هذاthis كتابيmy book للظريفfor the witty ظريفاًwitty
هذا كتابي للظريف ظريفاً
طَلِقَunrestrained اللسانin speech وللسخيفand for the foolish سخيفاfoolish
طَلِقَ اللسان وللسخيف سخيفا
This is my book, witty for the witty,
This is my book for the witty and refined
free of tongue, and foolish for the foolish.
With eloquent tongue and silly talk for the foolish
أودعتهI lodged in it كلماwords وألفاظاًand expressions حلتgrew sweet
أودعته كلما وألفاظاً حلت
وحشوتهُand I filled it نقطاًdots زهتshone وحروفاand letters
وحشوتهُ نقطاً زهت وحروفا
I lodged in it words and expressions grown sweet,
I filled it with elegant words and phrases
and filled it with splendid dots and letters,
And peppered it with dots, decoration, and letters
وبداهةًand ready wit وفكاهةand humor ونزاهةand purity
وبداهةً وفكاهة ونزاهة
وخلاعةand license وقناعةand contentment وعُزوفاand restraint
وخلاعة وقناعة وعُزوفا
with ready wit, humor, and purity,
With obviousness, humor, and integrity
with license, contentment, and restraint.
And elegance, contentment, and aloofness
كالجسمlike the body فيهin it غيرُmore than one عضوٍmember تعشقyou love الـthe—
كالجسم فيه غيرُ عضوٍ تعشق الـ
ـمستور—concealed منهof it وتحمدand you praise المكشوفاthe exposed
ـمستور منه وتحمد المكشوفا
Like a body, it has many a member: you love the
Like a body filled with members you love
concealed parts of it and praise the exposed.
The hidden and praise the revealed
فصَّلتهI tailored it لكنhowever علىaccording to عقليmy mind فماfor not
فصَّلته لكن على عقلي فما
مقياسthe measure عقلكof your mind كانwas ليto me معروفاknown
مقياس عقلك كان لي معروفا
I tailored it, however, to my own mind, for
I articulated it using my intellect though
the measure of yours was unknown to me.
Your intellect's scale wasn't known to me
قعّرتهI hollowed it بمحافرwith digging tools الأفكارof thoughts كيso that
قعّرته بمحافر الأفكار كي
يسعit holds الكلامspeech وسمتهand I named it تجويفاhollowing
يسع الكلام وسمته تجويفا
I hollowed it with thought’s digging tools, so
I hollowed it out with the chisels of ideas
it could hold speech; I called that hollowing.
To contain the words and called it a cavity
لفقّتهI pieced it together وخصفتهand stitched it بيديwith my hands فقلso say
لفقّته وخصفته بيدي فقل
نِعمَhow excellent الكتابُthe book ملفقاًpatched مخصوفاstitched
نِعمَ الكتابُ ملفقاً مخصوفا
I pieced and stitched it together with my hands; say,
I patched it and trimmed it with my hands so say
“What a fine book, patched and stitched!”
What a fine patched and trimmed book!
أفرغتI poured فيهinto it كلevery حبرٍink راقَهpleased it
أفرغت فيه كل حبرٍ راقَه
ولهand for it بريتI pared منof اليراعreed pens ألوفاthousands
وله بريت من اليراع ألوفا
I poured into it every ink that pleased it,
I poured into it every pleasing ink
and for it pared thousands of reed pens.
And plucked for it thousands of feathers
وكأنماand as though بيديwith my hands قدalready نمقتهI embellished it
وكأنما بيدي قد نمقته
حتىuntil أتىit emerged مستحكماًfirmly built مرصوفاclosely set
حتى أتى مستحكماً مرصوفا
As though I had embellished it with my own hands,
As if with my hands I softened it
until it emerged firmly built and closely set.
Until it came out polished and arranged
ألّفتهI composed it والليلwhile the night أسودblack حالكpitch-dark
ألّفته والليل أسود حالك
فلذاكso for that reason جاءit came مسخماًsoot-blackened مسجوفاveiled
فلذاك جاء مسخماً مسجوفا
I composed it while the night was pitch-black,
I composed it while the night was dark
so it emerged soot-blackened and veiled.
So for that it came out fermented and baked
تبلتهI seasoned it لكfor you دونwithout طاهيthe cook القومof the company بالwith the—
تبلته لك دون طاهي القوم بال
ربلات—fresh herbs فهيfor they تزيلremove منكfrom you خُلوفاfoul breath
ربلات فهي تزيل منك خُلوفا
I seasoned it for you, without the company’s cook, with
I kneaded it for you unlike other kneaders
fresh herbs, which rid you of foul breath,
With kneadings that remove your discontent
وتصخand relieve ماwhat بكyou have منof طُلاطلةa mouth ailment ومنand of
وتصخ ما بك من طُلاطلة ومن
ضرَسٍtooth-soreness فتلقمso you mouth بعدafter ذاكthat الفوفاdate-stone skins
ضرَسٍ فتلقم بعد ذاك الفوفا
and clear your mouth ailment and
And chew up the heaviness and coarseness in you
tooth-soreness, so afterward you can munch date-stone skins.
Then feed you the softness after that
يُغنيكit spares you عنfrom مينlies الطبيبof the physician وسحلهand his grindings
يُغنيك عن مين الطبيب وسحله
ماnot منbecause of جراهit تخازمyou contend with الحتروفاḥatrūf (sense uncertain)
ما من جراه تخازم الحتروفا
It spares you the physician’s lies and grindings;
It entertains you from the toil of the doctor and his dragging
on its account you need not contend with the ḥatrūf.
