أحسنfulfill well أمانتكyour trust التيwhich قلدتهاyou were entrusted with
أحسن أمانتك التي قلدتها
طوقcollar الحمامةthe dove ماwhat تسرyou conceal وماand what ظهرis manifest
طوق الحمامة ما تسر وما ظهر
Honor well the trust with which you have been charged—
Honor the trust with which you have been invested,
a collar upon the dove, in secret and in public.
like a dove's collar, in what you conceal and what is manifest.
لقدindeed اتجرتyou have traded علىon behalf of الذينthose whom تؤمهمyou lead in prayer
لقد اتجرت على الذين تؤمهم
فاخترso choose علىover الخسرانloss ربحthe profit of المتجرthe trade
فاختر على الخسران ربح المتجر
You have indeed entered into a bargain concerning those you lead;
You have undertaken a trade on behalf of those you lead;
so choose the venture’s profit over loss.
so choose the trade's profit over its loss.
قدindeed قلدوكthey entrusted you with أمانةa trust مضمونةfor which you are answerable
قد قلدوك أمانة مضمونة
فاحذرso beware ضمانthe liability of مضيعa negligent person كلall الحذرcaution
فاحذر ضمان مضيع كل الحذر
They have entrusted you with a guaranteed trust;
They have entrusted you with a trust for which you are answerable;
so beware—beware utterly—the liability of one who neglects it.
so beware, utterly beware, the liability of one who neglects it.
واعرفand know لهاتيكof that الأمانةtrust قدرهاits worth
واعرف لهاتيك الأمانة قدرها
ليسis not الضمانthe liability بهاfor it ضماناًa liability يغتفرthat is excused
ليس الضمان بها ضماناً يغتفر
Know the true worth of that trust:
Know the worth of that trust;
liability for it is no liability that will be forgiven.
liability for it is not a liability that may be excused.
إنif ترعهاyou safeguard it نالواthey gain ونلتand you gain ثوابهاits reward
إن ترعها نالوا ونلت ثوابها
أوor خنتهاyou betray it سلمواthey are safe وأنتand you المؤتزرthe sin-bearer
أو خنتها سلموا وأنت المؤتزر
If you tend it well, they will gain its reward, and so will you;
If you safeguard it, they and you gain its reward;
but if you betray it, they will be safe while you bear the burden.
if you betray it, they are safe while you bear the sin.
قدindeed قمتyou stand بينbetween غنيمةgain وسلامةand safety
قد قمت بين غنيمة وسلامة
فاسلكso follow بأيهماalong whichever of the two ترىyou see الحزمprudence استقرhas settled
فاسلك بأيهما ترى الحزم استقر
You stand between gain and safety;
You stand between gain and safety;
take whichever path you deem the prudent one.
so follow whichever path you see prudence settled upon.
واستوفand give fully بينbetween سلامةsafety منfrom فعلهاundertaking it
واستوف بين سلامة من فعلها
وسلامةand safety منfrom تركهاleaving it حقthe due measure of النظرconsideration
وسلامة من تركها حق النظر
Consider fully, with due discernment,
Weigh fully the safety in undertaking it,
being safe by undertaking it and being safe by leaving it.
and the safety in leaving it, with due consideration.
فإنso if استطعتyou can fulfill حقوقهاits obligations وشروطهاand its conditions
فإن استطعت حقوقها وشروطها
تربتmay they be dust-covered يداكyour two hands أغنمseize the gain فنعمfor excellent is المدخرthe stored treasure
تربت يداك أغنم فنعم المدخر
If you can fulfill its rights and conditions,
If you can fulfill its obligations and conditions,
then—may your hands prosper—seize the gain: what excellent treasure!
dust upon your hands—seize the gain; what a fine treasure!
وإذاand if عجزتyou are unable ففيthen in السلامةsafety مغنمa gain
وإذا عجزت ففي السلامة مغنم
وأحقand the worthier of أمريكyour two courses البعيدthe one far عنfrom الخطرdanger
وأحق أمريك البعيد عن الخطر
But if you cannot, safety itself is a gain,
If you are unable, there is gain in safety;
and the wiser of your two choices is the one farthest from danger.
the worthier of your two courses is the one far from danger.
وإذاand if تركتyou leave معdespite استطاعةthe ability to فعلهاundertake it
وإذا تركت مع استطاعة فعلها
فالإِثمthen the sin بالتضييعthrough neglect يلزمbinds منwhoever قدرwas able
فالإِثم بالتضييع يلزم من قدر
Yet if you leave it despite being able to perform it,
If you leave it while able to undertake it,
the sin of neglect falls upon whoever was capable.
the sin of neglect falls upon whoever was capable.
