لمdid not يُبكنيmake me weep رسمُtrace منزلٍa dwelling طسماfaded
لم يُبكني رسمُ منزلٍ طسما
بلrather صاحبٌa friend حالbecame عهدُهُhis bond حُلماa dream
بل صاحبٌ حال عهدُهُ حُلما
No faded trace of a dwelling made me weep,
A deserted abode did not make me weep
but a friend whose old bond became a dream.
But a companion whose covenant was a dream
خلٌّa dear friend جفانيforsook me لنعمةٍbecause of a blessing حدثتarose
خلٌّ جفاني لنعمةٍ حدثت
لهfor him فجازتهso it repaid him بالذيaccording to what حكماhe decreed
له فجازته بالذي حكما
A dear friend forsook me because of a blessing that came
An intimate who deserted me for a new bounty
to him; it repaid him according to his own judgment.
And so he repaid me with what he decreed
لمdid not أجنِcommit ذنباًan offense إليهagainst him أعلمُهُI know of it
لم أجنِ ذنباً إليه أعلمُهُ
ولاand not جناهhe committed it إلىagainst الذيthe one whom خدماhe served
ولا جناه إلى الذي خدما
I committed no offense against him that I know of,
I committed no sin known to him
nor did he against the man he served.
Nor did he wrong the one who served
لكنbut تجنّتْwronged عليهhim نعمتهُhis prosperity
لكن تجنّتْ عليه نعمتهُ
كماjust as تجنَّىhe wronged عليَّme إذwhen صرماhe severed ties
كما تجنَّى عليَّ إذ صرما
But his prosperity wronged him,
But his bounty betrayed him
just as he wronged me when he severed our bond.
As he betrayed me when we parted
ناكرنيhe disowned me ظالماًunjustly فناكرهso he disowned him
ناكرني ظالماً فناكره
صاحبُهhis patron فاستقادَand exacted redress وانتقماand took revenge
صاحبُه فاستقادَ وانتقما
He disowned me unjustly; then his patron disowned
He denied me, wronging me, so I denied him
him, exacting redress and revenge.
His companion; thus he regained composure and took revenge
لاdoes not يخلُlack منof نعمةa blessing وموعظةand admonition
لا يخلُ من نعمة وموعظة
تنهىwarns الفتىthe young man أنnot to ينفّرdrive away النعماblessings
تنهى الفتى أن ينفّر النعما
Never devoid of blessing and admonition,
Bounty and advice never fail
warning a man not to drive blessings away,
To caution the youth against spurning bounty
دعوةa prayer ذيof one possessing خلةٍfriendship ومَعْتبةٍand reproach
دعوة ذي خلةٍ ومَعْتبةٍ
يهوَىdesires اللُّهاgifts للصديقfor the friend لاnot النقماpunishments
يهوَى اللُّها للصديق لا النقما
is the prayer of one bound by friendship yet reproachful,
The prayer of an intimate outcast
who desires gifts for his friend, not punishment.
To whom the Beloved inclines, not to vengeance
لمdid not يدعُpray إذwhen فارseethed صدرُهhis breast غضباًwith anger
لم يدعُ إذ فار صدرُه غضباً
إلاexcept بماfor what الحظُّgood fortune فيهis in it إنif قُسِماallotted
إلا بما الحظُّ فيه إن قُسِما
When his breast seethed with anger, he prayed
When his breast swelled with rage
only for something fortunate, if allotted.
He prayed only for what fate had decreed
دعاhe prayed بنُعمىfor bounty وخافand feared فِتْنتَهاits temptation
دعا بنُعمى وخاف فِتْنتَها
علىfor أخٍa brother فابتغَىso he sought لهfor him العِصماsafeguards
على أخٍ فابتغَى له العِصما
He prayed for bounty but feared its temptation
He prayed to be blinded, fearing sedition
for a brother, and sought safeguards for him.
Upon a brother, so he sought protection for him
وأحسنُand I think well الظنthe opinion عندat ذاكthat بهof him
وأحسنُ الظن عند ذاك به
فلمso did not يخَفْfear أنto يَظُنَّsuppose أوor يَهِماerr
فلم يخَفْ أن يَظُنَّ أو يَهِما
And I think well of him in that regard,
And good faith prevailed then towards him
so he had no fear of misjudging or mistaking.
So he did not fear to suspect or imagine
ولاand not أراهI think him يرىregards العتابَreproach منas part of الthe
ولا أراه يرى العتابَ من ال
شتمabuse وأنىand how يظُنُّwould think منone who علماknows
شتم وأنى يظُنُّ من علما
Nor do I think he regards reproach as
Nor do I see him regarding reproach from one who
abuse; how could a knowing man think so?
Curses as the same as one who vilifies
ولنand never will يرىregard المنصفُthe fair-minded المميّزُthe discerning مَنْone who
ولن يرى المنصفُ المميّزُ مَنْ
عاتبreproached فيfor نبوةa lapse كمنlike one who شتماabused
عاتب في نبوة كمن شتما
The fair-minded, discerning man will never regard one
The fair arbiter will not see one who
who reproaches a lapse as someone who abuses.
Reproaches a Prophet as one who defamed
فليغْنَso may he grow rich فيin غِبطةٍhappiness تدومُendures لهfor him
فليغْنَ في غِبطةٍ تدومُ له
ووعْظِand admonition of بَلْوىaffliction تزورُهvisits him لَمماoccasionally
ووعْظِ بَلْوى تزورُه لَمما
May he grow rich in happiness that endures for him,
So may he rejoice in lasting bliss
with the admonition of affliction visiting only occasionally,
And advice that will protect him from blame
حتىuntil يراهsees him الإلهُGod مُعترفاًacknowledging
حتى يراه الإلهُ مُعترفاً
بالحقّthe truth يرعىobserves الحقوقrights والحُرَماand sacred bonds
بالحقّ يرعى الحقوق والحُرَما
until God sees him acknowledging
Until God sees him acknowledging
the truth, observing rights and sacred bonds.
The truth, upholding rights and sanctities
ولاand not يراهHe sees him الذيas one who إذاwhen سبغتْabounded
ولا يراه الذي إذا سبغتْ
عليهupon him نعماهُHis bounty نابِذَdiscarding الكرماnobility
عليه نعماهُ نابِذَ الكرما
And may He not see him as one who, when
And does not see one who, when
His bounty abounds upon him, casts nobility aside.
Bounty is poured upon him, spurns nobility
إيهاًenough! أباAbu القاسمِal-Qasim الذيwho ركبplunged into الthe
إيهاً أبا القاسمِ الذي ركب ال
غشمinjustice جِهاراًopenly ونفسَهand himself غشماhe wronged
غشم جِهاراً ونفسَه غشما
Enough, Abu al-Qasim, who plunged into
Oh Abu al-Qasim, who brazenly rode the
open injustice, wronging even himself!
Tyrannical wave and drowned himself in tyranny
قلtell ليَme لِمْwhy لَمْdid not تَتِهْyou take pride بمعرفةin knowing الthe
قل ليَ لِمْ لَمْ تَتِهْ بمعرفة ال
حقّtruth وإحكامِand mastery of نفسِكyour soul الحِكَماwisdom
حقّ وإحكامِ نفسِك الحِكَما
Tell me: why did you not take pride in knowing
Tell me, why did you not correct yourself
the truth and in your soul's mastery of wisdom,
With knowledge of truth and self-restraint?
وتِهتَand you grew arrogant أنbecause نِلْتَyou attained رُتبةًa rank وَسطاًmiddling
وتِهتَ أن نِلْتَ رُتبةً وَسطاً
لاnot شططاًremoteness فيin العُلوheight بلbut أَمماnearness
لا شططاً في العُلو بل أَمما
yet grew arrogant because you gained a middling rank,
You went astray when you attained a lofty
not remotely lofty, but close at hand?
Position - not extremism in ascendance but excellence
هلdid فُزْتَyou win فيin الدولةthe state المباركةblessed الthe
هل فُزْتَ في الدولة المباركة ال
غرّاءِresplendent إلاexcept بحظِa share of منone who سلماescaped safely
غرّاءِ إلا بحظِ من سلما
In the blessed, resplendent state, did you win
Did you gain prominence in the blessed
anything beyond the share of one who came through safely?
Radiant state except by the fortune of one who submitted?
