ياO مالِكاًruler عَنَتِbowed الوجوهُthe faces لِعزّهِto his might
يا مالِكاً عَنَتِ الوجوهُ لِعزّهِ
وتَواضعتْand humbled themselves لجِلالهِbefore his majesty الأَعناقُthe necks
وتَواضعتْ لجِلالهِ الأَعناقُ
O ruler, before whose might faces bowed,
O ruler, the faces yield to your might
and necks humbled themselves before his majesty!
And the necks bow down before your majesty
تأتيyou come فتعثرُso you stumble بالطُّبولِover the drums وربّماand sometimes
تأتي فتعثرُ بالطُّبولِ وربّما
عثرتstumbled بهاover them وبركبكَand over your cavalcade الأبواقُthe trumpets
عثرت بها وبركبكَ الأبواقُ
You come and stumble over drums; and sometimes
You come and the drums stumble over you, sometimes
the trumpets stumble over them and your cavalcade.
Even the heralds and your mount stumble over you
وإذاand when رَحلتَyou saddle لآخرينfor others مَطيّةًa mount
وإذا رَحلتَ لآخرين مَطيّةً
فَرِحالُهاthen its saddles الأسماعُthe ears والأحداقُand the eyes
فَرِحالُها الأسماعُ والأحداقُ
And when you saddle a mount for others,
And when you travel as a comfortable ride for others
then its saddles are ears and eyes.
Their ears and sights are the saddles and stirrups
أَوَand is it that كلّماwhenever ذَهبتْwent رِكابُكَyour mounts أوor أَتتْcame
أَوَ كلّما ذَهبتْ رِكابُكَ أو أَتتْ
رَجفَtrembled الزّمانُtime وضجّتِand clamoured الآفاقُthe horizons
رَجفَ الزّمانُ وضجّتِ الآفاقُ
And whenever your mounts go or come,
Or whenever your procession goes or comes
does time tremble and the horizons clamour?
The time trembles and the horizons clamor
هَفتِrushed eagerly الجُموعُthe crowds ولوand if أَذِنْتَyou gave leave لِغيرِهاto others besides them
هَفتِ الجُموعُ ولو أَذِنْتَ لِغيرِها
طارتflew إليكto you الدُّورُthe houses والأسواقُand the marketplaces
طارت إليك الدُّورُ والأسواقُ
The crowds rushed forth; and had you given leave to others,
The multitudes gape in awe, and if you allowed others
the houses and marketplaces would have flown to you.
The abodes and markets would fly to you
تلكthat الحفاوةُthe homage لوif أفادَwere of use تصنُّعٌpretence
تلك الحفاوةُ لو أفادَ تصنُّعٌ
وأعزَّand exalted شأنَthe standing of الحاكمينthe rulers نِفاقُhypocrisy
وأعزَّ شأنَ الحاكمين نِفاقُ
Such homage—if pretence were of any use,
Such deference, if pretense brought it about
and hypocrisy exalted the standing of rulers!
And hypocrisy exalted the status of rulers
لوif كنتَyou were فيin غيرِother than الكنانةِKinana (Egypt) ماnot احْتَفتْpaid homage
لو كنتَ في غيرِ الكنانةِ ما احْتَفتْ
إلاexcept بكَto you الأغلالُthe shackles والأطواقُand the neck-fetters
إلا بكَ الأغلالُ والأطواقُ
Were you anywhere but Kinana, homage would be paid
If not for your kindness, only shackles and halters
to you alone by shackles and neck-fetters.
Would celebrate you
لَكَyours منamong مَساوِيthe evils of الحُكمrule كلُّevery كبيرةٍgrave offense
لَكَ من مَساوِي الحُكم كلُّ كبيرةٍ
رِيعَتْwere appalled لهاby it الأقلامُthe pens والأوراقُand the pages
رِيعَتْ لها الأقلامُ والأوراقُ
Every enormity among the evils of rule is yours,
For you, every great wrongdoing
at which pens and pages stood aghast.
The pens and papers acquiesce to
الظُّلمُinjustice دِينٌa creed والتعسُّفُand arbitrary oppression شِرعةٌa law
الظُّلمُ دِينٌ والتعسُّفُ شِرعةٌ
والغَدْرُand treachery عَهدٌa pledge والهَوىand whim ميثاقُa covenant
والغَدْرُ عَهدٌ والهَوى ميثاقُ
Injustice is a creed, and arbitrary oppression a law;
Oppression is religion, tyranny is law
and treachery is a pledge, and whim a covenant.