إنindeed الامامةprayer leadership منصبan office ومقامهاand its station
إن الامامة منصب ومقامها
لمزيدfor greater اخلاصsincerity منfrom الكبرarrogance افتقرhas need
لمزيد اخلاص من الكبر افتقر
The imamate is an office, and its station
Leading prayer is an office, and its station
requires greater sincerity and freedom from pride.
requires greater sincerity, purged of arrogance.
لاdo not تبغهاseek it بذخاًostentation بهاthrough it وترفعاًand self-exaltation
لا تبغها بذخاً بها وترفعاً
فيكبكlest He cast you headlong الجبارthe Compeller يوماًone day فيinto سقرSaqar
فيكبك الجبار يوماً في سقر
Do not seek it for pomp or self-exaltation,
Do not seek it for ostentation and self-exaltation,
lest the Almighty cast you one day into Saqar.
lest the Compeller cast you headlong one day into Saqar.
لتكنlet it be أقاماتهاits performance علىbased on الاخلاصsincerity لاnot
لتكن أقاماتها على الاخلاص لا
لتكونso that you may be متبوعاًfollowed يعظمكrevere you البشرhumankind
لتكون متبوعاً يعظمك البشر
Let your undertaking of it rest upon sincerity, not
Let its performance rest upon sincerity, not
upon becoming a leader whom people magnify.
upon becoming someone followed and revered by people.
ومقاصدand the purposes of الألبابminds يعلمknows كيفهاtheir nature
ومقاصد الألباب يعلم كيفها
منHe who لاnot يغيبis hidden عنهfrom Him مطويthe folded-away الفكرthought
من لا يغيب عنه مطوي الفكر
The One from whom no hidden thought is absent
He knows the nature of the purposes within minds—
knows the true nature of hearts’ intentions.
He from whom no folded thought is hidden.
أترىdo you think يغالطهit deceives Him الضميرthe inward self وعلمهand His knowledge
أترى يغالطه الضمير وعلمه
محصhas scrutinized سواءalike منwhoever أسرconceals ومنand whoever جهرspeaks openly
محص سواء من أسر ومن جهر
Do you think the conscience can deceive Him, when His knowledge
Do you think the inward self can deceive Him, when His knowledge
is pure and equal regarding whatever is concealed or declared?
has sifted alike whoever conceals and whoever speaks openly?
فهبso suppose الخداعdeception معwith البريةhumankind نافعاًuseful
فهب الخداع مع البرية نافعاً
أتراهdo you think it عمنfrom Him who يعلمknows الغيبthe unseen استترis hidden
أتراه عمن يعلم الغيب استتر
Suppose deception availed you among created beings—
Suppose deception works with humankind;
could it remain hidden from Him who knows the unseen?
do you think it is hidden from Him who knows the unseen?
عملthe deeds of السرائرinward selves والظواهرand outward forms كلهall of it
عمل السرائر والظواهر كله
فيwithin علمthe knowledge of علامthe All-Knower of الغيوبunseen things قدindeed انحصرis encompassed
في علم علام الغيوب قد انحصر
Every deed, inward or outward,
All deeds of inward selves and outward forms
lies wholly within the knowledge of the All-Knower of unseen things.
are encompassed by the knowledge of the Knower of unseen things.
فارقpart from هواكyour desire ودعand leave لربكfor your Lord فطرةan innate nature
فارق هواك ودع لربك فطرة
محصتyou purged بالاخلاصthrough sincerity عنهاfrom it كلevery شرevil
محصت بالاخلاص عنها كل شر
Part from your desire, and leave to your Lord a nature
Part from your desire, and leave for your Lord a nature
purified by sincerity of every evil.
from which you have purged every evil through sincerity.
طهرpurify سريرتكyour inward self التيwhich آفاتهاits afflictions
طهر سريرتك التي آفاتها
سوءevil وصبغتهاand have stained it النقائصdefects والقذرand filth
سوء وصبغتها النقائص والقذر
Purify your inner self, whose afflictions are
Purify your inward self, whose afflictions
evil, and whose dye is imperfection and filth.
are evil, and which defects and filth have stained.
