صَدَعَparted الخَليطُthe company فَشاقَنيso stirred my longing أَجواريmy neighbors
صَدَعَ الخَليطُ فَشاقَني أَجواري
وَنَأَوكَand they went far from you بَعدَafter تَقارُبٍcloseness وَمَزارِand visits
وَنَأَوكَ بَعدَ تَقارُبٍ وَمَزارِ
The company dispersed, and my neighbors stirred my longing;
The fermented mixture broke me, my insides cracked
and they went far from you after closeness and visits.
And you distanced, after closeness and pilgrimage
فَكَأَنَّماso it was as though أَناI شارِبٌa drinker جادَتgave lavishly لَهُto him
فَكَأَنَّما أَنا شارِبٌ جادَت لَهُ
بُصرىBusra بِصافِيَةِwith a clear الأَديمِsurface عُقارِwine
بُصرى بِصافِيَةِ الأَديمِ عُقارِ
As though I were a drinker, lavishly supplied
So it was as if I were drinking pure wine
by Busra with wine of a limpid surface,
Whose vision blinded my sight
صِرفٍunmixed تَوارَثَتِinherited in succession الأَعاجِمُthe non-Arabs جَفنَهاits vine
صِرفٍ تَوارَثَتِ الأَعاجِمُ جَفنَها
وَحَماهُand protected it حائِطُa hedge عَوسَجٍboxthorn بِجِدارِwith a wall
وَحَماهُ حائِطُ عَوسَجٍ بِجِدارِ
unmixed, whose vine the non-Arabs inherited in turn,
Of lineage inherited blindness in their eyelids
and a walled hedge of boxthorn protected it.
And a rugged wall protected with a barrier
مِنfrom مُسبِلٍa trailing vine دَرَجَتunfolded عَلَيهِalong it عُيونُهُits buds
مِن مُسبِلٍ دَرَجَت عَلَيهِ عُيونُهُ
وَسَقاهُand watered it عازِبُdistant جَدوَلٍa stream مَرّارِever-flowing
وَسَقاهُ عازِبُ جَدوَلٍ مَرّارِ
From a trailing vine along which its buds unfolded,
From a generous man, his eyes accustomed to grace
and a distant, ever-flowing stream watered it,
Quenched by a bachelor's fresh flowing bitter rivulet
حَتّىuntil إِذاwhen ماan emphatic particle أَنضَجَتهُripened it شَمسُهُits sun
حَتّى إِذا ما أَنضَجَتهُ شَمسُهُ
وَأَنىand matured فَلَيسَso it is not عُصارُهُits juice كَعُصارِlike other juice
وَأَنى فَلَيسَ عُصارُهُ كَعُصارِ
until, when its sun had ripened it
Until when the sun ripened him
and it matured—its juice was unlike other juice—
He came of age, yet his juice isn’t like other juices
وَتَفَصَّدَتand flowed out مِنfrom غَيرِnot هَشٍّbrittle عودُهُits wood
وَتَفَصَّدَت مِن غَيرِ هَشٍّ عودُهُ
بالٍworn-out وَلَيسَand it is not بِحِصرِمٍof unripe grapes أَبكارِfirst crops
بالٍ وَلَيسَ بِحِصرِمٍ أَبكارِ
and it flowed from a vine whose wood was neither brittle
And his wood cracked without brittleness
nor worn; nor was it made from first-crop sour grapes.
Mature, not an adolescent just growing his first beard
وَتَجَرَّدَتand cleared بَعدَafter الهَديرِthe roar of fermentation وَصَرَّحَتand became pure
وَتَجَرَّدَت بَعدَ الهَديرِ وَصَرَّحَت
صَهباءُtawny wine تَبدَأُfirst affects شَربَهاits drinkers بِفُتارِwith languor
صَهباءُ تَبدَأُ شَربَها بِفُتارِ
And it cleared after fermentation's roar and became pure—
And it shed after tumult and became candid
a tawny wine that first brings languor to its drinkers.