لاnot أصْلَthe principal part ديوانهاof its bureau وَلِيتَyou governed ولاand not
لا أصْلَ ديوانها وَلِيتَ ولا
كُنْتَyou were كمنlike one who زَمَّheld the reins أوor كمنْlike one who خطماbridled
كُنْتَ كمن زَمَّ أو كمنْ خطما
You neither governed its principal bureau, nor
You were neither native to its bureaucracy nor did you reach it by merit
were like one who held the reins or fitted the bridle.
You were like those appointed or engraved
ولمand did not تُفِدْyou gain بالعلاءthrough al-ʿAlaʾ فائدةًa benefit
ولم تُفِدْ بالعلاء فائدةً
إلاexcept علاءًelevation بَغيْتَyou transgressed فانهدماso it collapsed
إلا علاءً بَغيْتَ فانهدما
You gained no benefit through al-ʿAlaʾ
Your ascendance brought no benefit
except elevation; you transgressed, and it collapsed.
Except self-aggrandizement which then crumbled
صحِبْتَهyou accompanied him فاعتليْتَand so you rose ثمthen أتىcame
صحِبْتَه فاعتليْتَ ثم أتى
بغيُكyour wrongdoing والبغيُand wrongdoing ربماsometimes شأماbrought ill fortune
بغيُك والبغيُ ربما شأما
You accompanied him and rose; then came
You accompanied him, then betrayed him, and then
your wrongdoing—and wrongdoing sometimes brings ill fortune.
Your treachery came, and treachery can be a pit
ولوand if تلقيتَyou received بالتواضعِwith humility ماwhat
ولو تلقيتَ بالتواضعِ ما
أُوتيتyou were given منهthrough him لتمَّit would have endured والتأماand held together
أُوتيت منه لتمَّ والتأما
Had you received with humility what
Had you assumed humility, you would have kept
you were given through him, it would have endured and held together.
What you were given, but you insisted on ruin
حملتَyou loaded طغيانكyour tyranny العظيَمgreat علىupon
حملتَ طغيانك العظيَم على
أمرِكyour affairs فانهدَّso they collapsed بعدماafter اندعماbeing supported
أمرِك فانهدَّ بعدما اندعما
You loaded your great tyranny upon
You imposed your great tyranny
your affairs, which crumbled after being shored up.
Upon your affairs, so it collapsed after being strong
أصبحتَyou came to be أنbecause نِلْتَyou attained فضلَsuperiority of منزلةٍa station
أصبحتَ أن نِلْتَ فضلَ منزلةٍ
أُنسيتَyou were made to forget تلكthose المعاهدَbonds القُدَماold
أُنسيتَ تلك المعاهدَ القُدَما
Once you gained a superior station,
You forgot past covenants
you forgot those old bonds,
When you attained the lofty position
مُطَّرِحَdiscarding الأصدقاءfriends مرتفعَraised الthe
مُطَّرِحَ الأصدقاء مرتفعَ ال
همَّةambition عنهمabove them تراهُمُyou see them قُزُماas dwarfs
همَّة عنهم تراهُمُ قُزُما
casting friends aside, raising your
Scornful of old friends, pretentious,
ambition above them, and seeing them as dwarfs.
Seeing them as dwarfs
وإنَّنيand I حالفٌam swearing فمجتهدٌand earnestly
وإنَّني حالفٌ فمجتهدٌ
مُنكِّبٌturning aside عنfrom سبيلthe path of منone who أثِماsinned
مُنكِّبٌ عن سبيل من أثِما
And I swear, with all earnestness,
I swear I persevere and turn away
turning aside from the path of those who sin:
From the path of the sinner
ماnever رفعَraised اللَّهGod همةًan ambition طمحتْaspired
ما رفعَ اللَّه همةً طمحتْ
تلقاءَtoward غدرٍtreachery أليَّةًan oath قسماa solemn oath
تلقاءَ غدرٍ أليَّةً قسما
God has never raised an ambition aspiring
God does not elevate an ambition that
toward treachery—I swear it solemnly.
Inclines to betrayal, or a sign that swears
كلاno indeed ولاand not حطَّlowered هِمّةًan ambition جنحتْinclined
كلا ولا حطَّ هِمّةً جنحتْ
نحوtoward وفاءloyalty كزعمِas claimed by منone who زعماclaimed
نحو وفاء كزعمِ من زعما
No, nor has He lowered an ambition inclining
No, nor does He diminish one that tends
toward loyalty, whatever some may claim.
To loyalty, as some claim
أمحضُكI sincerely offer you النصحَcounsel غيرَwithout محتشمٍholding back
أمحضُك النصحَ غيرَ محتشمٍ
هلis ماحِضٌa sincere giver of نصحَهhis counsel منone who احتشماheld back
هل ماحِضٌ نصحَه من احتشما
I offer you pure counsel without reserve;
I reproach you plainly, not bashful
does one who holds back offer sincere counsel?
Can reproach be bashful for the reproacher?
ذمَّcondemned الأخلاءُfriends صاحباًa companion حفظguarded الthe
ذمَّ الأخلاءُ صاحباً حفظ ال
مالَmoney وأضحىand came to يُضيّعsquander الذمماobligations
مالَ وأضحى يُضيّع الذمما
Friends condemned a companion who guarded
The intimates blamed a companion who hoarded
his money while letting his obligations go to waste.
Wealth and took to squandering obligations
منwhoever لَبِسَdonned الكِبرَarrogance عندat ثروتِهhis wealth
من لَبِسَ الكِبرَ عند ثروتِه
علىtoward أخيهhis brother فنفسَهthen himself هضماhe diminished
على أخيه فنفسَه هضما
Whoever dons arrogance in his wealth
One made heedless by his might reminded him
toward his brother diminishes himself.
Of his lowliness - worldly riches deceived him
نبَّهdrew attention مِنin قدرِهhis worth علىto صغرsmallness
نبَّه مِن قدرِه على صغر
خَيَّلهmade him imagine it حادثُthe new advent of الغنىwealth عِظماgreatness
خَيَّله حادثُ الغنى عِظما
He draws attention to smallness in his worth,
Like one whose ancestors were not
which newfound wealth made him fancy was greatness,
The first in knowledge or merit
كدأْبِlike the habit of منone whose لمdid not يرثْinherit أوائِلُهhis forebears
كدأْبِ من لم يرثْ أوائِلُه
سابقةًprecedence فيin العلاglory ولاand not قَدماancient standing
سابقةً في العلا ولا قَدما
like one whose forebears inherited neither
One of feeble reputation who gained insight
precedence in glory nor ancient standing.
So it exaggerated his arrogance though he had none
ضئيلُsmall in شأنٍstature أصابَreceived عارِفةًa favor
ضئيلُ شأنٍ أصابَ عارِفةً
ففخَّمتْso it inflated كِبرهُhis arrogance وماand not فخماhe grew great
ففخَّمتْ كِبرهُ وما فخما
A man of little account received a favor;
He forgot his deficiency - woe to him
it inflated his arrogance, not his true stature.
If only he had concealed it!
نَمَّbetrayed علىhis نقصِهdeficiency وياand oh أسفيmy sorrow
نَمَّ على نقصِه ويا أسفي
عليهfor him ياoh ليتif only أنهhe كتماhad concealed it
عليه يا ليت أنه كتما
He betrayed his deficiency—alas
The blemished do not act thus
for him! If only he had concealed it.
When deficient, but excel when complete
ماnot هكذاthus يفعلbehaves الأريبُthe discerning man منamong الthe
ما هكذا يفعل الأريبُ من ال
ناسpeople إذاwhen كانhe was ناقصاًdeficient فنماthen grew
ناس إذا كان ناقصاً فنما
This is not how a discerning man among
How then one in whom no
people behaves when he grows from deficiency.
Defect ever existed or who was never ignoble?
فكيفَso how مَنْone who لمhas not يزلْceased وليسَand there is not بهin him
فكيفَ مَنْ لم يزلْ وليسَ به
نقصٌdeficiency ولاnor كانwas سافلاًlowly فسماthen rose
نقصٌ ولا كان سافلاً فسما
How much less one who has always had
A curse on your days which gathered
no deficiency, and never rose from lowliness!
Equity’s foes and nothingness
سَقْياًmay rain water لأيامكyour days التيwhich جمعتْcombined
سَقْياً لأيامك التي جمعتْ
إنصافَكyour fairness to الأصدقاءَfriends والعدماand poverty
إنصافَك الأصدقاءَ والعدما
May rain water those days of yours that combined
May God never bestow on you an hour that
fair treatment of your friends with poverty.