What his company brings you of scratches
قدalready أنبتتhas sprouted غضراءfertile أرضsoil سطورهof its lines
قد أنبتت غضراء أرض سطوره
روضاًmeadows وجنَّاتand gardens تروقplease وريفاshady
روضاً وجنَّات تروق وريفا
The fertile soil of its lines has sprouted
I planted green meadows in the land of its lines
meadows and gardens, pleasing and shady.
A garden and orchards pleasing and pastoral
فتشمّso you smell منهاfrom them عرفthe fragrance كلof every ربحلةample woman
فتشمّ منها عرف كل ربحلة
دهساءsoft-fleshed يفتنenchants حسنهاher beauty الغطريفاthe noble youth
دهساء يفتن حسنها الغطريفا
From them you smell the fragrance of every ample woman,
So you smell from it the fragrance of every ewe
soft-fleshed, whose beauty enchants the noble youth.
Alluring in beauty and tempting to the lamb
وترىand you see الملعظةthe fleshy woman الشناطthe tall one بجبهاwith her cleft
وترى الملعظة الشناط بجبها
والفارضand the mature woman القرطاسthe white maiden والسرعوفاand the slender beauty
والفارض القرطاس والسرعوفا
You see the fleshy, tall woman with her cleft,
And you see the brilliant plowshare on its forehead
the mature woman, the white maiden, and the slender beauty.
And the parchment and the parchment holder
ووراءهاand behind her وأمامهاand before her مرمورةa tender beauty
ووراءها وأمامها مرمورة
وغرانقand a fair young beauty ماnot أنemphatic particle تزالceases to be أنوفاproud
وغرانق ما أن تزال أنوفا
Behind her and before her stands a tender beauty,
With mares behind and before it
and a fair young beauty who remains proud.
Gazelles that do not cease to be shy
وإذاand if بدتappear لكto you منfrom خلالamid حروفهits letters
وإذا بدت لك من خلال حروفه
ردحbroad-hipped women وثائرand soft women فاخطبنَّthen surely woo رشوفاa sweet-mouthed woman
ردح وثائر فاخطبنَّ رشوفا
And if, through its letters, there appear to you
And if its letters show you
broad-hipped, soft women, then woo one sweet of mouth.
A pasture and mountain, then address it flirtatiously
فإذاthen if عجزتyou cannot manage عنthe المؤونةupkeep واستقلand seek release—
فإذا عجزت عن المؤونة واستقل
ت—you (verb ending) وجدتyou find فيin أعقابهنtheir wake الهيفاthe slender women
ت وجدت في أعقابهن الهيفا
If you cannot meet their upkeep and seek
So if you cannot afford its provisions and feel
release, behind them you will find the slender ones.
Independent, you will find the humps easy after them
فاخترso choose هداكmay guide you اللهGod ماwhat تهوىyou desire ولاand do not
فاختر هداك الله ما تهوى ولا
تتراخdelay عنin أنthat تدركyou reach الحرنوفاḥarnūf (woman’s epithet; exact sense uncertain)
تتراخ عن أن تدرك الحرنوفا
Choose what you desire—may God guide you—and do not
So choose what you desire, God guide you, and do not
delay in reaching the ḥarnūf.
Delay attaining the ewes
غيريothers than me منamong الوصَّافthe describers فيabout ذاthis صنفواcompiled books
غيري من الوصَّاف في ذا صنفوا
لكنهمbut they لمdid not يحسنواdo well التصنيفاthe compiling
لكنهم لم يحسنوا التصنيفا
Others who describe such things have written books,
Others have classified in this genre
but did not do their compiling well,
But they did not excel in classification
إذsince كانwas ماwhat قالوهthey said مبذولاًcommonplace ولمand did not
إذ كان ما قالوه مبذولاً ولم
يتقصَّfully explore منهمamong them واصفa describer موصوفاa described subject
يتقصَّ منهم واصف موصوفا
for what they said was common currency, and
Since their words were handed out and no describer
no describer among them fully explored his subject.
Inquired into them nor described the described
لكنbut كتابيmy book أوor أناI بخلافunlike ذاthis
لكن كتابي أو أنا بخلاف ذا
نكفيwe suffice الحفيَّthe eager inquirer الحدّdefinition والتعريفاand explanation
نكفي الحفيَّ الحدّ والتعريفا
But my book—or I—differ from that:
But my book or I, unlike that
we give the eager inquirer all the definition he needs.
We suffice the limit and description
لاno عيبfault فيناin us غيرexcept أنكthat you لاdo not ترىsee
لا عيب فينا غير أنك لا ترى
ضواًa counterpart لناto us فيin فنناour art وحريفاand a rival
ضواً لنا في فننا وحريفا
We have no fault, except that you find
There is no fault in us but you do not see for us
no counterpart or rival to us in our art.
A niche in our arts and craft
فهوfor it is اليتيمthe orphan المستحيلimpossible إخاؤهits brotherhood
فهو اليتيم المستحيل إخاؤه
وهوand it is الفريدthe unique one فكنso be عليهtoward it عطوفاtender
وهو الفريد فكن عليه عطوفا
It is an orphan whose brotherhood is impossible;
It is the impossible orphan to brother
it is unique, so treat it tenderly.