An old flame beginning her drinking with embers
وَجداًout of longing بِرَملَةَfor Ramla يَومَthe day شَرَّقَheaded east أَهلُهاher people
وَجداً بِرَملَةَ يَومَ شَرَّقَ أَهلُها
لِلغَمرِto al-Ghamr أَوor لِشَقائِقِto the sandy hollows of الأَذكارِal-Adhkar
لِلغَمرِ أَو لِشَقائِقِ الأَذكارِ
Out of longing for Ramla, the day her people headed east
And seriously, the day her people beamed
to al-Ghamr or the sandy hollows of al-Adhkar.
For the flood or for the pale morning glories
وَكَأَنَّand as though ظُعنَthe women's litters الحَيِّthe tribe حائِشُa palm grove قَريَةٍa village
وَكَأَنَّ ظُعنَ الحَيِّ حائِشُ قَريَةٍ
دانيwithin reach الجِنايَةِthe picking مونِعُripening الأَثمارِthe fruits
داني الجِنايَةِ مونِعُ الأَثمارِ
And the tribe's traveling litters seemed a village palm grove,
It was as if the living community was devastated
its fruit within easy reach, its harvest ripe.
Imminent in crime, preventing fruits
وَإِذاand when اِطَّلَعنَthey peered out مِنَfrom الخُدورِthe curtained litters لِحاجَةٍfor a need
وَإِذا اِطَّلَعنَ مِنَ الخُدورِ لِحاجَةٍ
سُدَّwere filled الخَصاصُthe openings بِأَوجُهٍwith faces أَحرارِnoble
سُدَّ الخَصاصُ بِأَوجُهٍ أَحرارِ
And when they peered from the curtained litters for a need,
And when they peeked from the rooms for a need
the openings were filled by noble faces.
The bereaved closed with pale dignified faces
وَلَقَدand indeed حَلَفتُI swore بِرَبِّby the Lord of موسىMoses جاهِداًearnestly
وَلَقَد حَلَفتُ بِرَبِّ موسى جاهِداً
وَالبَيتِand by the House ذيpossessing الحُرُماتِsanctities وَالأَستارِand veils
وَالبَيتِ ذي الحُرُماتِ وَالأَستارِ
And I have solemnly sworn by the Lord of Moses,
And truly I swore by the Lord of Moses, struggling
and by the House with its sanctities and veils,
By the sacrosanct house and its curtains
وَبِكُلِّand by every مُبتَهِلٍsuppliant عَلَيهِupon him مُسوحُهُhis sackcloth robes
وَبِكُلِّ مُبتَهِلٍ عَلَيهِ مُسوحُهُ
دونَbeneath السَماءِthe sky مُسَبِّحٍpraising God جَأَّرِcrying aloud
دونَ السَماءِ مُسَبِّحٍ جَأَّرِ
and by every suppliant clad in his sackcloth robes,
And by all humble worshippers glorifying Him
beneath the sky, loudly crying God's praise:
Beneath the heavens with loud chanting
لَأُحَبِّرَنI shall surely embellish لِاِبنِfor the son of الخَليفَةِthe caliph مِدحَةًa praise-poem
لَأُحَبِّرَن لِاِبنِ الخَليفَةِ مِدحَةً
وَلَأَقذِفَنَّand I shall surely cast بِهاit إِلىto الأَمصارِthe cities
وَلَأَقذِفَنَّ بِها إِلى الأَمصارِ
I shall surely craft a splendid praise-poem for the caliph's son,
I shall versify praise for the Caliph’s son
and shall surely cast it abroad to the cities.
And hurl it to all regions
قَرمٌa lordly stallion تَمَهَّلَmoved unhurriedly فيamong أُمَيَّةَUmayya لَمnot يَكُنwas
قَرمٌ تَمَهَّلَ في أُمَيَّةَ لَم يَكُن
فيهاamong them بِذيone with أُبَنٍblemishes وَلاnor خَوّارِa fainthearted weakling
فيها بِذي أُبَنٍ وَلا خَوّارِ
A lordly stallion who strode at ease among Umayya, never
A tribe lingered in Umayyah, among them
a man of blemishes among them, nor a fainthearted weakling.