Gathers both and rains calamities without cease
ولاand not سقَىmay water اللَّهGod برهةًa period ضمنتْcontained
ولا سقَى اللَّه برهةً ضمنتْ
ضدَّيهماtheir two opposites وابلاًa downpour ولاand not دِيماsteady rains
ضدَّيهما وابلاً ولا دِيما
And may God not water a time that held
No good in wealth that openly encourages
their opposites, with downpour or steady rain.
Betrayal and corrupts morals
لاno خيرَgood فيin ثروةٍwealth تحضُّurges علىtoward الthe
لا خيرَ في ثروةٍ تحضُّ على ال
غدرِtreachery صُراحاًopenly وتمرِضُand sickens الشيماcharacter traits
غدرِ صُراحاً وتمرِضُ الشيما
There is no good in wealth that openly urges
I implore you by God and the affection
treachery and sickens one's character.
Between us, for I count that a womb-tie
ناشدْتُكI adjure you by اللَّهGod والمودّةand affection فيin الGod (start)
ناشدْتُك اللَّه والمودّة في ال
لَهِGod (completion) فإنيfor I أعُدُّهاcount it رَحِماkinship
لَهِ فإني أعُدُّها رَحِما
I adjure you by God and by affection in
That you not be like one whom
God—for I count it a bond of kinship—
Bounty clothed then betrayed
فيconcerning أنthat تكونyou become الذيone who يتيهstruts
في أن تكون الذي يتيه
منbecause of نعمةٍa blessing كمنlike one who لؤماis base
من نعمةٍ كمن لؤما
concerning your becoming one who struts
Like one adorned with raiment
because of a blessing, like a base man:
Devoid of decency or dignity
مثلَlike التيthe woman whose ظوهرتwere layered ملابسهاher garments
مثلَ التي ظوهرت ملابسها
وماand not حلاwas lovely خَلقُهاher form ولاnor ضخُماwas full
وما حلا خَلقُها ولا ضخُما
like the woman whose garments were richly layered,
Who then felt conceit and admired
though her form was neither lovely nor full.
Her reflection, impressed by her garb
فاستشعرتْso she felt نخوةًpride وأعجَبهاand delighted her
فاستشعرتْ نخوةً وأعجَبها
مرأىًa sight رأتهshe saw it بماwith what اكتستْshe wore غمماcoverings
مرأىً رأته بما اكتستْ غمما
She felt pride, and was delighted by
Ever discontent with her nature
the sight of herself in the coverings she had donned.
A witness of her sincerity if blamed
ولمand had not تزلْceased قبلَbefore ذاكthat ساخطةًresenting
ولم تزلْ قبلَ ذاك ساخطةً
خلقاa form شهيداًtestifying بصدقِto the truth of منone who ذأماfaulted it
خلقا شهيداً بصدقِ من ذأما
Before that, she had continually resented
Cursing her face, making
a form that testified to the truth of those who faulted it,
Her companion the butt of blows
لاعنةًcursing وجههاher face وجاعلةًand making
لاعنةً وجهها وجاعلةً
صفحتَهُits surface عُرضةًa target لمنfor whoever لطماslapped
صفحتَهُ عُرضةً لمن لطما
cursing her face and making
She flourishes in borrowed garb while
its surface a target for anyone who slapped.
The one of virtuous nature remains obscure
هاتيكthat woman تُزهَىgrows proud بماof what اكتستهُshe wore ولاand not
هاتيك تُزهَى بما اكتستهُ ولا
تُزْهىgrows proud التيthe woman whose بَذَّsurpassed خلقُهاher form الصنماthe idol
تُزْهى التي بَذَّ خلقُها الصنما
That woman prides herself on her clothing, whereas
She gleams like a hillock with a branch
the woman whose form surpasses an idol feels no pride:
And full moon illuminating the darkness
ممكورةٌshapely كالكثيبlike a sandhill يفرعهُsurmounts it
ممكورةٌ كالكثيب يفرعهُ
غصنٌa branch وبدرٌand a moon ينوّرilluminates الظُّلماdarkness
غصنٌ وبدرٌ ينوّر الظُّلما
shapely as a sandhill, surmounted by
Take her unconsciously - I set her forth
a branch and a moon that lights the darkness.
As a symbol - or rather erected her as a sign
خُذهاtake it شروداًfar-roaming بعثتُهاI sent it forth مثلاًas a proverb
خُذها شروداً بعثتُها مثلاً
تسيرtravels لاno بلrather نَصبتُهاI raised it عَلماas a signpost
تسير لا بل نَصبتُها عَلما
Take this far-roaming verse, sent forth as a proverb
In her is a reproach that chastises
to travel—no, rather, I raised it as a signpost.
The oppressor until he reconsiders
فيهاin it عِتابٌreproach يردُّchecks عاديةَthe aggression of الthe
فيها عِتابٌ يردُّ عاديةَ ال
جائرwrongdoer حتىuntil يُراجعhe returns to اللَّقماthe open road
جائر حتى يُراجع اللَّقما
It holds reproach that checks the aggression of
Once I did not neglect a friend or
the wrongdoer until he returns to the open road.
Reproach until deemed hostile
وكنتُand I have been لاnot أهملُneglecting الصديقthe friend ولاand not
وكنتُ لا أهملُ الصديق ولا
أعتبُI reproach حتىto the point that أُعدَّI am deemed مجترماan offender
أعتبُ حتى أُعدَّ مجترما
I have never neglected a friend, nor
But I say to him plainly, instilling
reproached him to the point of being deemed an offender.
In his reproach only subtle words
لكننيbut I قائلٌspeak لهto him سَدداًrightly
لكنني قائلٌ له سَدداً
مُنَخِّلٌsifting فيin عتابهreproaching him الكَلماwords
مُنَخِّلٌ في عتابه الكَلما
Rather, I speak rightly to him,
I treat the ailing companion, not
sifting my words when reproaching him.
Tearing him apart and so increasing his pain
أعالجُI treat الصاحبَthe companion السقيمailing ولاand not
أعالجُ الصاحبَ السقيم ولا
أخرقُI handle roughly حتىso that أزيدَهُI worsen his سقماsickness
أخرقُ حتى أزيدَهُ سقما
I treat the ailing companion, and do not
I prune the branch to set it right, not
handle him roughly so as to worsen his sickness.
Breaking it violently causing it to snap
أثقّفُI straighten العودَthe stick كيso that يقومَit stands upright ولاand not
أثقّفُ العودَ كي يقومَ ولا
أعنفُI use force فيin غَمزهbending it لينحطماso it breaks
أعنفُ في غَمزه لينحطما
I straighten the stick so it stands upright, and do not
I am not saddened by loss of an unworthy one
bend it violently enough to break it.
If he transgresses, or regret his estrangement
ولستand I do not آسَىَmourn علىfor الخليطِthe companion إذاif اعreckons (start)
ولست آسَىَ على الخليطِ إذا اع
تدَّreckons (completion) زِياليmy departure كبعضِas part of ماwhat غنماhe gained
تدَّ زِيالي كبعضِ ما غنما
I do not mourn a companion if he
I deter him from sin, pardoning,
counts my departure among his gains.
Not shouting if he persists and offends
لاnot أجتنيI reap منfrom فِراقِهparting with him أسفاًgrief
لا أجتني من فِراقِه أسفاً
أوunless يَجْتنِيhe reaps منfrom جفائهhis estrangement نَدماremorse
أو يَجْتنِي من جفائه نَدما
I reap no grief from parting with him
You corrected my worth unjustly -
unless he reaps remorse from his estrangement.
Consult the wise to know true value
أَروعُهُI frighten him عنaway from هَناتهِhis faults وأُخلْand leave him (start)
أَروعُهُ عن هَناتهِ وأُخلْ
ليهleave him (completion) إذاwhen ماindeed تقحَّمhe plunges into القُحَماperils
ليه إذا ما تقحَّم القُحَما
I frighten him away from his faults, and leave
You considered me a fool -
him alone if he plunges into perils.
