باتتshe spent the night تلومblaming علىfor طولthe length الونىof languor وغدتand came in the morning
باتت تلوم على طول الونى وغدت
عليّagainst me بالسبّwith insults والتأنيبand rebukes والعذلand reproaches
عليّ بالسبّ والتأنيب والعذل
She spent the night blaming my long languor, and in the morning
She blames me for prolonging estrangement, and reproaches me with slander, blame and disdain.
turned on me with insults, rebukes, and reproaches.
Yet I did not say she was articulate, except by way of simile and metaphor.
ولمand did not أقلI say إنّهاthat she قالتspoke منطقةendowed with speech
ولم أقل إنّها قالت منطقة
إلاexcept علىby جهةway التشبيهof comparison والمثلand metaphor
إلا على جهة التشبيه والمثل
Nor did I say she spoke as one endowed with speech,
She felt pity when she saw me in the grip of cruel time, without money or means.
except by way of comparison and metaphor.
And she frankly told me something I dislike:
واستعبرتand she wept أنbecause رأتنيshe saw me تحتbeneath داهيةa calamity
واستعبرت أن رأتني تحت داهية
منfrom الزمانtime بلاwithout مالwealth ولاnor خولservants
من الزمان بلا مال ولا خول
And she wept because she saw me beneath a calamity
"Your youth has passed, so you have indulged in idleness.
from time, without wealth or servants.
Where is your drive for pleasures, and your ambition in your early days?"
وصرّحتand she spoke plainly ليto me بقولwith a statement بتّI spent the night أكرههhating it
وصرّحت لي بقول بتّ أكرهه
مضىhas passed شبابكyour youth فاستاثرتso you claimed for yourself بالكسلidleness
مضى شبابك فاستاثرت بالكسل
And she spoke plainly to me in words I had come to hate:
So I said, "Reproach me if you wish, for time has let me down, or say I have little wealth, for I do not debase myself."
Your youth has passed, so you have made idleness your own.
The hand of time has not stripped me unjustly, for fate varies money and power.
أينwhere اعتراضكyour pursuit للذّاتof pleasures عنout of طربٍdelight
أين اعتراضك للذّات عن طربٍ
وأينand where حرصكyour eagerness فيin أيامكyour days الأولthe earliest
وأين حرصك في أيامك الأول
Where is your pursuit of pleasures out of delight,
Do not wonder at my lack of ambition, when my soul desires what is not destined for me or within my hopes.
and where is your eagerness in your earliest days?
Man is limited by his nature, by the unseen sustenance and appointed term.
فقلتso I said إنif شبتI have grayed فالأيّامthen the days مخلفةbringing renewal
فقلت إن شبت فالأيّام مخلفة
أوor قلّhas dwindled ماليmy wealth فعرضيthen my honor غيرnot مبتذلdebased
أو قلّ مالي فعرضي غير مبتذل
I said: if I have grayed, the days bring renewal;
If the days have exposed me to misfortune, closing off sources of wishes and unleashing afflictions,
or if my wealth has dwindled, my honor is not debased.
The cloud may hide the eye of the sun, then is seen to have passed from it, while the sun's eye did not waver.
وماand not كستنيclothed me يدthe hand الأيّامof the days معتبةa cause for reproach
وما كستني يد الأيّام معتبة
فالدهرfor time مغرىintent بنقلon shifting المالwealth والدولand fortunes
فالدهر مغرى بنقل المال والدول
The hand of days has clothed me in no cause for reproach,
I am not the first to be consumed by the turning of time, without begging or submitting.
for time is bent on shifting wealth and fortunes.
Such is my nature, in hardship and in ease; they do not change in my days of sorrow or joy.
لاdo not تعجبيwonder منat فتوريmy languor عنregarding مطالبتيmy demanding
لا تعجبي من فتوري عن مطالبتي
نفسيmyself بماfor what ليسis not فيin حظيmy lot ولاnor أمليmy hope
نفسي بما ليس في حظي ولا أملي
Do not wonder at my reluctance to demand
I stand balanced in my nothingness, like a sword in its scabbard, neither shortening nor prolonging.
of myself what is neither my lot nor my hope.