Betrayal is covenant, and desire is pact
يُدْليproffer إليكto you المجرمونthe criminals بِمالِهِمtheir money
يُدْلي إليك المجرمون بِمالِهِم
واللهand God ينظرُlooks on والدّمُand the blood المُهراقُthat has been shed
والله ينظرُ والدّمُ المُهراقُ
The criminals proffer their money to you,
The criminals pay you their money
and God looks on, and the spilled blood too.
While God watches and blood is shed
مُثْرٍa wealthy man يَدوسُtramples علىon الرُّؤوسِthe heads ومُعدَمٌand a destitute man
مُثْرٍ يَدوسُ على الرُّؤوسِ ومُعدَمٌ
يُودِيdestroys بِثابتِwhat is firmly established of حقِّهِhis right الإملاقُpoverty
يُودِي بِثابتِ حقِّهِ الإملاقُ
A wealthy man tramples on heads; as for a destitute man,
A dignitary tramples the heads while a disgraced man
poverty destroys his firmly established right.
Is finished off by the firmness of his rights
يَدعوكَcalls on you ذُوone with الرّكنِsupport الضَّعيفِweak لنصرهِto aid him
يَدعوكَ ذُو الرّكنِ الضَّعيفِ لنصرهِ
فتنوءُso you struggle to rise آونةًfor a while وتهوِيand gives way السّاقُthe leg
فتنوءُ آونةً وتهوِي السّاقُ
The man with weak support calls on you to aid him;
The one with the weak pillar calls you for aid
so you struggle to rise for a while, and your leg gives way.
And you falter for a time and the legs gives way
وإذاand when الوُلاةُthe governors إلىtowards الولائِمthe banquets أَمْعَنواpress on
وإذا الوُلاةُ إلى الولائِم أَمْعَنوا
رَكضاًat a run فأنتthen you are الأَبلجُthe bright-faced one السبَّاقُthe frontrunner
رَكضاً فأنت الأَبلجُ السبَّاقُ
And when the governors press on towards banquets,
And when the governors indulge excessively in feasts
at a run, you are the radiant frontrunner.
You are the swiftest steed in running to them
أنتyou العليمُthe well-informed one فَصِفْso describe لناfor us حُكمَthe rule of الهَوىdesire
أنت العليمُ فَصِفْ لنا حُكمَ الهَوى
وتَوجُّعَand the anguish of الوِجدانِconscience كيفَhow يُطاقُcan be borne
وتَوجُّعَ الوِجدانِ كيفَ يُطاقُ
You know so well; describe for us the rule of desire,
You are the knowledgeable one, describe for us the rule of passion
and the anguish of conscience—how can it be borne?
And the anguish of the heart, how can it be borne
خَصمانtwo adversaries يَعصفُrages بالمضاجعِthrough the beds منكماfrom you both
خَصمان يَعصفُ بالمضاجعِ منكما
تحتbeneath الظّلامِthe darkness تَغضُّبٌanger وشِقاقُand discord
تحت الظّلامِ تَغضُّبٌ وشِقاقُ
Two adversaries: through the beds there rage, from you both,
Two adversaries disturb the beds, from you both
beneath the darkness, anger and discord.
There is anger and conflict in the dark of night
سكنتgrew still قُلوبُthe hearts of الصّالحينthe righteous وماbut did not ارْعَوىrelent
سكنت قُلوبُ الصّالحين وما ارْعَوى
فوقupon الحَشِيَّةِthe mattress قلبُكَyour heart الخفّاقُthrobbing
فوق الحَشِيَّةِ قلبُكَ الخفّاقُ
The hearts of the righteous grew still, yet it did not relent—
The hearts of the righteous are tranquil, and have not envied
your throbbing heart upon the mattress.
Above the mattress, your throbbing heart
يَنْفِيdrives away دبيبَthe creeping onset of النومِsleep حينwhen تَحسُّهُyou sense it
يَنْفِي دبيبَ النومِ حين تَحسُّهُ
همٌّworry يثورُsurges ولوعةٌand anguish تنساقُfollows
همٌّ يثورُ ولوعةٌ تنساقُ
The creeping onset of sleep, just when you sense it, is driven away
Which wakefulness drives out the creeping of sleep
by worry that surges and anguish that follows.
When it senses a swelling turmoil and overflowing distress
قدindeed كانwas ذلكthat ثمّthen ثابَreturned إليكماto you both
قد كان ذلك ثمّ ثابَ إليكما
بعدafter الخصامthe quarrel تآلفٌharmony ووِفاقُand accord
بعد الخصام تآلفٌ ووِفاقُ
That indeed was so; then there returned to you both,
That was so, then affection and harmony
after the quarrel, harmony and accord.
