حليفُa companion of سُهادٍsleeplessness ليلُهُhis night كنهارِهِlike his day
حليفُ سُهادٍ ليلُهُ كنهارِهِ
يبيتُhe spends the night شِعارُthe inner garment of الهمِّsorrow دونَbeneath شعارهِhis inner garment
يبيتُ شِعارُ الهمِّ دونَ شعارهِ
A companion of sleeplessness, his night is like his day;
he passes the night with sorrow's shirt beneath his own.
أصابتْهُhas struck him منfrom رَيْبthe hazards of الزمانtime مُصيبةٌa calamity
أصابتْهُ من رَيْب الزمان مُصيبةٌ
كَؤودٌcrushing لهاbelonging to it ماwhatever بعدهاcomes after it منof حذارهhis dread
كَؤودٌ لها ما بعدها من حذاره
A calamity from the hazards of time has struck him,
a crushing blow that claims even his dread of what comes after it.
رَزيّةُthe loss of خالa maternal uncle كانwho was للدهرِagainst time جُنَّةًa shield
رَزيّةُ خال كان للدهرِ جُنَّةً
إذاwhen الدهرtime أنحَىbrought down مُرْهفاتthe whetted edges شِفارهof its blades
إذا الدهر أنحَى مُرْهفات شِفاره
The loss of a maternal uncle who was a shield against time
when time brought down the whetted edges of its blades.
وكانand he was إذاwhen عُدَّwere counted الخُؤولmaternal uncles فَعُدِّدَتْand were recounted
وكان إذا عُدَّ الخُؤول فَعُدِّدَتْ
مَساعيهhis deeds لمdid not تغْضlower الجُفونthe eyelids لعارهin shame for him
مَساعيه لم تغْض الجُفون لعاره
When maternal uncles were counted, and
his deeds recounted, no eyelids lowered in shame for him.
ألاah ماتhas died منhe who ماتdied الوفاءloyalty بموتهwith his death
ألا مات من مات الوفاء بموته
فأعوزَso became scarce منone who يوفيhonors بذمةthe covenant of جارهhis neighbor
فأعوزَ من يوفي بذمة جاره
Ah, he has died, and loyalty died with him;
one who honors his neighbor's covenant is now hard to find.
ألاah ماتhas died منhe who ماتdied السماحgenerosity بموتهwith his death
ألا مات من مات السماح بموته
وكلand every عطاءgift نقدُهُits ready payment كضِمارهlike its unrecoverable value
وكل عطاء نقدُهُ كضِماره
Ah, he has died, and generosity died with him;
every gift's ready payment is now like wealth beyond recovery.
فأيso what قِرىًhospitality تَقرِيoffer as hospitality اللياليthe nights ضيوفَهاtheir guests
فأي قِرىً تَقرِي الليالي ضيوفَها
وقدwhen indeed عَطلتthey have left untended ماall that عَطَّلتْthey left untended منof عِشارهhis ten-month-pregnant she-camels
وقد عَطلت ما عَطَّلتْ من عِشاره
What hospitality can the nights offer their guests,
when they have left so many of his pregnant she-camels untended?
فتىًa youth كانwho was يَهديguided الجودُgenerosity قصدَthe straight course سبيلِهof his path
فتىً كان يَهدي الجودُ قصدَ سبيلِه
وحاشاهand both its sides منthrough أسرارهhis private giving وبِدارهand his promptness
وحاشاه من أسراره وبِداره
A youth whom generosity guided down his straight path,
and along both its sides, through his secret and swift giving.
فتىa youth كانwho was لاnot يطويfolding علىaround الغدرtreachery كَشْحَهhis flank
فتى كان لا يطوي على الغدر كَشْحَه
ولاnor تسأمُtire of الأيامُthe days يومَthe day فَخارهof his glory
ولا تسأمُ الأيامُ يومَ فَخاره
A youth who never harbored treachery within his breast;
the days never tired of his day of glory.