If I had abundant means, I would not have excelled in generosity or restraint.
فالمرءfor a person وقفis bound علىto ماwhat فيهis in him منof خلقcharacter
فالمرء وقف على ما فيه من خلق
ومالهand what is allotted him منof خفيّunseen الرزقsustenance والأجلand lifespan
وماله من خفيّ الرزق والأجل
For a man is bound to the character within him
When livelihood is straitened, and remains constricted for a long time, like a lion trapped,
and to his hidden share of sustenance and lifespan.
I make it wider through contentment, preserving my nobility, and restraining the flow of my tears.
لئنeven if عرتنيhas overtaken me منfrom الأيّامthe days غاشيةa calamity
لئن عرتني من الأيّام غاشية
سدّتblocked فروجthe openings المنىof hopes واستفتحتand unleashed علليmy ailments
سدّت فروج المنى واستفتحت عللي
Even if a calamity from the days has overtaken me,
For death is easier for me than demanding from myself the attainment of water from a miser.
blocking the openings of hope and unleashing my ailments,
I have touched all manners of tribulation, of subtlety and gravity.
فالغيمfor cloud يحجبveils عينthe eye الشمسof the sun ثمّthen يرىis seen
فالغيم يحجب عين الشمس ثمّ يرى
قدindeed زالhas departed عنهاfrom it وعينwhile the eye الشمسof the sun لمhas not تزلvanished
قد زال عنها وعين الشمس لم تزل
cloud veils the eye of the sun, then is seen
I have not grieved at refusing a request, or been roused against an adversary in dread.
to have cleared from it, while the sun's eye has not vanished.
I have not blamed, nor have I been blamed, which is enough virtue in word and deed.
ماnot كنتwas I أولthe first محروبdespoiled man تأكلهit devours him
ما كنت أول محروب تأكله
صرفthe vicissitudes الزمانof time فلمyet did not يضرعcringe ولمand did not يحلchange
صرف الزمان فلم يضرع ولم يحل
I was not the first despoiled man devoured
I have gained nothing dishonestly, always inclining to what is right, not caring.
by time's vicissitudes, who neither cringed nor changed.
I have not clung to anything objectionable, or been saddened by the turning away of a bosom friend.
خلائقيmy traits تلكthose فيin بؤسيmy misery وفيand in سعتيmy abundance
خلائقي تلك في بؤسي وفي سعتي
ماnot حلنdid they change فيon يومa day أحزانيof my sorrows ولاnor جذليmy joy
ما حلن في يوم أحزاني ولا جذلي
Such are my traits, in my misery and my abundance;
My soul will leave my body equitably, so why would I grieve for one lacking balance?
they never changed on a day of sorrow or joy.
No friend of mine has shunned me, but I have turned to some manner of estrangement.
وقفتI stood بينamid اعتدالbalance الطبعof temperament فيin عدميmy poverty
وقفت بين اعتدال الطبع في عدمي
كالنصلlike a blade فيin الغمدthe sheath لمdid not أقصرI grow shorter ولمand did not أطلI grow longer
كالنصل في الغمد لم أقصر ولم أطل
In my poverty, I stood in temperate balance,
So I said to myself, “Be as you were after his aloofness, for the familiar is not within reach.”
like a blade in its sheath, neither shorter nor longer.
I have undertaken no matter beyond my strength, without seeking the aid of an unfailing ally.
ولوand had ملكتI possessed اتّساعاabundance لاsurely (split conditional prefix) تسعتI would expand بهwith it
ولو ملكت اتّساعا لا تسعت به
علىon المكارمnoble deeds فيin التفصيلthe particulars والجملand the whole
على المكارم في التفصيل والجمل
And had I possessed abundance, I would have spent it freely
I have not spied on the flaws of a neighbor out of spite, nor wept for an abode or encampment.
on noble deeds, in their particulars and their whole.