واحملand bear عمودthe pillar of الدينreligion ماwhenever حملتهyou are charged with it
واحمل عمود الدين ما حملته
عمنfrom whoever رآكdeemed you بهin it الضليعproficient المقتدرcapable
عمن رآك به الضليع المقتدر
Bear the pillar of religion, as you have been charged to bear it,
Bear the pillar of religion whenever you are charged with it
on behalf of those who saw you as capable and competent for it.
by whoever regards you as proficient and capable of it.
مهماwhenever حضرتyou join الناسthe people عندat صلاتهمtheir prayer
مهما حضرت الناس عند صلاتهم
ورآكand deemed you للتقديمfor being put forward أهلاًfit منwhoever حضرis present
ورآك للتقديم أهلاً من حضر
Whenever you are present among people at their prayer
Whenever you join people at their prayer,
and those present deem you fit to be put forward,
and those present deem you fit to be put forward,
فكنso be الامامthe imam ولاand no عليكblame upon you ولاand do not تضعneglect
فكن الامام ولا عليك ولا تضع
فرضthe duty of الجماعةthe congregation واحتسبand seek God's reward أجرthe reward of النفرthe group
فرض الجماعة واحتسب أجر النفر
then be the imam without misgiving; do not forsake
be the imam—no blame upon you—and do not neglect
the duty of congregational prayer, and seek the company’s reward.
the duty of congregational prayer; seek the group's reward.
لكنbut عليكincumbent upon you وظائفduties مشروعةprescribed
لكن عليك وظائف مشروعة
سفرتhave disclosed بهاconcerning them سننtraditions كماas سفرshone forth القمرthe moon
سفرت بها سنن كما سفر القمر
Yet you have prescribed duties
But you have prescribed duties,
made radiant by traditions, as the moon shines forth.
which traditions unveil, as the moon shines forth.
منهاamong them مراعاةwatching الأظلةthe shadows دائباًcontinually
منها مراعاة الأظلة دائباً
وأوائلand the beginnings of الأوقاتthe prayer times منamong ذاكthat الوطرaim
وأوائل الأوقات من ذاك الوطر
Among them is constant observance of the shadows
Among them is constant attention to the shadows;
and the beginnings of the prayer times—that is the aim.
the earliest prayer times are part of that aim.
إنindeed الأحبthe dearest منamong العبادthe servants لربهto his Lord
إن الأحب من العباد لربه
عبدa servant يراعىattends للأظلةto the shadows فيin الخبرthe report
عبد يراعى للأظلة في الخبر
The servant most beloved to his Lord
Indeed, the servant dearest to his Lord
is one who observes the shadows, according to the report.
is one who watches the shadows, according to the report.
وأوائلand the beginnings of الأوقاتthe prayer times رتبةa rank فضلهاtheir merit
وأوائل الأوقات رتبة فضلها
حضurged النبيthe Prophet وفعلهand his practice فيهاin them استمرcontinued
حض النبي وفعله فيها استمر
The beginnings of the times possess a rank of excellence;
The earliest times have a rank of merit
the Prophet urged them, and his practice in them continued.
the Prophet urged; his practice in them was constant.
رضوانgood pleasure ربكyour Lord أولthe beginning of الأوقاتthe prayer times والand the—
رضوان ربك أول الأوقات وال
أوساطmiddle times رحمتهHis mercy وعفوand pardon فيat الأخرthe last times
أوساط رحمته وعفو في الأخر
Your Lord’s pleasure is at the beginning of the times, His mercy
Your Lord's good pleasure is at the earliest times, and the
in their middles, and pardon at their ends.
middle times His mercy, and the last His pardon.
واستثنيand except العتماتlate-evening prayers فيon ليلthe nights of الشتاwinter
واستثني العتمات في ليل الشتا
والظهرand noon prayer للتبريدfor delaying until cooler فيon أيامdays of حرheat
والظهر للتبريد في أيام حر
Except the evening prayers on winter nights,
Make an exception for late-evening prayers on winter nights,
and noon prayer, delayed for coolness on hot days.
and noon prayer, delayed for coolness on hot days.
والبعضand some يختارprefer انتظارwaiting for جماعةa congregation
والبعض يختار انتظار جماعة
والبعضand some يختارprefer الحديثthe report كماas ظهرit is manifest
والبعض يختار الحديث كما ظهر
Some prefer waiting for a congregation;
Some prefer waiting for a congregation,
others prefer the transmitted teaching, as has become clear.
while others favor the report as it stands.
