMuhammad فوجدتand found ريحاa stench
نجوت محمدا فوجدت ريحا
كريحlike the smell of الكلبa dog ماتthat died قريبrecent عهدin time
كريح الكلب مات قريب عهد
I spoke privately with Muhammad and found a stench
like that of a dog only recently dead.
وقدand indeed ألذعتنيhad seared me ثعبانa serpent of نتنstench
وقد ألذعتني ثعبان نتن
سيبلغit will reach انif سلمناwe survive أهلthe people of نجدNajd
سيبلغ ان سلمنا أهل نجد
A serpent of stench had seared me;
it will reach the people of Najd, if we survive.
وأدنىand he brought near خطمهhis snout فوددتso I wished أنيthat I
وأدنى خطمه فوددت أني
قرنتhad coupled دنوهhis nearness منيto me ببعدwith distance
قرنت دنوه مني ببعد
He brought his snout near, and I wished
I had coupled his nearness to me with distance,
كماjust as افتدتransomed herself المعاذةal-Mu'adhah منfrom جواهhis torment
كما افتدت المعاذة من جواه
بخلعتهاwith her divorce payment ولمand did not ترجعcome away بزندwith a fire-stick
بخلعتها ولم ترجع بزند
as al-Mu'adhah ransomed herself from his torment
with her divorce payment, coming away without even a fire-stick.
وفارقهاand left her جواهhis torment فاستراحتso she found relief
وفارقها جواه فاستراحت
وكانتand she had been عندهwith him كأسيرlike a captive of قدa rawhide thong
وكانت عنده كأسير قد
His torment left her, and she found relief;
with him she had been like a captive bound in rawhide.
وقدand indeed أدنيتI had brought near فاهhis mouth إليto me حتىuntil
وقد أدنيت فاه إلي حتى
قتلتI killed بذاكby that نفسيmyself غيرwithout عمدintent
قتلت بذاك نفسي غير عمد
I had brought his mouth so close to me
that I killed myself by it, without intending to.
يذقنthey (feminine) taste حلاوةsweetness ويخفنand they (feminine) fear موتاa death
يذقن حلاوة ويخفن موتا
زعافاswiftly lethal انif هممنthey (feminine) contemplate لهto him بوردcoming to drink
زعافا ان هممن له بورد
They taste sweetness and fear a death
swiftly lethal, should they think of approaching him to drink.
فلماthen when فاحreeked فوهhis mouth عليupon me فوحاa wafting
فلما فاح فوه علي فوحا
بمثفلwith the thick sediment of غثيثةpus from الدبرthe saddle-sore المغدswollen
بمثفل غثيثة الدبر المغد
When his mouth wafted its reek upon me,
with the thick sediment of pus from a swollen saddle-sore,
فقلتso I said لهto him تنحmove away بفيكwith your mouth عنيfrom me
فقلت له تنح بفيك عني
فماfor not هذاthis بريحthe scent of قتارburning smoke from رندlaurel
فما هذا بريح قتار رند
I said to him, “Take your mouth away from me!
This is no scent of burning laurel,
وماand not هذاthis بريحthe scent of طلاwine ولكنbut
وما هذا بريح طلا ولكن
يفوحwafts منهfrom it غيرsomething other than مردarak fruit
يفوح منه غير مرد
nor is this the scent of wine; rather,
what wafts from it is no scent of arak fruit.
فحدثنيso tell me فإنfor indeed الصدقtruth أدنىis nearer
فحدثني فإن الصدق أدنى
لبابto the gate of الحقright منthan كذبlying وجحدand denial
لباب الحق من كذب وجحد
Tell me, for truth is nearer
to the gate of right than lying and denial:
أباتdid it spend the night يجولroaming فيin عفجthe gut of طحورa purging beast
أبات يجول في عفج طحور
فأعلمso I may know أمor أتاكcame to you بهwith it مغديan early visitor
فأعلم أم أتاك به مغدي
did it spend the night roaming in a purging beast's gut—
so I may know—or did an early visitor bring it to you?
