دعاhe called فأجابواso they answered والقلوبُwhile the hearts صَوادِفُturned away
دعا فأجابوا والقلوبُ صَوادِفُ
وقالواand they said اسْتَقمناwe have become upright والهَوىwhile desire مُتجانِفُswerving aside
وقالوا اسْتَقمنا والهَوى مُتجانِفُ
He called, and they answered, though their hearts turned away.
And they said, 'We are upright,' while desire swerved aside.
مَضَىtook effect العهدُthe covenant لاno حربٌwar تُقامُis waged ولاأذىًnor harm
مَضَى العهدُ لا حربٌ تُقامُ ولاأذىً
يُرامُis sought ولاnor بَغْيٌaggression عنِfrom الحقِّwhat is right صَارِفُturning away
يُرامُ ولا بَغْيٌ عنِ الحقِّ صَارِفُ
The covenant took effect: no war to be waged, no harm
to be sought, no aggression turning away from right.
لهمfor them دَمهُمtheir blood والدّينُand religion والمالُand property ماso long as وَفَوْاthey kept faith
لهم دَمهُم والدّينُ والمالُ ما وَفَوْا
فإنbut if غَدرواthey betrayed فالسّيفthen the sword وافٍfaithful مُساعِفُready to assist
فإن غَدروا فالسّيف وافٍ مُساعِفُ
Their lives, faith, and property were protected while they kept faith;
but if they betrayed, the sword was faithful and ready to aid.
سياسةُthe policy منof one who لاnot يَخدعُdeceives القولُspeech رأيَهُhis judgment
سياسةُ من لا يَخدعُ القولُ رأيَهُ
ولاnor يَزدهيهِbeguiles him باطلٌfalsehood منهfrom it زَائِفُspurious
ولا يَزدهيهِ باطلٌ منه زَائِفُ
The policy of one whose judgment no speech deceives,
and whom no spurious falsehood in it beguiles.
رَسولٌa messenger لهfor him منfrom حكمةِthe wisdom of الوَحْيِrevelation عاصمٌa protector
رَسولٌ له من حكمةِ الوَحْيِ عاصمٌ
ومنand from نُورهِits light فيin ظُلمةِthe darkness of الرأيِjudgment كاشِفُa dispeller
ومن نُورهِ في ظُلمةِ الرأيِ كاشِفُ
A messenger, protected by revelation's wisdom,
with its light to dispel the darkness of judgment.
يُسالِمُhe makes peace with منamong أحبارِهمtheir rabbis وسَراتِهمand their leaders
يُسالِمُ من أحبارِهم وسَراتِهم
رِجالاًmen لهمthey have فيconcerning السّلمِpeace رأيٌa view مُخالِفُopposing
رِجالاً لهم في السّلمِ رأيٌ مُخالِفُ
He makes peace, among their rabbis and leaders,
with men whose view of peace opposes his.
يَغيظهُمenrages them الإسلامُIslam حتَّىuntil كأَنَّماas though
يَغيظهُم الإسلامُ حتَّى كأَنَّما
هُوَit الموتُdeath أوor عادٍan assailant منof الخطبِcalamity جَارفُsweeping away
هُوَ الموتُ أو عادٍ من الخطبِ جَارفُ
Islam so enrages them that it seems
to be death, or an attacking, all-sweeping calamity.
إذاwhen هَتَفَcries out الدّاعيthe caller بهِwith it اهْتَاجَbecomes enraged نَاقِمٌa resentful man
إذا هَتَفَ الدّاعي بهِ اهْتَاجَ نَاقِمٌ
وأعْوَلَand wails مَحزونٌa grieving man وأجْفَلَand bolts خائِفُa frightened man
وأعْوَلَ مَحزونٌ وأجْفَلَ خائِفُ
When the caller proclaims it, a resentful man rages,
a sorrowful man wails, and a frightened man bolts.
إذاif ماever تَردَّىfalls headlong فيinto الضّلالةِerror جاهِلٌan ignorant man
إذا ما تَردَّى في الضّلالةِ جاهِلٌ
فماthen what عُذرُexcuse مَنof one who يأبَىrejects الهُدىguidance وَهْوwhile he عَارِفُknows
فما عُذرُ مَن يأبَى الهُدى وَهْو عَارِفُ
If an ignorant man falls headlong into error,
what excuse has one who knowingly rejects guidance?