فتىa youth كانwho was كالعذراءlike a maiden فيin ظلthe shelter of خدرهاher curtained chamber
فتى كان كالعذراء في ظل خدرها
وكالأسدand like the lion الرئبالthe fierce one فيin ظلthe shelter of دارهhis home
وكالأسد الرئبال في ظل داره
A youth like a maiden beneath her curtained shelter,
and like a fierce lion beneath the shelter of his home.
مضىhe passed away قدhaving تناهَىreached the utmost سُؤْدداًin nobility غيرexcept أنهthat he
مضى قد تناهَى سُؤْدداً غير أنه
مضىhe passed away نَصَفاًmiddle-aged قدalready لاحappeared شَيْبgrayness عذارهin his sideburns
مضى نَصَفاً قد لاح شَيْب عذاره
He passed away, having reached nobility's summit, except that
he passed in middle age, gray just appearing in his sideburns.
خباwent dark قمرُthe moon of الدنياthe world لحينat the time of اتساقهits fullness
خبا قمرُ الدنيا لحين اتساقه
فياoh أسَفاًwhat sorrow هلاwhy not لحينat the time of سِرارهits dark phase
فيا أسَفاً هلا لحين سِراره
The world's moon went dark just as it grew full;
alas, why not at the time of its dark phase?
علاهcovered it كسوفُan eclipse of البدرthe full moon عندat تمامهits fullness
علاه كسوفُ البدر عند تمامه
مُلِحٌّpersisting بهupon it حتىuntil هوىit plunged فيinto مغَارهits cavern
مُلِحٌّ به حتى هوى في مغَاره
An eclipse covered the full moon at its fullness,
persisting until it plunged into its cavern.
رُزِئناهwe were bereaved of him يومَon the day of الأربِعاءWednesday ولمand never تزلceased
رُزِئناه يومَ الأربِعاء ولم تزل
فَواقرُthe back-breaking calamities of هذاthis الدهرage يومon the day of دبَارهits Dubār (Wednesday)
فَواقرُ هذا الدهر يوم دبَاره
We lost him on Wednesday; ever have
this age's back-breaking blows come on its day of Dubār.
بنفسيَmy life as ransom منfor him whose لمhave not تُقْضbeen discharged بعضُsome حقوقِهof his rights
بنفسيَ من لم تُقْض بعضُ حقوقِه
ولمand did not تفْنَwear out أيديناour hands بطولthrough prolonged اعتوارهtaking turns tending him
ولم تفْنَ أيدينا بطول اعتواره
My life be ransom for him, some of whose dues remain unpaid,
nor did our hands wear out taking turns tending him.
بنفسيَmy life as ransom منfor him who لمdid not يؤذِناdistress us بأنينهwith his groaning
بنفسيَ من لم يؤذِنا بأنينه
ولمnor did يؤذdistress جارَيْthe two neighbors of بيتِهhis house بجوارهby his proximity
ولم يؤذ جارَيْ بيتِه بجواره
My life be ransom for him who never troubled us with his groaning,
nor troubled his home's two neighbors by living beside them.
حبيبٌa beloved دَعاهsummoned him مُستزيراًinviting a visit حبيبُهُhis beloved
حبيبٌ دَعاه مُستزيراً حبيبُهُ
فخفَّso he hastened لهto him مستبشراًrejoicing بمزارهat visiting him
فخفَّ له مستبشراً بمزاره
A beloved whom his beloved summoned to visit;
he hastened to him, rejoicing in the visit.
وقصَّرand he shortened شكواهhis suffering فكانتso it was كأنهاas though it were
وقصَّر شكواه فكانت كأنها
طريقٌa road أراهُshowed him كيفَhow وجْهُthe way اختصارهof shortening it
طريقٌ أراهُ كيفَ وجْهُ اختصاره
He shortened his suffering, so it seemed
a road that showed him how it might be shortened.
ولمand did not تَطُلlast long البلوىthe ordeal عليهfor him لعلمهbecause He knew
ولم تَطُل البلوى عليه لعلمه
بتسليمهof his submission فيماin times that مضىhad passed واصطبارهand his patient endurance
بتسليمه فيما مضى واصطباره
His ordeal was not prolonged, for He knew
his submission in times past and his patient endurance.
