أماLo, introducing an oath وزهرby the bright الأنجمthe stars
أما وزهر الأنجم
وطولand by the length of ليلthe night of المغرمthe enamored lover
وطول ليل المغرم
By the stars in their bloom,
Lo, by the shining stars,
and the long night of the love-stricken,
and the length of the enamored lover's night,
وماand what شكاcomplained of أهلthe people of الهوىlove
وما شكا أهل الهوى
منfrom الجوىlovesickness واللوّمand the reproachers
من الجوى واللوّم
and all that the people of passion have suffered
and the complaints of lovers
from burning love and reproach—
of lovesickness and reproachers;
بلnay والمقامand by the Station والحطيمand the Hatim
بل والمقام والحطيم
والحجيجand by the pilgrim host الأعظمthe greatest
والحجيج الأعظم
nay, by the Maqam and the Hatim,
nay, by the Station and the Hatim,
and the mighty throng of pilgrims,
and the mightiest pilgrim host,
والمروتينand the two Marwas وثبيرand Thabir
والمروتين وثبير
ومنىًand Mina وزمزمand Zamzam
ومنىً وزمزم
and al-Marwatayn and Thabir,
and the two Marwas and Thabir,
and Mina and Zamzam,
and Mina and Zamzam,
والمشعرand the ritual landmark الحرامsacred
والمشعر الحرام
والبيتand the House العتيقancient الأكرمmost honored
والبيت العتيق الأكرم
and the Sacred Monument,
and the Sacred Landmark,
and the Ancient, most noble House—
and the ancient, most honored House:
لقدindeed أضعتَyou squandered العمرlife فيin
لقد أضعتَ العمر في
زهوvanity ولهوand diversion فأندمso regret it
زهو ولهو فأندم
you have squandered your life
you have indeed squandered your life in
in vanity and diversion: repent!
vanity and diversion—so regret it.
فكمso how often ركبتyou rode للمعاfor sins (first part)
فكم ركبت للمعا
صىsins (completion) متنthe back of ليلa night أدهمpitch-black
صى متن ليل أدهم
How often, toward acts of diso-
How often you rode, to commit
bedience, you mounted a pitch-black night;
sins, on the back of a pitch-black night;
وكمand how often جنيتyou gathered جهرةopenly
وكم جنيت جهرة
منof لذةpleasure لمnot تدمlast
من لذة لم تدم
how much you openly gathered
and how often you openly gathered
from pleasure that did not last;
pleasures that did not last;
وكمand how many فتاةa girl قدindeed دعوcalled (verb stem)
وكم فتاة قد دعو
تyou (verb ending) للهوىto love لمnot تحجمshe held back
ت للهوى لم تحجم
how many a maiden you invited
and how many a girl you called
to love, and she did not hold back;
to love, who did not hold back;
وكمand how often توسدتyou used as a pillow منamong الthe
وكم توسدت من ال
حسانbeautiful women أبهىthe loveliest معصمwrist
حسان أبهى معصم
how often you pillowed yourself upon a
and how often you made your pillow, among
beauty’s most splendid wrist.
beautiful women, of the loveliest wrist.
صادتshe captured فؤادthe heart of أصيدa proud man
صادت فؤاد أصيد
منfrom قبلهاbefore her لمnot يكلمbe wounded
من قبلها لم يكلم
She captured the heart of a proud man
She captured a proud man's heart,
whom none before her had wounded—
never wounded before her.