يَقولونَthey speak قَوْلَthe speech of الزُّورfalsehood لاno عِلَمknowledge عندَناwith us
يَقولونَ قَوْلَ الزُّور لا عِلَم عندَنا
كَفَىsuffices for القومَthe people عِلماًas knowledge ماwhat تَضُمُّcontain المصاحفُthe scriptures
كَفَى القومَ عِلماً ما تَضُمُّ المصاحفُ
They utter falsehood: 'We have no knowledge.'
What the scriptures contain is knowledge enough for these people.
لهمfor them منfrom سنَاthe radiance of التَّوراةِthe Torah هادٍa guide وللعَمىand for blindness
لهم من سنَا التَّوراةِ هادٍ وللعَمى
رُكامٌa heap علىover أبصارِهمtheir eyes مُتكاثِفُthickly massed
رُكامٌ على أبصارِهم مُتكاثِفُ
They have a guide in the Torah's radiance, yet blindness
lies thickly heaped upon their eyes.
دَناdrew near الحقُّtruth منto بُهتانِهمtheir slander ورَمَىand hurled بهمthem away
دَنا الحقُّ من بُهتانِهم ورَمَى بهم
إلىto الأمدِthe limit الأقصَىfarthest هَوىًdesire مُتقاذِفُtossing to and fro
إلى الأمدِ الأقصَى هَوىً مُتقاذِفُ
Truth drew near their slander, while they were hurled
to the farthest bounds by desire that tossed them to and fro.
عَناtormented ابْنَthe son of أُبيٍّUbayy منfrom هَوىdesire for التّاجthe crown لاعجٌa burning torment
عَنا ابْنَ أُبيٍّ من هَوى التّاج لاعجٌ
وطافَand circled بهaround him منfrom نَشوةِthe intoxication of المُلكِkingship طائفُa phantom
وطافَ به من نَشوةِ المُلكِ طائفُ
Ibn Ubayy was tormented by burning desire for the crown,
and a phantom of kingship's intoxication circled him.
جَرىhe raced راكِضاًat a gallop مِلءَthe full extent of العنانَيْنِboth reins فانتحىthen bore down
جَرى راكِضاً مِلءَ العنانَيْنِ فانتحى
لهupon him قَدرٌa fate ألقَىcast بهhim down وَهْوَwhile he راسِفُwas fettered
له قَدرٌ ألقَى به وَهْوَ راسِفُ
He raced at full gallop, reins loose; then bore down
upon him a fate that flung him down, fettered as he was.
فماso none مِثلُهlike him فيat مَشهدِthe spectacle of الإفكِfalsehood فارحٌrejoices
فما مِثلُه في مَشهدِ الإفكِ فارحٌ
ولاnor مِثلهُlike him فيat مَشهدِthe spectacle of الحقِّtruth آسفُgrieves
ولا مِثلهُ في مَشهدِ الحقِّ آسفُ
None rejoiced like him at the spectacle of falsehood,
nor grieved like him at the spectacle of truth.
ظُنونٌconjectures يُعفّيهاeffaces them اليقينُcertainty ودَولةٌand a realm
ظُنونٌ يُعفّيها اليقينُ ودَولةٌ
منof الوهمِillusion تذروهاscatter it الرياحُthe winds العواصفُtempestuous
من الوهمِ تذروها الرياحُ العواصفُ
Conjectures that certainty erases, and a realm
of illusion that storm winds scatter.
يُهيبُhe rouses بأضغانِthe rancors of اليهودthe Jews يَشُبُّهاfanning them
يُهيبُ بأضغانِ اليهود يَشُبُّها
عَداوةَthe enmity of قومٍa people شرُّهمtheir evil متضاعفُis multiplying
عَداوةَ قومٍ شرُّهم متضاعفُ
He rouses the Jews' rancors, fanning them—
the hatred of a people whose evil multiplies.
وماand never بَرَحَceased الحَبْرُthe rabbi السَّمينُfat يَغرُّهمdeceiving them
وما بَرَحَ الحَبْرُ السَّمينُ يَغرُّهم
ويأكلُand consumes منof أموالِهمtheir wealth ماwhatever يُصادِفُhe finds
ويأكلُ من أموالِهم ما يُصادِفُ
And the fat rabbi never ceased deceiving them,
and consuming whatever of their wealth he found.