And the unique so be gentle toward it
الفضلthe credit ليis mine ولصاحبand the author’s القاموسof the Qāmūs إذsince
الفضل لي ولصاحب القاموس إذ
منfrom لجهits depths قوليmy speech غداًtomorrow مغروفاdrawn out
من لجه قولي غداً مغروفا
The credit is mine and the author of the Qāmūs’s, since
The credit is mine and the lexicon's, for
from its depths my words will be drawn tomorrow.
From its springs, words will flow tomorrow
حلبتI milked بهfor it رأسيmy head خلافاًunlike للنساwomen
حلبت به رأسي خلافاً للنسا
عاماًa year وكلand all العامthe year كانwas خريفاautumn
عاماً وكل العام كان خريفا
I milked my head for it, unlike women,
I racked my brains unlike women
for a year, and the whole year was autumn.
A year, and the whole year was autumn
لكنbut تولدit was born فيin ثلاثةthree أشهرmonths
لكن تولد في ثلاثة أشهر
وحباand it crawled علىin عجلhaste وشبand grew up لطيفاcharming
وحبا على عجل وشب لطيفا
Yet it was born in three months,
But it was born in three months
crawled in haste, and grew into a charming youth.
And loved hastily and grew up gentle
لمdid not أدرِI know هلwhether رجلتهI combed it أوor مخطتهI blew it from my nose أوor
لم أدرِ هل رجلته أو مخطته أو
بصقتهI spat it أوor ألقتهcast it ثمthere كنيفاa privy
بصقته أو ألقته ثم كنيفا
I did not know whether I combed it, blew it from my nose, or
I don't know if I aided its conception, designed it,
spat it out, or cast it there into a privy.
Spat it out, discarded it, then picked it up
عانيتI suffered فيهin it منfrom الزحيرstraining أعازكmay protect you الـthe—
عانيت فيه من الزحير أعازك الـ
ـمولى—Lord عناءanguish لاnot يُكالmeasured جزيفاroughly
ـمولى عناء لا يُكال جزيفا
I suffered in it from straining—may the
I suffered from dyspnea in it, may God protect you
Lord protect you—anguish beyond any rough reckoning.
From an affliction that cannot be matched
وقطعتand I cut سرتهits navel-cord علىfor أهلthe people الحجىof understanding
وقطعت سرته على أهل الحجى
وعلىand in اسمهمtheir name لاmay not cease يبرحنdedicated موقوفاto remain
وعلى اسمهم لا يبرحن موقوفا
I cut its navel-cord for the people of understanding,
And I cut its umbilical cord to the people of vanity
and in their name may it remain dedicated.
And in their name it will remain suspended
ماnot كانwas منany ظئرwet nurse لهfor it عنديwith me سوىexcept
ما كان من ظئر له عندي سوى
فكريmy thought ومعand despite ذاthis خلتهI thought it مسروفاoverfed
فكري ومع ذا خلته مسروفا
I had no wet nurse for it but
It had no wet nurse with me but my mind
my thought; even so, I thought it overfed.
And despite that I neglected it
قدماًlong ago عليهfor it توحمتhad pregnancy-cravings نفسيmy soul ولمand did not
قدماً عليه توحمت نفسي ولم
يكwas شوقهاits longing عنaway from نحوهits direction مصروفاdiverted
يك شوقها عن نحوه مصروفا
Long ago my soul had pregnancy-cravings for it, and
I burdened myself with it and my longing for it
its longing was never turned away from it.
Was not diverted from it in any way
ورشحتُand I sweated لذَّاتpleasures قبيلshortly before نتاجهits birth
ورشحتُ لذَّات قبيل نتاجه
حتىuntil إذاwhen باشرتI undertook it عدتI became again نشوفاdry
حتى إذا باشرت عدت نشوفا
I sweated pleasures just before its birth,
And I aspired to its essence before its birth
then, when I undertook it, I became parched.
Until when I engaged with it, I became vigilant
أولدتI fathered ليfor myself ولدينtwo sons لاnot لكfor you ثمthen ذاthis
أولدت لي ولدين لا لك ثم ذا
لكfor you ثالثاًas a third لاnot ليfor me فَعُلْهُso nourish him القوفاqawf (sense uncertain)
لك ثالثاً لا لي فَعُلْهُ القوفا
I fathered two sons for myself, not you; this one, then,
I begot two children, not for you, then this one
is a third for you, not me: nourish him with qawf.
For you, not for me, so coddle it
عهديmy charge إلىto ولديَّmy two sons أنthat يتحدَّياthey follow
عهدي إلى ولديَّ أن يتحدَّيا
أسلوبهits manner وبدفتيهand around its two covers يطيفاthey circle
أسلوبه وبدفتيه يطيفا
My charge to my two sons is that they follow
I entrust my two children to care for
its manner and circle about its two covers,
Its style and with my ink stand guard it
ليؤمناهso they protect it منfrom الحريقfire ... احتميgrew heated
ليؤمناه من الحريق ... احتمي
أحدsomeone عليهagainst it لكونهbecause it is حريفاpungent
أحد عليه لكونه حريفا
to keep it safe from fire ... should someone grow
To protect it from fires ... take shelter
heated against it for being pungent.
Beside it, for it is flammable
إنيindeed I بريءam free منهماof them both أنif يعدلاthey turn
إني بريء منهما أن يعدلا
عنهaway from it ويتحذاand take عليهagainst it حليفاan ally
عنه ويتحذا عليه حليفا
I disown them should they turn
I am innocent of them deviating from it
away from it and take an ally against it.