Were no people of insight or skill
نَبَتَتgrew قَناتُكَyour spear-shaft مِنهُمُfrom them فيin أُسرَةٍa family
نَبَتَت قَناتُكَ مِنهُمُ في أُسرَةٍ
بيضِwhite الوُجوهِof face مَصالِتٍdauntless أَخيارِvirtuous
بيضِ الوُجوهِ مَصالِتٍ أَخيارِ
Your spear-shaft grew from them, within a family
Your ancestry sprouted among them in a family
of bright-faced, dauntless, virtuous men.
Of bright faces, righteous and virtuous
جُهَراءُconspicuous بِالمَعروفِin good deeds حينَwhen تَراهُمُyou see them
جُهَراءُ بِالمَعروفِ حينَ تَراهُمُ
حُلَماءُforbearing غَيرُnot تَنابِلٍsluggards أَشرارِwicked
حُلَماءُ غَيرُ تَنابِلٍ أَشرارِ
Conspicuous in goodness whenever you see them,
Open with good when you see them
forbearing, not wicked sluggards.
Wise, not conceitedly wicked
قَومٌa people إِذاwhen بَسَطَspread out الإِلَهُGod رَبيعَهُمtheir springtime
قَومٌ إِذا بَسَطَ الإِلَهُ رَبيعَهُم
جادَتpoured lavishly رَحاهُits cloud-wheel بِمُسبِلٍwith pouring rain دَرّارِcopious
جادَت رَحاهُ بِمُسبِلٍ دَرّارِ
A people for whom, when God unfolds their springtime,
A people - when God spreads their springtime
its cloud-wheel pours down streaming, copious rain.
His mercy rains on them in a pouring stream
وَإِذاand when أُريدَwas sought بِهِمthrough them عُقوبَةَpunishment of فاجِرٍa wicked man
وَإِذا أُريدَ بِهِم عُقوبَةَ فاجِرٍ
مَطَرَتrained صَواعِقُهُمtheir thunderbolts عَلَيهِupon him بِنارِwith fire
مَطَرَت صَواعِقُهُم عَلَيهِ بِنارِ
And when they are called upon to punish a wicked man,
And when punishment of a sinner is intended
their thunderbolts rain fire upon him.
Their lightning bolts strike him with fire
قَومٌa people هُمُthey themselves نالواattained التَمامَperfection وَأَزحَفَتand faltered
قَومٌ هُمُ نالوا التَمامَ وَأَزحَفَت
وَعَنهُand short of it مَذارِعُarms آخَرينَothers قِصارِshort
وَعَنهُ مَذارِعُ آخَرينَ قِصارِ
A people who attained perfection; faltering
A people who attained completeness as others’
far short of it were the short arms of others.
Fields of endeavor diminished small
وَأَبوكَand your father صاحِبُthe leading figure of يَومِthe day of أَذرُحَAdhruh إِذwhen أَبىrefused الthe
وَأَبوكَ صاحِبُ يَومِ أَذرُحَ إِذ أَبى ال
حَكَمانِtwo arbiters غَيرَanything but تَهايُبٍmutual fear وَضِرارِand mutual harm
حَكَمانِ غَيرَ تَهايُبٍ وَضِرارِ
And your father was the man of Adhruh's day, when the
And your father on the day of Adhruh when he refused
two arbiters refused anything but mutual fear and harm.
Any rule but openness and harm
لَمّاwhen تُبُحِّثَتِwere unearthed الضَغائِنُthe grudges بَينَهُمbetween them
لَمّا تُبُحِّثَتِ الضَغائِنُ بَينَهُم
أَفضىwent forth وَسارَand marched بِجَحفَلٍwith a mighty host جَرّارِfar-stretching
أَفضى وَسارَ بِجَحفَلٍ جَرّارِ
When the grudges between them were unearthed,
When enmities stirred between them
he went forth and marched with a mighty, far-stretching host.
He marched with a great army
وَأَهَلَّand raised his cry إِذwhen غَنَطَsorely troubled العَدُوَّthe enemy بِفَيلَقٍwith an army
وَأَهَلَّ إِذ غَنَطَ العَدُوَّ بِفَيلَقٍ
تَحتَbeneath الأَشاءِthe young palms عَريضَةِbroad الآثارِthe traces
تَحتَ الأَشاءِ عَريضَةِ الآثارِ
And he raised his cry as he harried the foe with an army,
And readied when the enemy took pride in regiments
beneath the young palms whose traces spread wide.