أعدُّواthey prepared لهfor him المرعىَthe pasture فَراحَso he went مُهبَّلاًgrossly fat
أعدُّوا له المرعىَ فَراحَ مُهبَّلاً
كَظنِّكَas you would imagine بالخِنزيرِof the pig واتاهُobliged it عَالِفُa feeder
كَظنِّكَ بالخِنزيرِ واتاهُ عَالِفُ
They prepared his pasture, and he went off bloated,
like a pig, as you might imagine, indulged by its feeder.
يَنوءُhe heaves بِجَنْبيهِwith his two flanks ويرتجُّand quivers ماشياًas he walks
يَنوءُ بِجَنْبيهِ ويرتجُّ ماشياً
إذاwhen اضطربتْshake منهof him الشَّوىthe limbs والرَّوانفُand the buttocks
إذا اضطربتْ منه الشَّوى والرَّوانفُ
He heaves his flanks and quivers as he walks,
while his limbs and buttocks shake.
رَماهمhe assailed them بهاwith it عَمياءَblind لمdid not يَرْمِassail مَعشراًa people
رَماهم بها عَمياءَ لم يَرْمِ مَعشراً
بأمثالهاwith its like أحبارُهُمtheir rabbis والأساقفُand the bishops
بأمثالها أحبارُهُم والأساقفُ
He struck them with a blind blow; no people had been struck
with its like by their rabbis and bishops.
فقالواso they said غَوىhas strayed ابنُthe son of الصّلتِal-Salt وانفضّand dispersed جمعهمtheir gathering
فقالوا غَوى ابنُ الصّلتِ وانفضّ جمعهم
يُريدونthey meant كعباًKa'b وَهْوَwhile he خَزيانُdisgraced كاسِفُdowncast
يُريدون كعباً وَهْوَ خَزيانُ كاسِفُ
They said, 'Ibn al-Salt has strayed,' and their gathering dispersed,
meaning Ka'b, who stood disgraced and downcast.
رَمَىstruck الصادقُthe truthful one الهادِيthe guide لَفِيفَةthe innermost fold of نفسِهِhis soul
رَمَى الصادقُ الهادِي لَفِيفَة نفسِهِ
بصداعةٍwith a shattering blow تَنشقُّsplit apart منهاfrom it اللّفائفُthe wrappings
بصداعةٍ تَنشقُّ منها اللّفائفُ
The truthful guide struck his soul's innermost fold
with a shattering blow that tears the wrappings apart.
فأماand as for لَبيدٌLabid فَاسْتعانَhe then sought help بسحرِهthrough his magic
فأما لَبيدٌ فَاسْتعانَ بسحرِه
رُويداًgently أخاbrother of هاروتَHarut تلكthose الطرائفُthe marvels
رُويداً أخا هاروتَ تلك الطرائفُ
As for Labid, he sought help in his magic.
Gently, brother of Harut—such are the marvels!
أعندكdo you believe أنthat السّحرَmagic للّهِover God غالبٌprevailing
أعندك أن السّحرَ للّهِ غالبٌ
تأمَّلْconsider لبيدٌLabid أيَّwhat مهوىًabyss تُشارِفُyou approach the brink of
تأمَّلْ لبيدٌ أيَّ مهوىً تُشارِفُ
Do you believe magic can prevail over God?
Consider, Labid, what abyss you are approaching!
وَشاسُand Shas بنُson of قيسٍQays هاجَهاstirred it up جاهليَّةًas pre-Islamic fury
وَشاسُ بنُ قيسٍ هاجَها جاهليَّةً
تَطيرُtake flight لِذكراهاat its memory الحلومُthe minds الرَّواجفُtrembling
تَطيرُ لِذكراها الحلومُ الرَّواجفُ
And Shas ibn Qays roused a pre-Islamic fury,
at whose memory trembling minds take flight.
يُقلِّبُhe churns بينbetween الأوسِAws والخزرجِand Khazraj الثَّرىthe soil
يُقلِّبُ بين الأوسِ والخزرجِ الثَّرى
وقدand already وَشجتْhad intertwined فيهwithin it العُروقُthe roots العواطِفُaffectionate
وقد وَشجتْ فيه العُروقُ العواطِفُ
He churns the soil between Aws and Khazraj,
where the roots of affection had intertwined.