نكهتyou breathed عليupon me نكهةthe breath of أخدريa wild ass
نكهت علي نكهة أخدري
شتيمhideous أعصلcrooked in الأنيابthe fangs وردtawny
شتيم أعصل الأنياب ورد
You breathed upon me the breath of a wild ass,
hideous, crooked-fanged, and tawny.
فماso not يدنوapproaches إلىto فيهits mouth ذبابa fly
فما يدنو إلى فيه ذباب
ولوeven if طليتyou smeared مشافرهits lips بقندwith sugar
ولو طليت مشافره بقند
No fly would approach its mouth,
even if you smeared its lips with sugar.
فإنso if أهديتyou offered ليto me منfrom فيكyour mouth حتفيmy death
فإن أهديت لي من فيك حتفي
فإنيthen I كالذيlike what أهديتyou offered أهديoffer
فإني كالذي أهديت أهدي
If you offer me my death from your mouth,
I too offer a gift like the one you gave:
لمgather! شرداwandering verses يسرنthey travel مغنياتsung
لم شردا يسرن مغنيات
تكونwill be فنونهاtheir varied strains منof كلevery فندfolly
تكون فنونها من كل فند
gather wandering verses that travel as songs,
whose strains contain every kind of folly.
أماwill you not تخزيfeel shame خزيتmay you be disgraced لهاat them إذاwhen ما(emphasis)
أما تخزي خزيت لها إذا ما
رواهاrecite them الناسpeople منamong شيبgraybeards ومردand beardless youths
رواها الناس من شيب ومرد
Will you not be ashamed of them—shame upon you!—when
people, gray-haired and beardless alike, recite them?
لأرجوI indeed hope أنthat نجوتI escaped ولمand not يصبنيbefell me
لأرجو أن نجوت ولم يصبني
جوىillness أنيthat I إذنthen لسعيدam surely fortunate جدin fortune
جوى أني إذن لسعيد جد
I hope I have escaped and have not been struck
by sickness; then indeed my fortune would be happy.”
وقلتand I said لهto him متىwhen استطرفتdid you newly acquire هذاthis
وقلت له متى استطرفت هذا
فقالso he said أصابنيit afflicted me منfrom جوفthe inside of مهديmy cradle
فقال أصابني من جوف مهدي
I asked him, “When did you acquire this novelty?”
He said, “It afflicted me while I was still in my cradle.”
فقلتso I said لهto him أماhave you not داويتtreated هذاthis
فقلت له أما داويت هذا
فتعذرand do your utmost فيهabout it آمالاًin hope بجهدwith exertion
فتعذر فيه آمالاً بجهد
I said to him, “Have you not treated this,
doing your utmost for it, with hope and exertion?”
فقالso he said أماdo you not علمتknow لهfor it رقاءhealing charms
فقال أما علمت له رقاء
فتسديهand bestow it لناon us فيماamong what ستسديyou will bestow
فتسديه لنا فيما ستسدي
He said, “Do you not know a healing charm for it,
to bestow on us among your other gifts?”
فقلتso I said لهto him ولاand not آلوهI spare him عياbewilderment
فقلت له ولا آلوه عيا
لهfor him فيماin what أسرI confide لهto him وأبديand disclose
له فيما أسر له وأبدي
I answered him, sparing him no bewilderment,
in what I confide to him and declare openly:
عليكyou must take بقيئةsome vomit وبجعرand dung of كلبa dog
عليك بقيئة وبجعر كلب
ومثليand twice ذاكthat منof نونfish كنعدkan'ad (kingfish)
ومثلي ذاك من نون كنعد
“Take vomit and a dog's dung,
and twice that amount of kan'ad fish,
وحلتيتand asafoetida وكراثand leeks وثومand garlic
وحلتيت وكراث وثوم
وعوديand two stalks of حرملwild rue ودماغand the brain of فهدa cheetah
وعودي حرمل ودماغ فهد
and asafoetida, leeks, and garlic,
two stalks of wild rue and a cheetah's brain,
وحنجرةand the throat of ابنson of آوىAwa (together: jackal) وابنand son of عرس'Irs (together: weasel)
وحنجرة ابن آوى وابن عرس
ووزنand the weight of شعيرةa barleycorn منof بزرseed فقدchaste-tree
ووزن شعيرة من بزر فقد
the throat of a jackal and of a weasel,
and a barleycorn's weight of chaste-tree seed,
وكفand a handful of ذرحرحblister beetles ولسانand the tongue of صقرa falcon
وكف ذرحرح ولسان صقر
ومثقالينand two mithqals منof صوانflint رقدRaqd
ومثقالين من صوان رقد
a handful of blister beetles and a falcon's tongue,
and two mithqals of flint from Raqd.
