رَأَيتُI saw زِياداًZiyad يَجتَوينيhe loathes me بِشَرِّهِwith his malice
رَأَيتُ زِياداً يَجتَويني بِشَرِّهِ
وَأُعرِضُand I turn away عَنهُfrom him وَهوَthough he is بادٍexposed مَقاتِلُهhis vulnerable spots
وَأُعرِضُ عَنهُ وَهوَ بادٍ مَقاتِلُه
I saw Ziyad treating me with spiteful aversion,
and I turn away from him, though his vulnerable spots lie exposed.
وَكُلُّand every امرىءٍperson واللَهُand God بِالناسabout people عالِمٌwell aware
وَكُلُّ امرىءٍ واللَهُ بِالناس عالِمٌ
لَهُhe has عادَةٌa habit قامَتwere founded عَلَيهاupon it شَمائِلُهُhis character traits
لَهُ عادَةٌ قامَت عَلَيها شَمائِلُهُ
And every man—and God knows mankind—
has a habit on which his character is founded.
تَعَوَّدَهاhe grew accustomed to it فيماin what مَضىpassed مِنof شَبابِهِhis youth
تَعَوَّدَها فيما مَضى مِن شَبابِهِ
كَذَلِكَlikewise يَدعوsummons كُلَّevery أَمرٍaffair أَوائِلُهits beginnings
كَذَلِكَ يَدعو كُلَّ أَمرٍ أَوائِلُه
He acquired it in the bygone days of his youth;
so every affair is drawn onward by its beginnings.
وَيُعجِبُهُand it pleases him صَفحيmy pardon لَهُtoward him وَتَحمُّليand my forbearance
وَيُعجِبُهُ صَفحي لَهُ وَتَحمُّلي
وَذوand one possessing الجَهلِfoolishness يُحذيbestows الفُحشَabuse مَنon whoever لاdoes not يُعاجِلُهretaliate against him promptly
وَذو الجَهلِ يُحذي الفُحشَ مَن لا يُعاجِلُه
And my pardoning him and my forbearance delight him;
a fool heaps abuse on whoever does not swiftly retaliate against him.
فَقُلتُso I said لَهُto him ذَرنيleave me وَشَأنيَand my affairs إِنَّناindeed we
فَقُلتُ لَهُ ذَرني وَشَأنيَ إِنَّنا
كِلاناeach of us عَليهِincumbent on him مَعمَلٌa task فَهوَso he is عامِلُهits doer
كِلانا عَليهِ مَعمَلٌ فَهوَ عامِلُه
So I told him: Leave me to my affairs, for we
each have a task laid upon us, and each must perform it.
فَلَولاwere it not for الَّذيthat which قَدpossibly يُرتَجىis hoped for مِنfrom رَجائِهِhope in him
فَلَولا الَّذي قَد يُرتَجى مِن رَجائِهِ
لَجَرَّبتَyou would have experienced مِنّيfrom me بَعضَsome of ماwhat أَنتَyou جاهِلُهare ignorant of it
لَجَرَّبتَ مِنّي بَعضَ ما أَنتَ جاهِلُه
Were it not for what may be hoped for by placing hope in him,
you would have experienced from me some of what you do not know.
لَجَرَّبتَyou would have found أَنّيthat I أَجلِبُI bring الغَيَّruin مَنwhoever غَوىdoes wrong
لَجَرَّبتَ أَنّي أَجلِبُ الغَيَّ مَن غَوى
عَليَّagainst me وَأَجزيand I repay ماwhat جَزىhe dealt وَأُطاوِلُهand I strive to outlast him
عَليَّ وَأَجزي ما جَزى وَأُطاوِلُه
You would have found that I bring ruin on whoever does wrong
to me; I repay him in kind and strive to outlast him.
كَماjust as كُنتَyou were لَوif آخَيتَنيyou took me as a brother لَوَجَدتَنيyou would have found me
كَما كُنتَ لَو آخَيتَني لَوَجَدتَني
أُكارِمُI vie in generosity with مَنwhomever آخَيتُهُI took as a brother وَأُباذِلُهand I share freely with him
أُكارِمُ مَن آخَيتُهُ وَأُباذِلُه
Likewise, had you been a brother to me, you would have found me
vying in generosity with whomever I take as a brother, and sharing freely with him.
وَذوand one possessing خَطلٍrecklessness فيin القَولِspeech ماwhatever يَعتَرِضcomes up لَهُto him
وَذو خَطلٍ في القَولِ ما يَعتَرِض لَهُ
مِنَof القَولِspeech مِنfrom ذيone possessing إِربَةٍshrewdness فَهوَhe then قَائِلُهsays it
مِنَ القَولِ مِن ذي إِربَةٍ فَهوَ قَائِلُه
And one reckless in speech—whatever comes his way
of words from a shrewd man, he repeats them.