And taking others as allies against it
منwhoever كانis يرغبdesiring فيهit فهوthen he is موفقfortunate
من كان يرغب فيه فهو موفق
أوor لاnot فقدthen indeed ضلَّhe lost السبيلthe road وايفاweakened
أو لا فقد ضلَّ السبيل وايفا
Whoever desires it is fortunate;
Whoever desires it is granted success
otherwise he has lost the road, weakened.
Or not, so he has strayed from the path, wandering
فيin الليلthe night يسمعis heard منهfrom it غطغطةsnoring يطيbecomes pleasant—
في الليل يسمع منه غطغطة يطي
ب—completion of 'becomes pleasant' نعاسهhis drowsiness بدوامهاthrough its persistence وحجيفاand rumbling
ب نعاسه بدوامها وحجيفا
At night its snoring is heard, making
At night, you hear from it a rustling that charms
his drowsiness pleasant through its persistence and rumbling.
Its sleep with its incessance and cooing
ولرُبَّand many a نورlight ساطعshining يغدوbecomes إذاif
ولرُبَّ نور ساطع يغدو إذا
قابلتهyou confront it يوماًone day بهwith it مكسوفاeclipsed
قابلته يوماً به مكسوفا
Many a shining light becomes, if
How often bright light becomes eclipsed when
you confront it one day with this, eclipsed.
You encounter it one day with it obscured
وكبيرand a great بطنbelly ضاقproved too narrow عنهfor it وفاتكand a ruthless man
وكبير بطن ضاق عنه وفاتك
ذيpossessing شِرَّةferocity عنهfrom it يخيمshrinks back ضعيفاweak
ذي شِرَّة عنه يخيم ضعيفا
Many a great belly proves too small for it, and a ruthless man,
A heavy stomach was too narrow for it
full of ferocity, shrinks from it in weakness.
That glutton was too weak to cover it
كالزئبقlike quicksilver الفرارfleeing ينظرهhe watches it ولاand does not
كالزئبق الفرار ينظره ولا
يستطيعcan يمسكgrasp منfrom قفاهits nape صوفاwool
يستطيع يمسك من قفاه صوفا
He watches it, like fugitive quicksilver, but
Elusive like mercury - you look at it but cannot
cannot grasp a tuft of wool from its nape.
Grasp a handful of its mane
يهويit plunges هويَّthe plunging الريحof the wind فيinto الواديthe valley إذاwhen
يهوي هويَّ الريح في الوادي إذا
ماemphatic particle هيجstirred ثمthen يسنمit climbs الشنعوفاthe mountain peak
ما هيج ثم يسنم الشنعوفا
It plunges like the wind into the valley when
It dives like the wind in the valley when
stirred, then climbs the mountain peak.
It rages then the brambles sleep
هوit is خيرthe best داحٍcaster للذيfor one who لمdoes not يرضdesire منfrom
هو خير داحٍ للذي لم يرض من
لعبthe play الزمانof time ولهوهand its pastimes خذروفاa spinning top
لعب الزمان ولهوه خذروفا
It is the best caster for one who does not desire, from
It is the best entertainer for one who does not accept
time’s play and pastimes, a spinning top.
The play and vanity of fate but finds it revolting
إنif تتلهyou recite it يطربكdelights you حسنthe beauty بُغامهof its lowing
إن تتله يطربك حسن بُغامه
أوor تُلغهyou discard it يسمعكit makes you hear منهfrom it عزيفاeerie cries
أو تُلغه يسمعك منه عزيفا
If you recite it, its lovely lowing delights you;
If you read it, its rhythmic beauty will delight you
if you discard it, it makes you hear eerie cries.
Or if you study it, it will chant to you
فيهin it ترىyou see فيin البردthe cold مشتىwinter shelter ثمthen إنif
فيه ترى في البرد مشتى ثم إن
ثارتrises خجوجاةa howling blast السهامof scorching heat مصيفاa summer retreat
ثارت خجوجاة السهام مصيفا
In it you find winter shelter in the cold, and if
In it, you will find coolness in the cold then when
a howling blast of scorching heat rises, a summer retreat.
The fiery souls of arrows flare up, a summer resort
وإذاand if ثقلتyou become heavy منfrom الطعامfood وغيرهand other things
وإذا ثقلت من الطعام وغيره
تلقىyou find بهthrough it منfrom ثقلةheaviness تخفيفاrelief
تلقى به من ثقلة تخفيفا
And when food and other things weigh you down,
And if overeating and other things weigh you down
through it you find relief from that heaviness.
You will find in it relief from heaviness
وإذاand if اتخذتyou establish حديقةa garden فاغرسthen plant بهاin it
وإذا اتخذت حديقة فاغرس بها
منهfrom it كليماتlittle words تزدكthey increase for you قطوفاharvests
منه كليمات تزدك قطوفا
And if you lay out a garden, plant in it
And if you plant a garden, plant in it
a few little words from it: they will increase your harvest.
Some of its words which will increase your harvest
تغنيكthey spare you عنfrom نصبsetting up الخيالa scarecrow بهاin it فلوso even if
تغنيك عن نصب الخيال بها فلو
أضحىit became شظاظاًa packing-pin لصحهاit would keep it sound لاnot خيفاfrightened
أضحى شظاظاً لصحها لا خيفا
They spare you a scarecrow there; even if
They will entertain you without taxing the imagination with them
it became a packing-pin, it would keep it safe, not frightened.