يدقit is pounded ويعجنand is kneaded المنخولthe sifted portion منهof it
يدق ويعجن المنخول منه
ببولwith urine آجنstagnant وبجعرand with dung of قردa monkey
ببول آجن وبجعر قرد
It is pounded, and the sifted portion is kneaded
with stagnant urine and a monkey's dung.
وتدفنهand bury it زماناًfor a time فيin شعيرbarley
وتدفنه زماناً في شعير
وترقبهand watch it فلاso not يبدوit is exposed لبردto cold
وترقبه فلا يبدو لبرد
Bury it for a time in barley,
and watch over it so it is not exposed to cold.
فدخنthen fumigate فاكyour mouth ماwhat عتقتyou have aged فيهin it
فدخن فاك ما عتقت فيه
ولاand not يعجنbe kneaded بأظفارwith onycha وندand nadd incense
ولا يعجن بأظفار وند
Then fumigate your mouth with what you have aged there;
it must not be kneaded with onycha and nadd incense.
فإنthen if حضرarrives الشتاءwinter وأنتwhile you are حيalive
فإن حضر الشتاء وأنت حي
أراكmay He show you اللهGod غيكyour folly أمرa course of رشدsound judgment
أراك الله غيك أمر رشد
If winter arrives while you are still alive—
may God make your folly seem to you sound judgment—
فدحرجهاthen roll it بنادقinto pellets وازدردهاand gulp them down
فدحرجها بنادق وازدردها
متىwhenever رمتyou wish التكلمto speak أيwhat a زردgulping
متى رمت التكلم أي زرد
roll it into pellets and gulp them down
whenever you wish to speak—what a gulping!
فتقذفthen you spew بالمصلwhey علىupon مصلwhey
فتقذف بالمصل على مصل
ببلعومthrough a gullet وشدقand a jaw مسمعدstretched wide
ببلعوم وشدق مسمعد
Then you will spew whey upon whey
through a gullet and a jaw stretched wide.
وويلكand woe to you ماwhat لبطنكails your belly مذsince قعدناwe sat down
وويلك ما لبطنك مذ قعدنا
كأنas though دويهits rumbling أرزامwere peals of رعدthunder
كأن دويه أرزام رعد
Woe to you! What ails your belly since we sat down?
Its rumbling sounds like peals of thunder.
فإنfor indeed لحكةfor the itching of الناسورthe fistula عنديI have
فإن لحكة الناسور عندي
دواءa remedy انif صبرتyou endure لهit سيجديit will work
دواء ان صبرت له سيجدي
For the itching of your fistula, I have
a remedy that will work if you endure it.
يميتit kills الدودthe worms عنكaway from you وتشتهيهand you crave it
يميت الدود عنك وتشتهيه
إنif أنتyou سننتهsharpen it سنas the sharpening of المقديthe muqaddi (unclear term)
إن أنت سننته سن المقدي
It kills your worms, and you will crave it
if you sharpen it as the muqaddi [unclear term] does
بهwith it وطليتهand coat it بأصولwith roots of دفلىoleander
به وطليته بأصول دفلى
وشيءand some منof جنىthe fruit of لصفcaper ورندand laurel
وشيء من جنى لصف ورند
with it, and coat it with oleander roots
and some fruit of caper and laurel.”
أظنيI think myself ميتاًdying منfrom نتنthe stench of فيهhis mouth
أظني ميتاً من نتن فيه
أهانmay He disgrace اللَهGod منwhoever ناجاهspeaks privately with him بعديafter me
أهان اللَه من ناجاه بعدي
I think I am dying from the stench of his mouth;
may God disgrace whoever speaks privately with him after me!
Sol 6.1