وإذاand when تهيأتis ready الجماعةthe congregation كلهاall of it
وإذا تهيأت الجماعة كلها
كبرproclaim God's greatness وهذاand this البابmatter منbelongs to حسنsoundness of النظرjudgment
كبر وهذا الباب من حسن النظر
Once the whole congregation is ready,
When the whole congregation is ready,
say the opening takbīr; this matter calls for sound judgment.
proclaim God's greatness; this is a matter of sound judgment.
واحذرand beware تقلدكyour assuming الامامةprayer leadership إنif تكنyou are
واحذر تقلدك الامامة إن تكن
لحانةa habitual misreciter إذsince أقرأthe best reciter of القومthe people الأثرthe transmitted report
لحانة إذ أقرأ القوم الأثر
Beware assuming the imamate if you are
Beware of assuming prayer leadership if you are
prone to grammatical error, for the best reciter leads the people by tradition—
a habitual misreciter: the report prescribes the people's best reciter.
حتىeven ولوand even if لمnot يفسدis corrupted المعنىthe meaning بهby it
حتى ولو لم يفسد المعنى به
إذsince لستyou are not فيunder حكمthe ruling of الحديثthe report بمعتبرcounted as qualified
إذ لست في حكم الحديث بمعتبر
even if your error does not corrupt the meaning,
Even if this does not corrupt the meaning,
since by the ruling of the hadith you are not eligible.
you are not deemed qualified under the report's ruling.
وتصحand it is valid إنif لمnot يفسدis corrupted المعنىthe meaning بهby it
وتصح إن لم يفسد المعنى به
إلاexcept الاساءةthe wrongdoing إنهاindeed it لاnot تغتفرis excused
إلا الاساءة إنها لا تغتفر
The prayer remains valid if the error does not corrupt the meaning,
The prayer is valid if the meaning is not corrupted by it,
though the offense itself is not excused.
yet the fault remains: it is not excused.
والبعضand some إنif بدلتyou replace أيةa verse of رحمةmercy
والبعض إن بدلت أية رحمة
بالضدwith the opposite والتوحيدand monotheism بالشركwith polytheism اعتبرtakes into account
بالضد والتوحيد بالشرك اعتبر
Some consider it invalid if you change a verse of mercy
Some deem it invalid if you replace a verse of mercy
into its opposite, or monotheism into polytheism.
with its opposite, or monotheism with polytheism.
والبعضand some إنif بدلتyou replace توحيداًmonotheism بشرwith polytheism (fragment)
والبعض إن بدلت توحيداً بشر
كcompletes 'polytheism' أوor عكستهماyou reverse the two علىto هذاthis اقتصرconfines his ruling
ك أو عكستهما على هذا اقتصر
Others restrict invalidity to changing monotheism into polythe—
Others, if you replace monotheism with polytheism
ism, or reversing the two.
or reverse the two, confine their ruling to this.
ويشاكلand resembles اللحنfaulty recitation الوقوفpausing يبدلit changes الthe—
ويشاكل اللحن الوقوف يبدل ال
معنىmeaning وقيلand it was said إذاif بتوحيدto monotheism أضرit causes harm
معنى وقيل إذا بتوحيد أضر
Improper pausing resembles grammatical error when it changes the
Pausing resembles faulty recitation when it changes the
meaning; and it is said to harm when it affects monotheism.
meaning; some say, when it impairs monotheism.
ونظيرهand its counterpart الاهمالleaving letters undotted والاعجامand dotting letters فيin الthe—
ونظيره الاهمال والاعجام في ال
قرآنQur'an إذsince بهماthrough the two يؤولit turns إلىinto الغيرsomething different
قرآن إذ بهما يؤول إلى الغير
Comparable are leaving letters undotted or dotting them wrongly in the
Likewise, leaving letters undotted and dotting them in the
Qur’an, since either can turn the wording into something else.
Qur'an, when the two turn it into something different.
ونظيرهand its counterpart جهلignorance of المخارجarticulation points للحروof the letters (fragment)
ونظيره جهل المخارج للحرو
فcompletes 'letters' علىupon الصلاةthe prayer لمنfor whoever يؤمis led in prayer بهby him ضررharm
ف على الصلاة لمن يؤم به ضرر
Comparable too is ignorance of the articulation points of let—
Likewise, ignorance of the letters' articulation points
ters, which harms the prayer of those led by such a person.
harms the prayer of those led by him.