Leave him to his fabrications and let him perish
فلاso do not تَخلْsuppose أننيthat I أخفُّgrow flighty ولاor
فلا تَخلْ أنني أخفُّ ولا
أهلعُpanic صَدَّshunned الخليلthe friend أوor رَئماshowed affection
أهلعُ صَدَّ الخليل أو رَئما
So do not suppose I grow flighty or
Why can you not be like the virtuous
panic, whether a friend shuns me or shows affection.
Husayn, the guided servant of God, unveiler of clouds
إنif أنتyou أقبلتَapproached لمdid not أطِرI fly فرحاًfor joy
إن أنت أقبلتَ لم أطِر فرحاً
وإنand if تولَّيتyou turned away لمdid not أَمُتI die سدماof grief
وإن تولَّيت لم أَمُت سدما
If you approach, I do not fly for joy;
Al-Bāqillānī, the eloquent and expert
if you turn away, I do not die of grief.
Debater whom honorable deeds made great
إنيI indeed لوصَّالsteadfastly maintain ties with مَنْwhoever يُواصلنيmaintains ties with me
إني لوصَّال مَنْ يُواصلني
جَذّامa relentless cutter of حبلِthe cord of القرينthe companion إنif جذماhe severed it
جَذّام حبلِ القرين إن جذما
I steadfastly maintain ties with whoever maintains them with me,
A brother invited me to share
and sever a companion's cord if he severs it.
What his hands contained, appealing to me
ولستُand I do not أتلوfollow مُولِّياًone turning away أبداًever
ولستُ أتلو مُولِّياً أبداً
ولاand not أناديI call منto one who ادّعىpretended صمماdeafness
ولا أنادي من ادّعى صمما
I never follow someone turning away,
He called and I responded, coming to find
nor call to someone who pretends deafness.
One profuse in glory, no mere pretender
قوَّمتَنيyou valued me غيرother than قيمتيmy worth غلطاًmistakenly
قوَّمتَني غير قيمتي غلطاً
شَاورconsult ذويpossessors of الرأيjudgment تعرفyou will know القيماvalues
شَاور ذوي الرأي تعرف القيما
You mistakenly valued me at other than my worth;
consult men of judgment, and you will know true values.
If the noblest of all people
أمتَّyou killed وُديكyour loving friend عَبطةًprematurely فمَهٍso stop!
أمتَّ وُديك عَبطةً فمَهٍ
دَعْهُleave him علىat رسلهhis ease يمتlet him die هرماof old age
دَعْهُ على رسله يمت هرما
You killed your loving friend before his time—stop!
Shared glory, good, and bounty, he would take the portion
Leave him at his ease to die of old age.
With open palm, not withholding,
هلَّاwhy not كمثلِlike الحسينِal-Husayn كنتَyou were أبيAbu
هلَّا كمثلِ الحسينِ كنتَ أبي
عبدِʿAbd الإلهِal-Ilah المكشّفdispeller of الغُمَماsorrows
عبدِ الإلهِ المكشّف الغُمَما
Why were you not like al-Husayn, Abu
Greeting bounty with generosity whoever requests
ʿAbd al-Ilah, dispeller of sorrows,
His generosity is never lacking
الباقطائيِّal-Baqtaʾi ذيpossessed of البراعةbrilliance والand the
الباقطائيِّ ذي البراعة وال
سؤددِlordship والمحتدِand lineage الذيwhich كرماwas noble
سؤددِ والمحتدِ الذي كرما
al-Baqtaʾi, possessed of brilliance and
And principles are a pillar of his obtaining
lordship, and a noble lineage?
He meets want, not mere sufficiency
أخٌa brother دعانيinvited me لكيso that أشاركَهُI share with him
أخٌ دعاني لكي أشاركَهُ
فيماin what حَوتْهheld it يداهُhis two hands محتكماchoosing at will
فيما حَوتْه يداهُ محتكما
A brother invited me to share with him
And abundant blessings, not meager ones
whatever his hands possessed, choosing as I pleased.
He restores customs of nobility
دعاhe called فلبّيتُهُso I answered him وجئتُand I came فألand I found (start)
دعا فلبّيتُهُ وجئتُ فأل
فيتُI found (completion) ضليعاًstrong بالمجدin glory لاnot بَرماgrudging
فيتُ ضليعاً بالمجد لا بَرما
He called; I answered and came, and
An open-handed one who knows no fatigue
found a man strong in glory, not grudging.
Following his exemplar, the patron
لوif ساهمhe competed with الأكرمينthe noblest كلَّهمُall of them
لو ساهم الأكرمين كلَّهمُ
فيin المجدglory والخيرand goodness وحدهhe alone سَهُماwould prevail
في المجد والخير وحده سَهُما
If he competed with all the noblest
Enriching the land though it suffice when allotted
in glory and goodness, he alone would prevail.
His promises are nullified by his loyalty
مُقَبلُkissed الكفّthe hand غيرُnot جامدِهاwithholding it
مُقَبلُ الكفّ غيرُ جامدِها
يَلثُمُkisses فيهاin it السماحَgenerosity مَنْwhoever لثماkissed
يَلثُمُ فيها السماحَ مَنْ لثما
His hand is kissed, and it is no withholding hand;
Never saying no or yes
whoever kisses it kisses generosity itself.
He does the deeds of the noble
لاmay not فُقدتْbe lost كفّهُhis hand ولاnor برحتcease to be
لا فُقدتْ كفّهُ ولا برحت
ركناًa pillar لعافيfor the seeker of النوالgifts مستَلماreverently touched
ركناً لعافي النوال مستَلما
May his hand never be lost, nor cease to be
Though bashfulness might hinder him
a pillar reverently touched by the seeker of gifts.
Scornful of the little he is given
يَلقَىfinds الغنىwealth لاnot الكفافَmere sufficiency سائلُهُhis petitioner
يَلقَى الغنى لا الكفافَ سائلُهُ
والنِعمَand blessings السابغاتabundant لاnot النقماpunishments
والنِعمَ السابغات لا النقما
His petitioner finds wealth, not mere sufficiency,
When hopes are abundant and ambitions lofty
and abundant blessings, not punishments.
A feared adversity made me seek refuge in him
يعيدُhe renews ماwhat أبدأتْfirst offered يَداهُhis two hands منof الthe
يعيدُ ما أبدأتْ يَداهُ من ال
عرفkindness جوادٌa generous man لاnot يعرفknows السأماweariness
عرف جوادٌ لا يعرف السأما
He renews what his hands first offered of
He gave me sanctuary and became inviolable
kindness—a generous man who knows no weariness.
His munificence made me safe
يُتبِعُhe follows وسمِيّهhis first seasonal rain الولِيَّwith further rain وقدand already
يُتبِعُ وسمِيّه الولِيَّ وقد
أغنىenriched جديبthe barren parts of البقاعthe lands إنif وسماhe gave first rain
أغنى جديب البقاع إن وسما
He follows his first seasonal rain with further rain, though
His fidelity reassured me against loss
his first rain has already enriched the barren lands.
One who could not redeem me if fate
ألغتْmade needless مواعيدَهhis promises فواضلُهُhis bounties
ألغتْ مواعيدَه فواضلُهُ
فلمso did not يَقُلhe say قطُّever لاno ولاnor نعماyes
فلم يَقُل قطُّ لا ولا نعما
His bounties made promises needless,
Afflicted me, though I had no life left to redeem
so he never once said either no or yes.
From each dilemma the magnanimous one refused
يفعلhe does ماwhat يفعلdoes الكريمُthe generous man ولوand if
يفعل ما يفعل الكريمُ ولو
رقرَقتَهُyou made him well up منfrom حيائهhis modesty انسجماhe would flow
رقرَقتَهُ من حيائه انسجما
He does as the generous do; and were you
To give little but his utmost
to make him brim with modesty, he would flow.
He does not grant relief vainly, and if
محتقراًbelittling ماwhat أتىhe gave وقدand already غمرflooded الthe
محتقراً ما أتى وقد غمر ال
آمالhopes طُولاًwith bounty وجاوزand surpassed الهمماaspirations
آمال طُولاً وجاوز الهمما
He belittles what he gives, though he has flooded
Asked, you would think the question caused him pain
hopes with bounty and exceeded aspirations.
Had he cut parts of himself for a beggar
فتىa young man أخافتنيَfrightened me الخطوبُcalamities فَعَوْso I relied (start)
فتى أخافتنيَ الخطوبُ فَعَوْ
وَلتُI relied (completion) عليهon him فكانand he was ليfor me حَرماa sanctuary
وَلتُ عليه فكان لي حَرما
A young man: calamities frightened me, so I
It would not have pained him
relied on him, and he became my sanctuary.