For if it becomes fragmented, its parts will still be healthy
إنيindeed I ضمنتguaranteed لكfor you الفدورsatiation فماso not ترىyou see
إني ضمنت لك الفدور فما ترى
منfrom بعدهafter it عزهاًa woman-shunner ولاnor منجوفاa wasted man
من بعده عزهاً ولا منجوفا
I guarantee you satiation: thereafter you will find
I guaranteed you the eggs, so whatever you see after it
neither a woman-shunner nor a wasted man.
Is mightless and hollow
كلاno indeed ولاnor مستثقلاًone weighed down نوماًwith sleep ولاnor
كلا ولا مستثقلاً نوماً ولا
أرقاًa sleepless man ولاnor تشكوyou complain of صدىthirst وعجوفاand loss of appetite
أرقاً ولا تشكو صدى وعجوفا
No, neither one weighed down with sleep nor
No, neither burdensome, nor sleepless, nor restless
one sleepless; nor will you complain of thirst or loss of appetite.
You will not complain of pounding and bleating
لاdo not تقدمنsurely venture علىupon ركوبriding الصعبthe difficult mount إنif
لا تقدمن على ركوب الصعب إن
لمnot تتخذهyou take it صاحباًa companion ورديفاand a pillion-rider
لم تتخذه صاحباً ورديفا
Do not venture to ride the difficult mount if
Do not attempt the difficult road unless
you have not taken it as companion and pillion-rider,
You take it as a companion and friend
حتىso that إذاif تُعتعتyou stagger أصبحit becomes عاصماًa safeguard
حتى إذا تُعتعت أصبح عاصماً
لكfor you أنagainst تزلyour slipping فتخطىso you pass الخرنوفاkharnūf (sense uncertain)
لك أن تزل فتخطى الخرنوفا
so that, if you stagger, it may become a safeguard
Until when you stagger, it will protect you
against your slipping, and you may pass the kharnūf.
From slipping and crossing the steep road
إنيindeed I لاno علمknowledge والسدادand sound judgment يدلنيguides me
إني لا علم والسداد يدلني
إنindeed الجنابyour lordship يرىconsiders الأبيلthe monk مخيفاfrightening
إن الجناب يرى الأبيل مخيفا
I have no knowledge, and sound judgment guides me:
I have no knowledge, and piety guides me
indeed, your lordship considers the monk frightening.
That the honorable one sees the camel as frightening
فأخفهso frighten him أنتyou بكلwith every حرفletter باترcutting
فأخفه أنت بكل حرف باتر
قدalready خطinscribed فيهin it يكفّhe holds back عنكfrom you كفيفاrestrained
قد خط فيه يكفّ عنك كفيفا
Then frighten him yourself with every cutting letter
So you hide it behind each explicit and cutting
inscribed in it: he will hold back from you, restrained.
Letter that suffices to blind it
هوit is حصرمan unripe grape فيin طرفthe eye منof يغتابهwhoever maligns it
هو حصرم في طرف من يغتابه
ماnot زالceased أنwhenever ذكرis mentioned اسمهits name مطروفاstruck in the eye
ما زال أن ذكر اسمه مطروفا
It is a sour grape in the eye of whoever maligns it;
It is a fortress against whoever envies it
whenever its name is mentioned, his eye remains stricken.
Who keeps mentioning its name belligerently
وهوand it is الحديدsteel القاطعcutting الماضيkeen الذيthat
وهو الحديد القاطع الماضي الذي
يبريshaves العظامthe bones ويحسمand severs الشرسوفاthe rib-cartilage
يبري العظام ويحسم الشرسوفا
It is sharp, keen-cutting steel that
And it is the cutting iron, determined and piercing
shaves the bones and severs the rib-cartilage.
That cuts through bone and severs the vertebrae
إنif شئتyou wish تلبسهto wear it علىdespite علاتهits faults
إن شئت تلبسه على علاته
فاهنأthen enjoy بهit أوor لاnot فدعهthen leave it نظيفاclean
فاهنأ به أو لا فدعه نظيفا
If you wish to wear it, faults and all,
If you wish, wear it despite its flaws
enjoy it; otherwise leave it clean.
And rejoice in it or not, so leave it clean
ولقدand indeed أجزتكI permitted you سفَّهُswallowing it dry أوor لعقَهُlicking it
ولقد أجزتك سفَّهُ أو لعقَهُ
أوor إنif تخفyou fear قيئاًvomiting فخذهthen take it مدوفاdissolved
أو إن تخف قيئاً فخذه مدوفا
Indeed, I have allowed you to swallow it dry or lick it,
I have permitted you to mock it or lick it
or, if you fear vomiting, take it dissolved.
Or if you fear vomiting, take it chewed
لكنbut حذارbeware منof الزيادةaddition فيهto it أوor
لكن حذار من الزيادة فيه أو
أنthat ترتأيyou consider استعمالهusing it محذوفاabridged
أن ترتأي استعماله محذوفا
But beware of adding to it, or
But beware excess with it or
considering using it with parts cut away,
Trying to use it with omissions
إذsince ليسthere is not فيهin it منany محلplace قابلsuitable
إذ ليس فيه من محل قابل
للحذفfor deletion أوor لزيادةfor addition تثقيفاas improvement
للحذف أو لزيادة تثقيفا
for nowhere in it is there a place fit
Since there is no appropriate place in it
for deletion or addition as an improvement.