هيفاءslender-waisted تمشىshe walks مرحاgaily
هيفاء تمشى مرحا
منfrom عزةthe pride of التنعمpampered ease
من عزة التنعم
slender-waisted, walking gaily
Slender-waisted, she walks gaily
in the pride of luxury,
in the pride of pampered ease;
مديمةcontinually maintaining الدلالcoquetry والإand admiration (first part)
مديمة الدلال والإ
عجابadmiration (completion) والتبسمand smiling
عجاب والتبسم
ceaseless in coquetry and en-
ever coquettish, forever winning
chantment, wonder, and smiling;
admiration, and smiling;
غيداءa graceful woman ذاتhaving شعَرhair
غيداء ذات شعَر
مرجلcombed ململمgathered up
مرجل ململم
a tender maiden with hair
a graceful woman with hair
crisp-curled and clustered,
combed and gathered up,
شعرhair بلونof the color of مذهبsomething gilded
شعر بلون مذهب
أملسsmooth كالإبريسمlike silk
أملس كالإبريسم
hair the color of gilt,
hair of a golden hue,
smooth as silk;
smooth as silk;
ووجهand a face بدرa full moon فيin دجىthe darkness of
ووجه بدر في دجى
ثوبِa gown حريرsilk أسحمjet-black
ثوبِ حرير أسحم
and a full-moon face within the darkness
and a face like the full moon in the darkness
of a jet-black silken robe;
of a jet-black silk gown;
وأعينٍand eyes تذيبmelt قلـheart (first part)
وأعينٍ تذيب قلـ
ـبheart (completion) الفارسthe knight المستلئمarmored
ـب الفارس المستلئم
and eyes that melt the
and eyes that melt the
heart of the armored horseman.
heart of an armored knight.
ماhow أحسنbeautiful الأضدادthe contrasts فيin
ما أحسن الأضداد في
هذاthis الجمالbeauty المحكمperfectly wrought
هذا الجمال المحكم
How lovely the contrasts are
How lovely are the contrasts in
in this perfected beauty:
this perfectly wrought beauty:
خصرa waist نحيلslender لينsupple
خصر نحيل لين
علىabove ثقيلheavy مفعمfull
على ثقيل مفعم
a slender, supple waist
a slender, supple waist
above a heavy, voluptuous form.
above heavy, ample hips.
تفِتنshe beguiles فيduring الصلاةprayer قلـheart (first part)
تفِتن في الصلاة قلـ
ـبheart (completion) الراهبthe monk المصممsteadfast
ـب الراهب المصمم
During prayer she beguiles the
She beguiles, at prayer, the
heart of the resolute monk.
heart of a steadfast monk;
ورأيهاand her view أنthat قتيلone slain by الحـlove (first part)
ورأيها أن قتيل الحـ
ـبlove (completion) مطلولunavenged الدمthe blood
ـب مطلول الدم
Her creed is that one slain by
and she holds that one slain by
love leaves blood unavenged.
love dies with his blood unavenged.
ولمand not تصادفshe encountered إِبِلاcamels
ولم تصادف إِبِلا
تسفmunching حبseeds of الخِمخِمkhimkhim, a plant
تسف حب الخِمخِم
She had never come upon camels
She has never come upon camels
nibbling khimkhim seeds;
munching khimkhim seeds;
لمnot تبكshe wept منfrom ذكرىthe memory of طلوruins (first part)
لم تبك من ذكرى طلو
لruins (completion) قدalready عفتwere effaced وأرسمand traces
ل قد عفت وأرسم
she never wept at the memory of ru-
she has never wept at the memory of
ins and traces that had been effaced;
ruins and traces long effaced;
ولمand not تعاينshe saw ديسماa bear cub
ولم تعاين ديسما
يعدواrunning وراءafter شيهمa porcupine
يعدوا وراء شيهم
nor had she beheld Daysam
nor has she seen a bear cub
running behind Shiham.
running after a porcupine;
لمnot تدرshe knew أنthat عنتراAntar
لم تدر أن عنترا
توعدthreatened ابنىthe two sons of ضمضمDamdam
توعد ابنى ضمضم
She did not know that Antarah
she did not know that Antar
threatened the two sons of Damdam;
threatened the two sons of Damdam;
وعمرَهاand throughout her life ماnever سمعتshe heard
وعمرَها ما سمعت
بالقشعمof al-Qash'am بنson of الأرقمal-Arqam
بالقشعم بن الأرقم
all her life she had never heard
and never in her life has she heard
of al-Qash‘am ibn al-Arqam,
of al-Qash'am ibn al-Arqam,
ولاnor بمنof those whom فرقهمscattered them
ولا بمن فرقهم
حادثthe calamity of سيلthe flood of العرمal-Arim
حادث سيل العرم
nor of those whom
nor of those scattered
the calamity of al-‘Arim’s flood dispersed,
by the calamity of the flood of al-Arim,
ولاnor بحكمof the ruling of عمرUmar
ولا بحكم عمر
فيconcerning لطمةthe slap of ابنIbn, son of الأيهمal-Ayham
في لطمة ابن الأيهم
nor of Umar’s judgment
nor of Umar's ruling
in the matter of Ibn al-Ayham’s slap,
on Ibn al-Ayham's slap,
ولاnor بقتلةof the killing of الإمامthe Imam
ولا بقتلة الإمام
منfrom يدthe hand of ابنIbn, son of ملجمMuljam
من يد ابن ملجم
nor of the Imam’s killing
nor of the Imam's murder
at the hand of Ibn Muljam.