He would ransom those who could never
موَّلنيenriched me جُودُهُhis generosity فآمننيand secured me
موَّلني جُودُهُ فآمنني
حِفاظُهhis loyal care أنagainst أعيشliving مهتضماoppressed
حِفاظُه أن أعيش مهتضما
His generosity enriched me, and his loyal care secured me
Free him one day if catastrophe struck
against living oppressed.
He refuses pleasant things but gives his body
ممنْof those who إذاwhen ماindeed شهدتI testify أَنَّthat لهhe possesses الthe
ممنْ إذا ما شهدت أَنَّ له ال
فضلَexcellence نفَىdispelled عنfrom شهادتيmy testimony التُّهماsuspicions
فضلَ نفَى عن شهادتي التُّهما
He is one who, when I testify that he possesses
When calamity comes and fates decree
excellence, dispels suspicion about my testimony.
A man whose generosity the palm hides
لوif سكتَfell silent المادحونَthose who praise لاجتلبَwould come الthe
لو سكتَ المادحونَ لاجتلبَ ال
مدحُpraise لهto him نفسهof itself ولانتظماand would arrange itself
مدحُ له نفسه ولانتظما
If those who praise fell silent, praise would come
Not displaying it, and when mentioned, you'd think it pained him
to him of its own accord and arrange itself in verse.
He rises to charity, giving freely
لمdid not أشكُI complain منof غيرهanother's عتومَtardiness of قِرىًhospitality
لم أشكُ من غيره عتومَ قِرىً
حتىwhen قرانيhe feasted me with الغنىwealth وماand not عتماhe delayed
حتى قراني الغنى وما عتما
I had not complained of another's tardy hospitality
And sometimes profits, defeating ignominy
when he feasted me with riches, without delay.
Had he resented giving his soul to a beggar
وهلand can تُسرُّconceal الرياضُgardens عارفةَthe beneficence of الْthe
وهل تُسرُّ الرياضُ عارفةَ الْ
غيثِrain إذاwhen ماindeed أريجُهاtheir fragrance فغماfilled the air
غيثِ إذا ما أريجُها فغما
Can gardens conceal the beneficence of
He would have given the dearest parts without pain
rain when their fragrance fills the air?
He ransoms those who cannot pay his ransom
أسرَارُهhis secrets عندناwith us ودائعُdeposits of معْkindness (start)
أسرَارُه عندنا ودائعُ معْ
روفٍkindness (completion) تَوارَىhid فتطلعُthen climbs الأَكَماthe hills
روفٍ تَوارَى فتطلعُ الأَكَما
His secrets with us are deposits of
When dire straits descend suddenly
kindness that hides, then climbs the hills.
In your hands is the sword - if you strike
كمhow often قدindeed كتمناwe concealed سَدىًa favor لهof his كنثاlike the scent of الthe
كم قد كتمنا سَدىً له كنثا ال
مسكِmusk لدىat فتقهِits opening فماyet not اكتتماit stayed concealed
مسكِ لدى فتقهِ فما اكتتما
How often have we hidden a favor of his, like the scent of
Yourself with it, or one you intend to wound
musk when opened, which could not stay concealed.
Sheathe the sword and save it
يسألُناhe asks us دفْنَto bury عُرفهِhis kindness ثِقَةًtrusting
يسألُنا دفْنَ عُرفهِ ثِقَةً
بنشرهin its spreading نفْسَهُitself وماand not ظلماhe judged wrongly
بنشره نفْسَهُ وما ظلما
He asks us to bury his kindness, trusting
For one who opposes you, that they may flee
it to spread itself; he judged rightly.
Your brother whom you contend with
يغدُوhe goes out early علىwith الجُودِgenerosity غادياًearly غَدِقاًrain-abundant
يغدُو على الجُودِ غادياً غَدِقاً
وربَّماand often راحَgoes at evening رابحاًprofiting هَزِماthundering
وربَّما راحَ رابحاً هَزِما
He goes out early with generosity, pouring rain,
Remains, since his people called him forbearing
and often goes at evening, triumphant and thundering.
A lamp of light, flame of fire
لَوْif حزَّhe cut مِنْfrom نفسهhis own body لسائلهfor his petitioner
لَوْ حزَّ مِنْ نفسه لسائله
أَنْفَسَthe most precious of أعضائهhis limbs لماhe would not أَلِماfeel pain
أَنْفَسَ أعضائه لما أَلِما
If he cut from his own body for his petitioner
Guiding but not igniting when kindled
his most precious limb, he would feel no pain.
Comforting with opinion and leniency when relaxed
يفديهransoms him مَنone who لاdoes not يفيmatch بفديتهhis ransom
يفديه مَن لا يفي بفديته
يوماًon a day إذاwhen نابُthe fang of أزمةٍa crisis أزماbit
يوماً إذا نابُ أزمةٍ أزما
May he be ransomed by those whose ransom cannot match his worth
And pliable, felling quandaries
on a day when hardship's fang bites down:
Be discreet in his old age when he shines
منfrom كلevery كَزّmiser أبىrefused السماحgenerosity فماand not
من كل كَزّ أبى السماح فما
يمنحُhe gives إلاexcept أديمَهُhis skin الحلَمَاto ticks
يمنحُ إلا أديمَهُ الحلَمَا
every miser who refuses generosity and
And beware his flames when impassioned
gives nothing but his skin to the ticks.
Consult him, ask his opinion, but beware
لاnot يبذُلُhe offers الرفدَhelp مُعْفِياًunasked وإذاand when
لا يبذُلُ الرفدَ مُعْفِياً وإذا
كُلِّمَspoken to فيهabout it حَسبتَهُyou thought him كُلِماwounded
كُلِّمَ فيه حَسبتَهُ كُلِما
He offers no help unasked, and when
A wedge of his plots if provoked
spoken to about it, you think he has been wounded.
Master of his peers - and if the envious
ياO منْone who يجاريهrivals him فيin مذاهبهhis ways
يا منْ يجاريه في مذاهبه
أمازحٌare you joking أمْor تُراكare you مُعْتزماresolved
أمازحٌ أمْ تُراك مُعْتزما
You who would rival him in his ways:
Criticizes that status, let him blind himself
are you joking, or do you really mean it?
Meet him with utmost grace and intelligence
حاولتَyou attempted ماwhat ليسis not فيwithin قواكyour powers مِنَof الْthe
حاولتَ ما ليس في قواك مِنَ الْ
أمرmatter فلاso do not تجْشَمنَّshoulder ماwhat جَشماhe shouldered
أمر فلا تجْشَمنَّ ما جَشما
You have attempted something beyond your powers;
If his opponents show grace, for there lies his blood-wealth
do not shoulder what he has shouldered.
Meet him with greater eloquence than
مَسْمعُhearing of معروفهhis kindness ومنظرُهُand seeing it
مَسْمعُ معروفه ومنظرُهُ
يكفيكsuffices you فاقنعso be content ولاand do not تَمُتْdie نَهَماof greed
يكفيك فاقنع ولا تَمُتْ نَهَما
Hearing of his kindness and seeing it
The gentle blowing wind when it breezes
should suffice you; be content, and do not die of greed.
Meet him with greater munificence
حسبُكenough for you منfrom أنthat يكونhe be مَعْبَداًMaʿbad الthe
حسبُك من أن يكون مَعْبَداً ال
مُحْسِنَmasterful ترجيعُهُhis trilling لكfor you النغماmelodies
مُحْسِنَ ترجيعُهُ لك النغما
It is enough, from a man who is Maʿbad the
In everything precious, hand and mouth
master singer, that he trill melodies for you.
Meet him with greater courage than
وياand O مُسرّاًone concealing لهagainst him المكايدplots أمyou became (start)
ويا مُسرّاً له المكايد أم
سيتyou became (completion) فلاso do not تكذبنَّlie مُجْتَرماan offender
سيت فلا تكذبنَّ مُجْتَرما
And you who secretly plots against him, you have
A stalwart lion roused to determination
become an offender; do not deny it.