I have not awaited changing fortune through hopes, for I am busy with my day.
إذاwhen تضايقnarrows عيشيmy livelihood واستمرّand persists بهin it
إذا تضايق عيشي واستمرّ به
فيin الضيقhardship وقتa time طويلlong الليثthe lion فيin مهلleisure
في الضيق وقت طويل الليث في مهل
When my livelihood narrows and remains so,
I have not praised a generous man for his generosity, hoping for gain, or allied myself with the lowly.
in hardship for a long time—the lion at leisure—
Since I came of age, though heedless in my youth then mature,
أوسعتهI broaden it بقنوعwith contentment حافظpreserving كرميmy dignity
أوسعته بقنوع حافظ كرمي
وحاقنand retaining ماءthe water وجهيof my face ساترconcealing خلليmy want
وحاقن ماء وجهي ساتر خللي
I broaden it with contentment that preserves my dignity
Each person’s virtues proceed according to his nature, be he noble, free, or refined.
and keeps the water of my face intact, concealing my want.
The despicable and obscene have adopted their manners, and so deserve blame for vileness.
فالموتfor death أيسرُeasier عنديto me منthan مطالبتيmy demanding
فالموت أيسرُ عندي من مطالبتي
نفسيmyself بنيلto obtain الندىbounty منfrom باخلa miser نكلcraven
نفسي بنيل الندى من باخل نكل
Death is easier for me than demanding
God has appointed for people degrees He carries out; were there no coward, none would praise the brave.
of myself that I obtain bounty from a craven miser.
If they agreed to do good of their own accord, flowing like a willing horse, not inclining to stinginess,
كلall المآلمpains قدindeed مارستI experienced أصبعبهاtheir hardest
كل المآلم قد مارست أصبعبها
ودونand below ذلكthat منof what دقّwas slight ومنand of what جللwas grave
ودون ذلك من دقّ ومن جلل
Of all pains, I have endured the hardest,
So the man of merit whom we praise has a course characterized by insight without blemish.
and those short of that, whether slight or grave.
I and other people have only the hopes that desire dresses in fine garb and rags.
ماnot بتّI spent the night أشجىgrieving بذلat the humiliation الردof rejection عنfrom طلبa request
ما بتّ أشجى بذل الرد عن طلب
ولاnor تصبّحتdid I awaken منfrom خصميmy adversary علىin وجلdread
ولا تصبّحت من خصمي على وجل
I never spent the night grieving at the humiliation of a rejected plea,
When I am free of desires, and destitution prevents me out of shyness,
nor awoke in dread of my adversary.
Then all people are to me equal in their stations; neither my she-camel nor my camel has risen above them.
ولاnor ذممتdid I censure ولمand not أذممwas I censured وحسبكهاand it suffices you
ولا ذممت ولم أذمم وحسبكها
منas خلةa trait حسنتthat was fair فيin القولspeech والعملand action
من خلة حسنت في القول والعمل
I neither censured nor was censured—and that is enough for you
I pardoned their rights over me and deferred to what they are owed, neither favoring nor speaking ill.
as a trait, fair in speech and action.
They wished me well, else I would have seen wars between us, with the white and black rooks.
ولاnor استربتdid I doubt بأمرa matter فيهin it ليfor me عوضan alternative
ولا استربت بأمر فيه لي عوض
إلاexcept عدلتI turned إلىto الأولىthe better course ولمand did not ابلI care
إلا عدلت إلى الأولى ولم ابل
Never did I doubt a course for which I had an alternative
I acquiesced to the favors of the world they enjoy without envy, knowing the taste of honey and aloe.
without turning to the better one, untroubled.
After every blessing comes an affliction to complement it; the pain of childbirth is forgotten upon delivery.