ويؤمهمand may lead them in prayer ذوone with آفةan impairment بلسانهin his tongue
ويؤمهم ذو آفة بلسانه
إنif لمnot يكنis عنdue to جهلهhis ignorance الحرفthe letter انكسرwas distorted
إن لم يكن عن جهله الحرف انكسر
A person with a defect of speech may lead them
Someone with an impediment in his tongue may lead them,
if the letter was not distorted through his ignorance.
provided the letter's distortion does not come from ignorance.
ويصحand it is valid منfrom ذيone with لكنةan accent إنif كانis ماwhat
ويصح من ذي لكنة إن كان ما
تجزيsuffices for الصلاةthe prayer بهwith it منof الآيthe verses استقرis firmly established
تجزي الصلاة به من الآي استقر
Prayer behind one with a speech impediment is valid if he has mastered
One with an accent may validly lead, provided what
enough verses for a valid prayer.
suffices of the verses for prayer is firmly mastered.
ومبدلand one replacing حرفاًa letter بحرفwith a letter إنif يكنit is
ومبدل حرفاً بحرف إن يكن
عنdue to آفةan impairment أوor فطرةinnate nature وقعhas come الأثرthe transmitted report
عن آفة أو فطرة وقع الأثر
So too one who substitutes one letter for another, if
And one who replaces a letter with another, if it is
the effect arises from an impairment or innate disposition.
due to impairment or innate nature: so the report states.
وحديثand the report of سينsīn (the letter s) بلالBilal المشهورthe well-known لاnot
وحديث سين بلال المشهور لا
نرضىwe accept بهit فالوضعfor fabrication فيهin it المعتبرthe recognized judgment
نرضى به فالوضع فيه المعتبر
As for the famous report about Bilal’s pronouncing sīn, we do not
The well-known report about Bilal's sīn—we do not
accept it, for fabrication is the sound judgment concerning it.
accept it; it is judged fabricated.
ومنand among الوظائفthe duties أنthat تكونyou be مرتلاًa measured reciter
ومن الوظائف أن تكون مرتلاً
أوand do ...? ماnot ترىyou see نصthe text of الكتابthe Book بهاconcerning it أمرcommands
أو ما ترى نص الكتاب بها أمر
Another duty is that you recite measuredly—
Among the duties is to recite with measured clarity;
do you not see that the explicit Book commands it?
do you not see that the Book's text commands it?
ووظيفةand the duty of التخفيفbrevity للأركانfor the essential acts لاdo not
ووظيفة التخفيف للأركان لا
تهملneglect ولاand do not تكنbe المنفرthe one driving away منwhoever نفرflees
تهمل ولا تكن المنفر من نفر
And do not neglect the duty of lightening the prayer’s pillars;
The duty of keeping the essential acts brief—do not
do not be one whose conduct drives people away.
neglect it, nor be the cause of anyone's flight.
ناهيكenough warning for you ماwhat لاقىreceived معاذMu‘adh منfrom رسوMessenger (fragment)
ناهيك ما لاقى معاذ من رسو
لcompletes 'Messenger' اللّهGod منof زجرrebuke بتطويلfor prolonging السورthe surahs
ل اللّه من زجر بتطويل السور
Sufficient warning is what Muʿādh received from the Messen—
Enough warning is what Mu‘adh received from the Messenger
ger of God: a rebuke for lengthening the surahs.
of God: rebuke for prolonging the surahs.
والناسand people فيin الأحوالcircumstances شتىvaried فليكنso let ... be
والناس في الأحوال شتى فليكن
هذاthis الامامimam مراعياًmindful of حالthe condition of الفطرnatural dispositions
هذا الامام مراعياً حال الفطر
People’s circumstances differ, so let
People differ in their circumstances; let
this imam take their natural conditions into account.
this imam be mindful of their natural capacities.
وليرعand let him attend to تسويةstraightening الصفوفthe rows بنفسهhimself
وليرع تسوية الصفوف بنفسه
أوor غيرهsomeone else كالفعلlike the practice منof خيرthe best of البشرhumankind
أو غيره كالفعل من خير البشر
Let him personally ensure that the rows are straight,
Let him personally see to straightening the rows,
or appoint another, following the practice of the best of humankind.
or through another, as did the best of humankind.
ولينوand let him intend هاتيكthat الامامةprayer leadership آتياًone arriving
ولينو هاتيك الامامة آتياً
إنif جاءhe comes منfrom بعدafter الدخولthe beginning ومنand whoever حضرis present
إن جاء من بعد الدخول ومن حضر
Let him intend that imamate to include latecomers—
Let him intend that imamate for one arriving,
whoever arrives after prayer begins as well as whoever is already present.
if he comes after the start, and for those already present.