Meet him with greater honesty in speech
قدindeed حَتَمَdecreed اللَّهُGod أَنْthat يبورَperish أعاhis enemies (start)
قد حَتَمَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يبورَ أعا
ديهِhis enemies (completion) فأَنّىso how تردُّcan you reverse ماwhat حَتماHe decreed
ديهِ فأَنّى تردُّ ما حَتما
God has decreed that his enemies
And gentler restraint than a suppressed groan
shall perish; how can you reverse His decree?
Meet him with subtler style and flow
فيin كفكyour hand السيفُthe sword إنif ضربتَyou struck بهwith it
في كفك السيفُ إن ضربتَ به
نَفْسَكyourself أوor مَنْwhoever تريدُهاyou choose their soul خَذَماit cut
نَفْسَك أو مَنْ تريدُها خَذَما
The sword is in your hand: if you strike with it
Letting his pen glide more smoothly
yourself or another soul you choose, it cuts.
His writing dispels blindness when applied as kohl
فأغمدِso sheathe السيفَthe sword عنكaway from yourself وانْتَضهِand draw it
فأغمدِ السيفَ عنك وانْتَضهِ
لمنagainst whoever يعاديكopposes you يلحقواlet them join إرماIram
لمن يعاديك يلحقوا إرما
So sheathe the sword against yourself, and draw it
And his eloquence heals leprosy
against your enemies; let them join Iram.
He whom the eminent Abu Isa, sage of the land,
إنَّindeed أخاكyour brother الذيwhom تُزاولُهyou contend with
إنَّ أخاك الذي تُزاولُه
ماhas not زالceased مذsince قالsaid أهلُهhis family حَلُماhe matured
ما زال مذ قال أهلُه حَلُما
The brother with whom you contend
Chose since weaned from his mother's milk
has been, ever since his family declared him mature,
Whose hands the two viziers kiss
سراجَa lamp of نورٍlight شهابَa meteor of نائرةblazing fire
سراجَ نورٍ شهابَ نائرة
يَهْدِيguides ولاand not يُصْطَلىis approached for warmth إذاwhen اضطرماhe blazes
يَهْدِي ولا يُصْطَلى إذا اضطرما
a lamp of light, a meteor of blazing fire:
And pick him out when he smiles
he guides, but cannot be approached for warmth when ablaze.
Leader of all the gentlefolk
يَنْعَشُrevives بالرأيthrough judgment والسَّماحِand generosity إذاwhen ارْis moved (start)
يَنْعَشُ بالرأي والسَّماحِ إذا ارْ
تاحَis moved (completion) ويُغْرَىand is provoked فيصرعso fells البُهَماmighty warriors
تاحَ ويُغْرَى فيصرع البُهَما
He revives through judgment and generosity when
Who give him the reins on his right
moved to give; provoked, he fells mighty warriors.
A noble whose words and deeds both
سرْwalk فيin سناهhis radiance إذاwhen أضاءhe shines وإيand beware (start)
سرْ في سناه إذا أضاء وإي
يَاكَbeware (completion) وأُلْهُوبَهُhis blaze إذاwhen احْتَدَماhe flares
يَاكَ وأُلْهُوبَهُ إذا احْتَدَما
Walk in his radiance when he shines, and
Command veneration if observed
beware his blaze when he flares.
The best description of others is
شاورْهُconsult him فيin الرأيjudgment واستمحهُand ask his bounty وإيْand beware (start)
شاورْهُ في الرأي واستمحهُ وإيْ
يَاكَbeware (completion) وفلقاًand a portent منْof كيدهhis guile رَقَماa speckled serpent
يَاكَ وفلقاً منْ كيده رَقَما
Consult his judgment and ask his bounty, and
To portray the example he has painted
beware a portent of his guile—a speckled serpent.
He depicts the flawed with reforms
سَيّدُmaster of أكفائهhis peers وإنeven if عَتَبَobjects الْthe
سَيّدُ أكفائه وإن عَتَبَ الْ
حاسدُenvious man منْto ذاكُمُthat وإنْand even if أَضماhe burns with rage
حاسدُ منْ ذاكُمُ وإنْ أَضما
He is master of his peers, though
Like the hand of a mender mends distortions
the envious man objects and burns with anger.
Awake whether asleep or roused
تلقاهyou find him إنْif حاسَنوهُthey vie in beauty with him أَحسنَهُمْtheir fairest
تلقاه إنْ حاسَنوهُ أَحسنَهُمْ
وَجْهاًin face وأذكاهمُand their liveliest هناكin that دماin blood
وَجْهاً وأذكاهمُ هناك دما
If they vie with him in beauty, you find him fairest
Like fire when flames are kindled
of face, and liveliest in blood.
Wisdom never eludes his insight
تلقاهyou find him إنْif ظارفوهthey vie in charm with him أظرفَmore charming منthan
تلقاه إنْ ظارفوه أظرفَ من
رَوْحِthe refreshment of نسيمthe breeze of الصَّباthe east wind إذاwhen نَسَمَاit blows
رَوْحِ نسيم الصَّبا إذا نَسَمَا
If they vie with him in charm, you find him more charming than
When events rush in suddenly
the refreshment of the east wind's breeze when it blows.
At times his thoughts roam and see
تلقاهyou find him إنْif جاودوهthey vie in generosity with him أجودَهُمْtheir most generous
تلقاه إنْ جاودوه أجودَهُمْ
بكلwith every مَنْفوسَةprecious thing يداًin hand وفماand mouth
بكل مَنْفوسَة يداً وفما
If they vie with him in generosity, you find him most generous
The unseen though obscured in darkness
with every precious thing, in hand and mouth.
Prudent, not hastening in resolve
تلقاهyou find him إنif شاجعوهthey vie in courage with him أشجعَbraver مِنْthan
تلقاه إن شاجعوه أشجعَ مِنْ
قسْوَرَةِa lion of الغيلِthe thicket هيجَstirred up فاعتزماand so resolved
قسْوَرَةِ الغيلِ هيجَ فاعتزما
If they vie with him in courage, you find him braver than
Or hesitating when resolved
a lion of the thicket, stirred up and resolved.
Seeking solitude, his view there
تلقاهyou find him إنif خاطبوهthey address him أصدقَهُمْtheir most truthful
تلقاه إن خاطبوه أصدقَهُمْ
قيلاًin speech وأرخاهُمُand their most relaxed بهin it كَظَماin throat
قيلاً وأرخاهُمُ به كَظَما
If they address him, you find him most truthful
Is like one seeking a conjecture by casting lots
in speech, and easiest of throat in uttering it.
He was given precedence until his
تلقاهyou find him إنْif كاتبوهthey write to him آنَقَهُمْtheir most elegant
تلقاه إنْ كاتبوه آنَقَهُمْ
وَشْياًin embroidery وأجراهُمُand their most fluent بهِin it قَلَماwith the pen
وَشْياً وأجراهُمُ بهِ قَلَما
If they write to him, you find him most elegant
Creator chose him over all creation
in embroidery, and most fluent with the pen.
How many gloomy depths, if not him
يجلوclears العمَىblindness خطهhis script إذاwhen كَحَلَit anoints الthe
يجلو العمَى خطه إذا كَحَلَ ال
عينَeye ويشفىand heals بيانُهhis lucid expression القَزَماpettiness
عينَ ويشفى بيانُه القَزَما
His script clears blindness when it anoints
Their murky bottoms would be pits for him
the eye, and his lucid expression cures pettiness.
But his sound opinion and success -
وهوand he الذيis the one whom اختارهchose العلاءُal-ʿAlaʾ أبوAbu
وهو الذي اختاره العلاءُ أبو
عيسىʿIsa حكيمُsage of الإقليمthe region مذsince فُطماhe was weaned
عيسى حكيمُ الإقليم مذ فُطما
He is the one chosen by al-ʿAlaʾ, Abu
Indeed, he was never ignorant or blind
ʿIsa, the region's sage from the day he was weaned:
Auspicious of fortune, most fit to be bound
يُمْنَىthe right of يَدَيْthe two hands of ذيthe holder of الوزارتينtwo vizierates وعيْand his eyes (start)
يُمْنَى يَدَيْ ذي الوزارتين وعيْ
نَاهhis eyes (completion) ومُفْتَرُّهand his smiling mouth إذاwhen ابتسماhe smiles
نَاه ومُفْتَرُّه إذا ابتسما
the right hand of the Holder of Two Vizierates, his
To righteous works, whoever clings to him
eyes and his smiling mouth when he smiles.