ولاnor اعتلقتdid I cling بأمرto a matter فيهin it لائمةgrounds for blame
ولا اعتلقت بأمر فيه لائمة
ولاnor أسيتdid I grieve لإلفfor a companion صدّwho turned away عنout of ملَلweariness
ولا أسيت لإلف صدّ عن ملَل
Nor did I cling to a course inviting blame,
A limp troubles me, and I walk on that leg with a limping gait.
nor grieve for a companion who turned away out of weariness.
When I examine it, the flaw is in my leg, better than a flaw in my mind, due to my ignorance.
تفارقdeparts الروحthe soul جسميmy body وهيwhile it عادلةis balanced
تفارق الروح جسمي وهي عادلة
فكيفso how آسىshould I grieve لشخصfor a person غيرnot معتدلbalanced
فكيف آسى لشخص غير معتدل
The soul leaves my body, though it is well-balanced;
I have not gained provision beyond my share through greed, nor lost by laxity or failure.
so how should I grieve for someone without balance?
I entrust all my affairs to the One who, behind the veil of mystery, knows what is best for me.
ولاnor جفانيdid he shun me خليmy dear friend كنتI was آلفهfond of him
ولا جفاني خلي كنت آلفه
إلاexcept عدلتI turned إلىto ضربa kind منof الجذلgladness
إلا عدلت إلى ضرب من الجذل
No dear friend whom I was fond of ever shunned me
Most people proceed under the influence of Taurus and Aries,
without my turning to a kind of gladness.
And avoid the scorching sun through Capricorn, when it inclines toward Saturn.
فقلتso I said للنفسto the soul كونيbe بعدafter جفوتهhis estrangement
فقلت للنفس كوني بعد جفوته
بحيثwhere ماas كنتyou were والمألوفwhile the cherished one لمhad not يصلjoined
بحيث ما كنت والمألوف لم يصل
So I told my soul: after his estrangement, be
Fear God in private and public, and for the sins and lapses I have committed.
where you were when the cherished one had not yet joined you.
There is no strategy or caution that can protect you if you fear dread and turmoil.
ولاnor هممتdid I intend بأمرa matter عزّwas difficult مطلبُهits attainment
ولا هممت بأمر عزّ مطلبُه
إلاexcept استعنتI sought help بباسthrough courage غيرnot منخزلfaltering
إلا استعنت بباس غير منخزل
Nor did I set my mind on something hard to attain
without drawing on courage that would not falter.
ولاnor تتبّعتdid I seek out عيبthe fault الجارof the neighbor عنout of ضعَةbaseness
ولا تتبّعت عيب الجار عن ضعَة
ولاnor بكيتdid I weep علىover ربعa dwelling-site ولاnor طلَلruined traces
ولا بكيت على ربع ولا طلَل
Nor did I hunt my neighbor's faults out of baseness,
nor weep over a dwelling-site or ruined traces.
ولاnor ترقبتdid I await بالآمالwith hopes صرفthe turn غدof tomorrow
ولا ترقبت بالآمال صرف غد
هذاthis لأنيَbecause I منwith يوميmy day علىam in شغُلoccupation
هذا لأنيَ من يومي على شغُل
Nor did I await tomorrow's turn of fortune with hopes;
this is because I am occupied with my present day.
ولاnor مدحتdid I praise كريماa noble man فيfor تكرّمهhis generosity
ولا مدحت كريما في تكرّمه
رجاءhoping for نيلa gift ولاnor أزريتdid I disparage بالسفلthe lowly
رجاء نيل ولا أزريت بالسفل
Nor did I praise a noble man for his generosity,
hoping for a gift, nor disparage the lowly,
منذsince انتبهتI awoke وقدماand formerly كنتI was فيin وسنdrowsiness
منذ انتبهت وقدما كنت في وسن
بلrather غافلاheedless فيin شبابيmy youth ثمthen مكتهليmy middle age
بل غافلا في شبابي ثم مكتهلي
since I awoke—formerly I was drowsy,
indeed, heedless in my youth and then my middle years.