وليجزمand let him end crisply التكبيرthe takbir والتسليمand the salutation كيso that
وليجزم التكبير والتسليم كي
يقعاthe two occur منfrom المأمومthe prayer-follower بعدafterward علىin الأثرimmediate succession
يقعا من المأموم بعد على الأثر
Let him articulate the takbīr and salutation decisively, so that
Let him end the takbir and salutation crisply, so that
the follower performs them afterward, following his lead.
the follower's come afterward, in immediate succession.
ومتىand whenever يكبرhe says the takbir أوor ليسمعto make himself heard فليزدlet him increase
ومتى يكبر أو ليسمع فليزد
فيin رفعهhis raising للصوتof the voice والسمعand hearing القدرthe measure
في رفعه للصوت والسمع القدر
Whenever he says the takbīr or speaks to be heard, let him increase
When he says the takbir, or seeks to be heard, let him increase
his voice only to the degree needed for hearing.
the volume of his voice to the measure needed for hearing.
وليخلصنand let ... be wholly sincere القصدthe intention للمأمومfor the prayer-follower فيin
وليخلصن القصد للمأموم في
حفظobserving الحدودthe bounds البطناتthe inward ones وماand what ظهرis manifest
حفظ الحدود البطنات وما ظهر
Let his intention toward the follower be wholly sincere in
Let the follower's intention be wholly sincere in
preserving the prayer’s limits, inward and outward.
observing the inward bounds and what is outward.
ولينتقلand let him move منfrom مضوعa place صلىhe prayed بهin it
ولينتقل من مضوع صلى به
منfrom بعدafter ماwhen يقضيhe finishes الصلاةthe prayer إلىto مقرa resting place
من بعد ما يقضي الصلاة إلى مقر
After completing the prayer, let him move from the place
Let him move from the place where he prayed,
where he led it to another spot—
after finishing the prayer, to another spot,
فيin مسجدa mosque أوor منزلa house أوor غيرهsomewhere else
في مسجد أو منزل أو غيره
زالتhas ended امامتهhis prayer leadership فماذاso what ينتظرdoes he await
زالت امامته فماذا ينتظر
within a mosque, a house, or elsewhere;
in a mosque, a house, or elsewhere;
his imamate has ended, so what is he waiting for?
his imamate has ended—what does he await?
ولينحرفand let him turn صوبtoward اليمينthe right إذاwhen انتحىhe departs
ولينحرف صوب اليمين إذا انتحى
إلاexcept الصحارىopen deserts فالامامthen the imam إذاif قدرis able
إلا الصحارى فالامام إذا قدر
Let him turn toward the right when turning aside—
Let him turn toward the right when he departs,
except in open country, where the imam may turn as he can.
except in open deserts; there, if the imam is able,
ولينتخبand let him select ذاone possessing الأفضليةsuperiority منهمfrom among them
ولينتخب ذا الأفضلية منهم
ويسدand fill قفوتهthe space behind him وذاand this خبرa report ظهرhas appeared
ويسد قفوته وذا خبر ظهر
Let him choose from among them the most excellent person
let him choose the most excellent among them
to stand directly behind him; this is established by report.
to fill the space behind him; this is a known report.
هذاthis لأنbecause لذيfor one holding الأمامةprayer leadership رتبةa rank
هذا لأن لذي الأمامة رتبة
فيin البرrighteousness فالأولىso the more fitting thing بهfor him تقريرestablishing برrighteousness
في البر فالأولى به تقرير بر
This is because the holder of the imamate has a rank
This is because one who holds the imamate has a rank
in righteousness, so it is best to station a righteous man behind him.
in righteousness, so establishing righteousness befits him.
ويكونand he is لاستخلافهfor succeeding him مهماwhenever عناarises
ويكون لاستخلافه مهما عنا
أمرa matter وماand how أحفىsolicitous الخلافةdeputyship بالخيرfor goodness
أمر وما أحفى الخلافة بالخير
He can then serve as his deputy whenever some matter
He can also serve as his substitute whenever
befalls us—and how fittingly succession preserves the good!
a matter arises—how well deputyship serves goodness!