Returned to you both after the quarrel
وإذاand when تتابعتِfollowed one another الذُّنوبُthe sins علىupon امرءٍa person
وإذا تتابعتِ الذُّنوبُ على امرءٍ
سكنتgrew at ease إليهاwith them النّفسُthe soul والأخلاقُand moral character
سكنت إليها النّفسُ والأخلاقُ
And when sins follow one another upon a person,
And when sins upon a man accumulate
the soul and character grow at ease with them.
The soul and morals become accustomed to them
شرُّthe worst of الشُّعوبِthe peoples منin الحياةِlife مكانةًin standing
شرُّ الشُّعوبِ من الحياةِ مكانةً
شعبٌa people بأيديby the hands of الجاهلينthe ignorant يُساقُis driven
شعبٌ بأيدي الجاهلين يُساقُ
Of all peoples, the lowest station in life belongs to
The worst of peoples in station of life
a people driven by the hands of the ignorant.
Is a people led by the ignorant
الحكمُrule عندin the view of المصلحينthe reformers كفايةٌcompetence
الحكمُ عند المصلحين كفايةٌ
والعُرْفُand favor عندin the view of ذويthose endowed with النُّهَىreason استحقاقُmerit
والعُرْفُ عند ذوي النُّهَى استحقاقُ
Rule, to reformers, rests on competence;
Rule in the reformers' view is adequacy
and favor, to the discerning, rests on merit.
And custom to the people of piety is entitlement
وأرىand I see النّفاقَhypocrisy منamong الشُّعوبِthe peoples سجيّةًan ingrained trait
وأرى النّفاقَ من الشُّعوبِ سجيّةً
يعياis baffled بِمُعضلِby the intractability of دائهاits disease الحُذّاقُthe skilled
يعيا بِمُعضلِ دائها الحُذّاقُ
And I see hypocrisy as an ingrained trait among peoples,
And I see hypocrisy as the nature of the peoples
whose intractable disease baffles the skilled.
The astute are aware of the knotty cure of their malady
جُنَّwent mad المُنافِقُthe hypocrite بالحياةِfor life وماyet did not درىknow
جُنَّ المُنافِقُ بالحياةِ وما درى
أنّthat الحياةَlife يُفِيضُهاpours it forth الخلّاقُthe Creator
أنّ الحياةَ يُفِيضُها الخلّاقُ
The hypocrite is mad for life, yet does not know
The hypocrite is possessed by life and knows not
that the Creator pours life forth.
That the life is bestowed by the Creator
مَلكَheld dominion over الخلائقَthe creatures أجمعينall of them وقُدِّرتْand were apportioned
مَلكَ الخلائقَ أجمعين وقُدِّرتْ
بِيَمينهِby His right hand الأقسامُthe shares والأرزاقُand provisions
بِيَمينهِ الأقسامُ والأرزاقُ
He has dominion over all creatures, and apportioned were
He possessed all creations and it was ordained
their shares and sustenance by His right hand.
By His right hand the fates and the provisions
وأفاضَand poured forth منof عدلٍjustice ومنand of حُرِّيَّةٍfreedom
وأفاضَ من عدلٍ ومن حُرِّيَّةٍ
فيهمamong them فلاso no ظُلمٌoppression ولاand no اسْتِرقاقُenslavement
فيهم فلا ظُلمٌ ولا اسْتِرقاقُ
And He poured forth justice and freedom
And He dispensed among them justice and freedom
among them, so there is no oppression and no enslavement.
So there is no injustice or enslavement
لاdoes not تسبقِِoutrun النّفسُthe soul الأبيَّةُunbowed حِينَهاits appointed hour
لا تسبقِِ النّفسُ الأبيَّةُ حِينَها
يوماًever ولاnor يعتاقهاholds it back الإشفاقُapprehension
يوماً ولا يعتاقها الإشفاقُ
The unbowed soul does not outrun its appointed hour,
The obstinate soul does not then outpace
ever, nor does apprehension hold it back.
A day, nor does pity liberate it
تبدوappear القيودُthe fetters فتقشعرُّso bristle جُلودُناour skins
تبدو القيودُ فتقشعرُّ جُلودُنا
والجهلُand ignorance قيدٌa fetter مُحكَمٌfirmly fastened ووثاقُand a bond
والجهلُ قيدٌ مُحكَمٌ ووثاقُ
Fetters appear, and our skins bristle;
The shackles appear and our skins bristle
and ignorance is a tightly fastened fetter and a bond.
And ignorance is a tight and firm bond
Sol 6.1