كلّeach علىaccording to طبعهhis nature تجريflow فضائلهhis virtues
كلّ على طبعه تجري فضائله
منamong الأكارمthe generous والأحرارand the freeborn والنبلand the noble
من الأكارم والأحرار والنبل
Each man's virtues flow according to his nature,
among the generous, the freeborn, and the noble.
فالأرذلونfor the basest وأهلand the people الفحشof obscenity قدindeed ملكواhave acquired
فالأرذلون وأهل الفحش قد ملكوا
آدابهمtheir manners فاستحقّواso they deserved الذمblame بالرذلfor baseness
آدابهم فاستحقّوا الذم بالرذل
For the basest and those given to obscenity have acquired
their manners, and so earned reproach for baseness.
للهto God belong فيamong الخلقcreatures أقدارdecrees ينفّذهاHe enacts them
لله في الخلق أقدار ينفّذها
لولاbut for الجبانthe coward لماwould not أثنيpraise be given علىto البطلthe hero
لولا الجبان لما أثني على البطل
God has decrees among His creatures that He carries out;
but for the coward, the hero would not be praised.
لوhad وفقواthey been rightly guided الجرواthey would surely run فيin الخيرgoodness طوعobedient to يدa hand
لو وفقوا الجروا في الخير طوع يد
جريthe running الجوادof a noble steed ولمand would not يلوواthey turn aside علىtoward البخلstinginess
جري الجواد ولم يلووا على البخل
Had they been rightly guided, they would run toward good at a hand's bidding,
as a noble steed runs, never turning toward stinginess.
كذلكlikewise الفاضلthe virtuous man المحمودpraised مذهبهُis his way
كذلك الفاضل المحمود مذهبهُ
كلeach بماaccording to what فيهis in him رشدsound judgment ومنand of خللdefect
كل بما فيه رشد ومن خلل
So too the virtuous man, whose way is praised:
each according to the sound judgment and flaws within him.
ماليwhat have I to do وللناسand with people إلاexcept ماwhat يرّبصهit holds in suspense
مالي وللناس إلا ما يرّبصه
عوزlack المطامعof desired things فيin زيّattire وفيand in وشَلa scant trickle
عوز المطامع في زيّ وفي وشَل
What have I to do with people, save what is held in suspense
by want of things desired, in attire and a scant trickle?
إذاwhen ملكتI possessed الغنىindependence عنهمfrom them وعارضنيand confronted me
إذا ملكت الغنى عنهم وعارضني
دونbefore المطامعhopes for gain يأسhopelessness مانعيkeeping me from خجليmy shame
دون المطامع يأس مانعي خجلي
When I possess independence from them, and there confronts me
before those desires a hopelessness that spares me shame,
فالناسthen people عنديto me جميعاall فيin مراتبهمtheir ranks
فالناس عندي جميعا في مراتبهم
لاneither ناقتيmy she-camel طلعتappeared فيهمamong them ولاnor جمليmy he-camel
لا ناقتي طلعت فيهم ولا جملي
all people, to me, in their various ranks:
neither my she-camel nor my he-camel has appeared among them.
سامحتهمI pardoned them فيregarding حقوقيmy rights وابتدأتهمُand approached them first
سامحتهم في حقوقي وابتدأتهمُ
بماwith what استحقّواthey deserved ولمand did not أمننI vaunt favors ولمand did not أقلI speak
بما استحقّوا ولم أمنن ولم أقل
I waived my rights against them and offered them first
what they deserved, without vaunting favors or speaking of them.
فسالمونيso they made peace with me ولولاهاand but for that رأيتyou would have seen لهمon their side
فسالموني ولولاها رأيت لهم
وليand on mine حروباwars بوقعwith the clash البيضof bright swords والأسلand spears
ولي حروبا بوقع البيض والأسل
So they made peace with me; but for that, you would have seen between them
and me wars with the clash of bright swords and spears.