تبلجhe shone عندat الموتdeath وابيضّand grew white وجهُهُhis face
تبلج عند الموت وابيضّ وجهُهُ
تبلُجَlike the shining ضوءof the light الفجرof dawn عندat انفجارهits breaking
تبلُجَ ضوء الفجر عند انفجاره
At death he shone, and his face grew white,
as dawn's light shines when it breaks.
فشكَّكَناso he made us doubt فيabout موتهhis death غيرexcept أنهthat he
فشكَّكَنا في موته غير أنه
أبانmade it clear لناto us فيin طرفهhis gaze وانكسارهand its fading
أبان لنا في طرفه وانكساره
He made us doubt his death, except that
he disclosed it in his gaze and its fading.
فلوand if كانit were يدريto know قبرُهُhis grave منwho يحِلُّهُwould inhabit it
فلو كان يدري قبرُهُ من يحِلُّهُ
تفرَّجَit would open بالترحيبin welcome قبلbefore احتفارهits excavation
تفرَّجَ بالترحيب قبل احتفاره
Had his grave known who would dwell within it,
it would have opened in welcome before being dug.
أعِلّانُO ʿIllān علَّتْكَmay they drench you anew الروائحُthe evening clouds صَوْبَهاwith their downpour
أعِلّانُ علَّتْكَ الروائحُ صَوْبَها
وأنْهلَكَand give you a first draught الغاديthe morning cloud رَوِيَّan abundant draught of قطارِهِits rain
وأنْهلَكَ الغادي رَوِيَّ قطارِهِ
O ʿIllān, may evening clouds drench you anew with their downpour,
and the morning cloud give you a first deep draught of its rain.
بحسبكenough for you بلrather حسبenough for المريديَthe one wishing me بالرّدىto die
بحسبك بل حسب المريديَ بالرّدى
جوىburning anguish حَزَنٍof grief يَصلىburns فؤدايmy heart بنارهin its fire
جوى حَزَنٍ يَصلى فؤداي بناره
Enough for you—rather, enough for him who wishes me dead—
is the burning grief in whose fire my heart burns.
علىdespite أنهthe fact that لاthere is no حسْبَsufficiency ليfor me بعدماafter what أتتْhave brought
على أنه لا حسْبَ لي بعدما أتتْ
عليهupon it اللياليthe nights منof مَزيدfurther المكارهmisfortunes
عليه الليالي من مَزيد المكاره
Yet nothing can suffice me, after
the further hardships the nights have brought upon it.
فلاso let not يُبْقِspare مكروهٌany misfortune عليَّme فإننيfor I
فلا يُبْقِ مكروهٌ عليَّ فإنني
لكلّto every كريهٍhorror نالنيthat befell me غيرnot كارهaverse
لكلّ كريهٍ نالني غير كاره
Let no misfortune spare me, then, for I
am not averse to any horror that befalls me.
أعِلّانO ʿIllān مَنْwhom أغشَىshall I visit ليؤنسso he may soothe وَحدتيmy loneliness
أعِلّان مَنْ أغشَى ليؤنس وَحدتي
ويدْحَرand drive away عنيfrom me الهمsorrow عندat احتضارهits arrival
ويدْحَر عني الهم عند احتضاره
O ʿIllān, whom shall I visit to soothe my loneliness
and drive sorrow from me when it arrives?
أعلّانُO ʿIllān منwho يُصْغيwill listen لسمعto hearing شَكيَّتيmy complaint
أعلّانُ من يُصْغي لسمع شَكيَّتي
وأصْغيand I listen إلىto مردودهhis response وحوارهand his conversation
وأصْغي إلى مردوده وحواره
O ʿIllān, who will lend an ear to my complaint,
while I listen to his answers and conversation?