at the hand of Ibn Muljam.
لمnot تشربshe drank الصفراءyellow wine فيin
لم تشرب الصفراء في
الدّباءgourd vessels أوor فيin الحنتمearthenware jars
الدّباء أو في الحنتم
She never drank the yellow wine from
She has not drunk yellow wine from
gourds or earthen wine-jars.
gourds or earthenware jars;
تهزأshe scoffs بالقانونat law والطـand medicine (first part)
تهزأ بالقانون والطـ
ـبmedicine (completion) وسيرand the courses of الأنجمthe stars
ـب وسير الأنجم
She mocks law and medi-
she scoffs at law and
cine and the courses of the stars,
medicine and the courses of the stars,
وساسةand the statesmen of الدنياthe world وتاand history (first part)
وساسة الدنيا وتا
ريخhistory (completion) الزمانtimes الأقدمthe earliest
ريخ الزمان الأقدم
the rulers of the world and the
and the world's statesmen, and the
history of time primeval,
history of the earliest times,
وسيبويهand Sibawayh النحوgrammar والـand the
وسيبويه النحو والـ
ـشنتمرِىّShantamari الأعلمal-A'lam
ـشنتمرِىّ الأعلم
Sibawayh, grammar, and al-
and grammar's Sibawayh, and
Shantamari the most learned,
al-Shantamari al-A'lam,
وكلand every شاعرpoet قديمancient الـthe
وكل شاعر قديم الـ
ـعصرage أوor مخضرمa poet spanning pre-Islamic and Islamic times
ـعصر أو مخضرم
and every poet ancient in
and every poet from ancient
age or poised between two eras.
times, or spanning the pre-Islamic and Islamic ages.
قابلتهاI met her مقبِّلاkissing
قابلتها مقبِّلا
لليدto the hand منهاof hers والفمand the mouth
لليد منها والفم
I met her, kissing
I met her, kissing
her hand and her mouth,
her hand and mouth;
ونحسand the ill fortune of بختىmy luck غابvanished حيـwhere (first part)
ونحس بختى غاب حيـ
ـثwhere (completion) رحلthe camp of أمUmm, Mother of قشعمQash'am
ـث رحل أم قشعم
and my ill-starred fortune vanished whe-
and my ill fortune vanished where
re Umm Qash‘am had departed.
Umm Qash'am's camp lay;
وألسنand the tongues of العزالthe reproachers خُرmute (first part)
وألسن العزال خُر
سmute (completion) والرقيبand the watcher قدalready عمىwent blind
س والرقيب قد عمى
The tongues of the reproachers fell si-
and the tongues of reproachers fell
lent, and the watcher went blind.
silent, and the watcher went blind.
والثلجand the snow يحكىresembles فيin الهوىthe air, here
والثلج يحكى في الهوى
نطافdroplets قطنcotton ترتمىbeing tossed
نطاف قطن ترتمى
Snow in the air resembles
And the snow in the air resembled
tufts of cotton being tossed.
droplets of cotton being tossed;
قدalready فرشspread الأرضthe earth بساa carpet (first part)
قد فرش الأرض بسا
طاcarpet (completion) ناصعاbrilliantly white لمnot يرقمpatterned
طا ناصعا لم يرقم
It carpeted the earth with a
it had spread over the earth a
dazzling, unpatterned carpet.
brilliant white, unpatterned carpet.