The weighty adviser in public and secret
قائدُleader of أهلthe people of السماحgenerosity كُلِّهُمُall of them
قائدُ أهل السماح كُلِّهُمُ
يعطونهthey give him فيin يَمينهhis right hand الرُّمَماthe reins
يعطونه في يَمينه الرُّمَما
Leader of all men of generosity,
When charges are suspect
who place their reins in his right hand.
Woe to them in their entirety - your
فتىa young man إذاwhen قالhe speaks أوor إذاwhen فعلhe performs الthe
فتى إذا قال أو إذا فعل ال
أفْعالَdeeds ألقىoffers الورَىmankind لهto him السَّلَماsubmission
أفْعالَ ألقى الورَى له السَّلَما
A young man who, when he speaks or performs
Explanation sufficed if you are reasonable
deeds, receives the submission of all mankind.
A breach that saw time rending yet
أحسنُthe finest of ماwhat فيis in سواهُothers منof حَسَنbeauty
أحسنُ ما في سواهُ من حَسَن
أنْis to يَحْكِيimitate الصورةَthe form التيwhich رَسَماhe drew
أنْ يَحْكِي الصورةَ التي رَسَما
The finest beauty in anyone else
Continued surmounting the ridges
is to imitate the form he drew.
Then succeeded him Abu Muhammad
يرسمُhe marks out للعُرْجِfor the lame ماwhat يقوّمُهُمْstraightens them
يرسمُ للعُرْجِ ما يقوّمُهُمْ
تقويمَlike the straightening by كَفّthe hand of المقوّمthe straightener الزُّلَمَاarrow-shafts
تقويمَ كَفّ المقوّم الزُّلَمَا
He marks out for the lame what sets them straight,
The praised in deed, who never wearied
as a straightener's hand straightens arrow-shafts.
Fine in nature and character, despite
يقظانُalert إنْwhether نامhe slept أوor تنبهawoke كالlike the
يقظانُ إنْ نام أو تنبه كال
نارfire إذاwhen ماindeed حَششتهاyou feed it الضرَّمَاkindling
نار إذا ما حَششتها الضرَّمَا
Alert whether asleep or awake, like
Whoever shows enmity
fire when you feed it kindling.
A noble whose generosity if impeded
لاnot يعْزُبُeludes الرأيُsound judgment عنfrom بديهتهhis ready intuition
لا يعْزُبُ الرأيُ عن بديهته
يوماever إذاwhen ورْدُthe onset of حادثٍa calamity دَهَماswept in
يوما إذا ورْدُ حادثٍ دَهَما
Sound judgment never eludes his ready intuition
By lack, he reflects upon you, not himself
when the onset of a calamity comes suddenly.
God's grace on one whose glory
وربماand often جالranged فكْرُهُhis thought فرأىand saw الْthe
وربما جال فكْرُهُ فرأى الْ
غيبَunseen وإنeven if كانit was مُلْبَساًcloaked قتَمَاin dust-darkness
غيبَ وإن كان مُلْبَساً قتَمَا
Often his thought ranges, and he sees
Charged at glory, no matter its ore
the unseen, even cloaked in dust-darkness.
From him wealth, counsel, and status are sought
أحْوَسُintrepid لاnot يسبقoutstrips الرَّويَّةَdeliberation بالwith the
أحْوَسُ لا يسبق الرَّويَّةَ بال
عزْمresolve ولاand not يَنْثَنيturns back إذاwhen عَزَماhe resolves
عزْم ولا يَنْثَني إذا عَزَما
Intrepid, he does not let resolve outrun
When affairs whiten with tribulation
deliberation, nor turn back once resolved.
An ocean of purpose, wit, and attainment;
إذاwhen ارتأىhe reflects خلتَهُyou think him هناكthere يرىseeing
إذا ارتأى خلتَهُ هناك يرى
وهْوand he كمنis like one who يَرْتَئىdeliberates إذاwhen رَجَمَاhe guesses
وهْو كمن يَرْتَئى إذا رَجَمَا
When he reflects, you think he sees clearly;
Meet him rich, not wanting
when he guesses, he is like one who deliberates.
To behold him is a garden illuminated,
فُضِّلَhe was favored حتىuntil كانit was خالقَهhis Creator
فُضِّلَ حتى كان خالقَه
خَيَّرَهlet him choose دونahead of خَلْقهHis creatures القسَماthe shares
خَيَّرَه دون خَلْقه القسَما
He was so favored that his Creator
Suckling the whole night a teat
let him choose his share before all His creatures.
They bring me all good traits
كمhow many غمرةٍan engulfing peril لوif سواهsomeone else غامسَهاplunged into it
كم غمرةٍ لو سواه غامسَها
كانتwould be ضَحَاضيحُهاits shallows لهfor him حُوَماdeep waters
كانت ضَحَاضيحُها له حُوَما
How many an engulfing peril, had another plunged into it,
Without lack, and are never lacking in good
would have had its shallows become deep waters for him!
Thus praises on both equally became
أماindeed وتوفيقُby the right guidance of رأيهhis judgment لقدhe indeed اعْchose (start)
أما وتوفيقُ رأيه لقد اعْ
تَامَchose (completion) ومَاand not كانhe was يجهلignorant of العَيماchoices
تَامَ ومَا كان يجهل العَيما
By his rightly guided judgment! He indeed
Supererogatory, divided between them
chose well, and never failed to know what to choose.
With them, Abu Ahmad is not
أيمنُmost fortunate ذيof those possessing طائرfortune وأَجْدرُهand most deserving of them
أيمنُ ذي طائر وأَجْدرُه
أنthat تلزَمcling to الصالحاتُgood things مَنْwhoever لزماclung to him
أن تلزَم الصالحاتُ مَنْ لزما
The most fortunate of men of fortune, and most deserving
Like a monk or mendicant without access
that good things follow whoever follows him.
Servant of the Majestic, the Majestic One, if
الراجحsound in judgment الناصحُfaithful الظّهارةin presence والand the
الراجح الناصحُ الظّهارة وال
غَيْبِabsence إذاwhen الصّنْوُthe brother كانwas مُتَّهَمَاsuspect
غَيْبِ إذا الصّنْوُ كان مُتَّهَمَا
Sound of judgment, faithful in presence and
A visitor seeks him as refuge and sanctuary
absence, when even a brother is suspect.
Three intimates made
واهاًah! لهاfor it جملةًa summation كفتْكَspared you منfrom الthe
واهاً لها جملةً كفتْكَ من ال
تفْسيرexplanation إنif كنتَyou are عاقلاًthoughtful فَهماdiscerning
تفْسير إن كنتَ عاقلاً فَهما
Ah, what a summation! It spares you
The pillar of every towering glory
explanation, if you are thoughtful and discerning.
Yet you consider them three individuals
خرْقٌa noble man رأىsaw الدهْرَTime وهْوwhile it يثْلُمmade breaches فيin
خرْقٌ رأى الدهْرَ وهْو يثْلُم في
حَاليmy condition فماand did not زالcease يرتقُmending الثُّلَماthe breaches
حَالي فما زال يرتقُ الثُّلَما
A noble man saw Time making breaches in
And if distinguished, you find throngs
my condition, and kept mending the breaches.
He who honored me through them prolonged
ثمthen تلاهُfollowed him أبوAbu محمدٍMuhammad الthe
ثم تلاهُ أبو محمدٍ ال
محمودpraised فيfor فعلهhis deeds فماand not سَئماhe wearied
محمود في فعله فما سَئما
Then Abu Muhammad followed him, the
Their lives until stars and meteors expire
man praised for his deeds, and never wearied:
The Banū Shāhanshāh whose
الحسنُal-Hasan المحْسِنُthe beneficent المحسَّنُmade beautiful أخcharacter (start)
الحسنُ المحْسِنُ المحسَّنُ أخ
لاقاًcharacter (completion) وخَلْقاًand form برغمto the chagrin of مَنْwhoever رَغماresented
لاقاً وخَلْقاً برغم مَنْ رَغما
al-Hasan, beneficent, made beautiful in
Triumph trampled on non-Arabs and Arabs alike
character and form, to the chagrin of the resentful.
If your ancestors built for you
فتىa young man إذاif عاقَimpeded جودَهُhis generosity عَوَزٌscarcity
فتى إذا عاقَ جودَهُ عَوَزٌ
فكَّرhe considered فيماwhat عناكtroubled you أوْor وَخماweighed heavily
فكَّر فيما عناك أوْ وَخما
A young man who, when scarcity impedes his generosity,
A monument of glory with lofty pinnacles
thinks about what troubles or burdens you.