أعِلّانُO ʿIllān منto whom أفشِيshall I disclose إليهto him سريرتيmy innermost thoughts
أعِلّانُ من أفشِي إليه سريرتي
فآمنَand so feel safe منfrom إدلالهhis presumption واغترارهand his conceit
فآمنَ من إدلاله واغتراره
O ʿIllān, to whom shall I confide my innermost thoughts,
safe from his presumption and conceit?
ومنand who ذاis there يُحاميto defend عنon behalf of ذِماريَmy honor غائباًin my absence
ومن ذا يُحامي عن ذِماريَ غائباً
أشدَّas fiercely as محاماةِthe defense of امرئٍa man عنon behalf of ذِمارهhis honor
أشدَّ محاماةِ امرئٍ عن ذِماره
And who will defend my honor in my absence
as fiercely as a man defends his own?
ومنand who ذاis there تظلُّremains النفسُthe soul عندduring مغيبهhis absence
ومن ذا تظلُّ النفسُ عند مغيبه
معلَّقَةًsuspended آمالُهماthe hopes of them both بانتظارهin awaiting him
معلَّقَةً آمالُهما بانتظاره
And who, when absent, leaves the soul
suspended, the hopes of both fixed on awaiting him?
نهاريmy day لدْنever since فارقتنيyou left me لكfor you موحِشٌdesolate
نهاري لدْن فارقتني لك موحِشٌ
وليليand my night فقيدُbereft of النومsleep حتىuntil انحسارهits passing
وليلي فقيدُ النوم حتى انحساره
Since you left me, my day is desolate for you,
and my night bereft of sleep until it fades.
عليَّupon me خشوعdejection ظاهرvisible واستكانةٌand submission
عليَّ خشوع ظاهر واستكانةٌ
كأنيas though I were أسيرa captive كانعbowed فيin إسارهhis bonds
كأني أسير كانع في إساره
Visible dejection and submission lie upon me,
as though I were a captive, bowed within his bonds.
أيسكنcan he be still مسلوبٌone robbed of سكينةَthe tranquility ليلهof his night
أيسكن مسلوبٌ سكينةَ ليله
ويأنسand find comfort مفجوعone bereaved بأنسof the companionship نَهارهof his day
ويأنس مفجوع بأنس نَهاره
Can one robbed of his night's tranquility be still,
and one bereaved of his day's companionship find comfort?
يُقاسيhe endures زفيراًsighing دائباًunceasing فيin صعودهits rising
يُقاسي زفيراً دائباً في صعوده
يُراحbreathed out ودمعاًand tears دائباًunceasing فيin انحدارهtheir falling
يُراح ودمعاً دائباً في انحداره
He endures sighs unceasing in their ascent,
breathed out, and tears unceasing in their fall.
ألاah تَعِسَmay it perish الدهرُtime المُفرِّقthat separates بينناus
ألا تَعِسَ الدهرُ المُفرِّق بيننا
وإنeven though كانis كلٌّeveryone عاثراًstumbling بعِثارهat its stumbling
وإن كان كلٌّ عاثراً بعِثاره
Ah, may time, which parted us, perish,
though everyone stumbles at its stumbling.
ألحَّit pressed relentlessly عليناupon us مولَعاًobsessed بسَراتناwith our noblest
ألحَّ علينا مولَعاً بسَراتنا
كماjust as أولعis enamored الجانيthe fruit-picker بخيرwith the finest ثِمارهof his fruit
كما أولع الجاني بخير ثِماره
It pressed relentlessly upon us, obsessed with our noblest,
as a fruit-picker covets the finest of his fruit.
أرىI see الدهرَtime لاdoes not يأويfeel pity لعوْلةfor the wail of مُعْوِلٍa mourner
أرى الدهرَ لا يأوي لعوْلة مُعْوِلٍ
ولاnor يَرعويdesist للصوتat the cry عندduring انشمارهits rushing onward
ولا يَرعوي للصوت عند انشماره
I see time feels no pity for a mourner's wailing,
nor checks itself at the cry when it rushes onward.