Under banners spreading wide traces
حَتّىuntil رَأَوهُthey saw him بِجَنبِbeside مَسكِنَMaskin مُعلِماًwearing battle insignia
حَتّى رَأَوهُ بِجَنبِ مَسكِنَ مُعلِماً
وَالخَيلُand the horses جاذِيَةٌstanding poised عَلىalong الأَقتارِthe flanks
وَالخَيلُ جاذِيَةٌ عَلى الأَقتارِ
Until they saw him beside Maskin, wearing his battle-mark,
Until they saw him by the teacher’s dwelling
while the horses stood poised along the flanks.
As the horses trampled the hills
وَلَقَدand indeed تَناوَلتَyou struck القُعورَal-Qu'ur بِضَربَةٍwith a blow
وَلَقَد تَناوَلتَ القُعورَ بِضَربَةٍ
وَبَنيand the sons of أَبيAbu بَكرٍBakr ذَويpossessing الأَصهارِmarriage ties
وَبَني أَبي بَكرٍ ذَوي الأَصهارِ
And you indeed struck al-Qu'ur with a blow,
And you grasped the heights with one strike
and Banu Abi Bakr, bound by marriage ties.
And the clan of Abu Bakr, your in-laws
وَرِجالُand the men of عَبدِAbd القَيسِal-Qays تَحتَbeneath نُحورِهاtheir chests
وَرِجالُ عَبدِ القَيسِ تَحتَ نُحورِها
كانواwere لَهاfor them جَزَراًslaughtered prey مِنَamong الأَجزارِslaughtered beasts
كانوا لَها جَزَراً مِنَ الأَجزارِ
And the men of Abd al-Qays, beneath the horses' chests,
And Abd Al-Qays’s men beneath them
were carcasses for them, among the slaughtered.
Were like prey for them from amongst the prey
وَعَلىand against خُزاعَةَKhuza'a وَالسُكونِand al-Sukun تَعَطَّفَتthey wheeled
وَعَلى خُزاعَةَ وَالسُكونِ تَعَطَّفَت
وَأَصابَهُمand struck them ظُفُرٌa claw مِنَamong الأَظفارِthe claws
وَأَصابَهُم ظُفُرٌ مِنَ الأَظفارِ
Against Khuza'a and al-Sukun the horses wheeled,
And upon Khaza’ah and the stillness they turned
and a claw among claws struck them.
And were granted victory by some claws
وَالخَيلُand the horses تَمشُقُtore away عَنهُمُfrom them أَسلابَهُمtheir spoils
وَالخَيلُ تَمشُقُ عَنهُمُ أَسلابَهُم
فيin كُلِّevery مُعتَرَكٍbattlefield وَكُلِّand every مُغارِraid
في كُلِّ مُعتَرَكٍ وَكُلِّ مُغارِ
And the horses tore their spoils away from them,
As their horses tore away their garments
in every battlefield and every raid.
In each battleground and every cave
حَتّىuntil إِذاwhen عَلِمَknew الإِلَهُGod نَكالَهُhis chastisement
حَتّى إِذا عَلِمَ الإِلَهُ نَكالَهُ
وَتَصاغَرواand they humbled themselves لِلحَربِbefore war أَيَّutter صَغارِabasement
وَتَصاغَروا لِلحَربِ أَيَّ صَغارِ
Until, when God knew his chastisement,
Until when God knew His vengeance
and they humbled themselves before war—utterly abased—
And they shrunk from war, how very small
حَقَنَstaunched الدِماءَthe blood وَرَدَّand restored أُلفَتَهُمtheir unity لَهُمto them
حَقَنَ الدِماءَ وَرَدَّ أُلفَتَهُم لَهُم
وَجَزاهُمُand repaid them بِالعُرفِwith kindness وَالإِنكارِand censure
وَجَزاهُمُ بِالعُرفِ وَالإِنكارِ
he stopped the bloodshed and restored their unity to them,
He spared blood and restored their harmony
and repaid them with kindness and censure.