تسوخsinks فيin أوحالهits slush
تسوخ في أوحاله
رِجلthe foot of القوىّthe strong man المحكمsturdy
رِجل القوىّ المحكم
Into its mire sinks
In its slush sinks
the firm strong man’s foot,
the foot of a strong, sturdy man;
وتزلقand slip الأطفالthe children والـand the
وتزلق الأطفال والـ
ـشيوخold people عندwhen المقدمstepping forward
ـشيوخ عند المقدم
and children slip, as do
and children slip, and so do the
old men when they advance.
old, when they step forward;
وكلand every غصنbranch مائلbent
وكل غصن مائل
بالثلجunder the snow أوor مقوّمstraightened
بالثلج أو مقوّم
Every branch droops
and every branch bends
with snow, or is straightened by it,
beneath the snow, or stands upright,
كأشيبٍlike a gray-haired man منamong الفِرِthe Franks (first part)
كأشيبٍ من الفِرِ
نجFranks (completion) منحنbent over مسلمoffering a greeting
نج منحن مسلم
like a white-haired Frank,
like a gray-haired man among the
bowed and submissive,
Franks, bowing in greeting;
أوor عربيan Arab شاحبٍpale
أو عربي شاحبٍ
بأبيضٍin white معممturbaned
بأبيضٍ معمم
or a pale Arab
or a pale Arab,
turbaned in white.
turbaned in white.
قلتI said لهاto her مسلّماin greeting
قلت لها مسلّما
كُمَّنhow, French comment سَقَاare you, French ça va ماmy, French ma شيرامىdear friend, French chère amie
كُمَّن سَقَا ما شيرامى
I said to her in greeting:
I said to her in greeting:
“Comment ça va, ma chère amie?”
“How are you, my dear friend?”
صفاgrew fair الزمانtime لحظةfor a moment
صفا الزمان لحظة
لمغرمfor an enamored lover متيمenslaved by love
لمغرم متيم
Time grew clear for one moment
Time grew fair for a moment
for a love-stricken, infatuated man.
to a lovesick, enthralled lover.
قطعتI severed وصلconnection with الغانياthe beautiful women (first part)
قطعت وصل الغانيا
تwomen (plural ending) قطعlike cutting حبلa cord مبرمtightly twisted
ت قطع حبل مبرم
I severed union with fair maid-
I severed my bonds with lovely
ens as one cuts a tightly twisted rope.
women, as one cuts a tightly twisted cord.
لاهُمَّO God عفواpardon عنfor عُبيـa humble servant (first part)
لاهُمَّ عفوا عن عُبيـ
ـدservant (completion) مستجيرseeking refuge مجرمsinful
ـد مستجير مجرم
O God, pardon your serv-
O God, pardon a humble
ant, a guilty supplicant seeking refuge.
servant—a sinner seeking refuge.
الحقtruth صعبhard طعمهits taste
الحق صعب طعمه
مرّbitter كطعمlike the taste of العلقمcolocynth
مرّ كطعم العلقم
Truth is hard in taste,
Truth is hard to taste,
bitter as colocynth.
bitter as the taste of colocynth.
منwhoever ماتdies ماتis dead وانتهىand is finished
من مات مات وانتهى
ومنand whoever يعمرlives long يهرمgrows old
ومن يعمر يهرم
Whoever dies, dies and is done;
Whoever dies is dead, and that is the end;
whoever lives long grows old.
and whoever lives long grows old.
ومنand whoever يخافfears الموتdeath هلquestion marker
ومن يخاف الموت هل
ينجوescapes منfrom المحتمthe inevitable
ينجو من المحتم
Can one who fears death
And can one who fears death
escape the inevitable?
escape what is inevitable?
ومand whoever (truncated) يردseeks إحياءto revive غدbetrayals (first part)
وم يرد إحياء غد
راتِbetrayals (completion) الزمانtime يسأمgrows weary
راتِ الزمان يسأم
Whoever would revive the treach-
And whoever seeks to revive
eries of time grows weary.
time's betrayals will grow weary.
المالwealth ظلa shadow زائلpassing
المال ظل زائل
والجهلand ignorance موتthe death of الأممnations
والجهل موت الأمم
Wealth is a vanishing shadow,
Wealth is a passing shadow;
and ignorance is the death of nations.
and ignorance is the death of nations.
Sol 6.1