يصولit assaults فلاand does not يرثيpity لثُكلthe bereavement of كبيرةٍan old woman
يصول فلا يرثي لثُكل كبيرةٍ
ولاnor يُتْمthe orphanhood of طفلa child ياoh لَسُوءhow evil اقتدارهits power
ولا يُتْم طفل يا لَسُوء اقتداره
It assaults, with no pity for an old woman's bereavement,
nor a child's orphanhood—how vile its power!
ألاah بؤسmisery لِلأَمfor the mother التيwhose هُدَّwas shattered رُكنُهاher pillar
ألا بؤس لِلأَم التي هُدَّ رُكنُها
بواحدهاthrough her only son المُخْليwho leaves empty عِراصَthe courtyards دِيارهof his dwellings
بواحدها المُخْلي عِراصَ دِياره
Ah, misery for the mother whose pillar was shattered
with the loss of her only son, who left his courtyards empty!
وياand oh بؤسmisery لِلأخْتfor the sister الشقيةwretched بعدهafter him
ويا بؤس لِلأخْت الشقية بعده
منfrom الحَزَنِgrief الباقيenduring وطولand the length استعارهof its blazing
من الحَزَنِ الباقي وطول استعاره
And misery for the sister, wretched after him,
from grief that endures and its long-burning flame.
وياand oh بؤسmisery للطفلfor the child الصغيرlittle وشادنٍand a gazelle-fawn
ويا بؤس للطفل الصغير وشادنٍ
تعجَّلَmet too soon بؤسthe misery اليُتْمof orphanhood قبلbefore اتِّغارهhis second teething
تعجَّلَ بؤس اليُتْم قبل اتِّغاره
And misery for the little child, and a gazelle-fawn
who met orphanhood's misery before his second teeth appeared.
محمدُكُمْyour Muḥammad قدindeed بَتَّbecame severed ريحانَsweet basil صدرهof his breast
محمدُكُمْ قد بَتَّ ريحانَ صدره
ونازعهand he vied with him فيin الليلthe night فضلthe spare portion إزارهof his wrap
ونازعه في الليل فضل إزاره
Your Muḥammad is severed from him, once sweet basil upon his breast,
he who vied with him at night for the spare folds of his wrap.
أباO father of قاسمٍQāsim كمhow often قدindeed هفاfluttered لكtoward you لبُّهُhis heart
أبا قاسمٍ كم قد هفا لك لبُّهُ
علىdespite فضلةan abundance منof حلمهhis forbearance ووقارهand his dignity
على فضلة من حلمه ووقاره
O Abū Qāsim, how often his heart fluttered toward you,
for all his abundant forbearance and dignity!
فظلso he would go on يناغيكcooing to you الكلامwords بمنطقٍin speech
فظل يناغيك الكلام بمنطقٍ
رقيقgentle الحواشيat its edges زانهhe adorned it بافترارهwith his smile
رقيق الحواشي زانه بافتراره
Then he would coo words to you in speech
gentle at its edges, adorned with his smile.
سقىmay it water الغيثُthe rain ميتاًa dead man خُطَّwas marked out بالدَيْرat the monastery قبرُهُhis grave
سقى الغيثُ ميتاً خُطَّ بالدَيْر قبرُهُ
فواراهُso it concealed him إلاexcept سُؤدداًnobility لمdid not يوارهconceal it
فواراهُ إلا سُؤدداً لم يواره
May rain water the dead man whose grave was marked at the monastery;
it hid him, but could not hide his nobility.
بأقربin the nearest دارٍdwelling لاnever أرىshall I see الدهرَthroughout time وجهَهُhis face
بأقرب دارٍ لا أرى الدهرَ وجهَهُ
فياoh بُعدَhow distant مرآهthe sight of him وياand oh قُرْبَhow near دارهhis dwelling
فيا بُعدَ مرآه ويا قُرْبَ داره
In the nearest dwelling, yet I shall never see his face;
how distant the sight of him, how near his dwelling!