And rewarded them with honor and prevention
شُدَّتwere tightened رَحائِلُsaddles خَيلِهِof his horses وَتَكَشَّفَتand revealed
شُدَّت رَحائِلُ خَيلِهِ وَتَكَشَّفَت
عَنهُfrom him الحُروبُthe wars بِفارِسٍas a horseman مِغوارِa bold raider
عَنهُ الحُروبُ بِفارِسٍ مِغوارِ
His horses' saddles were tightened, and the wars revealed
The tethers of his horses were loosened and wars
in him a bold, raiding horseman,
Uncovered before him with a conquering knight
بِأَغَرَّwith a radiant man ماnot وَلَدَbore النِساءُwomen شَبيهُهُhis like
بِأَغَرَّ ما وَلَدَ النِساءُ شَبيهُهُ
أَحَداًanyone عَلِقنَthey conceived بِهِhim عَلىduring الأَطهارِperiods of purity
أَحَداً عَلِقنَ بِهِ عَلى الأَطهارِ
a radiant man, whose like no women have borne—
The fairest women bore one resembling him
no child they conceived in their times of purity.
Upon whom the chaste doted in longing
تَسموrise العُيونُthe eyes إِلىtoward عَزيزٍunapproachable بابُهُhis gate
تَسمو العُيونُ إِلى عَزيزٍ بابُهُ
مُعطىendowed with المَهابَةِawe نافِعٍbringing benefit ضَرّارِdealing harm
مُعطى المَهابَةِ نافِعٍ ضَرّارِ
Eyes lift toward one whose gate is hard to approach,
Eyes look up to the dear one whose door
endowed with awe, bringing benefit and dealing harm.
Grants awe, benefits, and harms
وَتَرىand you see عَلَيهِupon him إِذاwhen العُيونُthe eyes شَزَرنَهُlooked at him askance
وَتَرى عَلَيهِ إِذا العُيونُ شَزَرنَهُ
سيماthe mark of الحَليمِthe forbearing man وَهَيبَةَand the awe of الجَبّارِthe mighty man
سيما الحَليمِ وَهَيبَةَ الجَبّارِ
And you see upon him, when eyes look at him askance,
And you see on him when eyes incite him
the mark of a forbearing man and the awe of a mighty one.
The traits of the Clement and awe of the Almighty
وَلَقَدand indeed أُناجيI confide to النَفسَthe soul لَمّاwhen شَفَّهاwore it thin
وَلَقَد أُناجي النَفسَ لَمّا شَفَّها
خَوفُfear الجَنانِthe heart وَرَهبَةُand dread of الإِقتارِdestitution
خَوفُ الجَنانِ وَرَهبَةُ الإِقتارِ
And I whisper to my soul, when it is worn thin
And truly I spoke to myself when fear of hellfire
by fear in the heart and dread of destitution,
And dread of wretchedness alarmed me, by
بِأَبيabout Abu سُلَيمانَSulayman الَّذيwho لَولاwere it not for يَدٌa helping hand
بِأَبي سُلَيمانَ الَّذي لَولا يَدٌ
مِنهُfrom him عَلِقتُI hung بِظَهرِon the back of أَحدَبَhumpbacked عاريbare
مِنهُ عَلِقتُ بِظَهرِ أَحدَبَ عاري
of Abu Sulayman, without whose helping hand
My father Suleiman - had it not been for a hand
I would have hung on the back of a bare, bowed trunk.
From him I’d be hung on a humpbacked bare camel
وَإِذاًand then دُفِعتُI was thrust إِلىinto زَناءٍnarrow بابُهاits entrance
وَإِذاً دُفِعتُ إِلى زَناءٍ بابُها
غَبراءَdusty مُظلِمَةٍdark مِنَamong الأَجفارِthe pits
غَبراءَ مُظلِمَةٍ مِنَ الأَجفارِ
And then I would have been thrust into a narrow-mouthed
And then handed to an adulteress whose door
dusty, dark pit among the pits.