يُذكّرهُمhe reminds them of يومَthe day of البُعاثِBu'ath وماand what جَنْتwrought
يُذكّرهُم يومَ البُعاثِ وما جَنْت
رِقاقُslender المواضِيkeen swords والرماحُand the spears الرواعِفُblood-dripping
رِقاقُ المواضِي والرماحُ الرواعِفُ
He reminds them of the day of Bu'ath, and the havoc wrought
by slender, keen-edged blades and blood-dripping spears.
غَلتْboiled نَخواتُthe tribal prides of القومِthe people ممّاfrom what استفزَّهمhad provoked them
غَلتْ نَخواتُ القومِ ممّا استفزَّهم
وراجعَهمand returned to them منfrom عازِبِlong-absent الرأيِthought سالِفُsomething past
وراجعَهم من عازِبِ الرأيِ سالِفُ
The people's tribal pride boiled at what had provoked them,
and an old, long-absent way of thinking returned to them.
وخَفّواand they sprang up يُريدونَseeking القِتالَcombat فَردَّهمbut turned them back
وخَفّوا يُريدونَ القِتالَ فَردَّهم
نبيٌّa prophet يَردُّwho repels الشَّرَّevil والشّرُّwhile evil زاحِفُadvances
نبيٌّ يَردُّ الشَّرَّ والشّرُّ زاحِفُ
They sprang up intent on fighting, but were turned back
by a prophet who repels evil even as it advances.
دعاهمhe called them إلىto الحُسنَىwhat is best فأقبلَso came forward بعضُهمsome of them
دعاهم إلى الحُسنَى فأقبلَ بعضُهم
يُعانِقُembracing بعضاًthe others والدُّموعُwhile the tears ذوارِفُstreaming
يُعانِقُ بعضاً والدُّموعُ ذوارِفُ
He called them to goodness, and some came forward
to embrace the others, their tears streaming.
أتىcame ابنُthe son of سلامٍSalam يُؤثِرُchoosing الحقَّtruth مِلّةًas a faith
أتى ابنُ سلامٍ يُؤثِرُ الحقَّ مِلّةً
وينظرُand watches ماwhat تأتيdo النُّفُوسُthe souls العوازِفُturning away
وينظرُ ما تأتي النُّفُوسُ العوازِفُ
Ibn Salam came, choosing truth as his faith,
and watching what the souls that turned away would do.
تسلّلَhe slipped away يستخفيhiding himself وأقبلَand approached قومُهhis people
تسلّلَ يستخفي وأقبلَ قومُه
وللؤمِand to baseness belongs منهمof them ماwhat تَضمُّenclose الملاحِفُthe cloaks
وللؤمِ منهم ما تَضمُّ الملاحِفُ
He slipped away to hide, and his people approached,
while baseness possessed all that their cloaks enclosed.
فقيلthen it was said اشهدواbear witness قالواthey said عرفناهwe have known him سيّداًas a leader
فقيل اشهدوا قالوا عرفناه سيّداً
تجلُّare exalted مَساعيهhis endeavors وتعلوand rise high المواقفُthe deeds
تجلُّ مَساعيه وتعلو المواقفُ
They were told, 'Bear witness.' They said, 'We have known him as a leader;
his endeavors are noble and his deeds exalted.
هوhe المرءُthe man لاnot نأبَىwe reject منof الدّينِreligion ماwhat ارْتَضىhe has chosen
هو المرءُ لا نأبَى من الدّينِ ما ارْتَضى
ولاnor نَدَعُwe abandon الأمرَthe practice الذيwhich هوhe آلِفُis accustomed to
ولا نَدَعُ الأمرَ الذي هو آلِفُ
He is the man: we will not reject the faith he chooses,
nor forsake the practice he is accustomed to.'
فلمّاbut when رأوهُthey saw him خارجاًcoming out يَنطُقdeclaring التيthat which
فلمّا رأوهُ خارجاً يَنطُق التي
هيit الحقُّthe truth قالواthey said عاثِرُstumbling in الرأيِjudgment عاسِفُstraying
هي الحقُّ قالوا عاثِرُ الرأيِ عاسِفُ
But when they saw him emerge, declaring that which
is truth, they said, 'His judgment stumbles; he strays.