عَداهُprevented him البِلىdecay أنfrom يستجيبanswering لدعوتيmy call
عَداهُ البِلى أن يستجيب لدعوتي
وقدthough sometimes يُنجَدُis aided الملهوفُthe anguished عندin اضطرارهhis desperation
وقد يُنجَدُ الملهوفُ عند اضطراره
Decay has kept him from answering my call,
though the anguished may be helped in their distress.
وكنتand I used to إذاwhen استنجدتُهُI sought his aid فدعوتُهُand called him
وكنت إذا استنجدتُهُ فدعوتُهُ
دعوتُI called نصيراًa champion نصرُهُwhose aid كانتصارهwas like his self-defense
دعوتُ نصيراً نصرُهُ كانتصاره
When I sought his aid and called him,
I called a champion whose aid was like fighting for himself.
فواللهby God لاshall not أنساهُforget him حتىuntil أرىI see لهُfor him
فوالله لا أنساهُ حتى أرى لهُ
شبيهاًa likeness علىin أسبابهhis qualities ونجارهand his stock
شبيهاً على أسبابه ونجاره
By God, I shall not forget him until I see
someone like him in his qualities and his stock.
ولوand even if أننيI أيضاًalso رأيتُsaw شبيهَهُhis like
ولو أنني أيضاً رأيتُ شبيهَهُ
لماit would not كانbe إلاanything but مُغرياًan incitement بادِّكارهto remembering him
لما كان إلا مُغرياً بادِّكاره
And even if I saw his like,
it would only stir me to remember him.
فلوso if كانwere هذاthis الموتdeath قِرناًan adversary أطيقهُI could withstand
فلو كان هذا الموت قِرناً أطيقهُ
لماit would not فاتنيescape me أخرىto the last of اللياليthe nights بثارهin vengeance for him
لما فاتني أخرى الليالي بثاره
Had death been an opponent I could withstand,
it would not escape my vengeance for him to the last of nights.
ولوand if قبِلتْaccepted منيfrom me اللياليthe nights فداءهُhis ransom
ولو قبِلتْ مني الليالي فداءهُ
لفَاديتُهاI would have paid them ransom منfrom تالديmy inherited wealth بخيارهwith its choicest part
لفَاديتُها من تالدي بخياره
Had the nights accepted his ransom from me,
I would have paid them the choicest of my inherited wealth.
فأنَّىhow then تُفادينيwould accept ransom from me المناياthe fates of death بمثلهfor his like
فأنَّى تُفاديني المنايا بمثله
وكَيْسُand the shrewdness of المناياthe fates of death كيسُهاis their shrewdness فيin اختيارهchoosing him
وكَيْسُ المنايا كيسُها في اختياره
But how could the fates accept my ransom for his like,
when their cunning lies in choosing him?
ألاah ليتَماif only كنَّاwe were كغادٍlike one departing at dawn ورائحٍand one departing at dusk
ألا ليتَما كنَّا كغادٍ ورائحٍ
وكانand were رواحيmy evening departure لاحقاًfollowing close بابتكارهupon his early departure
وكان رواحي لاحقاً بابتكاره
Ah, would that we were one departing at dawn and one at dusk,
and my evening departure followed close upon his early one.
عليكupon you سلامpeace اللَهof God حيّاًliving وميّتاًand dead
عليك سلام اللَه حيّاً وميّتاً
تباشرتِshared glad tidings الموتىthe dead بقربat the nearness of جوارهhis neighboring presence
تباشرتِ الموتى بقرب جواره
God's peace be upon you, living and dead;
the dead shared glad tidings of having him near as their neighbor.
أبىprevented ليَme أنfrom أسْلاكforgetting you ماas long as دمتُI remain باقياًalive
أبى ليَ أن أسْلاك ما دمتُ باقياً
حُلُولُكَyour dwelling منwithin قلبيmy heart مكينَthe secure قرارهdepths of it
حُلُولُكَ من قلبي مكينَ قراره
What forbids me to forget you as long as I live
is your dwelling in the securest depths of my heart.
Sol 6.1