Your present actions have now fulfilled
للَّهto God belongs درُّthe excellence of امرئٍa man تيمَّمَsought جدْhis bounty (start)
للَّه درُّ امرئٍ تيمَّمَ جدْ
واهhis bounty (completion) علىupon أيwhat معدنٍa mine هجماhe struck
واه على أي معدنٍ هجما
Blessed is the man who seeks his
Their right, restoring those ruins
bounty—what a mine he has struck!
Your deeds revived your ancestry
يُسْترفَدُhe is asked for المالَmoney والمشورةَand counsel والand the
يُسْترفَدُ المالَ والمشورةَ وال
جاهَinfluence إذاwhen الخطبcalamity شيَّبَturned gray اللِّمَماforelocks
جاهَ إذا الخطب شيَّبَ اللِّمَما
He is asked for money, counsel, and
Not their souls or breaths
influence when calamity turns forelocks gray.
Can it harm one of noble lineage
بحرٌa sea منof الجدِّearnestness والفكاهةand good humor والand the
بحرٌ من الجدِّ والفكاهة وال
نائلgifts تلقاهُyou find him ذاخراًbrimming فَعِمَاfull
نائل تلقاهُ ذاخراً فَعِمَا
A sea of earnestness, good humor, and
If his living body is made dust?
gifts, you find him brimming and full.
Lower them and I do not feel safe with them
مَشْهَدُهُhis presence روضَةٌa garden مُنَوَّرَةٌflowering
مَشْهَدُهُ روضَةٌ مُنَوَّرَةٌ
أُرْضعَتwas suckled الليلَthe night كلَّهall of it الرّهَمَاgentle rains
أُرْضعَت الليلَ كلَّه الرّهَمَا
His presence is a flowering garden,
Radiant, speaking of pearls and corals
suckled all night on gentle rain.
How can I boast or rebuild with them
تعاورانيthey took turns aiding me بكلّwith every صالحةٍgood thing
تعاوراني بكلّ صالحةٍ
لاmay not عَدمَاthe two lack صالحاًanything good ولاand may not عُدِماthe two be lost
لا عَدمَا صالحاً ولا عُدِما
They took turns showering me with every good thing;
A structure when they are no foundation?
may they lack no good, nor ever be lost!
I praised two laudable ones through the ages
لذاكfor that reason أضحتْbecame محامديmy praises نَفَلاًa prize
لذاك أضحتْ محامدي نَفَلاً
بينهماbetween the two بالسَّواءequally مُقْتَسَماdivided
بينهما بالسَّواء مُقْتَسَما
Thus my praises became a prize
With praises preceding my precedent
equally divided between them.
I did not innovate in praising you
وماand not أبوAbu أحمدٍAhmad بدونهماbeneath the two
وما أبو أحمدٍ بدونهما
لراهبٍfor one afraid أوor لراغبfor one hopeful حُرماa sanctuary
لراهبٍ أو لراغب حُرما
Nor is Abu Ahmad beneath the two
Though people before me versified extensively
as a sanctuary for one in fear or one in hope:
عبدُʿAbd الجليلal-Jalil الجليلُthe noble إنwhen طرقَknocked الthe
عبدُ الجليل الجليلُ إن طرقَ ال
طارقvisitor مُسْتَرْفداًseeking aid ومُعْتَصماand seeking refuge
طارق مُسْتَرْفداً ومُعْتَصما
ʿAbd al-Jalil, noble when a
visitor knocks, seeking aid and refuge.
إخوةُbrothers of صدْقٍtruth ثلاثةٌthree جُعِلواwere made
إخوةُ صدْقٍ ثلاثةٌ جُعِلوا
لكلfor every مَجدٍglory مُشَيَّدٍlofty دِعَماsupports
لكل مَجدٍ مُشَيَّدٍ دِعَما
Three true brothers, made
supports for every lofty glory.
فأنتand so you تَعْتدُّهُمْcount them ثلاثَةthree أشْpersons (start)
فأنت تَعْتدُّهُمْ ثلاثَة أشْ
خاصpersons (completion) وإنand if تبلُهُمْyou test them تجدْyou find أُمَماnations
خاص وإن تبلُهُمْ تجدْ أُمَما
You count them as three
persons; but test them, and you find nations.
أبقاهُمُmay He preserve them مَنْHe who أعزَّنيhonored me بهمُthrough them
أبقاهُمُ مَنْ أعزَّني بهمُ
ماas long as أفلَset النَّيّرانthe two luminaries أَوْor نجماrose
ما أفلَ النَّيّران أَوْ نجما
May He who honored me through them preserve them
as long as the two luminaries set or rise:
بَنيO sons of شَهِنْشَاهShahinshah الذيwhose وطئتْtrod upon
بَني شَهِنْشَاه الذي وطئتْ
عزَّتُهُhis might المعرِبينَArabic-speakers والعَجماand non-Arabs
عزَّتُهُ المعرِبينَ والعَجما
O sons of Shahinshah, whose
might trod upon Arabic-speakers and non-Arabs.
إنif يَكُit be آباؤكمyour forefathers بنواbuilt لكُمُfor you
إن يَكُ آباؤكم بنوا لكُمُ
طوْداًa mountain منof المجدglory يفرَعُrises above القمَماthe peaks
طوْداً من المجد يفرَعُ القمَما
If your forefathers built for you
a mountain of glory rising above the peaks,
فقدthen indeed قضىrepaid حقَّهُمtheir due فَعالُكُمُyour deeds الnow (start)
فقد قضى حقَّهُم فَعالُكُمُ ال
آنnow (completion) بمَحياهُwith its living vigor تلكُمُthose الرِّمَماdecayed remains
آن بمَحياهُ تلكُمُ الرِّمَما
your deeds have repaid their due
now, reviving those decayed remains with their living vigor.
أحيتْrevived أفاعيلُكمyour deeds أوائلَكُمْyour forebears
أحيتْ أفاعيلُكم أوائلَكُمْ
أحسابَهُمْtheir ancestral honors لاnot النفوسَsouls والنَّسَماand breaths
أحسابَهُمْ لا النفوسَ والنَّسَما
Your deeds brought your forebears back to life—
their ancestral honors, not their souls or breath.
وهلand does يضرُّharm امرءاًa man لهwho has حَسَبٌancestral honor
وهل يضرُّ امرءاً له حَسَبٌ
حيٌّliving أنthat احْتَلَّdwelt جسْمُهhis body الرَّجَمَاbeneath grave-stones
حيٌّ أن احْتَلَّ جسْمُه الرَّجَمَا
Does it harm a man whose ancestral honor
lives, that his body dwells beneath grave-stones?
دونكموهاtake it, all of you وماand not أَمُنُّI claim credit بهاfor it
دونكموها وما أَمُنُّ بها
غراءَradiant تحكيresembles اللآلئَpearls التُّؤماpaired
غراءَ تحكي اللآلئَ التُّؤما
Here, take this poem; I claim no credit for it,
radiant, resembling paired pearls.
وكيفَand how مَنّيmy claiming credit وماwhen not رمَمْتُI repaired بهاwith it
وكيفَ مَنّي وما رمَمْتُ بها
لكمfor you بناءًa building وَهىweakened ولاnor انثلماwas breached
لكم بناءً وَهى ولا انثلما
How could I claim credit, when with it I have not repaired
for you a building weakened or breached?
مدحتُI praised منكمamong you مُمَدَّحينَmen already praised علىthroughout الthe
مدحتُ منكم مُمَدَّحينَ على ال
دَهرtime أماديحَpraises تَقْدُمprecede القِدماantiquity
دَهر أماديحَ تَقْدُم القِدما
I have praised men among you already praised throughout
time, with praises that precede antiquity itself.
لمdid not أبتدعْI invent بدعةًa novelty بمدحكُمُin praising you
لم أبتدعْ بدعةً بمدحكُمُ
قدindeed قَرَّضَpraised in verse الناسُpeople قبلِيَbefore me الأدَمَاhuman beings
قد قَرَّضَ الناسُ قبلِيَ الأدَمَا
I have invented no novelty in praising you;
people before me have sung the praises of men.
Partial English translation: 278 of 306 Arabic lines translated.
Sol 6.1