ونَمٍّand a tale-bearer ظَنونٍuntrustworthy مُستَظَنٍّsuspected مُلَعَّنٍmuch accursed
ونَمٍّ ظَنونٍ مُستَظَنٍّ مُلَعَّنٍ
لُحومُflesh of الصَديقِthe friend لَهوُهُhis pastime وَمآكِلُهand his fare
لُحومُ الصَديقِ لَهوُهُ وَمآكِلُه
And a tale-bearer, untrustworthy, suspected, much accursed—
a friend's flesh is his pastime and his fare.
تَجاوَزتُI overlooked عَمّاconcerning what قالَhe said ليto me واحتَسَبتُهُand sought reward for bearing it
تَجاوَزتُ عَمّا قالَ لي واحتَسَبتُهُ
وَكانَand it was مِنَamong الذَنبِsin الَّذيwhich هوَhe نائِلُهthe one incurring it
وَكانَ مِنَ الذَنبِ الَّذي هوَ نائِلُه
I overlooked what he said to me and sought reward for bearing it;
and it was among the sins he himself would incur.
فَقُلتُso I said لِنَفسيto myself والتَذَكُّرُand reflection كَالنُهىlike reason
فَقُلتُ لِنَفسي والتَذَكُّرُ كَالنُهى
أَتَسخَطُdo you resent ماwhat يَأَتيhe brings بِهِwith it وَتُماثِلُهand you imitate him
أَتَسخَطُ ما يَأَتي بِهِ وَتُماثِلُه
So I said to myself—and reflection is akin to reason—
Do you resent what he does, yet imitate him?
فَكَدَّso he strove قَليلاًa little ثُمَthen صَدَّhe turned away وَقَدand already بَنَتbecame blunted (reading uncertain)
فَكَدَّ قَليلاً ثُمَ صَدَّ وَقَد بَنَت
عَلىdespite كُرهِهِhis reluctance أَنيابُهُhis fangs وَأَنامِلُهand his fingertips
عَلى كُرهِهِ أَنيابُهُ وَأَنامِلُه
He strove a little, then turned away; already blunted were
his fangs and fingertips, against his will.
فَماso not إِنindeed تَرانيyou see me ضَرَّنيhe harmed me إِذwhen تَرَكتُهُI left him
فَما إِن تَراني ضَرَّني إِذ تَرَكتُهُ
بِظَهريbehind my back وَأَشقىand the most wretched of الناسِpeople بِالشَرِّthrough evil فاعِلُهits doer
بِظَهري وَأَشقى الناسِ بِالشَرِّ فاعِلُه
So you see he did me no harm when I left him
behind me; evil's doer is the one who suffers most from it.
وَمُؤتَمَنٍand one entrusted بِالسِرِّwith a secret أَوثَقتُI bound securely سِرَّهُhis secret
وَمُؤتَمَنٍ بِالسِرِّ أَوثَقتُ سِرَّهُ
مَعwith القَلبِthe heart مَقروناًbound بِهِto it لاnot يُزايِلُهit parts from it
مَع القَلبِ مَقروناً بِهِ لا يُزايِلُه
And a trusted confidant—his secret I bound
to my heart, tied to it, never to part from it.
وَأَسمَعتُand I made hear مَنthe one whom أَخشىI fear عَليهِfor him مَغازِلَspindles (allusions) الthe
وَأَسمَعتُ مَن أَخشى عَليهِ مَغازِلَ ال
حَديثِspeech وَأَحراسُand the guardians of الحَديثِthe speech مَغازِلُهits spindles
حَديثِ وَأَحراسُ الحَديثِ مَغازِلُه
And I let the one I fear for hear the spindles of
speech; speech's guardians are its spindles.