For omission or additions to refine it
لوكانif there were يعشقloved جامدan inanimate thing لجمالهfor its beauty
لوكان يعشق جامد لجماله
لغداthen would become الورىmankind طراًall together بهwith it مشغوفاenamored
لغدا الورى طراً به مشغوفا
Were an inanimate thing loved for its beauty,
If it loved an inanimate thing for its beauty
all mankind would become enamored of it.
The world would fly madly enamored with it
ولئنand even if نزحتyou took it far away عنfrom الأنامmankind فإنهthen it
ولئن نزحت عن الأنام فإنه
يمشيgoes إليهtoward it حيثwherever كانit is زحوفاcrawling
يمشي إليه حيث كان زحوفا
Even if you took it far away from mankind,
And if you moved away from people, it would
people would crawl to it wherever it was.
Walk to them wherever they were, stooping
وإذاand if تخاصمquarrel كاذبانtwo liars فلحيةthen the beard الـof the—
وإذا تخاصم كاذبان فلحية الـ
أشقى—more wretched يغادرis left شعرهاits hair منتوفاplucked out
أشقى يغادر شعرها منتوفا
When two liars quarrel, the beard of the
And if two liars argued, the whiskers of
more wretched is left with its hairs plucked out,
The wretch would leave his cheeks plucked
حتىuntil كأنَّas though الشعرthe hair منfrom لحييهماtheir two jaws
حتى كأنَّ الشعر من لحييهما
قطنcotton الحشاياof cushions ناعماًsoft مندوفاcarded
قطن الحشايا ناعماً مندوفا
until the hair from both their jaws seems
Until it was as if the whiskers of them both
like stuffing cotton, soft and carded.
Were the soft cotton of sieves, combed
وحياةby the life رأسكof your head إنindeed رأسيmy head عارفknows
وحياة رأسك إن رأسي عارف
أنيthat I بهthrough it لنwill not أستفيدgain رغيفاa loaf
أني به لن أستفيد رغيفا
By the life of your head, my own head knows
And by your life, if my life knows
I shall not gain even a loaf through it,
That with it I will not gain a loaf
كلاno indeed ولاnor أقطاdried curds ولاnor حشفاshriveled dates ولاnor
كلا ولا أقطا ولا حشفا ولا
خزّاsilk cloth علىupon وتديmy peg ولاnor كرسوفاcotton
خزّا على وتدي ولا كرسوفا
nor dried curds, nor shriveled dates, nor
No, neither a fragment, nor a crumb, nor
silk cloth upon my peg, nor cotton.
A defect on my peg, nor a vertebra
لكنbut بقرنيin my horn حكةan itch هاجتstirred علىurging
لكن بقرني حكة هاجت على
إنيthat I أعالجundertake مرةonce تأليفاa composition
إني أعالج مرة تأليفا
But an itch in my horn stirred, urging
But with my skull an itch arose in me
me to attempt a composition for once.
To compose at times as treatment
منwhoever كانis يؤجرpaid كيto يؤلفcompose خطبةa sermon
من كان يؤجر كي يؤلف خطبة
فهوthen he is الخليقthe deserving one بأنto يعدbe counted عسيفاa hireling
فهو الخليق بأن يعد عسيفا
Whoever is paid to compose a sermon
Whoever is hired to compose a sermon
is the one fit to be counted a hireling.
Is worthy of being called a kneader
ماwhatever راحcirculates منof قوليmy speech فخذهthen take it وماand whatever تجدyou find
ما راح من قولي فخذه وما تجد
منof زائفcounterfeit فاتركهthen leave it ليfor me ملفوفاwrapped
من زائف فاتركه لي ملفوفا
Take whatever of my words circulates; whatever you find
Let whatever flows from my words take it, and whatever
counterfeit, leave wrapped up for me.
you find false, leave it to me, wrapped up
لاno بدescape أنthat تجدfind الصيارفthe money-changers مرةsometimes
لا بد أن تجد الصيارف مرة
بينamong الدراهمthe dirhams درهماًa dirham مزيوفاcounterfeit
بين الدراهم درهماً مزيوفا
Money-changers must sometimes find
You will inevitably find the monies sometimes
a counterfeit dirham among the dirhams.
Among the dirhams, a defective dirham
ولربَّand many a دينارdinar يجرdrags إليكtoward you منthe one whom
ولربَّ دينار يجر إليك من
تهوىyou love بلحيتهby his beard وليسand is not مشوفاpolished
تهوى بلحيته وليس مشوفا
Many a dinar drags toward you the one
How often a dinar draws you by
you love, by his beard, though it is unpolished.
Its beard, yet it is not seen
لاdo not يعلقنlet cling بزجاجto the glass عقلكof your mind ماwhat ترىyou see
لا يعلقن بزجاج عقلك ما ترى
فيهin it منof الصدأrust القديمancient كثيفاthick
فيه من الصدأ القديم كثيفا
Let not cling to the glass of your mind what you see
Do not hang on your mind's glass what you see in it
in it of thick, ancient rust.
Of old rust, however dense
منwhoever كانis فيin بلدa land لطيفاًgentle طبعهhis nature
من كان في بلد لطيفاً طبعه
يجدfinds الغليظroughness منfrom المحبthe loving friend لطيفاgentle
يجد الغليظ من المحب لطيفا
One whose nature is gentle in a land
Whoever's nature is gentle in a gentle town
finds even a loving friend’s roughness gentle.