وليجتهدand let him strive عندduring الدعاءsupplication معمماًmaking it inclusive
وليجتهد عند الدعاء معمماً
لاnot يختصصsingle himself out بدعائهwith his supplication عمنapart from whoever حضرis present
لا يختصص بدعائه عمن حضر
Let him strive, when supplicating, to include everyone;
Let him strive in supplication, making it inclusive,
he must not reserve his prayer for himself apart from those present.
not singling himself out in prayer from those present.
فيعمso let ... encompass فيin حقthe case of الوليthe faithful ally دعاؤهhis supplication
فيعم في حق الولي دعاؤه
وعداand beyond الوليthe faithful ally لمصلحfor what improves الأخرىthe life to come يذرhe leaves
وعدا الولي لمصلح الأخرى يذر
Thus his prayer embraces the friend of God as his due,
Let his supplication be all-embracing for the faithful ally,
while leaving the rest to the One who sets the Hereafter aright.
and for others, reserve it for what improves the life to come.
ومقامهand his station يقضيrequires عليهof him بأنهthat he is
ومقامه يقضي عليه بأنه
وفدan envoy إلىto البرthe Beneficent الكريمthe Generous لنيلto attain برbounty
وفد إلى البر الكريم لنيل بر
His station requires him to regard himself
His station requires of him that he be
as a delegation to the Generous and Righteous One, seeking beneficence.
an envoy to the Beneficent, the Generous, seeking bounty.
والوفدand the envoy أحجىmore likely أنto ينالreceive كرامةhonor
والوفد أحجى أن ينال كرامة
إنif لمnot يكنhas فيwithin النفسhimself حاجتهhis request حصرconfined
إن لم يكن في النفس حاجته حصر
A delegation is likelier to receive honor
An envoy is likelier to receive honor
if no private need constricts its soul.
if he has not confined his request to himself.
حققbe certain بعينكwith your eye فيregarding الكريمthe Generous فإنهfor He
حقق بعينك في الكريم فإنه
عندaccording to الظنونexpectations لمنfor whoever توجهturns toward Him وافتقرand is needy
عند الظنون لمن توجه وافتقر
Fix your certainty upon the Generous One: He accords
Fix your gaze with certainty upon the Generous, for He is
with the expectations of whoever turns to Him in need.
as expected by whoever turns to Him in need.
وإذاand when توجهتturns السريرةthe inward self نحوهtoward Him
وإذا توجهت السريرة نحوه
رجعتit returns برحمتهby His mercy بعائدةwith the benefit of الوطرthe desired aim
رجعت برحمته بعائدة الوطر
When the inward heart turns toward Him,
When the inward self turns toward Him,
it returns through His mercy with its desire granted.
it returns, by His mercy, with its desire fulfilled.
لمnot يقصدhas sought الرحمنthe All-Merciful صادقone sincere in أوبةreturning
لم يقصد الرحمن صادق أوبة
رغباًin longing ورهباًand fear فيin مقامa station فانخسرand then lost
رغباً ورهباً في مقام فانخسر
No one has sincerely returned to the All-Merciful,
No sincere penitent has sought the All-Merciful
in hope and fear, at any station and come away a loser.
in longing and fear, in any station, and suffered loss.
فاجعلso place همومكyour concerns فيin الصلاةprayer فإنهاfor it
فاجعل همومك في الصلاة فإنها
سببa means مبينclear للصلاتto gifts وللبشرand to glad tidings
سبب مبين للصلات وللبشر
Make all your concerns center upon prayer, for it is
Place your concerns in prayer, for it is
a manifest means of communion and glad tidings.
a clear means to gifts and glad tidings.
واحفظand preserve لربكfor your Lord روحهاits spirit وحياتهاand its life
واحفظ لربك روحها وحياتها
سيانalike لوif أبصرتyou saw ميتاًa corpse والحجرand a stone
سيان لو أبصرت ميتاً والحجر
Preserve for your Lord its spirit and its life;
Preserve for your Lord its spirit and its life;
without them, seeing a corpse or a stone would be the same.
were you to look, a corpse and a stone are alike.
وحياتهاand its life اخلاصهاits sincerity وخشوعهاand its humble reverence
وحياتها اخلاصها وخشوعها
وخضوعand submission of قلبa heart بالعلائقby attachments محتظرfenced in
وخضوع قلب بالعلائق محتظر
Its life is its sincerity, reverence,
Its life is its sincerity and humble reverence,
and the submission of a heart enclosed against attachments.
and the submission of a heart fenced in by attachments.