وَصاحِبَand a companion of صِدقٍtruthfulness ذيpossessing حَياءٍmodesty وَجُرأَةٍand courage
وَصاحِبَ صِدقٍ ذي حَياءٍ وَجُرأَةٍ
يَنالُreaches الصَديقَthe friend نَصرُهُhis aid وَفواضِلُهand his bounties
يَنالُ الصَديقَ نَصرُهُ وَفواضِلُه
And a true companion, possessed of modesty and courage,
whose help and bounties reach his friend,
كَريمٍgenerous حَليمٍforbearing يَكسِبُhe gains الحَمدَpraise والنَدىand bounty
كَريمٍ حَليمٍ يَكسِبُ الحَمدَ والنَدى
إِذاwhen الوَرَعُthe cautious man الهَيّابُthe timorous قَلَّتdwindled نَوافِلُهhis gifts
إِذا الوَرَعُ الهَيّابُ قَلَّت نَوافِلُه
generous and forbearing, who gains praise and bounty,
when the cautious, timorous man's gifts grow few—
مَدَدتُI stretched بِحَبلِwith the cord of الودِّaffection بَينيbetween me وَبينَهُand between him
مَدَدتُ بِحَبلِ الودِّ بَيني وَبينَهُ
كِلاناeach of us مُجِدٌّdiligent ماwhat يَليهِlies next to him وَواصِلُهand joining it
كِلانا مُجِدٌّ ما يَليهِ وَواصِلُه
I stretched affection's cord between myself and him;
each of us diligently tends his own end and keeps it joined.
وَغَيثٌand a rain-fed pasture مِنfrom الوَسمِيِّthe early autumn rains حُوٌّdark green تِلاعُهُits gullies
وَغَيثٌ مِن الوَسمِيِّ حُوٌّ تِلاعُهُ
تَمَنَّعَgrew beyond reach زَهواًin proud luxuriance نَبتُهُits vegetation وَسَوابِلُهand its drooping stalks
تَمَنَّعَ زَهواً نَبتُهُ وَسَوابِلُه
And a pasture fed by early autumn rains, its gullies dark green,
its plants and drooping stalks rising proudly beyond reach,
كَأَنَّas though الظِباءَthe gazelles الأُدمَthe tawny فيin حُجُراتِهِits recesses
كَأَنَّ الظِباءَ الأُدمَ في حُجُراتِهِ
وَجُونَand the dark ones of النَعامِthe ostriches شاجِنٌShajin وَجَمائِلُهand his camel herds
وَجُونَ النَعامِ شاجِنٌ وَجَمائِلُه
as though the tawny gazelles in its recesses
and the dark ostriches were Shajin and his camel herds.
هَبَطتُI descended إِذاwhen ماfor emphasis الآلُthe mirage آضَbecame كَأَنَّهُas though it were
هَبَطتُ إِذا ما الآلُ آضَ كَأَنَّهُ
عِضاهٌthorn trees تَرَدّىdraped themselves بِالمُلاءِin mantles أُطاوِلُهits tallest trees (contextual reading)
عِضاهٌ تَرَدّى بِالمُلاءِ أُطاوِلُه
I descended into it when the mirage had become as though it were
thorn trees, their tallest draped in mantles.
تَسَمَّعتُI listened closely وَاستَوضَحتُand looked carefully ثُمَّthen استَجَزتُهُI crossed it
تَسَمَّعتُ وَاستَوضَحتُ ثُمَّ استَجَزتُهُ
بِأَبيَضَby a pale track مَلحوبٍwell-trodden قَواءٍdeserted مَنازِلُهits halting places
بِأَبيَضَ مَلحوبٍ قَواءٍ مَنازِلُه
I listened and looked closely, then crossed it
by a pale, well-trodden track, its halting places deserted,
عَلىon ذاتِa she-camel possessing لَوثٍstrength أَوor بِأَهوَجَon a headlong male camel وَشوَشٍnimble
عَلى ذاتِ لَوثٍ أَو بِأَهوَجَ وَشوَشٍ
صَنيعٍwell-tended نَبيلٍnoble يَملأُfills الرحلَthe saddle كاهِلُهhis withers
صَنيعٍ نَبيلٍ يَملأُ الرحلَ كاهِلُه
on a powerful she-camel, or a headlong, nimble male,
well-tended and noble, his withers filling the saddle,
لِأُدرِكَso I may attain نُجحاًsuccess أَوor أُسلّيَI may soothe حاجَةًa longing
لِأُدرِكَ نُجحاً أَو أُسلّيَ حاجَةً
وَهَمُّand the worry of القَصيرِthe short الباعِof reach داءٌa sickness يُماطِلُهkeeps him waiting
وَهَمُّ القَصيرِ الباعِ داءٌ يُماطِلُه
to gain success or soothe a longing;
and the worry of a man of little reach is a sickness that delays him.
يَهُمُّhe plans وَلاand does not يَمضيproceed وَيرتَدُّand recoils أَمرُهُhis purpose
يَهُمُّ وَلا يَمضي وَيرتَدُّ أَمرُهُ
إِذاwhen قامَrise ناهيهِhis restrainer عَليهِagainst him وَعاذِلُهand his reprover
إِذا قامَ ناهيهِ عَليهِ وَعاذِلُه
He plans but does not press on, and his purpose recoils
when his restrainer and his reprover rise against him.
Sol 6.1