Will find the lover's roughness gentle
لاdo not ترفسنsurely kick aside ماwhat سرَّdelighted منهin it لأجلbecause of ماwhat
لا ترفسن ما سرَّ منه لأجل ما
قدalready ساءoffended بلrather لاdo not تولهِgive it تأفيفاan 'ugh'
قد ساء بل لا تولهِ تأفيفا
Do not kick aside what delighted you in it because of what
Do not kick what pleased you because of what
offended you; indeed, do not even give it an “ugh.”
Upset you, rather, do not make it a habit
إنindeed المصنفthe compiler لاdoes not يكونbe مصنفاًa compiler
إن المصنف لا يكون مصنفاً
إلاexcept إذاwhen جعلhe makes الكلامdiscourse صنوفاdiverse kinds
إلا إذا جعل الكلام صنوفا
A compiler is not a compiler
The author cannot be an author
unless he makes his discourse diverse kinds.
Unless he makes the words varied
أوis it not ليسthe case أنthat الضربḍarb: kind or blow مثلlike الصنفṣinf: kind فيin الthe—
أو ليس أن الضرب مثل الصنف في ال
معنى—meaning وقرعand striking عصاof a stick إليهto it أضيفاwas added
معنى وقرع عصا إليه أضيفا
Is not “ḍarb” like “ṣinf” in
Or isn't beating an example like classification in
meaning, with a stick’s blow added to the former?
Meaning and tapping a staff was an addition
حاشاكfar be it from you أنto تقضيjudge عليّme تهافتاًrashly
حاشاك أن تقضي عليّ تهافتاً
منfrom قبلbefore أنthat تتحققyou ascertain التوقيفاthe authoritative information
من قبل أن تتحقق التوقيفا
Far be it from you to judge me rashly
Far from you to rule against me hastily
before you have ascertained the facts,
Before verifying the codification
فتقولthen you say قدindeed كفرbecame an unbeliever المؤلفthe author فاحشدواso gather
فتقول قد كفر المؤلف فاحشدوا
ياO قومpeople صاحبكمyour companion أتىcommitted تجديفاblasphemy
يا قوم صاحبكم أتى تجديفا
then say, “The author has become an unbeliever; gather!
Then say the author has blasphemed grossly
People, your companion has committed blasphemy!”
So rally, my people, your friend has spoken sacrilegiously
فتهيجso you rouse أربابthe masters الكنائسof the churches هيجةa tumult
فتهيج أرباب الكنائس هيجة
شؤمىill-omened فيخترطواso they draw عليهagainst him سيوفاswords
شؤمى فيخترطوا عليه سيوفا
Thus you would rouse the masters of the churches in
Then churchmen will angrily stir up
an ill-omened tumult, and they would draw swords against him.
A dire commotion and wield swords against him
بينيbetween me وبينكand you منof صلاتbonds مودةof friendship
بيني وبينك من صلات مودة
ماwhat يقطعcuts off التفسيقdeclaring someone sinful والتسقيفاand bishop-making
ما يقطع التفسيق والتسقيفا
Between me and you are bonds of friendship
Between you and I are ties of affection
that cut off denunciation and bishop-making.
That cut discord and accusation
لاdo not تزبئرّbristle إلىfor القتالbattle ولاnor إلىfor الـthe—
لا تزبئرّ إلى القتال ولا إلى الـ
ـشكوى—complaint ولاand do not تكbe بينناbetween us قذِّيفاa slanderer
ـشكوى ولا تك بيننا قذِّيفا
Do not bristle for battle or for
Do not roar for battle or complain
complaint, and do not be a slanderer between us.
And do not be a projectile between us
إنif كنتُI have إحساناًgoodness أتيتdone فدونكthen give الـthe—
إن كنتُ إحساناً أتيت فدونك الـ
ـتحبيذ—approval ليto me أوor لاnot فلاthen no تقذيفاslander
ـتحبيذ لي أو لا فلا تقذيفا
If I have done something good, then give me
If I brought good, then gratitude is due me
approval; otherwise, no slander.
Or not, so do not hurl projectiles
لاdo not تشتمنsurely curse أبيmy father ولاnor أميmy mother ولاnor
لا تشتمن أبي ولا أمي ولا
عرضيmy honor ولاand do not تكbe ليtoward me بذاكin that أليفاhabitual
عرضي ولا تك لي بذاك أليفا
Do not curse my father or my mother, nor
Do not insult my father or mother
my honor, nor make that your habit with me.
Or my honor or be to me in that intimate
إثميmy sin علىupon أنفيmy nose يناطis hung مدلدلاdangling
إثمي على أنفي يناط مدلدلا
ماnot أنemphatic particle يصيبtouches منamong العبادGod’s servants أنوفاnoses
ما أن يصيب من العباد أنوفا
My sin hangs dangling from my own nose;
My sin rests on my own self, dragging
it touches none of the noses of God’s servants.
Without afflicting people's noses
ولربِّand many a فسيقfoul اللسانin speech مباذئobscene man
ولربِّ فسيق اللسان مباذئ
يغدوbecomes وقدafter he فسقcalled sinful العفيفthe chaste man عفيفاchaste
يغدو وقد فسق العفيف عفيفا
Many a foul-tongued, obscene man
How often a loose tongue slanders
becomes “chaste” after calling the chaste man sinful;
And corrupts the chaste as chaste
ونزيهand a pure نفسsoul أنif يزرhe visits ذاone possessing زوجةa wife
ونزيه نفس أن يزر ذا زوجة
ويكونand becomes أنif ضحكتshe laughs لهat him عتريفاa rogue
ويكون أن ضحكت له عتريفا
and a pure-minded man, should he visit a married man,
And a pure soul may gaze at another's wife
becomes a rogue if she laughs at him.