ظننّاwe thought بهِof him خَيراًgood ولاand no خيرَgoodness فيin امرئٍa man
ظننّا بهِ خَيراً ولا خيرَ في امرئٍ
أبوهhis father أبوa father of سُوءٍevil علىto الشرِّwickedness عاكِفُdevoted
أبوه أبو سُوءٍ على الشرِّ عاكِفُ
We thought well of him, but there is no good in a man
whose father is vile, devoted to evil.
ظلمناهُwe wronged him لمnot يُوصَفْwas he described بماwith what هوhe أهلُهis worthy of
ظلمناهُ لم يُوصَفْ بما هو أهلُه
فماذاso what لهfor him إنif أخطأmissed الرُّشدَright judgment واصِفُa describer
فماذا له إن أخطأ الرُّشدَ واصِفُ
We wronged him: he was not described as he deserves;
so what credit is his if a describer misses sound judgment?'
تَرَامَوْاthey hurled at one another بألقابٍwith epithets إذاwhen ماever تتابعْتthey followed in succession
تَرَامَوْا بألقابٍ إذا ما تتابعْت
تتابعَfollowed in succession شُؤبوبٌa downpour منof الذمِّabuse واكِفُpouring down
تتابعَ شُؤبوبٌ من الذمِّ واكِفُ
They hurled epithets at one another, and whenever these came in succession,
a streaming shower of abuse followed.
أهابcried out أبوfather of أيوبAyyub ردواrecall حلومكمyour reason
أهاب أبو أيوب ردوا حلومكم
أعندis it before رسولthe Messenger of اللهGod تلقىare faced المآزفhardships
أعند رسول الله تلقى المآزف
Abu Ayyub cried, 'Recall your senses!
Are hardships to be faced in God's Messenger's presence?'
وقالand said الرسولُthe Messenger اسْتَشعِرُواclothe yourselves in الحلمَforbearance إنّماonly
وقال الرسولُ اسْتَشعِرُوا الحلمَ إنّما
يَسودُgains mastery ويستعلِيand rises high الحليمُthe forbearing man المُلاطِفُgentle
يَسودُ ويستعلِي الحليمُ المُلاطِفُ
And the Messenger said, 'Clothe yourselves in forbearance; only
the forbearing and gentle gain mastery and rise high.
أتُؤذونَdo you harm عبدَservant of اللّهِGod أنbecause يتبعَhe follows الهُدىguidance
أتُؤذونَ عبدَ اللّهِ أن يتبعَ الهُدى
فياso, O ويحَهُalas for him منas a مؤمنٍbeliever ماwhat يُقارِفُdoes he commit
فيا ويحَهُ من مؤمنٍ ما يُقارِفُ
Do you harm Abdullah for following guidance?
Alas for him, a believer! What wrong has he done?
أهذاis this هوit العهدُthe covenant الذيwhich كانwas بينناbetween us
أهذا هو العهدُ الذي كان بيننا
أهذاis this الذيwhat يَجْنِيreaps العقيدُthe covenant-bound man المحالِفُthe sworn ally
أهذا الذي يَجْنِي العقيدُ المحالِفُ
Is this the covenant that stood between us?
Is this what a sworn ally reaps?'
تَولَّواthey turned away غِضاباًangry ماnot تَثوبُreturn to reason نُفوسُهمtheir souls
تَولَّوا غِضاباً ما تَثوبُ نُفوسُهم
ولاnor تَرْعَوِيrelent أحقادُهمtheir rancors والكتائِفُand hidden grudges
ولا تَرْعَوِي أحقادُهم والكتائِفُ
They turned away in wrath, their souls never returning to reason,
nor their rancors and hidden grudges relenting.
يُذيعونَthey spread مكروهَthe hateful part of الحديثِspeech وماyet what عَسىmight
يُذيعونَ مكروهَ الحديثِ وما عَسى
يقولونthey say والفُرقانُwhile the Criterion بالحقِّwith truth هاتِفُproclaims aloud
يقولون والفُرقانُ بالحقِّ هاتِفُ
They spread hateful talk; yet what can
they say, while the Criterion proclaims the truth?