سوّغتهمI let them enjoy نعمblessings الدنياof the world بلاwithout حسدenvy
سوّغتهم نعم الدنيا بلا حسد
منيfrom me لعلميbecause I know بطعمthe taste of الشريcolocynth والعسلand honey
مني لعلمي بطعم الشري والعسل
I let them savor this world's blessings, without envy
from me, for I know the taste of colocynth and honey.
عقيبafter كلevery نعيمdelight ضدّthe opposite مطعمهof its taste
عقيب كل نعيم ضدّ مطعمه
عندat الولادةchildbirth تنسىis forgotten لذّةthe pleasure الحبلof pregnancy
عند الولادة تنسى لذّة الحبل
After every delight comes its opposite in taste;
at childbirth, the pleasure of pregnancy is forgotten.
يسوءنيdistresses me حنفٌinward foot-curvature قدhas حلsettled فيin قدميmy foot
يسوءني حنفٌ قد حل في قدمي
أمشيI walk علىon ظهرهاits back مشيthe gait الوجيof the sore-footed الوجلthe fearful
أمشي على ظهرها مشي الوجي الوجل
An inward bend settled in my foot distresses me;
I walk on its back, like a sore-footed, fearful man.
إذاwhen تأمّلتI reflect كانis العيبthe defect فيin قدميmy foot
إذا تأمّلت كان العيب في قدمي
خيراbetter منthan العيبthe defect فيin عقليmy mind علىdespite خبليmy infirmity
خيرا من العيب في عقلي على خبلي
Yet when I reflect, the defect in my foot proves
better than a defect in my mind, despite my infirmity.
ماnot ازددتdid I gain بالحرصthrough greed رزقاsustenance فوقbeyond ماwhat هوليis mine
ما ازددت بالحرص رزقا فوق ما هولي
ولاnor حرمتwas I deprived بتقصيرthrough neglect ولاnor فشلweakness
ولا حرمت بتقصير ولا فشل
Through greed I gained no sustenance beyond what was mine,
nor was I deprived through neglect or weakness.
إنيindeed I أفوّضentrust أمريmy affairs فيin تصرّفهtheir unfolding
إني أفوّض أمري في تصرّفه
إلىto الذيHim who فيwithin حجابthe veil الحملof pregnancy أحسنdid good ليto me
إلى الذي في حجاب الحمل أحسن لي
I entrust my affairs, in their unfolding,
to Him who did me good within the veil of pregnancy.
وأكثرand most الناسpeople يغدوgoes forth فيin تصرّفهhis affairs
وأكثر الناس يغدو في تصرّفه
مستعصماseeking protection بمدارthrough the circuit الثورof Taurus والحملand Aries
مستعصما بمدار الثور والحمل
But most people go forth in managing their affairs,
seeking protection in the circuit of Taurus and Aries.
ويتّقونand they guard against ذهابthe passage الشمسof the sun محرقةًscorching
ويتّقون ذهاب الشمس محرقةً
بهرامBahram فيin السرsecret إذاwhen أفضتit passes إلىto زحلSaturn
بهرام في السر إذا أفضت إلى زحل
And they guard against the sun's passage, scorching
Bahram in secret when it passes on to Saturn.
واتّقيand I fear اللهGod فيin سرّيmy private life وفيand in علنيmy public life
واتّقي الله في سرّي وفي علني
وماand what اقترفتI committed منof الآثامsins والزلَلand slips
وما اقترفت من الآثام والزلَل
And I fear God in private and in public,
and over the sins and slips I have committed.
هوّنmake it easier عليكon yourself فلاfor neither حزمٌprudence ولاnor حذرcaution
هوّن عليك فلا حزمٌ ولا حذر
واقيكprotects you إنif بتّyou spend the night منfrom خوفfear علىin وجلdread
واقيك إن بتّ من خوف على وجل
Ease your mind: neither prudence nor caution
will protect you if you spend the night trembling in fear.
Partial English translation: 52 of 102 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1