Was dusty, gloomy, blocked from sight
لَولاwere it not for فَواضِلُهُhis bounties غَداةَthe morning لَقيتُهُI met him
لَولا فَواضِلُهُ غَداةَ لَقيتُهُ
بِالجُدِّat al-Judd شابَturned gray مَسائِحيmy side-locks وَعِذاريand my sideburns
بِالجُدِّ شابَ مَسائِحي وَعِذاري
But for his bounty, on the morning I met him
Had it not been for his mediations one morning when
at al-Judd, my side-locks and sideburns would have grayed,
I met him solemnly, a youth in my prime
مِنfrom مَعشَرٍa band حَنقينَfurious لَولاwere it not for أَنتُمُyou all
مِن مَعشَرٍ حَنقينَ لَولا أَنتُمُ
ياO اِبنَson of الخَليفَةِthe caliph ماnot شَدَدتُI tied إِزاريmy waistcloth
يا اِبنَ الخَليفَةِ ما شَدَدتُ إِزاري
from a band of furious men. But for you,
From a hostile group - had it not been for you
O son of the caliph, I would not have tied my waistcloth.
O son of the Caliph, I'd not have tightened my waistband
وَالشافِعونَand the intercessors مُغَيِّبونَhiding وُجوهثهُمtheir faces
وَالشافِعونَ مُغَيِّبونَ وُجوهثهُم
زَرِموhalting in المَقالَةِspeech ناكِسوlowering الأَبصارِthe eyes
زَرِمو المَقالَةِ ناكِسو الأَبصارِ
And the intercessors were hiding their faces,
As defenders are absent, hiding their faces
halting in speech, with their eyes cast down,
Silent in speech, downcast in sight
غَيرَexcept اِبنِIbn أَحمَرَAhmar شاهِديstanding by me بِنَصيحَةٍwith loyal counsel
غَيرَ اِبنِ أَحمَرَ شاهِدي بِنَصيحَةٍ
وَحَمىand guarded اِبنُIbn أَحمَرَAhmar بِالمَغيبِin my absence ذِماريmy honor
وَحَمى اِبنُ أَحمَرَ بِالمَغيبِ ذِماري
except Ibn Ahmar, who stood by me with loyal counsel;
Except for Ibn Ahmar who witnessed advising me
and Ibn Ahmar guarded my honor in my absence.
And Ibn Ahmar protected my absence from blame
وَأَخٌand a brother بِهِthrough him جَلَتِcleared البَوارِحُthe fierce winds إِذwhen جَرَتblew
وَأَخٌ بِهِ جَلَتِ البَوارِحُ إِذ جَرَت
أَجبالَthe mountains of تَدمُرَTadmur مِنof دُجىًdarkness وَغُبارِand dust
أَجبالَ تَدمُرَ مِن دُجىً وَغُبارِ
And a brother through whom the fierce winds, as they blew, cleared
And a brother whose limbs were drained when the mountains
Tadmur's mountains of darkness and dust.
Of Tadmor flowed in night and dust
يَكفيsafeguards إِذاwhen شَهِدَis present العَدُوُّthe enemy بِنَفسِهِin his own person
يَكفي إِذا شَهِدَ العَدُوُّ بِنَفسِهِ
غَيبيmy absence وَيُطلِعُنيand informs me عَلىof الأَسرارِthe secrets
غَيبي وَيُطلِعُني عَلى الأَسرارِ
He safeguards, when the enemy appears in person,
It suffices when the enemy himself testifies
my interests in my absence, and lets me into secrets.
To my absence, informing me of secrets
فَهُوَfor he الخَليلُthe friend إِذاwhen تَنَكَّرَturned cold بَعضُهُمsome of them
فَهُوَ الخَليلُ إِذا تَنَكَّرَ بَعضُهُم
دونَapart from الخَليلِthe friend وَهَمَّand intended بِالإِدبارِto turn away
دونَ الخَليلِ وَهَمَّ بِالإِدبارِ
For he is the friend when some of them turn cold,
For he is the friend though some of them disguise
drawing back from their friend and thinking of retreat.
Themselves, less than a friend, and consider fleeing
Sol 6.1