وظواهرand the outward forms of الأركانthe essential acts محضmere وسائطmeans
وظواهر الأركان محض وسائط
فإذاand when تزكىis purified السرthe inward self أصلحit rectifies ماwhat ظهرis manifest
فإذا تزكى السر أصلح ما ظهر
The outward pillars are merely instruments;
The outward forms of the essential acts are mere means;
when the inner secret is purified, it rectifies what appears.
when the inward self is purified, it sets right what is outward.
وعبادةand worship through الحركاتmovements والسكناتand stillness فيunder
وعبادة الحركات والسكنات في
حكمthe rule of القلوبhearts وهاand behold هناhere الشأنthe matter انحصرis contained
حكم القلوب وها هنا الشأن انحصر
The worship expressed by movements and stillness falls under
Worship through movements and stillness is under
the governance of hearts; here the whole matter lies.
the governance of hearts; herein the matter is contained.
فاربطso bind علىto هذاthis المقامstation القلبthe heart لاdo not
فاربط على هذا المقام القلب لا
يغررlet it be led into peril فشأنfor the way of قلوبناour hearts كرcharging وفرand retreating
يغرر فشأن قلوبنا كر وفر
Bind the heart firmly to this station, lest
Fasten the heart upon this station; do not
it expose itself to peril—for our hearts charge and retreat.
let it be led astray: our hearts charge and retreat.
والقلبand the heart بيتthe house of اللّهGod فيهwithin it نورهHis light
والقلب بيت اللّه فيه نوره
نظرlooks الكريمthe Generous إليهtoward it ليسnot إلىtoward الصورoutward forms
نظر الكريم إليه ليس إلى الصور
The heart is God’s house, and within it is His light;
The heart is God's house; within it is His light;
the Generous One looks at it, not at outward forms.
the Generous looks toward it, not toward outward forms.
فاستقصso bring wholly قلبكyour heart فيto مقامthe station of شهودهwitnessing Him
فاستقص قلبك في مقام شهوده
لاdo not تعطهgive Him شطراًhalf وشطراًand half فيon عمر‘Umar
لا تعطه شطراً وشطراً في عمر
Devote your whole heart while standing in His presence;
Bring your whole heart to the station of witnessing Him;
do not give Him one portion and another portion over a lifetime.
do not give Him half while the other half is with ‘Umar.
واصلsustain مقامكyour station فيin الصلاةprayer وغيرهاand outside it
واصل مقامك في الصلاة وغيرها
عبداًas a servant علىin الاحسانexcellence وردكyour coming والصدرand going
عبداً على الاحسان وردك والصدر
Maintain your station in prayer and outside it,
Sustain your station in prayer and outside it,
a servant abiding in excellence, whether approaching or departing.
a servant devoted to excellence, in your coming and going.
وإذاand when ذكرتyou remember اللّهGod فاعرفthen recognize قدرهHis worth
وإذا ذكرت اللّه فاعرف قدره
بينbetween الرجاhope والخوفand fear مصروفturned الفكرin thought
بين الرجا والخوف مصروف الفكر
When you remember God, recognize His majesty,
When you remember God, recognize His worth,
your thought moving between hope and fear.
with your thought turned between hope and fear,
مستشعراًinwardly feeling تحتbeneath الجلالةmajesty خشيةawe
مستشعراً تحت الجلالة خشية
ومهابةand reverence لاno حظshare عندكwithin you للأثرfor created traces
ومهابة لا حظ عندك للأثر
Beneath His grandeur, be inwardly filled with awe
inwardly feeling awe beneath His majesty,
and reverence, taking no account of any outward impression.
and reverence, leaving created traces no share within you.
لاdo not تعدُexceed طوركyour bounds فيin المواطنthe stations كلهاall of them
لا تعدُ طورك في المواطن كلها
أنتyou الفقيرthe needy one إليهbefore Him فيin نفعbenefit وضرand harm
أنت الفقير إليه في نفع وضر
Never exceed your proper bounds in any situation;
Do not exceed your bounds in any station;
you are the one in need of Him, in benefit and harm.
you are the needy one before Him, in benefit and harm.
وجماعand the sum of هذاthis الأمرmatter فقرneed مطلقabsolute
وجماع هذا الأمر فقر مطلق
وعبودةand servitude محضpure وصفوand clarity منfrom كدرmurk
وعبودة محض وصفو من كدر
The sum of this whole matter is absolute neediness,
The sum of this matter is absolute need,
pure servitude, and serenity free of all turbidity.
pure servitude, and clarity without murk.
Sol 6.1