إذاwhenever بَعثواthey stir up منfrom باطلِthe falsehood of القولِspeech فتنةًstrife
إذا بَعثوا من باطلِ القولِ فتنةً
تَلقّفهاsnatches it up منfrom صادقِtrue الوحيِrevelation خاطِفُa swift snatcher
تَلقّفها من صادقِ الوحيِ خاطِفُ
Whenever they stir up strife with false speech,
true revelation swiftly snatches it away.
يُشايِعهُمsupports them فيamong القومِthe people كلُّevery مُنافقٍhypocrite
يُشايِعهُم في القومِ كلُّ مُنافقٍ
إلىtoward كلِّevery ذِيpossessor of مَشنوءَةٍa hateful vice هوhe دالِفُadvances slowly
إلى كلِّ ذِي مَشنوءَةٍ هو دالِفُ
Every hypocrite among the people lends them support,
creeping toward anyone possessed of a hateful vice.
شَديدُsevere in الأذىharm يُبدِيhe displays منof القولِspeech زُخرفاًornament
شَديدُ الأذى يُبدِي من القولِ زُخرفاً
وكالسّمِّand like poison منهof it ماwhat تُواريconceal الزَّخارفُthe ornaments
وكالسّمِّ منه ما تُواري الزَّخارفُ
Grievous in harm, he puts ornate words on show,
and what their ornaments conceal is like poison.
زَحالفُcreeping creatures of سُوءٍevil ماnot يَكفُّceases دبيبُهاtheir creeping
زَحالفُ سُوءٍ ما يَكفُّ دبيبُها
وأهونُand the most trifling شيءٍthing أنthat تَدُبَّcreep الزّحالِفُthe crawling creatures
وأهونُ شيءٍ أن تَدُبَّ الزّحالِفُ
Evil crawlers, whose creeping never stops,
and nothing is more trifling than these creatures' crawl.
أقامواthey persisted علىin ظُلمٍinjustice كأنْas though لمnot يكنْthere were لهمfor them
أقاموا على ظُلمٍ كأنْ لم يكنْ لهم
منfrom العدلِjustice يوماًone day لاno محالةَescape آزفُsomething approaching
من العدلِ يوماً لا محالةَ آزفُ
They persisted in injustice, as though they had no
inescapable day of justice drawing near.
لكلِّfor every أُناسٍpeople يعكفونwho persist علىin الأذىharm
لكلِّ أُناسٍ يعكفون على الأذى
مَعاطِبُperils منfrom أخلاقِهِمtheir character ومتالفُand places of ruin
مَعاطِبُ من أخلاقِهِم ومتالفُ
For all who persist in doing harm,
their own character holds perils and deadly pitfalls.
رُويدَa little respite for يَهودٍthe Jews هلis there لهاfor them فيin حُصونِهاtheir fortresses
رُويدَ يَهودٍ هل لها في حُصونِها
مِنَany البأسِmight إلاexcept ماwhat تَظنُّimagine السّلاحِفُthe turtles
مِنَ البأسِ إلا ما تَظنُّ السّلاحِفُ
A little respite for the Jews! In their fortresses, have they
any might beyond what turtles suppose they have?
يَظنُّونَthey think أنْthat لنْnever will يَنسِفَdemolish اللّهُGod ماwhat بنواthey built
يَظنُّونَ أنْ لنْ يَنسِفَ اللّهُ ما بنوا
ولنand never will يثبتَstand firm البنيانُthe structure واللّهُwhile God ناسِفُis demolishing
ولن يثبتَ البنيانُ واللّهُ ناسِفُ
They think God will never demolish what they built,
yet the building will not stand with God as its destroyer.
سَيلقَوْنَthey will meet بُؤساًmisery بعدafter أمنٍsafety ونعمةٍand plenty
سَيلقَوْنَ بُؤساً بعد أمنٍ ونعمةٍ
فلاso not العيشُlife فيّاحٌample ولاnor الظلُّthe shade وارِفُspreading wide
فلا العيشُ فيّاحٌ ولا الظلُّ وارِفُ
They will meet misery after safety and plenty;
then life will not be ample, nor the shade wide-spreading.
Sol 6.1