And she may laugh at him flirtatiously
كلبrabid desire الكواعبfor full-breasted girls ليسdoes not يعديinfect غيرهanyone else
كلب الكواعب ليس يعدي غيره
ودواؤهand its cure كعبa heel يليهclose behind him منوفاraised high
ودواؤه كعب يليه منوفا
Rabid desire for full-breasted girls infects no one else;
The dog of coquettes only desires others
its cure is a high-raised heel close behind him.
And the cure is a kick followed by tail pulling
ماذاwhat blame علىupon مهدٍone offering إلىto إخوانهhis brothers
ماذا على مهدٍ إلى إخوانه
شيئاًsomething ألذَّmore delicious منthan المدامwine طريفاnovel
شيئاً ألذَّ من المدام طريفا
What blame is there on one who gives his brothers
What is sweeter for a baby on its bed
something novel, more delicious than wine,
Than wine's intoxication and trifling
سهرُwakefulness اللياليthrough the nights محكماًperfecting تفصيلهُits details
سهرُ الليالي محكماً تفصيلهُ
وهمwhile they رقودsleep يحكمونmaster جحيفاsnoring
وهم رقود يحكمون جحيفا
spending nights awake, perfecting its details,
Staying up nights composed fully
while they sleep, mastering their snoring?
While they sleep judging delusion
أرأيتhave you seen ذاone possessing كرمgenerosity يردّreject هديةa gift
أرأيت ذا كرم يردّ هدية
ويسومand subjects مهديهاits giver لهto him تعنيفاto rebuke
ويسوم مهديها له تعنيفا
Have you seen a generous man reject a gift
Have you seen one so ungrateful he returns
and subject its giver to rebuke?
A gift and reprimands its giver harshly?
أوis it not ليسthe case أنthat الدهرTime ... مازحاًjesting
أو ليس أن الدهر ... مازحاً
يهذيbabbles ويأتيand brings المضحكاتlaughable things جنوفاwayward
يهذي ويأتي المضحكات جنوفا
Is not Time ... jesting,
Or isn't it that time ... joking
babbling and bringing laughter, wayward?
Babbles and comes up with crazy talk
فاشتقso derive منfrom خرفgathering الجنىthe fruit ... ومنand from
فاشتق من خرف الجنى ... ومن
حصفgravel تهيwear out الأظفارthe nails منهfrom it حصيفاa prudent man
حصف تهي الأظفار منه حصيفا
Derive, then, from “kharf,” fruit-gathering ... and from
So it derived from the old vines' senility ... and from
“ḥaṣf,” gravel that wears nails, “ḥaṣīf,” a prudent man.
Plucking the claws become plucked
دعput aside عنكfrom yourself تعبيسthe scowling الأسودof lions وكنand be أخاًa brother
دع عنك تعبيس الأسود وكن أخاً
لأبيto Abū الحصينal-Ḥuṣayn: the fox مراوغاًevasive يهفوفاflighty
لأبي الحصين مراوغاً يهفوفا
Put aside the lions’ scowls and be a brother
Leave the scowling of lions and be a brother
to Abū al-Ḥuṣayn, the fox, evasive and flighty.
To Abul Hussein, slippery and dodging
منwhoever أضحكmade laugh السلطانthe sultan صوتthe sound ردامهof his farting
من أضحك السلطان صوت ردامه
فهوthen he is الذيthe one who فيamong الناسpeople عدَّwas counted عريفاa master
فهو الذي في الناس عدَّ عريفا
He whose fart-noise makes the sultan laugh
Whoever made the ruler laugh with his comic voice
is the one reckoned a master among the people.
Is the one among people considered witty
تمتended بهذاwith this البيتverse فاتحتيmy preface وقدand indeed
تمت بهذا البيت فاتحتي وقد
صيرتهI made it لبنائهاfor its structure تسقيفاa roof
صيرته لبنائها تسقيفا
With this verse my preface ends, and
This completes my opening, and I made it
I have made it a roof for its structure.
The roof for its structure and framing
لاdo not تقرأنsurely read منfrom بعدهafter it شيئاًanything ولوeven if
لا تقرأن من بعده شيئاً ولو
كلفتyou are charged حرفاًa letter واحداًsingle تكليفاas an obligation
كلفت حرفاً واحداً تكليفا
Read nothing after it, even if
Read nothing after it, even if
you are charged to read a single letter,
You are tasked with one extra letter
فتكونthen you will be قدalready أزلفتdrawn near ثمthen تجاوزتpassed beyond
فتكون قد أزلفت ثم تجاوزت
بكwith you رجلكyour foot اليسرىthe left لهits تاريفاmarked bounds
بك رجلك اليسرى له تاريفا
for then you will have drawn near, and afterward
For you will have overstepped, then your
your left foot will have taken you beyond its marked bounds.
Left foot will exceed it, stomping
إنيindeed I أرىsee كالريحlike wind فيin أذنيكyour ears عرthe scent—
إني أرى كالريح في أذنيك عر
ف—completion of 'scent' نصيحتيof my advice راحتhas gone سدىin vain وطليفاand wasted
ف نصيحتي راحت سدى وطليفا
I see that, like wind in your ears, the scent
I see that my advice is like the wind in your ears
of my advice has passed in vain, utterly wasted.
It left fruitlessly and died out
Sol 6.1